|
US$334.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email.
GB/T 28164-2011: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application
Status: Valid
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Standard Title (Description) | Status | PDF |
| GB/T 28164-2011 | English | 334 |
Add to Cart
|
3 days [Need to translate]
|
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application
| Valid |
GB/T 28164-2011
|
PDF similar to GB/T 28164-2011
Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 28164-2011 (GB/T28164-2011) | | Description (Translated English) | Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K82 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.220.01 | | Word Count Estimation | 17,182 | | Date of Issue | 2011-12-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2012-07-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 2900.41-2008; GB/T 22084.1-2008; GB/T 22084.2-2008; IEC 60051-1; IEC 60051-2; IEC 60051-3; IEC 60051-4; IEC 60051-5; IEC 60051-6; IEC 60051-7; IEC 60051-8; IEC 60051-9; IEC 60485; IEC 61438; IEC 61960-2003; ISO/IEC GUIDE 51 | | Adopted Standard | IEC 62133-2002, IDT | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 23 of 2011 | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This standard specifies the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions, containing alkaline or other non- acid electrolytes Portable sealed and batteries (excluding button cell) requirements for safe operation and testing. | GB/T 28164-2011: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application
ICS 29.220.01
K82
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes and
Portable sealed batteries and
Safety requirements for battery packs
(IEC 62133.2002, IDT)
Released on.2011-12-30
2012-07-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
Issued by China National Standardization Administration
Table of contents
Preface Ⅲ
1 General 1
1.1 Scope 1
1.2 Normative references 1
1.3 Terms and definitions 1
1.4 Parameter measurement tolerance 2
2 General requirements for safety 3
2.1 Insulation and wiring 3
2.2 Discouragement 3
2.3 Temperature/Current Management 3
2.4 Extreme contacts 3
2.5 Assembly of the battery pack 4
2.6 Quality Plan 4
3 Type test conditions 4
4 Specific requirements and tests 5
4.1 Charging method 5
4.2 Intended use 5
4.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse test 6
5 Safety information 9
6 Sign 9
6.1 Single battery mark 9
6.2 Battery pack mark 9
6.3 Other information 9
7 Packaging 10
Appendix A (informative appendix) Recommendations for equipment manufacturers and battery pack manufacturers 11
Appendix B (informative appendix) Recommendations for end users 12
Reference 13
Batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes and
Portable sealed batteries and
Safety requirements for battery packs
1 General
1.1 Scope
This standard stipulates that under the expected use and reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions, portable batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
Requirements and tests for safe operation of sealed batteries and battery packs (excluding button cells).
1.4 Parameter measurement tolerance
Relative to the specified value or actual value, the accuracy of all control values or measured values should be within the following tolerance range.
a) Voltage. ±1%;
b) Current. ±1%;
c) Temperature. ±2℃;
d) Time. ±0.1%;
e) Size. ±1%;
f) Capacity. ±1%.
The above tolerance includes the accuracy of the measuring instrument used, the test method used, and all other errors introduced during the test.
Refer to IEC 60051 (all parts) for selection of analog instruments, and IEC 60485 for selection of digital instruments. At the end of any record
The results report should provide detailed information on the test equipment used.
2 General requirements for safety
The safety of batteries and battery packs is considered from two application conditions.
a) Intended use;
b) Reasonably foreseeable misuse.
The design and structure of batteries and battery packs should meet safety requirements under expected use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. battery
Or the battery pack can withstand the misuse that makes it invalid, and should not cause obvious harm. Batteries and battery packs should be subjected to expected use
It not only ensures safety, but also maintains continuous effectiveness in all aspects of performance.
The potential hazards involved in this standard refer to.
a) Fire;
b) burst/explosion;
c) Leakage of battery electrolyte;
d) Discouraged;
e) Burning due to excessive external temperature;
f) The battery pack shell is cracked to expose the internal composition.
Pass the test in Chapter 4 to check the consistency with 2.1 to 2.6, and meet the cited standards (see 1.2).
