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GB 24462-2009: General safety requirements for civilian used primary battery
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General safety requirements for civilian used primary battery
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GB 24462-2009
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 24462-2009 (GB24462-2009) | | Description (Translated English) | General safety requirements for civilian used primary battery | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K82 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.220.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 20,247 | | Date of Issue | 2009-10-15 | | Date of Implementation | 2010-12-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 8897.2-2008; GB/T 8897.3; GB 8897.4; GB 8897.5 | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 11 of 2009 (No. 151 overall) | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard specifies the classification of civilian primary batteries, safety performance requirements, signs, civilian primary batteries to buy, use, replacement and treatment guidelines, with the battery compartment electrical safety design guidelines. This standard applies to all kinds of civilian aqueous electrolyte primary batteries (alkaline and non- alkaline zinc manganese dioxide petrol, zinc silver oxide batteries, zinc Town oxyhydroxide batteries, alkaline and neutral zinc air battery) and a variety of lithium primary batteries (lithium carbon fluoride batteries, lithium manganese dioxide batteries, lithium thionyl chloride batteries, lithium iron disulfide batteries, carp sulfur dioxide and lithium copper oxide battery, etc.) production and testing and acceptance. This standard is the safe use and handling of the original battery to provide guidance, designer of electrical equipment designed battery compartment to provide guidance. | GB 24462-2009: General safety requirements for civilian used primary battery---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
General safety requirements for civilian used primary battery
ICS 29.220.10
K82
National Standards of People's Republic of China
General requirements for safety of civilian primary battery
Posted 2009-10-15
2010-12-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions
4 primary battery category 2
5 Civil original battery safety performance requirements of 2
6 Flag 2
Optional 7 civilian primary battery, use, replacement and disposal Guide 2
8 Electrical safety design with battery compartment 4
Appendix A (informative) appliances with battery compartment Design Guide 6
Annex B (informative) lithium batteries as a power source for electric appliances designer Guide 15
Foreword
The standard Chapter 5, Chapter 6, are mandatory, the rest are recommended.
The Standard Appendix A and Appendix B is an informative annex.
The standard proposed by China National Light Industry Council.
This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee primary cell (SAC/TC176) centralized.
Drafting of this standard. National Light Industry Quality Supervision and Testing Center of the battery, BOC (Ningbo) Battery Co., Ltd., Fujian Nanping
Fu Battery Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Tiger Head Battery Group Co., Ltd., Wujiang Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Sichuan Changhong New Energy Technology Co.,
Division, Jiaxing Heng Wei Battery Co., Ltd. Battery Co., Ltd. Jiashan River.
The main drafters of this standard. Linpei Yun, Kang Xin dry, Huang Xingping, Liu Xu, Song Yang, Wang Shengbing, Wang Hai, a law forever.
General requirements for safety of civilian primary battery
1 Scope
This standard specifies the civilian primary battery classification, security, performance requirements, marking, civilian primary batteries to buy, use, replacement and disposal guidelines, electricity
Battery compartment safety design guidelines appliances.
This standard applies to all types of civil-aqueous electrolyte primary batteries (alkaline and non-alkaline zinc - manganese dioxide batteries, zinc - silver oxide batteries,
Zinc - nickel oxyhydroxide batteries, alkaline and neutral zinc - air batteries) and a variety of primary lithium batteries (lithium - carbon fluoride batteries, lithium - manganese dioxide battery,
Lithium - thionyl chloride batteries, lithium - iron disulfide batteries, lithium - sulfur dioxide and lithium - copper oxide battery, etc.) production, testing and acceptance.
This standard provides guidance for the safe use and handling of primary batteries; provide guidance for the design of electrical equipment designers battery compartment.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this standard and become the standard terms. For dated references, subsequent
Amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to the agreement are based on research
Whether the latest versions of these documents. For undated reference documents, the latest versions apply to this standard.
GB/T 8897.2-2008 Primary batteries - Part 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements
GB/T 8897.3 Primary batteries - Part 3. Watch batteries
GB 8897.4 Primary batteries - Part 4. Safety requirements for lithium batteries
GB 8897.5 Primary batteries - Part 5. Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
By not charging design directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy supply basic functional unit. By the electrodes, the electrolyte, container, poles
End, and usually the isolation layer.
