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GB 28241-2012: Hydraulic presses -- Safety requirements
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Hydraulic presses -- Safety requirements
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB 28241-2012 (GB28241-2012) |
| Description (Translated English) | Hydraulic presses -- Safety requirements |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | J62 |
| Classification of International Standard | 25.120.10 |
| Word Count Estimation | 37,336 |
| Quoted Standard | GB/T 1251.2; GB/T 2893.2; GB 2894; GB/T 3766-2001; GB 4584; GB 5226.1-2008; GB/T 7932-2003; GB/T 8196-2003; GB 12265.3-1997; GB/T 15706.1-2007; GB/T 15706.2-2007; GB 16754-2008; GB/T 16855.1-2008; GB/T 16856.1; GB 17120; GB 17888.1; GB 17888.2; GB 17888.3 |
| Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 1 of 2012 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China |
| Summary | This Chinese standard specifies the metal cold hydraulic machine design, manufacture and use of safety requirements and measures. This standard applies to metal cold hydraulic machines and other sheet metal processing (such as cardboard, plastic, rubber a |
GB 28241-2012: Hydraulic presses -- Safety requirements
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Hydraulic presses.Safety requirements
ICS 25.120.10
J62
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Hydraulic Safety requirements
Issued on. 2012-03-09
2013-01-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 2
4 5 Risk Assessment
5 Safety requirements and measures 6
6 safety inspection requirements and/or measures 18
7 information 24
Appendix A (normative) to calculate the minimum safety distance of 26
Response time Appendix B (normative) hydraulic system 28
Closed mold Annex C (informative) hydraulic machine 29
Interlock Annex D (informative) associated with the protective device 30
Annex E (informative) photoelectric protection device 32
Annex F (informative) Measurement stop time of the device connected to 33
Foreword
The standard Chapter 3, Chapter 4, Appendix C, Appendix D, Annex E and Annex F are recommended, the rest are mandatory.
This standard was drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules.
The standard proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard by the National Forging Machinery Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC220) centralized.
This standard was drafted. Hefei Metalforming Machine Co., Ltd., Jinan Foundry and Metalforming Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin days forging presses have
Ltd., Jiangsu strength Forging Machine Co., Ltd. Huzhou Machine Tool Plant, Chongqing Jiangdong mechanical limited liability company.
The main drafters of this standard. Gui flash, Ma Liqiang Wang Yushan Sen, Luo Guilin, Zheng Jianhua, Evenness Chen Jie, Chen take the hair.
Hydraulic Safety requirements
1 Scope
This standard specifies the cold metal hydraulic machine design, manufacture and use of technical safety requirements and measures.
This standard applies to cold metal hydraulic machines and other sheet metal processing (such as cardboard, plastic, rubber and leather) and metal powder solution
Press, is also applicable to an auxiliary device connected to the hydraulic machine. This standard does not apply to the following uses of the machines.
a) sheet metal cutting, such as shears;
b) the fastening, connection, such as riveting;
c) bending or bending, such as bending machine, bending machine;
d) alignment or calibration, such as manual hydraulic straightening machine;
e) mobile or turret punch, such as turret presses, moving ram press or mobile press;
f) extrusion, such as horizontal profile extrusion machine;
g) forging hammer, forging press freedom;
h) the specific metal powder molding, such as ultra-high pressure and other hydrostatic machine;
i) only punching design of the machine, such as structural parts industry punching machine.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 1251.2 Ergonomics - Visual danger signals - General requirements, design and testing (ISO 11428)
GB/T 2893.2 Graphical symbols - Safety colors and safety signs - Part 2. Design principles for product safety labels (ISO 3864-2)
GB 2894 Safety Signs and use guidelines
GB/T 3766-2001 Hydraulic System General technical conditions (ISO 4413.1998)
GB 4584 presses photoelectric protection device technology
GB 5226.1-2008 Safety of machinery - Electrical machinery and electrical equipment - Part 1. General requirements (IEC 60204-1.2005)
GB/T 7932-2003 Pneumatic system General technical conditions (ISO 4414.1998)
GB/T 8196-2003 mechanical safety devices fixed and movable guards General requirements for the design and manufacture
(ISO 14120.2002)
GB 12265.3-1997 Safety of machinery to avoid crushing of parts of the human body minimum spacing (EN349.1993)
GB/T 15706.1-2007 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1. Basic terminology, methodology
(ISO 12100-1.2003)
GB/T 15706.2-2007 Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2. Technical principles (ISO 12100-2.