2.1 Insulation and wiring
The insulation resistance between the positive terminal and the non-electrically exposed external metal surface of the battery pack should not be less than 5MΩ at DC 500V.
The internal wiring and its insulation characteristics should be sufficient to withstand the highest expected current, voltage and temperature. The internal wiring position should have enough space
The current path should be kept between the two poles. The mechanical integrity of the internal connections should be sufficient to accommodate reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions.
2.2 Discouraged
A pressure reducing device should be added to the battery pack casing and the single cell, or a pressure reducing device should be added to reduce the excessive internal pressure to a certain value or a certain level.
Structure to prevent rupture, explosion and spontaneous combustion. If the packaging of the battery wraps the battery in it, then this packaging and packaging method is neither
Causes the battery pack to overheat during normal operation, and does not affect the pressure release.
2.3 Temperature/current management
The design of the battery pack should prevent abnormal temperature rise.
Note. If necessary, take measures to limit the current to a safe level during the charging and discharging process.
2.4 Extreme contacts
There should be clear polarity marks on the extreme ends of the battery pack casing. The size and shape of the extreme contacts should ensure that they can withstand the maximum
Expected current. The extremely exposed contact surface should be made of conductive material with high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The distribution of extreme contacts should be as short as possible
The danger of the road.
2.5 Assembly of the battery pack
The single cells used to assemble the battery pack should have matching capacity, the same design, the same chemical system, and come from the same manufacturing system.
Manufacturer. For battery packs that can perform multiple output discharges for single cells in series, they should form separate circuits to prevent non-uniform discharge.
The single battery is reversed.
2.6 Quality plan
The manufacturer should develop a quality plan that specifies the inspection procedures for raw materials, components, single cells and battery packs, and covers each model
The whole production process of batteries and battery packs.
3 Type test conditions
The number of single cells and battery packs required for the test is shown in Table 1.The manufacturing period of the single cells and battery packs used in the test should not exceed
3 months. Unless otherwise specified, the test should be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20°C ± 5°C.
Note. The test conditions only apply to type tests, and do not mean that the intended use should be carried out under such conditions. Again, the 3 month limit is for consistency
The introduction of considerations does not mean that the safety of the battery pack will decline after 3 months.
4 Specific requirements and tests
4.1 Charging method
Unless otherwise specified in this standard, charging should be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20°C ± 5°C using the method specified by the manufacturer.
Before charging, the battery pack should be discharged to the specified end voltage at a constant current of 0.2 ItA at 20°C ± 5°C.
Warning. These test methods may cause injury if adequate precautions are not taken. These trials must be qualified and experienced
The technicians are under adequate protection measures.
4.2 Intended use
4.2.1 Continuous low rate charging
a) Requirements
Charging should not cause fire and explosion.
b) Test
A fully charged single battery is continuously charged for 28 days at the current specified by the manufacturer.
c) Acceptance standards
• Nickel series batteries. no fire, no explosion.
• Lithium battery. no fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.2.2 Vibration
a) Requirements
There should be no leakage, fire and explosion when subjected to vibration during transportation.
b) Test
The fully charged battery and battery pack are subjected to the vibration test according to the conditions and sequence in Table 2.The amplitude of the battery or battery pack is
0.76mm (1.52mm double amplitude) sinusoidal vibration. The vibration frequency range is 10Hz~55Hz, and the frequency change rate is 1Hz/min. From
10Hz~55Hz and then return to 10Hz, the vibration time of each installation position (vibration direction) is 90min±5min. Vibration test press
The following sequence is performed in three mutually perpendicular directions.
Step 1---Measure the voltage to confirm that the sample under test is in a charged state.
Step 2~Step 4—Perform the vibration test in accordance with Table 2.
Step 5-Leave it on for 1h, and then perform visual inspection.
c) Acceptance criteria. no fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.2.3 The ability of the molded shell to withstand high temperatures
a) Requirements
The internal composition of the battery pack should not be exposed when used at high temperatures.
b) Test
The fully charged battery pack is placed in a suitable high-temperature environment to evaluate the ability of the battery pack housing to remain intact. Put the battery pack in
Put it aside for 7h in a blast thermostat at 70℃±2℃, then take out the battery pack and return to room temperature.
c) Acceptance standards
The battery pack casing should not undergo physical deformation that would expose the internal components.
