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GB/T 45312-2025: Intelligent and connected vehicles - Operational design condition for automated driving system
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 40
Intelligent and connected vehicles - Operational design
condition for automated driving system
Issued on: FEBRUARY 28, 2025
Implemented on: FEBRUARY 28, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 4
4 Abbreviations... 5
5 General requirements... 6
6 ODC basic elements... 8
Appendix A (Informative) ODC example... 39
References... 44
Intelligent and connected vehicles - Operational design
condition for automated driving system
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements and basic element set for the design
and operation conditions of the automated driving system.
This document is applicable to categories M and N vehicles equipped with automated
driving systems; other types of vehicles or vehicles equipped with other levels of
driving automation systems shall refer to it.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB 5768.2 Road traffic signs and markings - Part 2.Road traffic signs
GB 5768.3 Road traffic signs and markings - Part 3.Road traffic markings
GB/T 40429-2021 Taxonomy of driving automation for vehicles
GB/T 44721-2024 Intelligent and connected vehicle - General technical
requirements for automated driving system
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 40429-2021, as well as the following terms
and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Automated driving system; ADS
A system composed of hardware and software that implements automated driving
functions.
Note. This term refers to the level 3 and above automated driving systems specified in GB/T
V2V. Vehicle to Vehicle
5 General requirements
5.1 ODC shall be designed based on the ODC basic element set and requirements in
this document. New ODC elements can be added or new element requirements can be
added to the ODC basic element set. When adding new ODC elements or element
requirements, they shall not conflict with the ODC basic element set in this document,
meanwhile ensure that the newly added ODC elements are reasonably placed in the
structure of the ODC basic element hierarchy specified in Chapter 6.See Appendix A
for an example of ODC writing.
Note 1.ODC selects some ODC basic elements and different levels of detail in this document
according to requirements.
Note 2.The ODC elements specified in 6.2 ~ 6.4 are called ODC basic elements. The set
composed of these ODC basic elements is called the ODC basic element set.
5.2 ODC shall be objective, clear, unambiguous, which can be used to build test
scenarios.
5.3 The ODC elements included in the ODC definition shall be able to be continuously
identified by ADS.
5.4 ODC elements shall at least contain element names and element requirements, it
may contain element associations. ODC elements shall meet the following requirements.
a) Have a clear element name.
b) Have clear element requirements, that is, the applicability of ADS to the ODC
element. Element requirements shall be clearly described as "allowed" or "not
allowed", with the following meanings.
1) Allowed. The ODC element does not affect ADS activation; before and during
the activation state specified in 7.1.2 of GB/T 44721-2024, the ADS shall be
able to identify the ODC element and continue to execute all DDTs in the
activation state.
2) Not allowed. The ODC element will inhibit ADS activation or cause ADS to
exit. If the ODC element inhibits ADS activation, the ADS shall be able to
identify the ODC element and implement a reasonable control strategy, before
the activation state specified in 7.1.2 of GB/T 44721-2024.If the ODC element
will cause the ADS to exit, the ADS shall be able to identify the ODC element
and implement a reasonable control strategy when, it is activated.
c) Have clear element association relationships (if involved). If the association
- Description. Includes driving areas with special road configurations, or with
specific driving regulations, or special environmental conditions. Typical areas
include school campuses, traffic control areas, geographic fences, etc.
- Element requirements. The specific area types and scopes that ADS allows/does
not allow shall be described.
6.2.1.1.2 Urban roads
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Expressway.
1) Description. A road with a central divider, full access control, controlled
entrance and exit spacing and form, to achieve continuous traffic, with no less
than two lanes in one direction, generally equipped with supporting traffic
safety and management facilities, with no entrances and exits of public
buildings that attract a large number of vehicles and people on both sides;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
b) Trunk road.
1) Description. A road used to connect the main subdistricts of the city, with
transportation functions as the main function, meanwhile no entrances and
exits of public buildings that attract a large number of vehicles and people on
both sides should be set;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
c) Secondary trunk road.