2003)
GB 16754-2008 Safety of machinery - Emergency stop design principles (ISO 13850.2006)
GB/T 16855.1-2008 Safety of machinery - Safety-related control system components - Part 1. General principles for design (ISO 13849-1.
2006)
GB/T 16856.1 Safety of machinery - Risk assessment - Part 1. Principles (ISO 14121-1)
GB 17120 Metalforming machinery - Safety requirements
GB 17888.1 Safety of machinery stationary facilities - Part 1. Choice of fixed means of access between two planes
(ISO 14122-1)
GB 17888.2 Safety of machinery stationary facilities - Part 2. Working platforms and channels (ISO 14122-2)
GB 17888.3 Safety of machinery stationary facilities - Part 3. Stairs, steps and guardrails (ISO 14122-3)
GB 17888.4 Safety of machinery stationary facilities - Part 4. Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4)
GB/T 18153 Safety of machinery - accessible surface temperature determine the thermal surface temperature limit of Ergonomics data (EN563)
GB 18209.2 Electrical safety of machinery - Indication, marking and operation - Part 2. Requirements for marking (IEC 61310-2)
GB/T 18831-2010 mechanical interlock design belt guard and selection principles (ISO 14119.1998
Amd.1.2007)
GB/T 19671-2005 Safety of machinery - hands control devices - Functional aspects and design principles (ISO 13851.2002)
GB/T 19876-2005 Safety of machinery and parts of the body close to the speed of the positioning of protective equipment (ISO 13855.2002)
GB 23821-2009 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached on the lower limbs (ISO 13857.2008)
JB9967 hydraulic noise limits
3 Terms and Definitions
GB/T 15706.1, and the following terms and definitions GB/T 15706.2 and GB 17120 apply to this document defined.
3.1
Auxiliary device ancilarydevice
And supporting the use of hydraulic or hydraulic integrated devices, such as lubricating device, feeding device and top of the device.
3.2
Automatic cycle cycle-automatic
One mode of operation, start entering the danger zone without manual intervention to complete all sliders continuous motion, intermittent exercise was repeated
action.
3.3
Duty cycle cycle-operating
Slide from the initial position (usually in the upper position) moves to the lower limit position and then back to the starting position (usually in the upper position) movement. Duty cycle
Including all operations during exercise.
3.4
Single cycle cycle-single
One mode of operation, each work cycle of movement of the slider by the operator to start.
3.5
Dead deadcentres
Limit position of the slider. Slider and away from the table nearest point (generally in the closed end of the stroke) called bottom dead center (BDC); slider
Table farthest point (usually in the open end of the stroke) called top dead center (TDC).
3.6
Lower mold die
In a hydraulic press table fixed part of the mold.
3.7
Cushion diecushion
Buffer means for accumulating and releasing or absorbing power, it is generally used for the blanking plate.
3.8
Ahead of the opening interlocking guard earlyopeninginterlockingguard
Guards with interlocking device, working in the danger zone after the end of all the dangerous movement open guard, without interrupting the working cycle.
3.9
Guard locking device guardlockingdevice
When using hazardous machinery functions possible danger that the protective door interlock protection device remains closed and locked position on the machine
Mechanical devices. When the guard is closed and locked the machine to operate, and when the risk has not been eliminated, the guard remains locked.
3.10
Hydraulic hydraulicpress
Mineral oil hydraulic transmission transmission medium, closed transfer of energy through the die linear motion machine for non-metal
Press-working a metallic material (e.g. molded). Energy processed by the hydraulic pressure generated (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).
