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GB/T 46023.2-2025: Smart glazing used on road vehicles - Part 2: Polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.60
CCS T 26
Smart Glazing Used on Road Vehicles - Part 2.Polymer
Dispersed Liquid Crystal Glazing
Issued on: AUGUST 1, 2025
Implemented on: FEBRUARY 1, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
Introduction... 5
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative References... 7
3 Terms and Definitions... 7
4 Classification... 9
5 Requirements... 9
5.1 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area... 9
5.2 Haze in Dimming Area... 10
5.3 Regular Luminous Transmittance and its Deviation of Dimming Area... 10
5.4 Deviation of Visible Light Transmittance of Dimming Area... 10
5.5 Contrast Ratio of Dimming Area... 11
5.6 Ultraviolet Transmittance of Dimming Area... 11
5.7 Color Uniformity of Dimming Area... 11
5.8 Apparent Power... 11
5.9 Insulation Resistance... 11
5.10 Temperature and Humidity Durability... 11
5.11 Irradiation Durability... 12
5.12 Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness... 12
5.13 Overpressure Performance... 13
6 Test Methods... 13
6.1 General Rules... 13
6.2 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area... 14
6.3 Haze of Dimming Area... 14
6.4 Regular Luminous Transmittance and its Deviation of Dimming Area... 14
6.5 Deviation of Visible Light Transmittance of Dimming Area... 15
6.6 Contrast Ratio of Dimming Area... 15
6.7 Ultraviolet Transmittance of Dimming Area... 16
6.8 Color Uniformity of Dimming Area... 16
6.9 Apparent Power... 18
6.10 Insulation Resistance... 18
6.11 Temperature and Humidity Durability... 18
6.12 Irradiation Durability... 20
Smart Glazing Used on Road Vehicles - Part 2.Polymer
Dispersed Liquid Crystal Glazing
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging,
transportation and storage of polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing.
This document applies to the design, production and delivery of smart glazing products used
on road vehicles that use polymer dispersed liquid crystal as the dimming medium.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2410 Determination of Light Transmittance and Haze of Transparent Plastics
GB/T 5137.2-2020 Test Methods of Safety Glazing Materials Used on Road Vehicles - Part 2.
Optical Properties Tests
GB/T 5137.4 Test Methods of Safety Glazing Materials Used on Road Vehicles - Part 4.
Determination of Solar Characteristic
GB/T 11942 Test Method of Chroma for Color Building Materials
GB/T 30142 Measuring Methods for Shielding Effectiveness of Planar Electromagnetic
Shielding Materials
GB/T 35847 Switchable Glazing Filmed by Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal
GB/T 42788 Terms of Smart Glass
JC/T 2631-2021 Electrochromic Glass
JJF 1615 Calibration Specification for Solar Simulators
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 42788, JC/T 2631-2021 and GB/T 35847, and the
following are applicable to this document.
3.1 smart glazing used on road vehicles
A glazing product used on road vehicles that, under the influence or excitation of an external
energy field, can alter its optical properties, such as transmission, reflection or absorption in
specific wavelength bands.
3.2 polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing
A glazing product that combines a dimming film consisting of two flexible transparent
conductive films and a layer of polymer dispersed liquid crystal material through interlayer or
film bonding processes and can rapidly switch between regular transmission and diffuse
transmission under the control of an external electric field.
[source. GB/T 42788-2023, 3.4.2, modified]
3.3 transparent state
Under given control conditions, the state of polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.2) with
the lowest haze.
3.4 haze state
Under given control conditions, the state of polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.2) with
the highest haze.
3.5 forward polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing
A polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.2) that exhibits diffuse transmission when power
is off and transitions to regular transmission when power is on.
3.6 reverse polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing
A polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.2) that exhibits regular transmission when power
is off and transitions to diffuse transmission when power is on.
3.7 dyed polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing
A polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.2) in which colorants are added to the polymer
dispersed liquid crystal layer to achieve color intensity variations.
