GB/T 5450-2014 PDF in English
GB/T 5450-2014 (GB/T5450-2014, GBT 5450-2014, GBT5450-2014)
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| GB/T 5450-2014 | English | 310 |
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Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test of bituminous coal
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| GB/T 5450-1997 | English | 599 |
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Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test of bituminous coal
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 5450-2014
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GB/T 5450-2014: PDF in English (GBT 5450-2014) GB/T 5450-2014
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.040
D 21
Replacing GB/T 5450-1997
Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test of bituminous coal
(ISO 349:1975, Hard coal - Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 09, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2014
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 Method summary ... 5
5 Instruments ... 6
6 Specimen preparation and storage ... 13
7 Instrument calibration and inspection ... 14
8 Test procedure ... 15
9 Expression of results ... 17
10 Method precision ... 19
11 Test report ... 20
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of clause number between this standard
and ISO 349:1975 ... 21
Appendix B (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO
349:1975 and their causes ... 22
Appendix C (Normative) Inspection of dilatation tube and dilatation rod ... 24
Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test of bituminous coal
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, method summary, reagents
and materials, instruments and equipment, specimens, test procedures,
expression of results, method precision of Audibert-Arnu dilatometer test of
bituminous coal.
This standard applies to bituminous coal.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB 474 Preparation of coal sample
GB/T 483 General rules for analytical and testing methods of coal
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Softening temperature
T1
The temperature at which the dilatation rod drops 0.5 mm.
3.2
Temperature of maximum contraction
T2
The temperature at which the dilatation rod starts to rise after falling to the
lowest point.
3.3
Solidification temperature
T3
The temperature at which the dilatation rod stops moving.
3.4
Maximum contraction of length of pencil
The percentage of maximum distance that the dilatation rod descends to the
length of the coal pencil.
3.5
Maximum dilatation of length of pencil
The percentage of maximum distance that the dilatation rod rises to the
length of the coal pencil.
4 Method summary
The test coal sample is made into a coal pencil of a certain specification
according to the prescribed method, placed in a standard caliber tube (dilatation
tube), on which a steel rod (dilatation rod) that can slide freely in the tube is
placed. The above device is placed in a special electric furnace, heated at the
specified heating rate. The displacement curve of the dilatation rod is recorded.
According to the displacement curve, the maximum dilatation of length of pencil
(b) and the maximum contraction of length of pencil (a) are obtained. Figure 1
shows a typical dilatation curve.
7.3 Inspection of forming mold
The gauge can be used to check the wear of the forming mold used in the test.
Meanwhile it can also be used to check the new forming mold. If it inserts the
gauge from the large-diameter end of the forming mold being inspected, it can
observe:
a) When there are two lines, the forming mold is too small and shall be
reprocessed;
b) When there is one line, the forming mold is suitable for use;
c) When there is no line, the forming mold is worn and shall be replaced.
7.4 Inspection of dilatation tube
Compare the dilatation tube and dilatation rod that have been measured 100
times with the results of 4 coal samples measured by a new set of dilatation
tube and dilatation rod. If the absolute value of the average value of the relative
difference is greater than 3.5, the old tube and old rod are discarded. If the
dilatation tube and dilatation rod are still applicable, re-check it every 50
measurements thereafter. See Appendix C for details of dilatation tube
inspection.
8 Test procedure
8.1 Coal pencil preparation
8.1.1 Use a braid brush to wipe the forming mold clean. Use a wax coating rod
to apply a thin layer of wax on the inner wall of the forming mold. Weigh 4 g of
the coal sample for general analysis and test. Place it in a small evaporating
dish. Use 0.4 mL of water to wet the specimen. Mix it quickly and prevent the
presence of air bubbles. Then put the small-diameter end of the forming mold
downwards and place it on the mold holder. Put the funnel on the small-
diameter end. Use a horn spoon to pull the specimen down the side of the
funnel, until the forming mold is filled. Scrape the remaining specimen back into
the small evaporating dish. Press the striker guide plate horizontally on the
funnel. Use the striker rod to compact the specimen in the perpendicular
direction.
Note: During the compaction process, prevent the specimen from splashing out
or the striking rod from getting stuck.
8.1.2 Place the entire set of forming molds under the striker. First use a long
striker rod to strike it 4 times. Then add specimen and strike it for another 4
times. Use the long, medium and short striker rods to strike it 2 times in
recorded every 5 min.
8.2.3 After the specimen begins to solidify (the dilatation rod stops moving),
continue to heat for 5 minutes. Then stop heating. Immediately remove the
dilatation tube and the dilatation rod from the furnace. Place them vertically on
the shelf, respectively.
8.3 Cleaning of dilatation tube and dilatation rod
8.3.1 Dilatation tube
Remove the wire plug at the bottom of the dilatation tube. Use a metal rod with
an axe-shaped head to remove the semi-coke in the tube. Then use a copper
wire brush to clean the remaining semi-coke powder in the tube. Then use a
braid brush to wipe it off, until the inner wall is smooth and bright. When the
tube is not easy to wipe, the tube can be filled with crude benzene or other
suitable solution, then wiped clean after soaking for several hours.
8.3.2 Dilatation rod
Using fine sandpaper to wipe off the tar residue adhering to the dilatation rod.
Be careful not to round the edges and corners. Finally check whether the
dilatation rod can slide freely in the tube.
9 Expression of results
9.1 Type judgment and result calculation of recording curve
Figures 10 ~ 13 respectively show four types of recording curves for positive
dilatation, negative dilatation, contraction only, tilt contraction in the bituminous
coal dilatometer test. According to the curve of the test record, read three
characteristic temperatures: softening temperature (T1) (see 3.1), temperature
of maximum contraction (T2) (see 3.2), solidification temperature (T3) (see 3.3).
Calculate the maximum contraction of length of pencil (α) (see 3.4) and
maximum dilatation of length of pencil (b) (see 3.5). The type of test record
curve of bituminous coal dilatometer is determined and expressed according to
the following methods:
a) If the maximum returning height of the dilatation rod after the contraction
is higher than the starting position of lowering, the maximum dilatation of
length of pencil is expressed as "positive dilatation" (Figure 10);
b) If the maximum returning height of the dilatation rod after the contraction
is lower than the starting position of lowering, the maximum dilatation of
length of pencil is expressed as "negative dilatation". The dilatation is
calculated as the difference between the final position of dilatation and the
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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