1) Description. Combined with the main trunk road to form a trunk road network,
the road mainly serves the function of collecting and distributing traffic, and
also has service functions;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
d) Branch road.
1) Description. Connected with secondary trunk roads and internal roads such as
residential areas, industrial areas, transportation facilities, which solves local
area traffic and has service functions as the main function;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
Note. For the specific definition of the above ODC basic elements, see CJJ 37.
6.2.1.1.3 Highway
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Expressway.
1) Description. A multi-lane highway for vehicles to travel in different directions
and lanes, with full access control;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
b) First-class highway.
1) Description. A multi-lane highway for vehicles to travel in different directions
and lanes, with access control as needed;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
c) Second-class highway.
1) Description. A two-lane highway for vehicles to travel;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
d) Third-class highway.
1) Description. A two-lane highway for mixed vehicle and non-vehicle traffic;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
e) Fourth-class highway.
1) Description. A two-lane or single-lane highway for mixed traffic of
automobiles and non-automobile traffic. The design traffic volume of the
fourth-class highway is less than that of third class highway;
2) Element requirements. “Allow/Not Allowed” shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.2 Road surface
6.2.1.2.1 Type
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; its
description and element requirements are as follows.
a) Pavement state.
1) Description. Contains asphalt concrete pavement state and cement concrete
pavement state;
2) Element requirements. The type of pavement state allowed or not allowed by
ADS shall be stated.
b) Unpaved state.
1) Description. The state of the road surface with gravel, stones, soil, etc.;
2) Element requirements. The type of unpaved state allowed or not allowed by
ADS shall be stated.
6.2.1.2.2 Road surface quality
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Cracking.
1) Description. The phenomenon of cracks on the road surface;
2) Element requirements. The severity of cracks allowed or not allowed by ADS,
such as crack size, etc.
b) Track.
1) Description. The strip-shaped depressions produced along the longitudinal
direction of the road surface under the repeated action of wheel loads;
2) Element requirements. The severity of track allowed or not allowed by ADS,
such as track size, etc.
c) Settlement.
1) Description. Local settlement of the road surface;
2) Element requirements. The severity of settlement allowed or not allowed by
ADS, such as settlement size, etc.
d) Potholes.
1) Description. Potholes caused by the partial detachment of road aggregate under
the action of driving;
2) Element requirements. The severity of potholes allowed or not allowed by ADS,
such as pothole size, etc.
e) Congestion.
1) Description. The phenomenon of local bulges formed by the pavement material
being pushed along by the traffic;
2) Element requirements. The severity of the bulges allowed or not allowed by
ADS, such as the size of the bulges, etc.
f) Loose surface.
1) Description. The phenomenon of aggregates falling off the pavement surface
under the action of traffic due to the reduction or disappearance of the viscosity
of the binder;
2) Element requirements. "Allowed/Not Allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to the relevant road types.
6.2.1.2.3 Road surface covering
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Other materials on the road surface, such as mud, ice, leaves, oil stains,
stagnant water, water marks and other coverings;
- Element requirements. The road surface coverings allowed or not allowed by ADS,
as well as the degree of permission, shall be stated.
6.2.1.3 Road geometry
6.2.1.3.1 Plane
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Straight road.
1) Description. Road with plane straight line characteristics;
2) Element requirements. "Allowed/Not allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Separation.
1) Description. The road uses separation facilities to separate traffic in the same
direction or two directions, motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles, vehicles
and pedestrians;
2) Element requirements. "Allowed/Not allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
b) Cross slope.
1) Description. The cross slope of each component of the road width and roadside
strip. Refers to the cross slope of the road surface, separation strip, sidewalk,
green belt, etc., expressed as a percentage;
2) Element requirements. The range of cross slope allowed or not allowed by
ADS shall be described.
c) Superelevation.
1) Description. In order to offset the centrifugal force generated when vehicles
travel on a flat curve section, a one-way cross slope with a higher outer side
than the inner side is set on the cross section of the section;
2) Element requirements. The range of cross slope allowed or not allowed by
ADS shall be described.
d) Sidewalk.