3.2
Equipped with use of the device (such as housing, extreme, signs and protective devices) is required by one or more monomers consisting of primary batteries
battery.
3.3
An aqueous solution of electrolyte galvanic cell.
3.4
Neither aqueous liquid electrolyte which no other active proton (H +) derived from primary cells.
3.5
Mainly refers to GB/T in 8897.2-2008 third class and fourth class battery.
4 primary battery classification
4.1 aqueous electrolyte primary battery
Aqueous electrolyte primary cells including alkaline and non-alkaline zinc - manganese dioxide batteries, zinc - silver oxide batteries, zinc - nickel oxyhydroxide batteries, alkaline
And neutral zinc - air batteries.
4.2 non-aqueous electrolyte primary battery
A non-aqueous electrolyte comprises a lithium primary battery - carbon fluoride batteries, lithium - manganese dioxide batteries, lithium - thionyl chloride batteries, lithium - iron disulfide electricity
Pool, lithium - sulfur dioxide and lithium - copper oxide batteries.
5 Civil original battery safety performance requirements
5.1 aqueous electrolyte primary battery
Alkaline and non-alkaline zinc - manganese dioxide batteries, zinc - silver oxide batteries, zinc - nickel oxyhydroxide batteries, alkaline and neutral zinc - air batteries should be carried out
Line GB 8897.5 provisions of the safety performance test, the battery should meet the requirements.
5.2 non-aqueous electrolyte primary battery
Lithium - carbon fluoride batteries, lithium - manganese dioxide batteries, lithium - thionyl chloride batteries, lithium - iron disulfide batteries, lithium - sulfur dioxide and lithium - copper oxide electric
Pools and other types of primary lithium batteries should be GB 8897.4 provisions of the safety performance test, the battery should meet the requirements.
6 logo
6.1 General
Apart from a small battery, the battery should be marked on each of the following.
a) Model;
Deadline b) production time (month and year) and shelf life, or recommendations period;
c) extreme positive and negative polarity (if applicable);
d) nominal voltage;
e) the manufacturer or supplier's name and address;
f) trademarks;
g) implementation of the standard number;
h) Safety Precautions (warning instructions);
i) the amount of mercury ( "low mercury" or "mercury-free") (where applicable).
6.2 small battery logo
Requirements of small battery symbol as follows.
When a) when the outer surface of the battery is too small not enough to mark the content specified in 6.1, shall be marked on the battery 6.1a) model and 6.1c)
Polarity All other marks shown in 6.1 shall be marked on the battery directly packaged;
b) directly on a small battery packaging shall be marked to prevent accidental swallowing of small battery warning;
c) button cell production time (month and year) may be coded, said coding method, see GB/T 8897.3.
Optional 7 civilian primary battery, use, replacement and disposal guidelines
7.1 Optional
Should buy the most suitable for the intended use, the right size and type of batteries.
When you can not get the specified grade, size and type of battery, according to the size of the system and show that the electrochemical battery models to choose alternative
battery.
7.2
When used correctly, the original battery is a safe and reliable power supply, but if misused or abused, the battery is likely to leak and, in extreme cases
An explosion and fire at will, causing personal injury and damage to electrical equipment.
Should use the original batteries note the following.
a) Note that the battery and electrical equipment on the "+" and "-" signs, the battery is loaded correctly Electronic Equipment.
Before battery into the battery compartment of electrical equipment should be checked with a battery and electrical contact member is clean, whether it is the battery polarity
Indeed. If necessary, wipe with a damp cloth until dry and then insert the battery.
When loading the battery polarity ( "+" and "-") the correctness of the direction is extremely important. You should carefully read the instructions electric appliances (electric appliances should be accompanied by
Instructions), the instructions recommend using the battery; otherwise may occur with electrical breakdowns, electrical equipment and/or battery.
If the battery is reversed, the battery may be charged or short circuit, causing the battery to overheat, leak, bleed, rupture, explosion, fire and personal
hurt.
b) Do not allow the battery to short circuit.
When the battery's positive (+) and negative (-) when connected to each other, the battery is short-circuited. So do not short circuit the battery, for example, not to the battery
Equipped with keys or coins in the pocket to avoid the battery short circuit.
c) Do not charge the primary battery.
