GB/T 29511-2013 PDF English
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Protective clothing -- Chemical protective clothing against solid particulates
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GB/T 29511-2013: PDF in English (GBT 29511-2013) GB/T 29511-2013
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 12.340.10
C 73
Protective clothing - Chemical protective clothing
against solid particulates
ISSUED ON: MAY 09, 2013
IMPLEMENTED ON: FEBRUARY 01, 2014
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Technical requirements ... 5
5 Test method ... 10
6 Identification ... 11
7 Packaging, transportation and storage ... 12
Appendix A (Normative) Test method for inward leakage of chemical protective
clothing against solid particulates ... 13
Appendix B (Normative) Test method for anti-particulate penetration efficiency
of fabrics ... 25
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard refers to ISO 13982.1: 2004 "Protective clothing for use against
solid particulates - Part 1: Performance requirements for chemical protective
clothing providing protection to the full body against airborne solid particulates
(type 5 clothing)", ISO 13982.2: 2004 “Protective clothing for use against solid
particulates - Part 2: Test method of determination of inward leakage of aerosols
of fine particles into suits”.
This Standard converts the contents of ISO 13982.2: 2004 into Appendix A of
this Standard.
This Standard was proposed by the State Administration of Work Safety.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
112 on Personal Protective Equipment of Standardization Administration of
China (SAC/TC 112).
The drafting organizations of this Standard: China Academy of Safety Science
and Technology, People's Liberation Army Institute of Chemical Defense, Du
Pont China Holding Co., Ltd., Beijing Yingtelai Technology Co., Ltd., the Second
Artillery Equipment Academy of Chinese People's Liberation Army.
The drafters of this Standard: Zhao Yang, Ding Songtao, Jin Junchao, He
Qingfang, Li Shuanghui, Li Hubin, Ding Zhixin, Yang Peiying.
Protective clothing - Chemical protective clothing
against solid particulates
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the gradation, basic performance requirements, test
methods and identification of chemical protective clothing against solid
particulates.
This Standard applies to the protective clothing that is required for the skin
protection of workers who are exposed to chemical contamination of
particulates in the workplace environment.
This Standard does not include technical requirements for supporting personal
protective equipment such as respiratory protective equipment, protective
gloves, protective shoes and other personal protective equipment.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 3917.3, Textiles - Tear properties of fabrics - Part 3: Determination of
tear force of trapezoid-shaped test specimens
GB/T 3923.1, Textiles - Tensile properties of fabrics - Part 1: Determination
of maximum force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method
GB/T 4744, Textiles - Testing and evaluation for water resistance -
Hydrostatic pressure method
GB/T 12586, Rubber or plastics-coated fabrics - Determination of resistance
to damage by flexing
GB/T 13640, Size designation of protective clothing
GB/T 13773.1, Textiles - Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up
textile articles - Part 1: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture
using the strip method
GB/T 20655, Protective clothing - Mechanical properties - Determination of
the resistance to puncture
GB/T 21196.2, Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics
by the Martindale method - Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown
GB 24539-2009, Protective clothing - Performance requirements of chemical
protective clothing
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this document.
3.1 Particle
Solid suspended matters or solid particles in the gas medium, of which the
landing speed can be ignored.
Note 1: It does not include volatile or permeable toxic particles.
Note 2: "The landing speed can be ignored" usually refers to the landing speed
lower than 0.25 m/s.
3.2 Inward leakage
The ratio OF the concentration of pollutants that leak into clothing from various
parts of protective clothing, including fabrics and connections TO the
concentration of pollutants in the environment.
Note: The inward leakage is expressed in percentages.
3.3 Penetration efficiency
The percentage of particle that penetrates the protective clothing fabric.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 The fabrics and accessories that are used in chemical protective clothing
against solid particulates (hereinafter referred to as protective clothing) shall be
non-irritating to the skin and harmless to health.
4.1.2 For protective clothing, under the premise of ensuring the protection, the
comfort of the protective clothing shall be fully considered. The comfort of the
fabric shall be evaluated on the basis of full consideration and assessment of
the material's air permeability, moisture and heat resistance. On the premise of
ensuring the strength of the material and the protective performance of the
protective clothing, try to use materials of small mass per unit area.
4.1.3 The protective clothing shall be compatible with other relevant personal
protective equipment as much as possible.
4.1.4 After maintenance according to the method that is recommended by the
manufacturer, protective clothing that can be used multiple times shall meet the
requirements that are specified in 4.3.
