GB 7258-2017 PDF in English
GB 7258-2017 (GB7258-2017) PDF English
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[Including 2019XG1, 2021XG2] Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on roads
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Safety specifications for power-driven vehicles operating on roads
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Standards related to (historical): GB 7258-2017
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GB 7258-2017: PDF in English GB 7258-2017
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
T 09
Replacing GB 7258-2012
Technical specifications for safety of
power-driven vehicles operating on roads
[Including 2019XG1 Amendment List]
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 29, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2018
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 17
1 Scope ... 18
2 Normative references ... 18
3 Terms and definitions ... 21
4 Vehicle ... 32
5 Engine and drive motor ... 53
6 Steering system ... 54
7 Brake system ... 55
8 Lighting, tell-tale and other electrical equipment ... 68
9 Driving system ... 78
10 Transmission system ... 81
11 Vehicle body ... 83
12 Safety protection devices ... 93
13 Additional requirements for fire engines, ambulances, engineering rescue
vehicles and police vehicles ... 106
14 Additional requirements for vehicles for handicapped driving ... 107
15 Transitional period requirements for standard implementation ... 107
References ... 112
[2019XG1] No.1 Amendment List of national standard ... 114
Technical specifications for safety of
power-driven vehicles operating on roads
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic technical requirements on the running safety
such as motor vehicle main assembly and safety protection devices, as well as
the additional requirements for the fire engines, ambulances, engineering
rescue vehicles and police cars and vehicles for handicapped driving.
This standard applies to all motor vehicles traveling on the road in China.
However, it does not apply to trams and wheeled special purpose mechanical
vehicles which are not designed and manufactured for use on the road and
mainly for the operation and construction in closed roads and places.
Note: Tram refers to the motor-driven, overhead power supply, track carrying
road vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB 811 Helmets for motorcyclists
GB 1589 Limits of dimensions, axle load and masses for motor vehicles,
trailers and combination vehicles
GB/T 2408-2008 Plastics - Determination of burning characteristics -
Horizontal and vertical test
GB/T 3181 Color standard for paint film
GB 4094 Motor vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB/T 4094.2 Electric vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB 4599 Motor vehicle headlamps equipped with filament lamps
GB 4785 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-
signaling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB 5948 Photometric characteristics of motorcycle headlamps equipped
with filament light sources
GB 7956.1 Fire fighting vehicles - Part 1: General technical specifications
GB 8108 Vehicle electronic sirens
GB/T 8196 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the
design and construction of fixed and movable guards
GB 8410 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB 9656 Safety glazing materials for road vehicles
GB 10396 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn
and garden equipment - Safety signs and hazard pictorials - General
principles
GB 11567 Motor vehicles and trailers - Lateral and rear underrun protection
requirements
GB/T 12428 Laden mass calculating method for buses
GB 12676 Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial
vehicle and trailer braking systems
GB 13057 The strength of the seats and their anchorages of passenger
vehicles
GB 13365 Spark arrester
GB 13392 The vehicle mark for road transportation dangerous goods
GB 13954 Warning lamps for police cars, fire engines, ambulances and
engineering rescue vehicles
GB/T 14172 Static roll stability test method for motor vehicles
GB 15084 Motor vehicles - Devices for indirect vision - Requirements of
performance and installation
GB 15365 Symbols for controls indicators and telltales for motorcycles and
mopeds
GB 16735 Road vehicle - Vehicle identification number (VIN)
GB 17352 Performance and installation requirements of rear views mirrors
for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 17578 Requirements and test methods of strength for the superstructure
of bus
GB/T 17676 Natural gas vehicle and liquefied petroleum gas vehicle
Identification marks
GB 18100.1 Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices
for motorcycles - Part 1: Two wheels motorcycle
GB 18100.2 Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices
for motorcycles - Part 2: Two wheels moped
GB 18100.3 Provisions for installation of lighting and light-signaling devices
for motorcycles - Part 3: Three-wheel motorcycles
GB/T 18411 Road Vehicle - Manufacturer’s Plate
GB 18447.1 Safety requirements for tractors - Part 1: Wheeled tractors
GB 18564.1 Road tanker for dangerous liquid goods transportation - Part 1:
Technical requirements of atmospheric pressure metal tank
GB 18564.2 Road tanker for dangerous liquid goods transportation - Part 2:
Technical requirements of atmospheric pressure non-metal tank
