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LY/T 3187-2020: Technological regulation for preservation of germplasm resources of wild plant with extremely small populations
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Technological regulation for preservation of germplasm resources of wild plant with extremely small populations
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LY/T 3187-2020
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Basic data | Standard ID | LY/T 3187-2020 (LY/T3187-2020) | | Description (Translated English) | Technological regulation for preservation of germplasm resources of wild plant with extremely small populations | | Sector / Industry | Forestry Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | B60 | | Classification of International Standard | 65.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 7,750 | | Date of Issue | 2020-03-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-10-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 14072; LY/T 2192-2013; LY/T 2417-2015 | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement No. 6 of 2020 by the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Forestry and Grassland Administration | | Summary | This standard regulates the principles and basic requirements for the collection of wild plant germplasm resources of very small populations, the principles and methods of germplasm resources preservation, the selection of core germplasm resources, the evaluation of germplasm resources preservation effectiveness, and the establishment of germplasm resource information management systems. This standard is applicable to all kinds of wild plants with very small populations in my country, and the protection of other rare and endangered plants can be implemented by reference. | LY/T 3187-2020: Technological regulation for preservation of germplasm resources of wild plant with extremely small populations
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Technological regulation for preservation of germplasm resources of wild plant with extremely small populations
ICS 65.020
B60
LY
People's Republic of China Forestry Industry Standard
Technical Regulations for Conservation of Wild Plant Germplasm Resources of Very Small Population
2020-03-30 released
2020-10-01 implementation
Issued by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration
Table of contents
Foreword...II
1 Scope...1
2 Normative references...1
3 Terms and definitions...1
4 Principles and basic requirements for collection of germplasm resources...2
5 Principles and Methods of Conservation of Germplasm Resources...2
6 Screening of core germplasm resources...4
7 Evaluation of the effectiveness of germplasm conservation...5
8 Construction of Germplasm Resource Information Management System...5
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed and managed by the State Forestry and Grassland Administration.
The organization responsible for drafting this standard. Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry
graduate School.
The main drafters of this standard. Zang Runguo, Huang Jihong, Ding Yi, Xu Yue, Lu Xinghui, Qiu Deyou, Shao Fenjuan.
Technical Regulations for Conservation of Wild Plant Germplasm Resources of Very Small Population
1 Scope
This standard regulates the selection of wild plant provenance for very small populations, the collection and preservation methods of germplasm resources, the selection of core germplasm resources,
Detection and adaptability evaluation of germplasm resources, etc.
This standard is applicable to all kinds of wild plants with very small populations in my country, and the protection of other rare and endangered plants can be implemented by reference.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 14072 Principles and Methods for Conservation of Forest Tree Germplasm Resources
LY/T 2192--2013 General description of forest germplasm resources
LY/T 2417--2015 Technical specifications for construction of forest germplasm resources off-site preservation warehouse
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 14072, LY/T 2192-2013 and LY/T 2417-2015 apply to this standard.
3.1 Wild plant with extremely small populations
It refers to the narrow distribution area, long-term interference from external factors, showing population degradation and continuous decrease in the number of individuals, population and individual
The population is extremely small, the smallest living population that has fallen below the limit of stable survival, and the wild plants that are on the verge of extinction at any time. Mainly include the following 3 types
Type. (1) The wild population is extremely small, extremely endangered, and is at risk of extinction at any time; (2) Unique habitat requirements and narrow ecological range; (3) Potential base
Because the value is not clear, its extinction will cause gene loss, reduction of biodiversity, huge loss of socio-economic value and relatively small population.
3.2 Germplasm
Refers to the genetic species or genes that directly pass offspring through the sexual reproduction process or somatic cells and determine inherent characteristics.
3.3 core germplasm resources
The general term for the least number of genetic resources that can maximize the genetic diversity of the entire population.
3.4 the store of germplasms resources
Places to preserve germplasm resources.
3.5 in situ preservation
Refers to the preservation of germplasm resources in situ, also known as in-situ preservation.
3.6 ex situ preservation
Refers to the transfer of germplasm resources out of the native place for cultivation and preservation, also known as ex situ preservation.
3.7 Preservation off body
Refers to germplasm resources such as seeds, pollen, roots, spikes, buds and other propagation materials, which are stored away from the mother.
