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GB/T 39747-2021: Code of practice for the safe use of supported elevating work platform
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Code of practice for the safe use of supported elevating work platform
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GB/T 39747-2021
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 39747-2021 (GB/T39747-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Code of practice for the safe use of supported elevating work platform | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J80 | | Word Count Estimation | 54,535 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 39747-2021: Code of practice for the safe use of supported elevating work platform---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Code of practice for the safe use of supported elevating work platform
ICS 53.020.99
J80
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Rules for the safe use of lifting working platforms
Released on 2021-03-09
2021-10-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Hazards related to the use of lifting platforms 3
5 Use management 4
6 Work site safety 4
7 Personnel selection and minimum requirements 9
8 Personnel training 11
9 Use planning 13
10 Arrangement and setting of lifting platform 15
11 Operation 17
12 Inspection and maintenance 18
13 Comprehensive inspection 21
Appendix A (informative appendix) A list of typical hazards related to the use of lifting platforms 24
Appendix B (informative appendix) Daily inspection 30
Appendix C (informative appendix) Periodic inspection 33
Appendix D (informative appendix) Comprehensive inspection 48
Rules for the safe use of lifting working platforms
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements for the transportation, handover, arrangement, operation, inspection and maintenance of the lifting platform (hereinafter referred to as the lifting platform).
It provides guidance and suggestions for the management and safe use of the lifting platform.
This standard applies to lifting platforms.
This standard does not apply to.
---Construction lifts;
---elevator;
---Guide frame climbing work platform;
---Window cleaner;
---High-altitude operation gondola;
---Fire fighting and rescue equipment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 6067.1 Safety Regulations for Lifting Machinery Part 1.General Rules
GB 6095 seat belt
GB/T 27548-2011 Safety rules, inspection, maintenance and operation of mobile elevating work platforms
GB/T 27549 Training for Operators of Mobile Lifting Work Platforms
GBZ 188-2014 Occupational Health Monitoring Technical Specifications
JB/T 11169-2011 fixed lifting working platform
JB/T 12786 Terminology and Classification of Lifting Work Platform
MH5001 Civil Airport Flight Area Technical Standard
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions defined in JB/T 12786 apply to this document. For ease of use, the following is repeated
Certain terms and definitions in JB/T 12786.
3.1
Supportedelevatingworkplatform
The lifting work platform is realized by the extension structure of the lifting movement of the work platform.
[JB/T 12786-2016, definition 3.1]
3.2
Workplatform
Installed on the lifting platform, used to transport people (with or without materials, etc.), and work on the components.
Note 1.The working platform is also called "cage", "bucket" and "basket".
Note 2.Rewrite JB/T 12786-2016, definition 2.4.
3.3
Accessory
A device that is connected to the work platform and assists it in completing tasks.
Examples. curtain wall carrier, camera bag, sign carrier, glass carrier, lighting frame, advertising board and pipe rack.
3.4
Anchorpoint
The fixed element connecting the fall protection system and the work platform.
3.5
Counterweight
A component installed on the underframe of the lifting platform and used to balance the tipping moment generated by the working platform and its payload.
3.6
Telescopic shaft
When operating the mobile elevating work platform (hereinafter referred to as MEWP), it can be extended on the chassis of the self-propelled elevating work platform to enhance
The axis of its chassis supporting capacity.
3.7
Safety belt personalfalprotectionsystem
Personal protective equipment that prevents workers from falling or hanging them safely after falling.
[GB 6095-2009, definition 3.1]
3.8
Rescuesystem
A protective system that can be pulled, lifted, or lowered by people for rescue, self-rescue, or rescue from heights or depths.
3.9
Oscilatingaxle
A shaft on the chassis of a self-propelled elevating work platform that swings when the elevating platform moves to ensure that all wheels remain in contact with the ground.
3.10
Outrigger
Under operating conditions, a device used to increase the support of the MEWP underframe and keep it level.
3.11
Spreaderpad
A plate used to increase the area under the stabilizer, outrigger, wheel or track of the lifting platform, and reduce the ground support pressure to an acceptable value.
3.12
Stabilizer
A device or system that increases the stability of the entire lifting platform or extension structure by supporting and/or leveling.
Note. Such as jacks, suspension locking devices and telescopic shafts.
3.13
Lessor owner
Companies, businesses, or individuals that lease equipment.