4.2 Design requirement
The design of protective clothing shall:
a) at least provide protection to the wearer's torso, head, arms and legs;
b) The fabric and style of protective clothing shall meet the requirements to
prevent the penetration of particles.
4.3 Performance requirements
4.3.1 Overall protective performance of protective clothing
Perform the overall protective performance test of protective clothing according
to the provisions of 5.1. It is required that the inward leakage of protective
clothing to particulate matter Ljmn, 82/90 ≤ 30%; the total inward leakage of each
protective clothing LS, 8/10 ≤ 15%.
Note 1: Ljmn, 82/90: inward leakage that is expressed in percentages. 82/90 refers
that when all 90 leakages are arranged in order from small to large,
take the 82nd inward leakage. The data includes all test actions,
collection points and inward leakage of protective clothing.
Note 2: LS, 8/10: the total inward leakage of each piece of protective clothing.
8/10 refers to the 8th value of the total inward leakage of all 10 pieces
of protective clothing in order from small to large.
Note 3: If more than 10 pieces of protective clothing are tested, for the Ljmn, 82/90
data, select at 91% from all leakages in ascending order; for the LS, 8/10
data, select at 80% from all total inward leakages in ascending order.
4.3.2 Fabric penetration resistance to particles
According to the provisions of 5.2, perform the test of protective clothing fabric
penetration resistance to solid particles. According to the lowest value of the
fabric penetration efficiency test result, it is graded and identified according to
Table 1; the fabric penetration efficiency shall not be lower than grade 1.
Table 1 -- Gradation of penetration efficiency
4.3.3 Resistance to water penetration of fabric
The requirements of the resistance to water penetration of the protective
clothing fabric are as follows:
a) Perform the test of resistance to water penetration of the protective
clothing fabric according to the provisions of 5.3; according to the lowest
value of test result of resistance to water penetration, it is graded and
identified according to Table 2; the resistance to water penetration of the
fabric shall not be less than grade 1;
b) Pretreat the fabric of the protective clothing according to the provisions of
GB/T 21196.2; for the abrasive, use standard wool cloth; the pressure is
9 kPa; after the sample is subjected to 100 times of friction treatment,
perform the test of resistance to water penetration according to the
provisions of 5.3; the resistance to water penetration drop shall not exceed
50%.
Table 2 -- Resistance to water penetration performance gradation
4.3.4 Fabric wear resistance
According to the provisions of 5.4, perform the fabric wear resistance test. The
test pressure is 9 kPa; according to the number of cycles that is required for
fabric damage, grade and identify the test results as Table 3. The wear
resistance of protective clothing shall not be lower than grade 1.
Grade Penetration efficiency η/ %
Grade Resistance to water penetration/ kPa
Table 3 -- Wear resistance gradation
4.3.5 Fabric flexural failure resistance
According to the provisions of 5.5, perform the fabric flexural failure resistance
test. According to the average value of flexural failure cycle number test results,
it is graded and identified according to Table 4. The requirements of the fabric
flexural failure resistance are shown in Table 4. The protective clothing fabric
flexural failure resistance shall not be lower than grade 1.
Table 4 -- Flexural failure resistance gradation
4.3.6 Fabric tear strength
According to the provisions of 5.6, perform the fabric tear strength test.
According to the minimum value of the fabric tear strength test result, it shall be
graded and identified according to Table 5. The tear strength of the fabric of the
protective clothing requires that the strength shall not be lower than grade 1.
Grade Number of cycles that is required to produce damage
Grade Number of cycles
Table 5 -- Tear strength gradation
4.3.7 Fabric breaking strength
According to the provisions of 5.7, perform the fabric breaking force test.
According to the test results of fabrics, the average value of breaking strength
is graded and identified according to Table 6. The breaking strength of the
protective clothing fabric requires that the breaking strength of the fabric shall
not be lower than grade 1.
Table 6 -- Breaking force gradation
4.3.8 Fabric puncture resistance
According to the provisions of 5.8, perform the fabric puncture resistance test.
According to the average value of the fabric puncture resistance test results, it
is graded and identified according to Table 7. The fabric puncture resistance
shall not be lower than grade 1.
Grade Tear strength/ N
Grade Breaking force/ N
Table 7 -- Puncture resistance gradation
4.3.9 Fabric high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance
According to the provisions of 5.9, after the fabric is pretreated at 70 °C or -
40 °C for 8 h, the breaking strength drop shall not exceed 30%.