1 frame hydraulic press Sample (not shown safety devices)
2 single-column hydraulic machine example diagram (not shown safety devices)
3.11
Limited motion control device limitedmovementcontroldevice
Jog means inchingdevice
Its operation can only define the slider or machine parts from the movement control means, the control means before the operation to re-execute the machine unit
Member can further movement.
[GB/T 15706.1-2007, the definition 3.26.9]
3.12
Monitoring monitoring (M)
A security feature if a component (element) is no longer able to exercise its function due to changes in processing conditions or make further worked
Cheng will be dangerous when issuing safety information.
3.13
Inhibition muting
When the machine is in the normal operation of other security conditions, automatically by the control system to temporarily stop one or several safety features.
3.14
The total response time to stop overalresponsetime
Stop system performance overalsystemstoppingperformance
From the excited protective device to the dangerous movement stop or machine reaches the safe state of the elapsed time.
3.15
Parts detecting means partdetector
Detection of machined parts and/or devices machined parts correct position to allow or prevent stroke starts.
3.16
Position switch positionswitch
Control of the machine moving parts arrive or depart a predetermined position switch.
3.17
Redundancy redundancy
Multiple devices or systems, for failure to ensure that all the way, another way to effectively perform the required function.
3.18
Support valve restraintvalve
Preventing the hydraulic slider element falling by its own weight.
3.19
Single stroke function singlestrokefunction
A feature to limit the movement of mold portion actions. Even if the trip starting device (such as a foot switch) is in the operating position, the slider only
You can run an operating cycle (single cycle).
3.20
Slider slide/ram
Complete stroke movement and installation of the main components of the upper die hydraulic press.
3.21
The upper mold tool
Generally refers to the movement of the mold.
3.22
The upper mold protection device toolprotectivedevice
Slide stroke by stopping or preventing the slider starts protective device to prevent mold damage.
3.23
Mold tools
Various models used on the production, generally including upper and lower molds by hydraulic clamping of the workpiece machining.
3.24
Closing the mold tools-closed
Design and manufacture of molds is intrinsically safe (see Figure C.1).
3.25
Move hydraulic machine up-strokingpress
In the mold closed during the slider upward vertical hydraulic press.
3.26
Stop - motion control means hold-to-runcontroldevice
Only when the manual control device (actuating mechanism) action to trigger and maintain control machine functions means running the risk of having.
4 Risk Assessment
List of dangerous 4.1 according to GB/T 16856.1 risk assessment results are shown in Table 1, to remove the danger or reduce security technologies corresponding risks
Use of information measures and hydraulic machines, see Chapter 5, Section 7 and Appendix A ~ Appendix E.
4.2 Risk Assessment assumptions can close a hydraulic press from all directions, including the slider and unexpected stroke risk weight whereabouts. Risk Assessment package
Including the risk of entering the danger zone operators and other personnel produce should take into account all possible dangers in the life of the hydraulic machine.
The evaluation included the control system malfunction or failure analysis of the results.
4.3 standard users, such as designers, manufacturers or suppliers shall GB/T 16856.1 risk assessment, in particular in the following
Several aspects.
--- Maintenance, adjustment of the mold, cleaning and possible misuse of hydraulic machine;
--- Identify important risk associated with the hydraulic machine (see 4.4).
4.4 Based on the risk assessment requirements, the design should take measures to prevent the risk of produce listed in Table 1.
Table 1, the more important risk, and measures to prevent the danger zone
Hazard class hazardous area
Protective measures
(The standards of the relevant clauses)
GB/T 15706.1-2007
Related reg
Mechanical hazards.
---extrusion;
--- Cut;
--- Cut or cut;
--- Winding;
--- Inhaled or involvement
Mould range.
