GB/T 41087-2021 PDF in English
GB/T 41087-2021 (GB/T41087-2021, GBT 41087-2021, GBT41087-2021)
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Technical specification for heat exchange system of solar thermal power plant
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GB/T 41087-2021: PDF in English (GBT 41087-2021) GB/T 41087-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.160
CCS F 12
Technical specification for heat exchange system of solar
thermal power plant
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 System composition and parameters ... 6
5 Normal use environment ... 8
6 Technical requirements ... 8
7 Testing content ... 15
8 Technical documents and drawings ... 15
Annex A (informative) Schematic diagram of the main flow of the heat exchange
system ... 16
Technical specification for heat exchange system of solar
thermal power plant
1 Scope
This Standard specifies system composition and parameters of heat exchange system
of solar thermal power plant, environmental conditions for normal use, technical
requirements and test detection.
This Standard applies to heat exchange systems for water/steam, molten salt and
thermal oil media.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 150, Pressure vessels
GB/T 151, Heat exchanger
GB/T 5657, Technical specifications for centrifugal pumps (Class Ⅲ)
GB/T 12145, Quality criterion of water and steam for power plant and steam-
generating equipment
GB 12158, General guideline for preventing electrostatic accidents
GB/T 17116 (all parts), Pipe supports and hangers
GB/T 19518 (all parts), Explosive atmospheres - Electrical resistance traces heating
GB/T 20801 (all parts), Pressure piping code - Industrial piping
GB 23971, Heat transfer fluids
GB/T 24259, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Pipeline transportation systems
GB/T 32348 (all parts), Petroleum and natural gas industries - Pipeline
transportation systems
GB/T 36376, Solar molten salt (nitro type)
GB 50016, Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings
GB 50764, Design code of power piping for power plant
GB 50974, Technical code for fire protection water supply and hydrant systems
GB/T 51307, Standard for design of solar power tower plant
DL/T 5054, Code for design of stream/water piping of fossil-fired power plant
HG/T 20507, Design code for instrument selection
HG/T 20549, Design Standard Piping Layout for Chemical Plant
NB/T 47044, Valves for power station
SH/T 3040, Specification for design of tracing piping and jacket piping in
petrochemical industry
SH/T 3073, Design Specification for Petrochemical Piping Support and Hanger
SH/T 3097, Specification for design of static electricity earthing in petrochemical
industry
TSG 21, Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel
TSG G0001, Boiler Safety Technical Supervision Administration Regulation
TSG ZF001, Safety Technical Supervision Regulations for Safety Valves
TSG ZF003, Safety Technical Supervision Regulations for Bursting Disc Devices
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 heat exchange system
It consists of a series of equipment and its accessories for heat exchange between heat
transfer medium and working medium or heat storage medium.
NOTE: It mainly includes steam generation system and oil-salt heat exchanger system.
3.2 oil-salt heat exchanger
A device for heat exchange between molten salt medium and thermal oil medium.
3.3 preheater
follows:
The range of the steam-water side of the steam generation system (see Figure A.1 in
Annex A): FROM the feed water inlet of the preheater TO the steam outlet of the
superheater, the steam inlet of the reheater TO the steam outlet of reheater.
The range of molten salt side of the steam generation system (see Figure A.2): FROM
the molten salt inlet of the superheater TO the molten salt outlet of the preheater, the
molten salt inlet of the reheater TO the molten salt outlet of the reheater.
The range of thermal oil side of the steam generation system (see Figure A.3): FROM
the thermal oil inlet of the superheater TO the thermal oil outlet of the preheater, the
thermal oil inlet of the reheater TO the thermal oil outlet of the reheater.
The range of oil-salt heat exchanger system (see Figure A.4, Figure A.5): FROM the
inlet of the oil-salt heat exchanger of the system TO the outlet of the oil-salt heat
exchanger of the system.
4.2 Basic parameters
4.2.1 The basic parameters of design input mainly include the following:
a) Operating parameters: including flow, temperature, pressure, heat load;
b) Physical parameters: including medium composition, density, specific heat
capacity or enthalpy, vapor partial pressure, viscosity, thermal conductivity;
c) Allowable pressure drop;
d) System operation mode: including the number of starts and stops, the frequency
of load changes under various working conditions of the power plant;
e) Others.
4.2.2 The system and equipment life shall not be less than 25 years.
4.2.3 The system design pressure shall not be lower than the maximum working
pressure that may be reached during operation.