4.3.10 Seam strength
According to the provisions of 5.10, perform the protective clothing seam
strength test. According to the average value of seam strength test results, it is
graded and identified according to Table 8. Seam strength shall not be lower
than grade 1.
Table 8 -- Seam strength gradation
5 Test method
5.1 The overall protective performance of protective clothing against particles
shall be tested according to the method that is specified in Appendix A.
5.2 The fabric penetration resistance to solid particles is tested according to the
provisions of Appendix B.
5.3 The resistance to water penetration of the fabric is tested according to the
method that is specified in GB/T 4744.
Grade Puncture resistance/ N
Grade Seam strength/ N
5.4 The wear resistance of the fabric is tested according to the method that is
specified in GB/T 21196.2; the sandpaper is required to be in accordance with
the provisions of Appendix F of GB 24539-2009.
5.5 The fabric flexural failure resistance is tested according to the method that
is specified in GB/T 12586.
5.6 The fabric tear strength is tested according to the method that is specified
in GB/T 3917.3.
5.7 The fabric breaking force is tested according to the method that is specified
in GB/T 3923.1.
5.8 The fabric puncture resistance is tested according to the method that is
specified in GB/T 20655.
5.9 The fabric high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance is
tested according to the method that is specified in 6.15 of GB 24539-2009.
5.10 The seam strength of protective clothing is tested according to the method
that is specified in GB/T 13773.1.
6 Identification
6.1 Permanent identification
The protective clothing shall have the product name, implementation standard,
product category code, production date, manufacturer name and address, and
size specifications.
6.2 Certificate of quality
The content of the certificate of quality shall include at least the product name,
size specifications, batch or production date, factory name and factory address.
6.3 Packaging
The protective clothing and its independent outer packaging shall have the
product name, trademark, product category code, and size specifications.
6.4 Instruction book
Product instruction book shall be included in the individual packaging of the
protective clothing; the product instruction book shall include at least:
a) restrictions on use;
b) product type and main performance grade;
c) size;
d) period of validity;
e) test program before use;
f) maintenance information;
g) failure and disposal recommendations.
7 Packaging, transportation and storage
The product shall be stored in a dry and ventilated place. During transportation,
the packaging must not be damaged, and shall be kept clean, free from
pressure, heat and moisture, and direct sunlight.
Appendix A
(Normative)
Test method for inward leakage of chemical protective clothing against
solid particulates
A.1 Scope
This Appendix specifies the test method for the inward leakage of protective
clothing.
A.2 Principle
The aerosol generator generates standard NaCl particle aerosols and passes
into the test room to maintain a relatively stable state. The measured object
wears the measured protective clothing and performs the test action in the test
room according to a predetermined plan. The particle detector measures the
concentration of NaCl particle aerosol in the measured protective clothing at a
fixed sampling point; evaluate the overall protective performance of the
protective clothing against particles by the following indicators:
-- the single inward leakage Lijmn at each sampling point;
-- the total inward leakage LS of each piece of measured protective clothing;
-- the total inward leakage LH of each measured object;
-- the total inward leakage LE of each test action;
-- the total inward leakage LP at each sampling point;
-- the average total inward leakage .
A.3 Test device
Figure A.1 and Figure A.2 are the layout of the inward leakage detection device.
Notes:
1 -- aerosol generator;
2 -- compressed air pump;
3 -- test room;
4 -- test sample;
5 -- air line (sampling line and air supply line) that is connected to clothing;
6 -- particle detector;
7 -- flow meter;
8 -- horizontal pedal transmission test bench;
9 -- pipeline and baffle;
10 -- dry, clean air.
Figure A.1 -- Test device layout
Notes:
1 -- aerosol generator;
2 -- compressed air pump;
3 -- test room;
4 -- test sample;
5 -- air line (sampling line and air supply line) that is connected to clothing;
6 -- particle detector;
7 -- flow meter;
8 -- horizontal pedal transmission test bench;
9 -- pipeline and baffle;
10 -- dry, clean air.
Note: For certain types of particle detectors, due to the limitation of the detection device range,
it’s necessary to use clean air carrier gas to dilute the sample air. During the test, in order
to avoid condensation in the pipeline, send dry and clean air to the air pipeline (5) behind
the sampling probe; or heat the pipeline or use other suitable methods to prevent
condensation. When calculating the concentration at the sampling point, the dilution of
the carrier gas shall be considered.