--- Upper and lower between the mold;
--- Move the slider;
--- Move the die pad;
--- Workpiece ejector;
--- Protection zone
5.2,5.3,5.4,5.5,
Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E 4.2.1
Impact, risk of collision
Mobile electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic devices
part;
Electrical and mechanical drive means;
Mechanical feeder device
5.6.1,5.6.2,5.6.3,5.6.4 4.2.1
Splash out dangerous parts of hydraulic machine parts;
Workpiece and die
5.6.5
7.2.2i)
4.2.1
Table 1 (continued)
Hazard class hazardous area
Protective measures
(The standards of the relevant clauses)
GB/T 15706.1-2007
Related reg
High pressure fluid ejection hazard 5.8.3 Hydraulic System 4.2.1
Slips, trips and falls high places;
The floor area around the hydraulic machine
5.7 4.10
Electrical Hazard.
---direct contact;
--- Indirect contact;
--- Heat radiation (burns)
Electrical Equipment;
Part energized electrical fault caused
5.8.1 4.3
Thermal hazards.
--- May cause a contact person burned
Injury or burns
Hydraulic system components 5.8.2 4.4
Noise hazards.
--- Lead to hazardous noise area around the hydraulic hearing impairment
5.8.4 4.5
Danger vibration occurs on Hydraulic machines,
Such as a hydraulic station
5.8.5 4.6
Hazardous materials and substances produced by the machine
Excretion of waste or waste gas hazard.
--- Contact or inhalation of noxious liquid, gas
Body mist, smoke and dust
Hydraulic systems, pneumatic systems and control
Processing materials, toxic
5.8.6 4.8
Ignore Ergonomic machine design
Operative principle danger.
--- Machinery with human characteristics and abilities
Lack of coordination, such as unhealthy working
Posture, or repeated excessive force, etc.
Work operators and maintenance personnel
Location and operating conditions
5.8.7 4.9
5 Safety requirements and measures
5.1 General
Hydraulic machine design, manufacture shall comply with the provisions of GB 17120.
5.2 Basic design requirements
5.2.1 prevent accidental fall slider
5.2.1.1 In the manual/automatic feeding or reclaimer mode of operation should be provided to prevent the slider (gravity than 150N) is intended to produce its own weight
Protective measures falling outside, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4. Due to a failure of the hydraulic system, mechanical and electrical control system will cause the next accident slider
Fall, one of the following measures should be taken to prevent accidental falling sliders.
--- Mechanical support means;
--- Hydraulic support means;
--- Hydraulic and mechanical support device assembly support.
When the operator may enter the danger zone hydraulic press, whenever the slider to stop supporting device should work automatically.
5.2.1.2 Only when the hydraulic support, hydraulic support shall comply with one of the following requirements.
a) support the fuel tank or return cylinder two each with the support valve for each cylinder supporting force can individually support the slider;
b) support two hydraulic valves in series, one of them should be as close to the cylinder oil outlet, connecting support and the support cylinder valve piping should
Flanged or welded pipe header.
5.2.1.3 Hydraulic allowed only when one of the following ways of working with a hydraulic valve or mechanical support means supporting.
--- Fully automatic operation;
--- Using a closed mold;
--- Using fixed guards;
--- Slow approach speed and stop - motion control device.
5.2.1.4 Automatic hydraulic machine should have a proper role to play in supporting inspection system. The support failure, slider has allowed pressure stroke direction
Action (see Figure D.1).
5.2.1.5 prevent accidents stroke of the control system requirements, see 5.4.1.2 and 5.4.1.3.
5.2.2 Maintenance of the slider to prevent falling
5.2.2.1 during maintenance or other needs of the human body to enter between the slider and the table should be set to prevent the slider (gravity than 150N)
Unexpected drop support means or slider locking device, which should hydraulic control system interlock.
5.2.2.2 In the table stroke exceeds 500mm and 800mm depth of more than a hydraulic machine on the support means should be connected in a hydraulic press
on. If the position is difficult to observe from an operator to the support means or slider locking device action case, it should be clearly set at the device
Additional indication means in working condition, such as lights.
5.2.2.3 When the maintenance of the main protective device for a hydraulic machine is removed, it should provide support device can be placed manually in order to provide protection.
5.2.3 General requirements for hydraulic and pneumatic systems
5.2.3.1 design hydraulic and pneumatic systems should comply with GB T 3766 and GB/T requirements/7932's.