3.8 natural protected area
It is a specific area defined by legal means or in accordance with traditional customs, and its purpose is to carry out biodiversity and its related natural resources
protection of. In my country, it mainly includes nature reserves, national parks, and natural heritage sites, among which nature reserves are the in-situ conservation of wild plants
(Preserved in situ) the main carrier.
4 Principles and basic requirements for collection of germplasm resources
4.1 Principles of collection
4.1.1 It shall not affect the growth, reproduction and renewal of the original mother tree, and shall not damage its habitat.
4.1.2 Adopt corresponding collection methods according to the characteristics of different species.
4.1.3 Under the above premises, collect germplasm resources in all different populations and habitats of species.
4.1.4 The first seed is collected; when the number of seeds is insufficient, nutrient tissue is collected.
4.2 Collection requirements
4.2.1 Collectors must be professionals or trained and qualified wild plant protectors.
Strictly record every collection activity and its investigation information, establish a pedigree information system, and update and track records regularly. Which survey information
The table is implemented with reference to the forest tree germplasm resource survey table of GB/T 14072.
5 Principles and Methods of Conservation of Germplasm Resources
5.1 Preservation principles
5.1.1 Wild plant species in a very small population will not be extinct and will develop properly, and the genetic genes of the species will not be lost.
5.1.2 According to the biological characteristics and provenance distribution of different species, formulate corresponding preservation procedures and preservation methods.
5.1.3 Before formulating a conservation plan for germplasm resources, it is necessary to do a good job in the investigation of the status of the species' germplasm resources and the detection of genetic diversity.
5.2 Storage method
5.2.1 In situ preservation
5.2.1.1 According to the characteristics of species and their habitats, the establishment of in-situ conservation (protection) areas for germplasm resources should use the national and local
Established various types of natural reserves, such as nature reserves.
5.2.1.2 For species distributed outside the nature reserve, in situ preservation (protection) communities can be established. Each species must have more than 3
In situ preservation (protection) of the community. For species with a population of less than 3 in the wild or with only scattered individuals, set up in-situ preservation (protection)
point.
5.2.1.3 All wild individuals of each species in in-situ preservation (protection) sites, communities and sites shall be marked and located.
5.2.1.4 For the established in situ preservation (protection) communities (spots), the management and protection measures shall be taken as the main ban and artificial tending as the supplement.
5.2.1.5 According to the stability of the ecological and genetic composition of the plant population, it is determined that the area of the in-situ preservation area should not be less than 25 ha;
When the cover area is less than 25 ha, the area where the population is distributed is the core, and a buffer zone with a width of not less than 300 meters is set up, and the preservation in place is determined accordingly.
(Protection) The area of a cell or point.
5.2.2 Relocation
5.2.2.1 Carry out off-site preservation for species that cannot be effectively protected by in-situ preservation.
5.2.2.2 According to the bioclimatic characteristics and ecological distribution area of the species' native place, select and establish a very small population of wild plant germplasm resources (bank)
Choose suitable site conditions according to the niche (or ecological conditions) needed for the survival and reproduction of different germplasm resources
(Including soil, topography, microclimate and biological factors that may affect its growth, etc.).
5.2.2.3 The construction of off-site preservation sites should consider as far as possible the national and local germplasm resource banks, botanical gardens, arboretums, and greenhouses established.
It can also be combined with ex-situ conservation bases of very small populations of wild plants to further subdivide germplasm resource conservation communities of different species within the base.
5.2.2.4 Seeds, pollen, cuttings, roots, shoots, etc. can be collected for propagation or storage, and robust seedlings that have been artificially assisted
Planted to a remote storage location.
5.2.2.5 Try to avoid the transplanting of wild plants, only when the wild germplasm resources plants are seriously threatened and must be transplanted to other places.
Can directly transplant wild plants to off-site preservation sites.
5.2.2.6 As far as possible, consider basic conditions such as transportation and management facilities to ensure that the selected site is conducive to the survival and survival of very small populations of wild plants.
Propagation and corresponding man-made auxiliary protection and rescue management.
5.2.2.7 Save quantity
a. At least 5 populations for 1 species; less than 5, save all populations.
b. 1 population has at least 10 families; if there are less than 10, save all families.
c. At least 10 individuals in 1 family; if there are less than 10, save all individuals.
d. At least 5 strains of 1 clone; if less than 5 strains, save all clones.
