GB/T 5447-2014 PDF English (GB/T 5447-1997: Older version)
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Determination of caking index of bituminous coal
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GB/T 5447-2014: PDF in English (GBT 5447-2014) GB/T 5447-2014
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.040
D 21
Replacing GB/T 5447-1997
Determination of Caking Index
for Bituminous Coal
(ISO 15585.2006, Hard Coal – Determination of Caking Index, MOD)
ISSUED ON. JUNE 9, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON. OCTOBER 1, 2014
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Application Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Summary of Test Method ... 4
4 Material ... 4
5 Apparatus ... 5
6 Coal Sample ... 9
7 Test Procedure ... 10
8 Calculation of Result ... 11
9 Precision of Test Method ... 11
10 Test report ... 11
Appendix A (Informative) Cross Reference of the Article Numbers of this
Standard and the Article Numbers of ISO 15585.2006 ... 13
Appendix B (Informative) Technical Differences between This Standard and
ISO 15585.2006 and Their Reasons ... 15
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 5447-1997, Determination of Caking Index of Bituminous
Coal. Compared with GB/T 5447-1997, the main changes are as follows.
-- it adds the normative reference GB/T 483, General Rules for Analytical and
Testing Methods of Coal (see Article 2);
-- it adds the articles of reagent material and test report (Article 4 and Article 10);
-- it modifies the rotating speed of the drum from (50 ± 2) r/min to (50 ± 0.5) r/min
(see 5.1; 5.1.3 of edition 1997); and
-- it changes the storage time of samples after preparation from “7 days” to “5 days”
(see 6.2; 6.2 of edition 1997).
This Standard was redrafted by modifying and adopting ISO 15585.2006, Hard Coal –
Determination of Caking Index.
Some adjustments in structure are made in this Standard, compared with ISO
15585.2006; Annex A lists the cross reference of the articles of this Standard and the
articles of ISO 15585.2006. The main technical differences are marked with vertical
single line (∣) in the page margins where the relevant articles are involved. Annex B
gives the list of technical differences and their reasons.
This Standard was proposed by China National Coal Association.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Coal Standardization Technical
Committee of China (SAC/TC 42).
The drafting organization of this Standard. China Coal Research Institute Testing
Research Branch.
The main drafters of this Standard. Xing Xiuyun, Li Hongtu, Chen Baohua and Chen
Peng.
The previous edition of GB/T 5447-1997 is as follows.
-- GB/T 5447-1985.
Determination of Caking Index
for Bituminous Coal
1 Application Scope
This Standard specifies the method summary, reagent and material, apparatus, coal
sample, test procedure, calculation of result, precision of test method and test report
for the determination of caking index for bituminous coal.
This Standard applies to bituminous coal.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 474, Method for Preparation of Coal Sample
GB/T 483, General Rules for Analytical and Testing Methods of Coal
GB/T 14181, Specifications of Anthracite for Determination of Caking Index of
Bituminous Coal
3 Summary of Test Method
A portion of prepared sample of coal of limited mass range and the standard anthracite
are mixed under defined conditions, and the mixture is carbonized rapidly. The crucible
coke thus obtained is tested for strength in a drum conforming to certain specifications.
Then the caking index (GR, I) is calculated to indicate the caking power of coal sample.
4 Material
4.1 Standard anthracite for the determination of caking index (hereinafter referred to
standard anthracite). as specified in GB/T 14181.
4.2 Dryer. containing allochroic silicagel.
4.3 Tongs.
not exceed 5 days. If it exceeds 5 days, the time of sample preparation and testing
shall be stated in the report.
7 Test Procedure
7.1 First weigh 5.00 g of standard anthracite and then weigh 1.00 g of coal sample
to place into a crucible, both weighed to an accuracy of 0.001 g.
7.2 Mix the mixture in the crucible carefully for 2 min with the stirrer. The method of
stirring. tilt the crucible about 45 degrees left and right, rotate anticlockwise with the
rotating speed about 15 r/min and make the stirrer rotate about the same tilting angle
clockwise with the rotating speed 150 r/min. The ring of the stirrer is in contact with the
arc part of the crucible wall connecting with the bottom during stirring. After about 15
seconds to 2 min, continue to stir while rotate the crucible and stirrer to the vertical
position; at about 2 min, finish stirring. Avoid coal sample splashing during stirring.
7.3 After stirring, use the brush to brush the coal powder on the crucible wall gently,
use the stirrer to level off the mixture and make the level along the crucible wall 1 mm
to 2 mm lower to make the coal sample surface on the same plane after steel weight
compresses the mixture.
7.4 Use the tongs to clamp the steel weight to place at the centre of the crucible,
place it under the press, put down the pressure lever and apply pressure for 30 s.
7.5 After applying pressure, remain the steel weight on the mixture and cover it with
the lid. Care shall be taken to that the crucible with sample shall be handled with care
during the whole process above mentioned to prevent impact and vibration.
7.6 Raise the temperature of the furnace to 850 °C. Open the furnace door, insert the
crucible holder with rapidly crucible to the uniform-temperature zone, close the furnace
door immediately, start timing and heat it for an accurate time of 15 min. After the
crucible holder and crucible are inserted, it is required that the furnace temperature
850 °C ± 10 °C is regained within 6 min and 850 °C ± 10 °C is maintained hereafter.
The heating time includes the temperature regaining time.
7.7 Remove the crucible from the furnace and allow it to cool to room temperature. If
the drum test is not carried out immediately, transfer the crucible to the dryer.
7.8 Remove the weight from the crucible; brush back into the crucible any particles
of coke adhering to the weight. Weigh the total mass of coke. Transfer it to the drum
and carry out the drum test (250 r, 5 min for each test). After the first drum test, sieve
the coke with 1 mm round-hole sieve and weigh the substance remaining on the sieve;
then transfer the coke remaining on the sieve to the drum for the second drum test,
conduct sieving and weighing and calculate the result in accordance with Equation (1).
7.9 When the caking index measured is less than 18, change the proportion of
anthracite and coal sample to 3.3, i.e. weigh 3.00 g of standard anthracite and 3.00 g
Appendix B
(Informative)
Technical Differences between This Standard and ISO 15585.2006 and
Their Reasons
Table B.1 gives the list of the technical differences between this Standard and ISO
15585.2006 and their reasons.
Table B.1 – Technical Differences between This Standard and ISO 15585.2006
and Their Reasons
Article number of
this Standard Technical difference Reason
Modifies the application scope of the ISO
standard from “random reflectance of
vitrinite within the range 0.60% to 1.80%”
For adaptation to the classification of
coal in China
4.1 Specifies that anthracite shall meet the requirements of GB/T 14181
Based on the requirements of Chinese
Standards
5.6 Gives the materials and dimensions of the crucible
For the convenience of test and better
operability
6.2
Modifies the time between preparation of
the sample and carrying out the test not
more than “7 days” to “5 days”
In accordance with the relevant
requirements of Chinese standards
7.2 Gives the method for stirring the mixture in the crucible
In order to standardize the operation
and ensure the repeatability of results
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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