3.14
Hirer
Companies, enterprises, individuals, groups, or public institutions that lease equipment from the lessor.
3.15
Use the responsible body responsiblebody
Use the lifting platform and the individual or organization responsible for its safe operation, maintenance and overall inspection.
3.16
Professional engineer
Personnel who have the theoretical knowledge to evaluate the design of the lifting platform and establish appropriate standards for proposed changes, repairs or comprehensive inspections.
3.17
Professional competentperson
Personnel with sufficient professional or technical training, knowledge and practical experience, and authorized to enable them to.
---Perform their duties within the level of responsibility assigned to them;
---Consider understanding the potential hazards related to work (or equipment);
---Detect technical defects or deficiencies in the work (or equipment), determine the health and safety impacts caused by these deficiencies or missing, and be able to
Identify remedial measures to eliminate the impact.
Note. The requirements related to competency are detailed in 7.2.
3.18
Demonstrator
Have the necessary theoretical knowledge and practical experience to be familiar with the responsibilities of the operators, and guide the trial operation and safe operation procedures of the lifting platform
And restricted personnel.
3.19
Operator
The personnel responsible for operating the lifting platform.
3.20
Familiarization
After training, the operator has an understanding of the control performance of the lifting platform and the use of special functions.
3.21
Manual force
During operation, the force exerted by the personnel on the working platform on the lifting platform.
3.22
Outreach
The horizontal distance between the central axis of rotation and the outer edge of the working platform.
3.23
Workingheight
The height of the working platform and the height (1.7m) that the operator can reach for safe operations.
3.24
Ratedload
The normal operating load designed for the lifting platform consists of personnel, tools and material loads acting vertically on the working platform.
3.25
Site survey
An on-site investigation conducted by professionals before using the lifting platform to assess the hazards and the work that needs to be performed related to the lifting platform.
Then determine the most suitable lifting platform and method of performing the task.
3.26
Suspensiontrauma
Orthostatic shock caused by obstructing the blood circulation system of the human body due to vertical suspension for a certain period of time.
4 Dangers related to the use of lifting platforms
When carrying out the risk assessment of the transportation, handover, layout, operation and maintenance of the lifting platform, full consideration should be given to the use of the lifting platform.
risk. Refer to Appendix A for a list of typical hazards associated with the use of lifting platforms.
5 Use management
5.1 General
The selection, layout, operation, maintenance and overall inspection of the lifting platform shall be properly planned and supervised. Identified and lifting platform use
After the relevant hazards (see Chapter 4), the responsible party should organize professionals to evaluate the risks related to the use of the lifting platform, and based on the risk assessment
Appropriate control measures shall be taken to assess the determined results.
5.2 Organization Management
The party responsible for the use shall assume the main management responsibility for the use of the lifting platform. Before using the lifting platform, the safe work system should be properly preserved,
And it is convenient for operators to check. The responsible party shall instruct the operators to operate in accordance with the safe work system. The safe work system should include the following
content.
a) Operation plan, including procedures for the recovery of personnel and/or lifting platforms in an emergency.
b) Selection, provision and use of suitable lifting platforms and related work devices.
c) Make necessary preparations for the layout of the work site of the lifting platform.
d) Requirements for maintenance and full inspection.
e) Provide appropriately trained professionals and inform their responsibilities.
f) The operator’s familiarity with the specific lifting platform required to operate, familiarity with the local site conditions, and working on the lifting platform
Familiarity with the risk factors that need attention in the area of occupation and movement.
g) Adequate supervision by appropriately trained and necessary authorized professionals. These personnel can be provided by the responsible party, or
Provided by the person in charge of the site, as long as the parties agree and have notified the person who is doing the work.
h) Comprehensive inspection report and other necessary documents.
i) Prevent unauthorized movement or operation of the lifting platform at any time.
j) Safety of non-workers.
The safe work system and its implementation should be effectively communicated to all participants (non-Chinese may be considered).
The responsible party should check whether the professionals are responsible for formulating the work system that the operators should follow. When renting a lifting platform, professional
Personnel may be assisted by site surveyors in their work. The site surveyor has sufficient knowledge and experience to promote the selection of the platform
Provide expert advice on selection, operation and special applications. However, the help provided by the site surveyor cannot eliminate the professionals’ involvement in safe operation management.
Full responsibility.