5.2.3 In vitro preservation
5.2.3.1 Save species
a. Species that are difficult to preserve in situ or in different places;
b. A very small population of wild plant species for concentrated propagation, research and sustainable use.
5.2.3.2 Storage facilities
a. Where a germplasm resource bank has been established, it shall be preserved in the form of a repository;
b. Where there is no germplasm bank, the established laboratories, greenhouses and greenhouses can be used;
c. Specially established germplasm resource preservation equipment.
5.2.3.3 Storage of materials and collection
a. Seeds on plants that grow naturally;
b. For species with insufficient seeds, pollen, spikes, roots, buds and other tissues and organs can be collected;
c. Tissues, organs, plants or artificial seeds obtained through tissue culture technology;
d. The collection of preserved materials should be carried out as far as possible on healthy individuals without pests and diseases;
e. Collection of preservation materials such as cuttings, roots and shoots should be carried out during the individual dormancy period;
f. Under the condition that does not affect the growth and development of the original plants, as much relevant propagation materials as possible should be collected for preservation.
5.2.3.4 In vitro preservation method
a. Directly reproduce the collected materials accordingly;
b. Store the collected materials at room temperature, low temperature or ultra-low temperature;
c. For a few particularly precious wild plants with very small populations, use cryogenic storage to store DNA (nucleic acid) to preserve their genetic resources.
5.2.3.5 Save quantity
a. If the seed weight is more than 100 g, the storage quantity is not less than 1000 g; if the seed weight is 50-100 g, the storage quantity is not less than 500 g;
If the 1,000-grain weight is 5-50 g, the storage quantity is not less than 250 g; if the 1,000-grain weight is less than 5 g, the storage quantity is not less than 50 g.
b. No less than 50 cuttings, roots, shoots, etc.
c. Pollen is not less than 50 g.
5.3 Storage period
5.3.1 In situ preservation should be kept in a permanent base for a long time.
5.3.2 The storage period of off-site storage is determined according to the growth cycle and renewal period of the plant, and the construction should also be based on a permanent long-term base
And running.
5.3.3 In vitro preservation can determine the renewal period according to the characteristics of species preservation materials and preservation conditions, as well as the goals and conditions of expansion and utilization.
5.4 Update of germplasm resources
5.4.1 The germplasm resources preserved in situ are mainly natural regeneration, supplemented by artificial measures to maintain their natural succession for generations.
5.4.2 The germplasm resources preserved in different places are mainly artificially renewed, and artificial propagation and cultivation are carried out to preserve their excellent characteristics; when conditions are available,
It should promote its natural renewal and complete the life history process.
5.4.3 When the in vitro storage materials reach the renewal period, they should be collected again, used in time, and no waste.
6 Screening of core germplasm resources
6.1 Screening method
a. Extract genomic DNA from leaves or seeds;
b. Use simplified genome methods and high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the genome of the cell nucleus and organelles;
c. Analyze the genetic variation characteristics of the species;
d. Compare the genetic contribution rate of various groups;
e. Determine the core germplasm resources.
6.2 Screening criteria
Determine the number of core germplasm resources based on the size of the wild plant population of very small populations and the characteristics of genetic diversity.
Evaluation on the effectiveness of conservation of 7 germplasm resources
7.1 Evaluation principles
7.1.1 Completely retain the genetic characteristics of its source population or mother plant.
7.1.2 The preserved or propagated plants can produce healthy and naturally fertile offspring.
7.2 Evaluation Index
7.2.1 The population genetic diversity of different germplasm resources can be preserved and maintained for a long time.
7.2.2 Individuals preserved in situ can regenerate naturally and maintain the stability of their ecosystems.
7.2.3 Ex situ preservation of individuals can produce healthy seeds, and the individuals concerned can still produce fertile offspring after returning to their natural habitat.
7.2.4 The tissues preserved in vitro can be used for reproduction, and the resulting individuals can still produce healthy and fertile offspring after returning to their natural habitat.
8 Construction of germplasm information management system
8.1 A germplasm resource information management system must be established.
8.2 The status and changes of in situ preservation populations, off-site preservation populations and in vitro preservation materials, breeding and management methods, protection and utilization
The situation, etc. shall be fully recorded and updated.
8.3 The germplasm resource information management system mainly includes. system development, design, information collection, update and maintenance, and related facilities
The configuration of equipment requires monitoring and data collation every year.
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