4.2.4 The system design temperature is not lower than the maximum operating
temperature that can be reached during operation.
4.2.5 The number of starts and stops of the heat exchange system of solar thermal power
generation can be performed as follows. The specific times shall be comprehensively
determined according to the operating characteristics of the power plant:
a) Cold start (stop over 72h) 10 times/year (24 times/year during commissioning);
b) Warm start (stop between 10h~72h) 250 times/year (320 times/year during
commissioning);
c) Hot start (stop time is between 1h~10h) 300 times/year (400 times/year during
commissioning);
d) Extremely hot start (within 1h of unit shutdown) 50 times/year (100 times/year
during commissioning);
e) Load step (load change value per minute > 10% of nameplate power) 15750 times
/ 25 years.
4.2.6 The temperature rise rate of the heat exchange system of solar thermal power
generation shall meet the operation requirements of the power station. On the premise
of ensuring the safe operation of the system and equipment, the temperature rise rate of
the heat exchange system of the tower solar thermal power plant shall not be lower than
6℃/min. The temperature rise rate of the heat exchange system of the trough solar
thermal power plant shall not be lower than 8℃/min.
5 Normal use environment
5.1 Ambient temperature: -50℃~60℃.
5.2 The ambient humidity shall not be higher than 95%.
5.3 The maximum wind speed shall not be higher than 30m/s.
6 Technical requirements
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 The rated evaporation of the steam generation system shall match the rated
working conditions of the steam turbine. The maximum continuous evaporation shall
match the full open condition of the steam turbine valve. At the same time, the variable
working characteristics of the system shall be considered.
6.1.2 The rated working condition of the oil-salt heat exchanger system shall match the
rated working condition of the steam turbine.
6.1.3 The thermal efficiency of the system under the design conditions of the heat
exchange system shall not be less than 98%.
6.1.4 The main steam temperature of the steam generation system shall meet the
requirements of the rated working conditions of the steam turbine.
6.1.5 The total pressure drop of the heat exchange system under the rated working
conditions of the steam turbine shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
6.2.1.8 The water storage capacity of the steam drum under rated working conditions
shall be no less than 3min.
6.2.1.9 The steam drum shall have good steam-water separation ability. Under the
design conditions, the dryness of the saturated steam after separation shall not be less
than 98%.
6.2.1.10 The steam drum shall be able to withstand load changes during system
operation.
6.2.1.11 The steam drum shall have thermal shock resistance.
6.2.1.12 System design shall consider cycle stability at start-up and low load conditions.
6.2.1.13 Pipes and equipment shall be equipped with reasonable sewage and exhaust
systems.
6.2.2 Molten salt side
6.2.2.1 Molten salt shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 36376.
6.2.2.2 The design of molten salt equipment and pipelines shall adopt a certain
inclination angle for self-flow evacuation.
6.2.2.3 When designing the system, a certain height difference shall be set between each
molten salt heat exchanger.
6.2.2.4 Under all operating conditions, the final return salt temperature in the system
shall not be lower than the crystallization temperature of molten salt plus 15°C.
6.2.2.5 The gasket on the molten salt side shall not be made of graphite.
6.2.2.6 The sewage and exhaust of pipes and equipment shall be considered when
designing the system.
6.2.2.7 A complete evacuation salt system shall be equipped when designing the system.
6.2.3 Thermal oil side
6.2.3.1 The thermal oil shall meet the requirements of GB 23971.
6.2.3.2 The final return oil temperature in the system shall not be lower than the
crystallization point temperature of thermal oil plus 50℃.
6.2.3.3 The sewage and exhaust of pipes and equipment shall be considered when
designing the system.
6.2.3.4 When the use temperature of the thermal oil exceeds its ignition point, the fire
safety of the system, equipment and site shall be considered. The system design shall
comply with the provisions of GB 50016 and GB 50974.
6.2.3.5 A complete oil evacuation system shall be equipped when designing the system.
6.2.3.6 When the thermal oil leaks, the leaked thermal oil shall be collected and
disposed of in time.
6.3 Oil-salt heat exchanger system
6.3.1 The oil-salt heat exchange system shall meet the heat exchange requirements of
both heat storage and heat release conditions.
6.3.2 The oil-salt heat exchange system shall take the heat storage condition as the
design condition, the exothermic condition as the check condition.
6.3.3 The temperature of the thermal oil entering the oil-salt heat exchanger shall not
be lower than the crystallization temperature of the molten salt plus 20°C.