4.2.4 Temperature cycle
a) Requirements
Exposing the battery or battery pack to low temperature and high temperature repeatedly should not cause fire and explosion.
b) Perform the test according to the following steps and the curve in Figure 1.
A fully charged battery or battery pack is subjected to temperature cycling (-20℃, 75℃) in a forced ventilation room according to the following steps.
Step 1.Leave the battery or battery pack at 75℃±2℃ for 4h;
Step 2.Change the ambient temperature to 20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for at least 2h;
Step 3.Change the ambient temperature to -20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for 4h;
Step 4.Change the ambient temperature to 20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for at least 2h;
Step 5.Repeat steps 1~4 4 times in a row;
Step 6.After the fifth cycle, put the battery or battery pack aside for 7d for testing.
Note. This test can be carried out in a thermostat or 3 thermostats with different test temperatures.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse test
4.3.1 Wrong installation of a single battery (only applicable to nickel series batteries)
a) Requirements
When the battery is used in combination, the wrong installation of a single battery should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
This test evaluates the safety of a fully charged single battery when it is installed incorrectly. Four fully charged batteries of the same brand, model, size and
The single batteries used for time are connected in series, and one battery is installed in reverse polarity. Connect the above combination to a 1Ω resistor until the bleed valve opens
Or the reversed battery temperature returns to the ambient temperature. In addition, the regulated power supply can also be used to simulate the forced discharge of the reversed battery.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion.
4.3.2 External short circuit
a) Requirements
Short circuit between the positive and negative terminals should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
Two sets of fully charged batteries or battery packs are placed in an ambient temperature of 20℃±5℃ and 55℃±5℃ respectively. Use external total resistance
A resistance not higher than 100mΩ will short-circuit each battery or battery pack. The test can be stopped when any of the following conditions are met. battery or battery pack
The short-circuit lasted for 24h; the temperature of the casing dropped by 20% of the highest temperature rise (this condition is faster).
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion.
4.3.3 Free fall
a) Requirements
A battery or battery pack falling (for example, from a bench) should not cause a fire or explosion.
b) Test
Drop a fully charged battery or battery pack three times from a height of 1.0m onto the concrete floor to get a random direction
The impact.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion.
4.3.4 Mechanical shock (collision hazard)
a) Requirements
The shock encountered during carrying or transportation should not cause fire, explosion or leakage.
b) Test
A fully charged battery or battery pack adopts a rigid fixing method (this method can support all the fixed surfaces of the battery or battery pack) to fix it on
On the test equipment. Withstand an equivalent impact in each of the three mutually perpendicular directions. At least one direction is perpendicular to the battery or battery
Set of fettuccine.
Each impact is carried out in the following method. within the first 3ms, the minimum average acceleration is 75gn, and the peak acceleration should be between 125gn and
Between 175gn, the test environment temperature is 20℃±5℃.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.3.5 Heat abuse
a) Requirements
High temperatures should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
Put the fully charged battery in a thermostat with natural or circulating air convection after stable at room temperature. Incubator with
The temperature is increased to 130°C±2°C at a rate of 5°C/min±2°C/min. Keep this temperature and stop the test after 10 minutes.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
4.3.6 Battery squeeze
a) Requirements
Single cells subjected to severe compression (for example, processing in a waste crusher) should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
A fully charged battery is squeezed between two planes. A squeezing force of 13kN±1kN is applied by the hydraulic cylinder. Squeeze to cause
Destructive consequences. Once the squeezing force reaches the maximum or the battery voltage drops sharply by one-third of the initial voltage, stop squeezing.