1) Description. The part of the road that is separated by curbs, guardrails and other
similar facilities for human traffic;
2) Element requirements. "Allowed/Not allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.4 Lane characteristics
6.2.1.4.1 Road traffic markings
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Marking quality.
1) Description. The quality of road traffic markings;
2) Element requirements. The quality of road traffic markings allowed or not
allowed by ADS shall be described, such as clarity, blur, etc.
b) No road traffic markings.
1) Description. The road has no road traffic markings;
2) Element requirements. "Allowed/Not allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element. If necessary, the loss of road
traffic markings allowed or not allowed by ADS can be described. The road
traffic marking loss characteristics allowed or not allowed by ADS, such as the
maximum length, can be further described.
c) Marking color.
1) Description. The color of the road traffic marking;
2) Element requirements. The road traffic marking color allowed or not allowed
by ADS shall be described. The specific marking color shall comply with GB
5768.3.
d) Marking type.
1) Description. Road traffic marking type;
2) Element requirements. The road traffic marking type allowed or not allowed
by ADS shall be described. The specific marking type shall comply with GB
5768.3.
e) Marking width.
1) Description. The width of the road marking;
2) Element requirements. The road traffic marking width allowed or not allowed
by ADS shall be described. The specific marking width shall comply with GB
5768.3.
6.2.1.4.2 Lane type
This ODC basic element contains the following subdivided ODC basic elements; their
descriptions and element requirements are as follows.
a) Non-motorized vehicle lane.
1) Description. A lane dedicated to non-motorized vehicles (except for special
circumstances);
2) Element requirements. “Allowed/Not Allowed” shall be used to describe the
1) Description. Generally used in expressways or highways, it refers to a lane
adjacent to the right-hand motor vehicle lane, including a hard shoulder, with
a certain width and length that can meet the parking needs of motor vehicles;
2) Element requirements. “Allowed/Not Allowed” shall be used to describe the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
i) Road exit.
1) Description. A road exit marked with road exit markings, used to guide vehicles
to exit;
2) Element requirements. "Allow/Not Allowed" shall be used to explain the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
j) Road entrance.
1) Description. A road entrance marked with road entrance markings, used to
guide vehicles to enter;
2) Element requirements. "Allow/Not Allowed" shall be used to explain the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
k) Total number of lane types.
1) Description. The total number of lane types supported by ADS during driving
operation;
2) Element requirements. The number range of lane types allowed or not allowed
during ADS operation shall be explained.
6.2.1.4.3 Number of lanes
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Used to describe the number of lanes;
- Element requirements. The range of lane numbers allowed or not allowed for ADS
operation shall be stated.
6.2.1.4.4 Lane width
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Used to describe the lane width applicable to different types of
vehicles and speed ranges;
- Element requirements. The range of lane widths allowed or not allowed for ADS
operation shall be stated.
6.2.1.5 Road edge
6.2.1.5.1 Guardrail
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. A longitudinal energy-absorbing structure that absorbs collision
energy by self-deformation or vehicle climbing, thereby changing the direction of
vehicle travel, preventing the vehicle from going out of the road or entering the
opposite lane, minimizing the damage to the occupants;
- Element requirements. "Allowed/not allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.5.2 Curb
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Strip structure between the outer side of the road pavement layer and
the shoulder;
- Element requirements. "Allowed/Not Allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.5.3 Temporary road edge
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Temporary structure between the outer side of the road pavement layer
and the shoulder, such as short columns;
- Element requirements. "Allowed/Not Allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.5.4 Hard shoulder
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Strip part connected to the driving lane with a certain road surface
strength;
- Element requirements. "Allowed/Not Allowed" shall be used to indicate the
applicability of ADS to this ODC basic element.
6.2.1.5.5 Dirt shoulder
The description and element requirements of this ODC basic element are as follows.
- Description. Dirt shoulder of a certain width outside the road surface layer, in
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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