3.8 regular luminous transmittance
Within the visible light spectrum (380 nm ~ 780 nm), the ratio of the regular luminous flux
passing through the specimen to the incident luminous flux.
[source. GB/T 35847-2018, 3.4, modified]
3.9 contrast ratio
Under given control conditions, the ratio of the visible light transmittance of the dyed polymer
dispersed liquid crystal glazing (3.7) in its transparent state (3.3) to that in the haze state (3.4).
3.10 puncture
The phenomenon of localized burning of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer caused by
discharge between electrodes under the influence of an electric field.
[source. GB/T 35847-2018, 3.2, modified]
4 Classification
In accordance with power-on/off state, it is classified into forward polymer dispersed liquid
crystal glazing and reverse polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing.
In accordance with whether dyes are added to the liquid crystal layer, it is classified into non-
dyed polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing and dyed polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing.
In accordance with the production process, it is classified into interlayer polymer dispersed
liquid crystal glazing and film bonding polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing.
5 Requirements
5.1 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area
The appearance quality of the dimming area of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal glazing in
both haze and transparent states shall meet the requirements of Table 1.The corresponding state
or appearance characteristics required for different locations after assembly shall be agreed
upon by the supply-side and the demand-side.
5.13 Overpressure Performance
After the test, the specimen shall have no punctures.
6 Test Methods
6.1 General Rules
6.1.1 Requirements for test pieces
If the inspection item does not affect the performance of the specimen, then the specimen can
be used to continue testing for other items. When using specially made test pieces, the test
pieces shall be of the same structure, material, and manufactured under the same process
conditions as the product.
The requirements for the size of the dimming area for test pieces of different dimensions are
shown in Table 3.
6.1.2 Adjustment and control requirements for dimming area
The dimming control system and its control program shall be provided by the manufacturer and
consistent with the actual operating conditions of the product, enabling the specimen to
transition to the desired state and remain stable. The adjustment and control requirements for
the dimming area and the test results shall be simultaneously recorded.
6.1.3 Test conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted under the following environmental
conditions.
a) Temperature. (20 5) C;
b) Relative humidity. 40% ~ 80%.
6.2 Appearance Quality of Dimming Area
6.2.1 Specimen
Use the product as the specimen.
6.2.2 Test procedures
Connect the specimen to the dimming control system. In accordance with its control program,
after adjusting it to the haze or transparent state and maintaining stability, under an illumination
of (1,000 200) lx or in good natural or diffused light background conditions, vertically place
the specimen, and at a distance of 600 mm from the specimen, visually observe it, and record
any visible appearance defects. The size of point-like defects and the width of line defects are
measured using a reading microscope with a division value of 0.01 mm. The length of line
defects and the distance between point-like defects are measured using a steel ruler with a
division value of 1 mm or a measuring instrument of equivalent accuracy.
6.3 Haze of Dimming Area
6.3.1 Specimen
Use a flat product or test pieces as the specimens. The size of the test pieces shall be at least
100 mm 100 mm, and 3 pieces shall be used.
6.3.2 Test device
A haze meter or spectrophotometer that conforms to the requirements of GB/T 2410.
6.3.3 Test procedures
Place the specimen under the environmental conditions specified in 6.1.3 for at least 2 hours.
Connect the specimen to the dimming control system, and in accordance with its control
program, adjust it to the haze or transparent state and maintain stability. In accordance with the
haze meter method or spectrophotometer method specified in GB/T 2410, use light source A to
respectively test the haze of the dimming area in both the haze and transparent states. Measure
one point for each specimen, and round the result to 0.01%.
6.4 Regular Luminous Transmittance and its Deviation of Dimming Area
6.4.1 Specimen
Use a flat product or test piece as the specimen. The size of the test piece shall be at least 100
mm 100 mm.
6.4.2 Test device
Conform to the provisions of 5.3 in GB/T 5137.2-2020.
6.4.3 Test procedures
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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