6 Work site safety
6.1 Reporting and handling of accidents, near misses and dangerous incidents
In the event of an accident, near miss or dangerous event, the following measures should be taken.
---All accidents, near misses or dangerous incidents should be reported to the person in charge of the scene immediately;
---After an accident or dangerous event occurs, no objects should be moved, especially the lifting platform, unless the object is required to prevent further
Personal injury or property damage at any time;
---Should report all conditions of severe impact load of the lifting platform to the owner.
6.2 Wind
6.2.1 Wind influence
The lifting platform should be used in a wind speed environment that guarantees its stability. No wind load affecting the lifting platform should be carried out without the manufacturer's permission
The modification or addition of the load and its stability, such as the modification or addition of the logo, panel or accessories; if modification or addition is required, it should be specified by the manufacturer.
Under the guidance of industry engineers.
Except for lifting platforms designed for indoor use, other types of lifting platforms should not be used in environments that exceed the maximum wind speed allowed by the manufacturer
use.
Note. When the lifting platform is specifically designed for use in an environment with a wind speed exceeding 12.5m/s, the manufacturer may make specific requirements for the use of this type of lifting platform.
Regulations.
6.2.2 Wind influence on working platform
It should be noted that the handling of building curtain walls, plates, and panels may affect the safe handling capacity or stability of the lifting platform, especially in strong winds.
Under conditions.
6.2.3 Local wind influence
When the wind speed is low in an open site, the shelter effect and funnel effect of high-rise buildings will cause high wind speed and turbulence in some places.
The use of lifting platforms should consider other local sources of high wind speeds related to site safety, such as aircraft at airports and tall vehicles on highways.
The air current, etc.
6.3 Overhead power lines
6.3.1 Minimum safety distance
Most overhead power lines are non-insulated. Lifting platforms that work or walk near overhead high-voltage lines, if not connected to overhead power lines,
If the power lines are kept at sufficient intervals, a jump voltage will be formed between the power lines and the lifting platform.
The operators and other staff of the lifting platform should follow the national or local regulations on the minimum safe distance of live conductors above the ground.
Relevant regulations; if there is no such requirement, the regulations in Table 1 of GB/T 27548-2011 shall be complied with.
When the lifting platform can only be passed under the overhead power line, ground barriers should be arranged at this position and gantry posts should be installed to ensure that the lifting platform can pass through.
Pass safely under the overhead line. If there is no need to pass under the overhead line, ground obstacles and height signs should be placed, usually marked with colorful flags.
The lifting platform is restricted to a safe range.
Work within the safety range can only be carried out after specific assessments on site and consultation with power line operators. Unless the power company (or
The line operator) declares "insulation" and "safe", otherwise all overhead power lines and their accessories will be regarded as "live".
6.3.2 Warning device
When the lifting platform enters the limited distance of the overhead power line, a warning device can be used to issue a warning. This device should not replace safety
Work program.
6.3.3 Emergency procedures for contact with live lines
If the lifting platform is in contact with live lines, the operator should take the following precautions to minimize the risk of death from electric shock.
a) Stay on the work platform.
b) Warn other personnel to stay away from the lifting platform and do not touch any part of the lifting platform.
c) Without the help of others and anyone approaching the lifting platform, try to move the lifting platform until the wire is removed and/or
The working platform is lowered to the ground.
d) If the lifting platform cannot be removed or lowered, stay in the working platform. If possible, send someone to notify the power company immediately. Until being
Action can only be taken if the situation is safe.
e) Do not touch the lifting platform and the ground at the same time.
f) Send someone to report the situation to the site management immediately and ensure that the lifting platform is isolated before getting help. If the method doesn't
If feasible, send someone to guard the lifting platform within a safe distance to warn of danger.
6.3.4 Working on the road with wires
Only used lifting platforms that have been tested and proven to be insulated can be used for live line work, and must be operated by qualified operators
Work on it.
6.4 Non-ionizing radiation
Lifting platforms are sometimes used close to non-ionizing radiation sources, such as cell phone towers and microwave receivers. Non-ionizing radiation
Shooting may cause health hazards to personnel on the work platform and may interfere with the control system of the lifting platform.
Transmission towers, especially cell phone signal transmission towers, are usually not obvious and may be camouflaged in certain locations. Work at the location where the tower is located
Before, you should ask the owner of the premises. The site owner should be able to determine the existence of non-ionizing radiation sources and provide advice on radiation levels. And if necessary
Otherwise, it is advisable to turn off the radiation source during the operation.