5.2.3.2 should be equipped with filters, pressure regulators and low oil cut-off device, such as a shut-off valve.
5.2.3.3 should be equipped with the working pressure is maintained in the normal range of devices, such as a safety relief valve.
5.2.3.4 In the case does not affect the visibility, transparency instruments (such as glass, plastic) shall be protected to avoid flying debris after the rupture
Wounding.
5.2.3.5 All pipes, pipe fittings, tanks, etc. should be removed channel or system damage caused by burrs or impurities.
5.2.3.6 precautions should be taken to avoid damage to pipes caused by thermal expansion of. Rigid piping shall be securely supported to avoid liquid pressure change
When the cause of vibration and displacement. Twist the hose should be prevented to avoid conveying the liquid trapped oil phenomenon.
5.2.3.7 rapid pressure drop can cause unexpected danger slider movement, the site does not allow the use of breakable pipe connections (such as soft
Tube and ferrule connectors). The connection between the tubes should be used in low pressure loss of connection.
5.2.3.8 operated valve (eg a manual valve) can not rely on connecting pipe support.
5.2.3.9 Control valves and other control elements (such as a pressure regulator and pressure gauge) should be installed in easily accessible and prevent damage to the position.
Action 5.2.3.10 manual valve or a mechanical valve (as opposed to motorized control valve) recovery should be flexible and reliable, for example, when the operating member relief valve
, The valve automatically returns to a safe location, see 5.4.7.
5.2.4 Hydraulic System
Branch 5.2.4.1 control slider whereabouts cylinder all the supporting slide hydraulic oil should be via a master valve or with redundancy and monitoring systems
Outflow.
5.2.4.2 When the means for generating pressure to stop working (such as the main pump motor to stop working), part of the hydraulic circuit comprising an accumulator such that the liquid
Automatic pressure drop, reservoir energy allowed the slider generate further action. If not, the circuit should be equipped with a manual pressure relief valves
And comply with other relevant provisions of the accumulator means required (such as safety valves and pressure gauges, etc.), and should be labeled with a clear danger sign.
When 5.2.4.3 hydraulic circuit pressure using safety pressure valve protection, you should use the tool to change the safety pressure valve set pressure
Force, the set value can not exceed 10% of the maximum working pressure.
5.2.4.4 Measures should be taken to prevent damage to the cylinder under pressure surge chamber to prevent overpressure safety valve should be straight-acting, adjusting
After it should be locked to prevent unauthorized adjustment. This safety valve set pressure of at least 1.1 times the maximum working pressure of the premises. The cylinder should be able to
Withstand the pressure relief valve set. Safety valve spring should be the guide, the safety valve is adjusted to set the pressure after the interval spring two windings between should
Smaller than the wire diameter.
5.2.5 pneumatic system
5.2.5.1 pneumatic control system of valves and other moving parts require lubrication should be provided at the lubricating device, imported oil.
Installation and use 5.2.5.2 muffler device shall comply with the manufacturer of its use in security systems, and can not affect safety
Features.
5.2.5.3 should be equipped with a water separator.
5.2.6 Electrical System
5.2.6.1 electrical system shall comply with the provisions of GB 5226.1.
5.2.6.2 Hydraulic machine designer should consider whether there is power supply, limit the physical environment and working conditions in some parts if different from
GB 4.3 and 4.4 of the regulations 5226.1-2008, if there does not comply with the relevant elements shall require manufacturers and choices.
5.2.6.3 emergency stop function should belong to category 0 safety stop (see 5.4.6.2 and in GB 5226.1-2008 9.2.5.4).
Single cycle mode of production 5.2.6.4 hands manipulation device suitable for manual feed or reclaimer, see 5.3.16 and Table 2; mold adjustment, maintenance
Hands controls and lubrication requirements, see 5.5.7.
Degree of protection 5.2.6.5 operator interface and suspended from the hydraulic control device shall be at least IP43.
5.2.6.6 control device housing protection rating of at least IP43.
5.2.6.7 In addition to neutral and protective lines, select the wire or cable shall comply with the provisions of GB 5226.1-2008 ...
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