Cylindrical and prismatic batteries should be subjected to the extrusion test so that their long axis direction should be parallel to the extrusion plane. To make the square battery two wide and narrow
The surfaces are squeezed and two sets of batteries should be used. The second set of batteries should be rotated 90° around the long axis in the above test for compression test.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
4.3.7 Low air pressure
a) Requirements
Low air pressure (for example, during air transport) should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
At an ambient temperature of 20℃±5℃, the fully charged battery is placed in a vacuum box. After the vacuum box is sealed, gradually reduce its internal pressure
The force is not higher than 11.6kPa (simulated altitude is 15240m) and kept for 6h.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire, no explosion, no leakage.
4.3.8 Nickel series battery overcharge
a) Requirements
Charging with current and time greater than the manufacturer's specified should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
Charge the discharged battery or battery pack at 2.5 times the recommended charging current, and charge it with 250% of the rated capacity
Power.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
4.3.9 Overcharge of lithium battery
a) Requirements
Charging for longer than the charging time specified by the manufacturer should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
The battery is discharged according to IEC 61960.2003, and then charged with a power supply not less than 10V at the charging current Irec recommended by the manufacturer
Electricity 2.5C5/Irech.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
4.3.10 Forced discharge
a) Requirements
The battery in the combination should not cause fire or explosion when subjected to reverse polarity.
b) Test
The discharged battery was reversely charged at 1 ItA for 90 minutes.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
4.3.11 Battery charging protection against high charging rate (applicable to lithium battery)
a) Requirements
When the charger fails or the current distribution in the parallel battery pack is uneven, the battery should not cause fire or explosion.
b) Test
The battery is discharged according to IEC 61960.2003, and then charged at 3 times the charging current recommended by the manufacturer until the battery is fully charged or
A safety device cuts off the charging current before the battery is fully charged.
c) Acceptance standards
No fire or explosion.
5 Safety information
The use and abuse of portable sealed batteries and battery packs containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes may lead to danger or cause
It hurts. Manufacturers of batteries and battery packs should ensure that relevant information is provided to equipment manufacturers and end users (for distributors)
Reduce or minimize the above risks. The equipment manufacturer is responsible for notifying the end user of the possibility of using equipment containing batteries or battery packs.
Cause danger.
For guidance on potential hazards, see IEC 61438, and recommendations on safe use (incomplete) in Appendix A and Appendix B.
Compliance with the above requirements shall be checked according to the provisions in the manufacturer's documents.
6 signs
6.1 Single battery mark
The single battery shall be marked in accordance with the provisions of the following applicable standards. GB/T 22084.1-2008, GB/T 22084.2-2008
Or IEC 61960.2003.
Note. If the manufacturer and the user reach an agreement, the single battery used in the assembled battery pack may not be marked.
Check compliance with the above requirements.
6.2 Battery pack logo
The single cells that make up the battery pack shall be identified in accordance with the provisions in 6.1.The battery pack should have an appropriate warning statement.
Check compliance with the above requirements.
6.3 Other information
The battery pack should identify or provide the following information.
• Handling instructions;
• Recommended charging instructions.
Compliance with the above requirements shall be checked according to the regulations in the mark and manufacturer's documents.
7 Packaging
The packaging should be able to avoid mechanical damage during transportation, carrying and stacking. Packaging materials and design should be able to avoid accidental conductive products
The ingress of moisture, extreme corrosion and moisture.
Appendix A
(Informative appendix)
Recommendations for equipment manufacturers and battery pack manufacturers
The following are typical but not complete recommendations for equipment and battery pack manufacturers provided by battery and battery pack manufacturers.
a) It is forbidden to disassemble, open or shred the battery. The battery pack can only be removed by professionals. A battery pack composed of multiple batteries, the shell
It should be designed to be opened with the help of tools.
b) It is forbidden to short-circuit the battery or battery pack. Do not put multiple batteries or battery packs in boxes or drawers to avoid them
Short-circuit each other or short-circuit by other conductive materials.
c) Do not remove the batteries or battery packs from their original packaging before use.
d) It is forbidden to expose the battery or battery pack to heat or flame. Avoid storing in direct sunlight.
e) It is prohibited to subject the battery or battery pack to mechanical shock.