You can not charge the primary battery. Rechargeable internal battery will produce gas and/or heat, resulting in leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal
hurt.
d) Do not let the battery forced discharge.
External power supply when the battery is forcibly discharged, the battery voltage will be forced down to the design value, so that the gas generated inside the battery may cause
Leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.
e) shall be immediately removed from the battery power runs out of electric appliances and handled properly.
If you let charged battery for a long time left in the electric appliances, there may occur electrolyte leakage, resulting in damage to the electrical equipment and/or personal
hurt.
f) Do not allow the battery to overheat.
Battery overheating, it may cause leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.
g) Do not directly solder the battery.
Heat welding may lead to battery leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.
h) Do not disassemble the battery.
Dismantling, member contact inside the battery is harmful and can cause injury or fire.
i) Do not deform the battery.
You can not crush, puncture or otherwise damage the battery, otherwise it will lead to battery leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.
j) housing damaged lithium primary battery can not be in contact with water.
Lithium water will generate hydrogen gas, fire, explosion and/or personal injury.
k) Do not allow children to touch the battery.
Especially to easily swallow a small battery placed in the reach of children, the battery should be swallowed immediately seek medical treatment.
l) can not allow children to replace batteries without adult supervision.
m) Do not seal or modify the battery.
Battery seal or modified after the safety relief device has a battery may be blocked and cause an explosion and cause personal injury.
n) without the battery should be stored in their original packaging, away from metal objects. If the packaging has been opened, the batteries do not mix.
Remove the battery packaging easier and metal objects mixed together to make battery short-circuit, resulting in leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal
hurt.
o) If not using the battery, the battery should be removed (from the use of electrical equipment in the emergency exception).
Now from electrical equipment is not working properly or has been long anticipated unused electric appliances (such as radios, cameras, etc.) the battery is removed
Benefits. Although most of the original batteries on the market has a good resistance to leakage, but has been partially or completely discharged battery discharge than those without
Used batteries prone to leaks.
p) Do not use electrical equipment in harsh conditions, such as electric appliances will be placed next to a radiator or in a parked car in the sun and so on.
q) to ensure that after the electrical equipment using the power off.
r) battery should be stored in a cool, dry place and avoid direct sunlight.
Replace 7.3
Should also replace a group of cells in all batteries, newly purchased batteries should not be and has been part of the power consumption of batteries. Do not use old and new batteries, do not
The same model or brand of batteries. Different brands, different types of batteries or mix old and new batteries, due to the presence of voltage or capacity difference
Differences may cause some battery discharge or forced discharge, resulting in leakage, venting, explosion, fire and personal injury.
7.4 Processing
In the case without prejudice to China's relevant laws and regulations, the original battery can be used as a public waste.
Do not dispose of the battery by incineration. The heat generated by burning the battery may cause battery explosion, fire and personal injury. Burning lithium
When primary batteries, lithium batteries may burn fiercely, lithium batteries will explode in a fire. Product of combustion of lithium batteries are toxic, corrosive.
In addition to being recognized can be controlled incinerator, but not incinerate.
Note as lithium primary battery disposal GB 8897.4.
Note aqueous electrolyte primary battery disposal see GB 8898.5.
Electric battery compartment with 8 safety design
Rational design of electric appliances in the battery compartment can greatly reduce or eliminate battery failure, thus avoiding the electrical design of the battery compartment due to ill-induced
Pool failures caused by electrical equipment damage or user injury.
8.1 Technical Information
Proposed to produce the original battery powered electrical equipment company and the battery industry to maintain close contact, from the beginning of the design should consider the various existing
Kind of battery performance. Whenever possible, you should try to choose GB/T 8897.2-2008, GB/T 8897.3 and China's other primary battery
National standards and industry standards prior types of batteries.