6.3.4 The molten salt side in the oil-salt heat exchange system shall meet the
requirements in 6.2.2.
6.3.5 The thermal oil side in the oil-salt heat exchange system shall meet the
requirements in 6.2.3.
6.4 Heat exchanger
6.4.1 The heat exchanger of the heat exchange system mainly includes: oil-salt heat
exchanger, thermal oil/steam-water heat exchanger and molten salt/steam-water heat
exchanger.
6.4.2 The technical requirements of the heat exchanger shall comply with the provisions
of TSG 21 and GB/T 151.
6.4.3 The type and capacity of the heat exchanger shall be comprehensively and
optimally determined according to factors such as system load, operating characteristics,
manufacturing capacity, transportation conditions, site layout and installation
requirements.
6.4.4 The heat exchanger shall be able to operate stably under normal working
conditions and meet the performance requirements under various working conditions.
6.4.5 The structural design of the heat exchanger shall consider the convenience of
maintenance and pipe blocking.
6.4.6 The molten salt heat exchanger shall be horizontal. At the same time, the complete
emptying of the molten salt medium under the action of gravity shall be ensured.
Eliminate the dead zone of salt discharge.
6.4.7 The shell-and-tube medium of the heat exchange equipment of the steam
6.5.4 The overpressure relief device on the molten salt and thermal oil side shall adopt
the combination of bursting disc and safety valve.
6.5.5 The safety relief device shall meet the requirements of frequent fluctuations in
medium pressure and temperature.
6.5.6 The overpressure relief device of the steam drum shall be installed on the steam
drum body.
6.5.7 The discharge capacity of the overpressure relief device of the steam drum shall
be greater than the maximum continuous evaporation capacity of the system.
6.6 Valve and instrument control
6.6.1 The valve shall comply with the regulations of NB/T 47044.
6.6.2 Instrument control requirements shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 51307
and HG/T 20507.
6.6.3 The valve actuator on the thermal oil side shall meet the explosion-proof design
requirements.
6.6.4 The design of thermal oil and molten salt valve body shall avoid the occurrence
of residual medium.
6.6.5 The influence of thermal oil and molten salt medium on valve sealing shall be
considered.
6.6.6 For molten salt side shut-off valve above DN100, butterfly valve shall be used.
6.6.7 The regulating performance of the regulating valve shall meet the system
operation requirements.
6.7 Electric heater
6.7.1 The molten salt steam generation system shall be equipped with a start-up electric
heater.
6.7.2 The power of the electric heater shall meet the requirements of the heating rate of
the water supply in the system piping and equipment.
6.7.3 Electric heaters shall be designed in groups.
6.8 Pump
6.8.1 The steam generation system shall be equipped with a start-up circulation pump
or a recirculation pump.
6.8.2 The circulating pump shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 5657.
6.8.3 The forced circulation pump motor shall adopt a water-immersed seal. Set up the
cooling system.
6.9 Pipeline
6.9.1 The design of the steam-water pipeline shall comply with the provisions of GB
50764 and DL/T 5054.
6.9.2 The design of the thermal oil pipeline shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
20801 (all parts) and GB/T 24259.
6.9.3 The design of the molten salt pipeline shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
20801 (all parts) and HG/T 20549.
6.9.4 The design of the pipe support and hanger shall comply with the provisions of
GB/T 17116 (all parts) and SH/T 3073.
6.9.5 The design of the pipeline shall meet the needs of thermal stability and safe
displacement of the pipeline.
6.9.6 The molten salt pipeline shall adopt the heat-insulating support hanger pipe clamp.
6.9.7 Pipes shall be connected by butt welding.
6.10 Anti-condensation requirements
6.10.1 The heat exchange system shall adopt anti-condensation measures of electric
heat tracing or steam tracing.
6.10.2 Electric heat tracing shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 32348 (all parts)
and GB/T 19518 (all parts). Steam tracing shall comply with the provisions of SH/T
3040.
6.10.3 All equipment, valves and pipelines through which molten salt flows on the
molten salt side shall take anti-condensation measures.
6.10.4 Anti-condensation measures shall be provided for thermal oil pipelines with a
risk of solidification.
6.10.5 The equipment, valves and pipelines in the system shall adopt a segmented heat
tracing system.
6.10.6 Each electric heat tracing branch circuit shall be provided with electrostatic
grounding and shall comply with the provisions of GB 12158 and SH/T 3097.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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