6.5 Working on the highway
When working on highways, the following precautions should be taken.
---The lifting platform is operated in the area of other vehicles or pedestrians, and if possible, set up a channel for diverting vehicles to prevent vehicles from entering
Enter the work area. If it is not feasible, roadblocks should be set up in the entire operation area, such as curbs, fences, cones, warning signs
Cards and/or indicator lights, etc.
---The lifting platform for operations on the highway should be equipped with yellow flashing warning lights.
---When working on the highway, the parts of the lifting platform are not allowed to stretch or swing into the traffic flow.
---Only a suitable authorized person can direct traffic on the highway. If in doubt, you should consult the traffic police.
--- To operate the lifting platform at night at a place where the public enters, it is necessary to provide roadblocks and yellow flashing lights. If the lifting platform needs to be left in the operation site
If you stay overnight, you should get the approval of the relevant department.
The above precautions are also applicable to self-propelled elevating work platforms when loading and unloading from vehicles parked on the highway.
6.6 Use of seat belts
Work risk assessment should be conducted before work, and seat belts should be selected according to the results of the risk assessment. Should be worn in accordance with the provisions of GB 6095
The closed seat belt prevents people from falling or reduces the risk of being thrown off the work platform.
When choosing and using seat belts, the following factors should be considered.
a) Choose a seat belt suitable for the task;
b) The availability of anchor points on the working platform;
c) Rescue personnel in emergency situations;
d) Inspection and replacement of seat belts.
6.7 Rescue at height
When the following two situations occur, rescue personnel on the work platform should be considered.
---The lifting platform cannot be lowered for any reason, such as the failure of the lifting platform or the jam of the working platform;
---The personnel are at risk of illness, injury or infection.
Rescue procedures should be properly planned, and the reasons why the work platform stays at a high place and the necessity of emergency rescue should be considered.
If possible, properly trained personnel should use the ground control device, backup power device or manual lowering system of the lifting platform
Wait for the rescue. If the rescue cannot be carried out, other lifting platforms can be used to carry out the rescue.
If you need to use other lifting platforms to implement rescue, you should first conduct a site-specific risk assessment and develop a specific plan. Specific plans should be considered
The following matters.
a) The arrangement of the rescue lifting platform should not make the implementation of rescue procedures endanger the safety of rescuers.
b) The working platforms of the two lifting platforms should be kept close to each other at a minimum distance. The engines of two lifting platforms are transferring trapped persons
Should be closed during the period.
c) The person being rescued should wear a full-body safety belt with an adjustable safety rope. Before lifting, the safety rope should be lifted with the rescue
The anchor points of the platform are connected.
d) It should be noted that the rescue lifting platform cannot be overloaded, otherwise more rescue procedures are required.
If the person has been suspended in a high place for a period of time, it may cause suspension trauma. If you cannot establish contact with the suspended personnel,
Take other emergency measures.
6.8 Ground conditions
Before using the lifting platform, the ability of the ground to withstand the load applied by the lifting platform should be evaluated, and measures should be taken to improve the ground bearing capacity.
If the level on the lifting platform shows that the operating limit is exceeded, the operator should lower the lifting platform and reset the lifting platform in a horizontal position.
升平台. If it is suspected that the outriggers or wheels are sinking due to the reasons given in a)~f), routine inspections should be carried out at the level of the lifting platform
And make adjustments to the outriggers, wheels, pads, etc.
Common bad ground conditions are as follows.
a) Insufficient support foundation. outriggers or wheels are placed on unbuilt ground and soil, and there may be underground cavities on the ground
This will cause the ground under the outriggers or wheels to collapse, so pads should be used. The backing plate should have sufficient size, rigidity and strength to distinguish
Disperse the load in the area.
b) Uncompacted ground. Uncompacted soil is manifested by cracks in the ground along the backfill ditch.
c) Floor slab, cellar and basement. the strength of the floor slab and the location of the cellar and basement should be considered when arranging the lifting platform.
d) Paving area. The paving area looks firm, but it may be laid on soft ground.
e) Underground public facilities. due to the pressure exerted by the weight of the lifting platform on the ground, sewers, drains, manholes, gas pipes and self-service
Incoming water pipes, etc. may be damaged, or even collapse, causing the lifting platform to become unstable or tip over.
f) Weather conditions. Heavy rain, continuous rain or melting frozen soil can change ground conditions and may cause the legs or wheels of the lifting platform to fall
It is necessary to check the levelness of the lifting platform regularly and make appropriate adjustments to its outriggers and pads.