8.2 Important factors to consider when designing the battery compartment
Consider the following factors in the design of the battery compartment should.
a) It should be easy to use battery compartment, the battery compartment should be designed so that the battery is easy to load and easy to swap out.
b) Battery compartment shall be designed to prevent children access to the battery, the battery compartment of electrical equipment for use by children should be strong resistance to knocking.
c) When designing the structure and size of the battery compartment and the positive and negative contacts, it should be made in line with national standards and industry standards of the original power
Pools can be loaded. Size should not be limited to a battery factory battery, otherwise it is to be replaced when the battery is loaded from different sources
There will be trouble. Even if some other battery manufacturer or national standards specified in this standard battery is smaller than the tolerance, the electric appliances
Designers must not neglect tolerance national standards and industry standards, our regulations.
d) shall be permanently and clearly marked on the battery compartment with the type of battery polarity (+ and -) correctly aligned and mounted battery
direction. One of the most common causes of trouble, there is a group of cells in a battery upside down, the battery may cause leakage, explosion
Fried, fire. In order to minimize the extent of such dangers, the battery compartment should be designed once the battery upside down can not be formed
Circuit.
e) Although the battery drain resistance performance has been greatly improved, but the leak occasionally occur. When the battery compartment can not be completely and Electronic Equipment
When separated, the battery compartment should be placed in a suitable position, so that the possibility of electric appliances due to battery leakage and damage to a minimum.
F) When appliances with a circuit should be designed so that when the battery voltage drops below battery manufacturer recommended voltage electric appliances will not work.
Adverse chemical reaction caused by leaks in the battery below this voltage battery will continue to discharge.
g) when in contact with the design of electrical contact with the battery, should be used in small resistance made of a material, it should be noted that the contact
Shape, structure and material elements should match with the terminal of the battery, so that it can form a good electrical contact. Even the use of
GB/T 8897.2-2008 standards such as the size of the battery allowable limit should also be the case. Design of the battery compartment negative contact
The structure allows the battery should pay attention to the negative terminal with a recess.
h) Only batteries and circuits to extreme physical contact. Or electrical contact with the electrical equipment connected to the battery circuit
Any part can not be in contact with the battery case. Otherwise bear the risk of a short circuit occurs.
i) Many electric appliances are designed to be used to convert power (battery plus mains power supply), in this case, with electrical circuits
It should be designed to.
1) to prevent the power grid of the original battery, or
2) containing element protection galvanic cells (such as diodes).
Thus, the protective element flowing through primary battery charge (leakage) current does not exceed the battery manufacturer's recommended value.
j) the use of the battery positive (+) and negative (-) terminal of different shapes and sizes to design the battery compartment to prevent the battery upside down. Battery compartment
Positive (+) and negative (-) contacts should be significantly different in shape, to avoid errors while loading the battery.
k) Battery compartment should be non-conductive, heat-resistant, non-flammable and easy to heat in the battery load is not deformed.
l) neutral zinc - air cells (A) or as alkaline zinc - air battery (P system) for the supply of electric appliances should allow sufficient
Air into the battery compartment. A system for the battery in normal operation is preferably in the upright position.
m) does not advocate the battery compartment using the battery is connected in parallel form, because in the case if there is a parallel anti-loaded battery will be charged with Article
Member, causing the battery to be charged.
n) is strongly recommended that electrical equipment designers see GB 8897.4 and GB 8897.5 in the design of electrical equipment, the safety of a comprehensive
Consideration.
8.3 battery compartment design guidelines
Prevent reverse battery installation methods, methods to prevent battery short circuit, the preferred way to an electric machine with a battery array and waterproof and impervious
Gas appliances with battery compartment Design Guide Appendix A.
Lithium batteries for power electrical designer with guidelines in Appendix B.
Appendix A
(Informative)
Electric with battery compartment Design Guide
A. 1 Background
Growing a battery powered electrical equipment and technology, to promote primary cells mature in both structure and electrochemical properties of the battery
Capacity and discharge capacity can be improved. Due to the continuous development of primary battery technology advances and people "batteries meet safety and performance
Both demand "recognition, the" battery case caused by misuse of electrical equipment failure mostly due to accidental misuse the user and made
Into "argument has been accepted.
The following content can help designers to battery powered electric appliances Learn how to greatly reduce or eliminate battery failure.
A. 1.1 Design of the battery compartment due to poor battery failure
Poorly designed battery compartment can cause the battery to short circuit the battery or reverse mount.