Figure A.2 -- Layout of the test device with improved test method (add
additional dry and clean air at the test tube)
A.3.1 NaCl particle aerosol generator
1 unit; the generated gas volume is not less than 100 L/min; the NaCl particle
aerosol concentration is (10 ± 1) mg/m3; the concentration change in the
effective space of the test room is ≤ ±10%. The aerodynamic particle size
distribution of particles shall be (0.02 ~ 2) μm; the mass median diameter is
about 0.6 μm.
A.3.2 Particle detector
2 detectors, which are, respectively, used to detect the aerosol concentration of
NaCl particles in the test room and the measured protective clothing. The
dynamic range is (0.001 ~ 200) mg/m3; the accuracy is ±1%; the response time
of the detector is ≤500 ms.
A.3.3 Horizontal pedal transmission test bench
1 set; the running speed is (5 ± 0.5) km/h; it is installed in the test room.
A.3.4 Sampling pump and air line
2 sets, which are, respectively, used to collect and detect the NaCl particle
aerosol in the test room and the measured protective clothing. The flow range
is (0.05 ~ 4) L/min; the flow fluctuation is < ±0.2 L/min. It can be guaranteed
that the sampling probe can sample at a flow rate of (2 ± 0.5) L/min inside the
measured protective clothing.
In order to ensure that the decompression that is generated by sampling in the
measured protective clothing does not cause additional inward leakage, it shall
be delivered into the measured protective clothing at the rate of (2 ± 0.5) L/min
while sampling. Clean air can be input through one of the other two sampling
probes in the sampling intermittent state in the sampling order that is given in
Table A.1.
A.3.5 Sampling probe
4 sampling probes, as shown in Figure A.3. One of them shall be used to detect
the concentration of NaCl particle aerosol in the test room environment; the
other three are used to measure the concentration of NaCl particle aerosol
inside the measured protective clothing. The sampling probe is connected to a
transparent plastic tube, of which the inner diameter is 4.0 mm and the length
is suitable.
in millimeters
Notes:
1 -- sampling probe.
Figure A.3 -- Sampling probe
A.4 Sample and measured object
A.4.1 The measured object
Select 5 measured objects; each measured object shall be free of
contraindications and situations unsuitable for this test that are stipulated in
relevant laws and regulations.
A.4.2 Sample
Test 10 pieces of protective clothing; each measured object shall wear two
pieces of protective clothing for testing. Choose the protective clothing of
appropriate size according to the body of the measured object, and the
manufacturer's instruction book.
A.5 Test environmental conditions
The test environmental temperature in the test room is (20 ± 5) °C; the relative
humidity is ≤60%. During the test, before and after testing each piece of
protective clothing, record and report the ambient temperature and relative
humidity inside the test room.
A.6 Test procedure
A.6.1 Determine the sampling probe position
The position of the three sampling probes that are used to measure the
concentration of NaCl particle aerosol inside the measured protective clothing
shall be close to the body of the measured object, as shown in Figure A.4.
Notes:
1 -- on the right chest;
2 -- at the posterior waist;
3 -- on the side of the knee.
a The position of the second probe is on the back.
Figure A.4 -- Positions of the three sampling probes on the body of the
measured object
For a two-piece protective clothing that is equipped with an elastic waistband
or a belt to be worn on the clothing, the position of the sampling point shall be
carefully selected. The sampling probe shall be fixed on the underwear, and
shall not directly contact the skin. The sampling line that is connected to the
sampling probe inside the measured protective clothing shall be fixed at a
position close to the body of the measured object; at 5 cm ~ 15 cm above the
wrist, it passes through the fabric of the measured protective clothing and is
sealed. The influence of the sampling pipeline through the protective clothing
fabric and the fixing on the wearing performance of the protective clothing is as
small as possible; it shall not hinder the activity of the measured object.
A.6.2 Determine the sampling order
Table A.1 gives the sampling order of the sampling probe.
Table A.1 -- Sampling order of the sampling probe
Measuring sequence
Time/
min
Position of
sampling
probe
Position of
sampling
probe for
delivering
clean air
Test action S/N Measuring content
Measure the basic test
environment concentration
of aerosol inside the
measured protective
clothing before the aerosol
is generated
- Knee Chest
Stand still
- Posterior waist Knee
- Chest Posterior waist
Wait for the concentration
to stabilize and measure
the aerosol concentration
in the test room
- - -
Measure the aerosol
concentration in the
measured protective
clothing
3 Knee Chest
Stand still 3
Posterior
waist Knee
3 Chest Posterior waist
3 Knee Chest
Walk at a speed of 5
km/h
3 Posterior waist Knee
3 Chest Posterior waist
Aerosol concentration
inside the protective
clothing when standing
stable between walking
and squatting
1 Knee Chest
Stand still 1
Posterior
waist Knee
1 Chest Posterior waist
5 Measure the aerosol concentration inside the
3 Knee Chest Use both hands to hold
the handle at a height of
(1 ± 0.05) m above the 3
Posterior
waist Knee
measured protective
clothing
3 Chest Posterior waist
standing surface;
perform a continuous
squat at a frequency of 5
squats per minute
between standing
straight and fully
bending the knee
Measure the aerosol
concentration inside the
test room.