6.9 Isolation measures from other operating vehicles
When using a lifting platform, the job site should be the subject of risk assessment. If the vehicle is running close to the lifting platform,
Take measures to isolate the lifting platform from other vehicles. These measures may be general rules applied to highways (see 6.5) or adapted to the local environment
The measures include the use of roadblocks, signs, route changes and traffic management measures.
6.10 Use near airports/airports
In the area beyond the obstacle limit surface of the airport, 10km on each side of the center line of the airport runway, and 20km outside the end of the runway, higher than
Objects 30m above the original ground and 150m above the airport elevation are regarded as obstacles. The lifting platform should consult the airport before working in this area/
The manager of the airport and obtain permission. The total height of the lifting platform may be restricted, and it should be marked and marked according to the regulations of MH5001.
illumination.
6.11 Use of shipboard lifting platform
The lifting platform of the ship-borne lifting platform and the ship shall be evaluated, tested and comprehensively inspected. When installing and using the shipboard lifting platform,
Consult with experienced and qualified personnel.
In the case of rated load and overload, the information about the allowable inclination and freeboard value of the ship-borne lifting platform should be based on the design lift.
Professionals or authoritative organizations with experience in the stability of platforms and ships on the water. In addition, the lifting platform should be obtained from the lifting platform manufacturer.
When the platform is on a barge or flat-bottomed ship, the lifting platform can reduce the load from the shore and run distance data. When any part of a barge or punt
At the maximum inclination, any excessive load in the applicable structure should be minimized.
The lifting platform should be safely connected to the watercraft. The design of accessories should take into account all the possible encounters when using and moving the lifting platform.
There are loads and forces.
The load limiting device of the lifting platform should be checked to determine whether the rated load decreases and increases on the load radius caused by the tilt of the boat.
Already taken into account.
6.12 Leaving the work platform from a height
The lifting platform cannot be used to transfer personnel or leave the work platform from a height. If you need to leave the work platform from a height,
Risk assessment is added to the plan (see 5.2 and Chapter 9). The result of the risk assessment should be the safest and most effective way to enter a specific location.
Consider the availability of other nearby equipment on site. The risk assessment should consider the following factors.
a) Falling of personnel, tools and materials during the transfer from the working platform to the structure;
b) Sudden movement of the whole machine or working platform;
c) The additional load applied to the lifting platform with no load-bearing capacity may affect the stability of the whole machine or overload the lifting platform;
d) The dynamic load and impact load of the seat belt;
e) Damage to the lifting platform or structures caused by the accidental movement of the lifting platform;
f) People stay in high places;
g) Use extension base plates, doors and double safety ropes, etc.;
h) Maintenance and replacement of seat belts when personnel are on structures.
After assessing the risk, measures should be taken to reduce the risk to an acceptable level, and corresponding methods should be established to implement the safety work system to
Bit. If, for any reason, sufficient measures cannot be taken to reduce the overall risk of the operation to an acceptable level, the operation should not be carried out.
6.13 Modification of the lifting platform
Any modification or addition to the lifting platform should first consult the manufacturer and obtain written permission from him.
6.14 Use in hazardous environments
Lifting platforms designed for use in hazardous environments, including the use of personal protective equipment or modification of the lifting platform (e.g.
Accessories or inherent safety equipment), you need to consult professional institutions or experts. If the lifting platform is used in a flammable and explosive environment,
The person in charge of the site consulted on the selection of the type of lifting platform.
6.15 Lifting platform to work alone
When the lifting platform is working, it is advisable to equip ground safety personnel. If it is not satisfied, the special hazards of the lifting platform alone should be considered, and
Incorporate risk assessment into the planning process. In the event of a failure of the lifting platform, entanglement of the working platform, or trauma that requires emergency treatment, it should be specially
Don't pay attention to the rescue of personnel on the working platform.
6.16 Use in thunder and lightning weather
In case of thunder and lightning when working on the lifting platform, especially in the open area away from high-rise buildings and tall trees, the lifting platform should be stored
Well, if possible, it should be driven out of the lightning area.
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