A. 1.2 Due to the potential dangers caused by battery reverse
By three or more cells in series circuits (shown in Figure A.1), if there is a reverse battery, there is a latent following
In danger.
a) The reverse battery to be charged;
Note. The charging current is limited by the external circuit/load.
b) The reverse battery internally generated gas;
c) the occurrence of a reverse battery discharge;
d) The reverse battery electrolyte leakage.
NOTE. The battery electrolyte is harmful to human tissue.
Figure A. Example 1. When a battery connected in series reverse
A. 1.3 potential danger caused by a short circuit
Battery short circuit will exist following potential hazards.
a) a large current by causing heat generation;
b) generating a gas;
c) the occurrence of discharge;
d) electrolyte leakage;
e) heat generated by damaged insulation packaging (such as causing shrinkage packaging).
NOTE. The battery electrolyte harmful to human tissue, the heat generated may cause burns.
A. 2 Electronic Equipment Design Guide
A. 2.1 Key factors to consider first on batteries
The guide is aimed at sizes ranging from R1 ~ R20 cylindrical batteries in the battery system is generally alkaline and non-alkaline
Zinc - manganese dioxide system. Although the two systems are interchangeable, but the battery of the two systems must not be put together
use.
In the early stages of the battery compartment design, it should be noted that the two systems the following shape and design features allow for differences in.
a) alkaline zinc - manganese dioxide battery positive terminal of the battery connected to the housing.
b) non-alkaline zinc - manganese dioxide battery positive terminal of the battery case insulation.
c) Both types of batteries have insulated packaging, it may be paper, plastic or other non-conductive material. Packaging may occasionally
It can be metallic (conductive), but this time it is the basic unit cell of insulated.
d) designed and constructed in electrical contact with the negative electrode, it should be noted that some of the negative terminal of the battery may be recessed, so as
To ensure good electrical contact can be formed, electric appliances should be avoided completely flat contact.
e) no matter what the circumstances, any part of a circuit of the battery or electrical connection can not and battery packaging phase
contact. If the battery compartment design allows this happens, the risk of a short circuit occurs bear.
Note. For example, when the battery is loaded, used as a negative spiral connecting member (non-cylindrical) spring should be pressed uniformly and not stand in the battery case
On (not recommended for electrical contact with a positive electrode of the battery using a spring connection).
A. 2.2 Other important factors to consider
You should also consider the following factors.
a) proposed to produce a battery powered electrical equipment company to maintain close contact with the battery industry. In the beginning of the design sit Electronic Equipment
Taking into account the various existing battery performance. Whenever possible, you should select GB/T 8897.2-2008, GB/T 8897.3 and
Other primary cells with national standards and industry standards of the existing type of battery.
b) Battery compartment should be designed so that the battery is easy to load and easy to swap out.
c) Battery compartment shall be designed to prevent children easy access to the battery.
d) size should not be limited to a battery factory battery, otherwise there will be trouble when loading from different sources to replace the battery. in
Battery compartment design should take into account the battery dimensions and tolerances GB/T 8897.2-2008 and other standards required;
e) clearly marked with the type of battery polarity (+ and -) correctly aligned and battery load direction.
f) Although the battery leakage resistance performance has been greatly improved, but still occasionally leak. If the battery compartment can not be finished and electrical equipment
When separated from the whole, it should be placed in the appropriate position so that the possibility of electrical equipment damage due to battery leakage is minimized.
g) with electrical circuit should be designed such that when each cell voltage drops below 0.7V, namely the total series battery voltage drops below 0.7 × s shape
When (like s is the number of cells connected in series) electric appliances will not work. Below this voltage battery will continue to discharge the battery issue
Students adverse chemical reaction and lead to leaks.
A. 3 measures to prevent reverse battery installation
In order to solve the battery installed backwards and caused problems in the battery compartment of the design stage should be considered to ensure that the battery is not installed wrong,
Or even if installed wrong can not make electrical contact.
A. 3.1 Design of the positive contact
For R03, R1, R6, R14, R20 these dimensions of the battery, it is recommended in Figure A. 2 and Figure A. Design of the battery compartment in FIG. 3, but also
Take measures to prevent the battery in the battery compartment unnecessary movement.
NOTE. The battery con...
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