- - - Stand still
A.6.3 Operating procedures
A.6.3.1 Preparation before test
A.6.3.1.1 Check each piece of measured protective clothing to ensure that the
protection is intact; when using this method for testing, there is no danger of
use.
A.6.3.1.2 The measured object shall wear tight underwear (such as polyester/
cotton trousers and T-shirts with long sleeves). After testing each piece of
measured protective clothing, underwear shall be replaced.
A.6.3.1.3 The measured object wears according to the manufacturer's
instructions. If necessary, the tester shall show the measured object how to
properly wear the measured protective clothing according to the instructions,
and shall inform the measured object that the measured protective clothing can
be adjusted during the test, but the tester shall be notified in time after the
adjustment, so as to ensure that there is sufficient time to return the system to
a stable state and repeat the relevant tests.
A.6.3.1.4 The tester shall confirm whether the clothing fits to each measured
object who wears the measured protective clothing. After receiving a positive
answer, the next test can be carried out.
A.6.3.1.5 Fix the sampling probe on the measured protective clothing; connect
the air line; ensure that the sampling probe is sealed through the protective
clothing. According to the manufacturer's instructions, wear the protective
clothing and other protective equipment, such as protective boots, protective
gloves, protective hoods, protective masks, etc., for the measured object. If the
manufacturer's instructions do not specify other protective equipment to be
used, the measured object shall not need to be equipped with additional
protective equipment except for wearing appropriate respiratory protective
equipment, such as respiratory protective equipment. If the manufacturer's
instructions do not require the measured protective clothing to be fixed to any
part of the body of the measured object (such as the wrist or ankle) or any
additional equipment that is worn by the measured object (such as protective
gloves or protective boots), there is no need to fix it.
A.6.3.2 Measure the basic test environmental concentration in the test
room
Let the measured object enter the test room. Before the aerosol generator
works, measure and report the air sample concentration that is taken by all
three sampling probes as the measured basic test environmental concentration
(Table A.1 No. 1). If the basic test environmental concentration is high, it shall
investigate the cause and correct it, so as to ensure that the basic test
environmental concentration is at an appropriate level.
A.6.3.3 Measure the test room environmental concentration
Start the aerosol generator until the aerosol concentration of NaCl particles in
the test room environment is stabilized. Make sure that the measured object
stays still during this process. Measure and report the aerosol concentration of
NaCl particles in the test room environment (corresponding to Table A.1 No. 2).
If the aerosol concentration of NaCl particles in the test room environment
needs more than 1 min to stabilize, the inside of the measured protective
clothing shall be ventilated, so as to avoid the penetration of particles into the
measured protective clothing.
A.6.3.4 Test
A.6.3.4.1 In accordance with the sampling order in Table A.1, respectively
sample to measure the NaCl particle aerosol concentration at three positions,
namely the knee (side), waist (back), and chest (right) of the measured object.
Calculate and report the average concentration of the last 100 s of each test
action and the average concentration of each sampling point. An integral
recorder shall be used to measure the average concentration.
A.6.3.4.2 Complete the test of a protective clothing; turn off the aerosol
generator; stop sampling and testing.
A.6.3.4.3 According to the above steps, complete the detection of 10 pieces of
protective clothing samples, in total, through 5 measured objects, in turn.
A.6.3.5 Matters needing attention
a) While the test is in progress, the measured object shall not be given any
hints about the test results.
b) At the end of each protective clothing test, the NaCl particle aerosol
concentration in the test room environment shall not exceed the range of
± 10% of the NaCl particle aerosol concentration in the test room
environment before the test. If it exceeds the range, the test results shall
be discarded, and the problem shall be corrected before re-testing.
c) For Table A.1 No. 4, measure and record the concentration when standing
stable between walking and squatting, but do not calculate and report.
A.7 Calculation of test re......
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Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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