f) Once the battery leaks, do not directly contact the skin or eyes with the leaked liquid. If contact occurs, rinse the connection with plenty of clean water
Touch the site and seek medical attention promptly.
g) Electrical equipment should be designed to avoid incorrect installation of batteries or battery packs, and have obvious polarity marks. Always pay attention to battery, electricity
Polarity signs on the pool and equipment to ensure correct use.
h) Do not mix batteries of different manufacturers, capacities, sizes or models to form a battery pack.
i) Seek medical attention immediately if the battery or battery pack is swallowed.
j) The maximum number of single cells in the battery pack and the safe connection method should be negotiated with the battery/battery pack manufacturer.
k) Each device should be equipped with a dedicated charger. All batteries and battery packs should be sold with complete charging instructions.
l) Keep the battery and battery pack clean and dry.
m) If the extremes of the battery or battery pack become dirty, wipe it with a clean and dry cloth.
n) The accumulator and battery pack should be charged before use. When charging, refer to the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the battery or battery pack and
Use the correct charging method.
o) Do not charge the battery or battery pack for a long time when not in use.
p) After long-term storage, the battery or battery pack needs to be charged and discharged multiple times to obtain the best performance.
q) The battery and battery pack have the best performance under normal temperature.
r) Keep the original instructions of the battery and battery pack for future reference.
s) When handling batteries or battery packs, keep the cells or battery packs of different electrochemical systems isolated from each other.
Appendix B
(Informative appendix)
Recommendations for end users
The following are typical but incomplete usage recommendations provided by equipment manufacturers to end users.
a) It is forbidden to disassemble, open or shred batteries or battery packs.
b) It is forbidden to expose the battery or battery pack to heat or flame. Avoid storing in direct sunlight.
c) It is forbidden to short-circuit the battery or battery pack. Do not put multiple batteries or battery packs in boxes or drawers to avoid them
Short-circuit each other or short-circuit by other metal objects.
d) Do not remove the batteries or battery packs from their original packaging before use.
e) It is prohibited to subject the battery or battery pack to mechanical shock.
f) Once the battery leaks, do not directly contact the skin or eyes with the leaked liquid. If contact occurs, flush the contact with plenty of water
And seek medical attention in time.
g) Do not use chargers that are not dedicated to equipment.
h) Pay attention to the () and (-) signs on the battery, battery pack and equipment to ensure correct use.
i) Do not use batteries or battery packs that are not dedicated to equipment.
j) Do not mix batteries of different manufacturers, capacities, sizes or models in the device.
k) Keep batteries and battery packs away from children.
l) Seek medical attention immediately if the battery or battery pack is swallowed.
m) Purchase a suitable battery or battery pack for the device.
n) Keep the battery and battery pack clean and dry.
o) If the extremes of the battery or battery pack become dirty, wipe it with a clean and dry cloth.
p) The accumulator and battery pack should be charged before use. When charging, use the correct charger and refer to the manufacturer’s instructions or
The correct instructions for charging in the device manual.
q) Do not charge the battery pack for a long time when not in use.
r) After long-term storage, the battery or battery pack needs to be charged and discharged several times to obtain the best performance.
s) The performance of batteries and battery packs is the best when used at room temperature (20℃±5℃).
t) Keep the original product manual for future reference.
u) Use the battery or battery pack only for the intended purpose.
v) Take out the battery pack as much as possible when not in use.
w) Dispose of batteries or battery packs properly.
Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 28164-2011_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 28164-2011_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time. Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 28164-2011_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 28164-2011_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet. Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. Our tax invoice, downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, includes all tax/VAT and complies with 100+ countries' tax regulations (tax exempted in 100+ countries) -- See Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): List of DTAs signed between Singapore and 100+ countriesQuestion 4: Do you accept my currency other than USD?Answer: Yes. If you need your currency to be printed on the invoice, please write an email to [email protected]. In 2 working-hours, we will create a special link for you to pay in any currencies. Otherwise, follow the normal steps: Add to Cart -- Checkout -- Select your currency to pay.
|