GB/T 18697 Acoustics - Measurement of noise inside motor vehicles
GB/T 19056 Vehicle travelling data recorder
GB 19151 Warning triangles for motor vehicle
GB 19152 Motor vehicle headlamps emitting a symmetrical passing beam
or a driving beam or both
GB 20074 External projections for motorcycles and mopeds
GB 20075 Passenger hand-holds on motorcycles
GB 20300 Safety specifications for road transportation vehicle of explosive
substance and chemical toxic substance
GB 21259 Headlamps equipped with gas - discharge light sources for motor
vehicle
GB 21668 Provisions of vehicles for the carriage of dangerous goods with
regard to their specific constructional features
GB 23254 Retro-reflective markings for goods vehicles and trailers
GB 24315 The marker for school bus
GB 24406 The strength of student seat systems and their anchorages of
special school bus
GB 24407 The safety technique specifications of special school bus
GB/T 24545 Requirement of speed limitation system for motor vehicles
GB/T 25978 Road vehicle - Plate and label
GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers
GB 25991 Automotive headlamps with LED light sources and/or LED
modules
GB 26511 Front underrun protective requirements for commercial vehicle
GB/T 26774 Technical specification for car carriers
GB/T 30036 Adaptive front-lighting system for motor vehicles
GB 30678 Safety signs and information symbols for the use of bus
GB/T 31883 Road vehicles - Drawbar couplings, drawbar eyes, fifth wheel
kingpins, hook couplings and toroidal eyes - Wear limits for in-use
mechanical couplings
GB 34655 Specifications for extinguishing equipment arrangement in bus
GA 524-2004 Specification of 2004 style police vehicle unified appearance
coating
GA 525-2004 Specification of 2004 style police motorcycle unified
appearance coating
GA 923 Specification of special police vehicle unified appearance coating
GA 1264 Fixed fire extinguishing systems for compartment of bus
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Power-driven vehicle
3.2.1.3.1.4
Special bus
Buses designed and manufactured for carrying specific personnel and
performing specific functions, such as special school buses; it also includes
the special buses equipped with special equipment and appliances, and
more than 9 seats (including driver's seat).
3.2.1.3.2
Bus with standing passenger area
Buses with the maximum designed speed less than 70 km/h, with seats and
passenger standing area, and enough space for frequent passengers to get
on and off when there are frequent stops, with fixed bus operation routes
and stations, running mainly in urban built-up areas; it also includes
trolleybus, which is the motor-driven bus connected with the power line.
3.2.1.4
School bus
7-seat above passenger car that is used for schooling of preschool children
over 3 years of age or students for compulsory education.
3.2.1.4.1
School bus for infants
School bus for schooling of preschool children over 3 years of age.
3.2.1.4.2
School bus for primary student
School bus for schooling of primary students.
3.2.1.4.3
School bus for primary and middle school student
School bus for schooling of nine-year compulsory education students
(primary and junior high school students).
3.2.1.4.4
Special school bus
[GB 1589-2016, Definition 3.5]
3.2.3
Special motor vehicle
Motor vehicles that are equipped with special equipment or appliances,
designed and manufactured for engineering projects (including health care),
such as goods vehicle cranes, fire engines, concrete pump goods vehicles,
wrecker goods vehicles, aerial vehicles, road sweepers, dirt pickup vehicles,
drilling locomotives, instrument vehicles, inspection vehicles, monitoring
vehicles, power vehicles, communication vehicles, TV vehicles, blood
collection vehicles, medical vehicles, medical examination medical carts,
etc., excluding the motor vehicles that are equipped with special equipment
or appliances but the number of seats (including driver’s seat) exceeds 9
(except for fire engines).
3.2.4
Gaseous fuel vehicle
Motor vehicles equipped with an engine powered by a gas such as LPG,
natural gas or gas.
3.2.5
Bi-fuel vehicle
Motor vehicles with two sets of independent fuel supply systems, and the
two sets of fuel supply systems are available for separate but not
simultaneous supply of fuel to the combustion chamber, such as
gasoline/CNG bi-fuel vehicles, gasoline/LPG bi-fuel vehicles and the like.
3.2.6
Dual-fuel vehicle
Motor vehicles with two sets of fuel supply systems and the two sets of fuel
supply systems supply fuel to the combustion chamber at a predetermined
ratio and then the fuel is mixed and combusted in the cylinder, such as
diesel-compressed natural gas dual-fuel vehicles, diesel-liquefied petroleum
gas dual-fuel vehicles and the like.
3.2.7
Battery electric vehicle
Motor vehicles driven by the motor and the driving power is from the on-
3.4.2
Goods road train
Combination of goods vehicle and draw-bar trailer or center axle trailer.
3.4.2.1
Draw-bar trailer combination
Combination of goods vehicle and draw-bar trailer.
3.4.2.2
Center axle trailer combination
Combination of goods vehicle and center axle trailer.
3.4.3
Articulated vehicle
Combination of semi-towing trailer and semi-trailer, it also includes the
combination of goods vehicles with connecting plate and caravan semi-
trailer.
3.5
Road transportation vehicle for dangerous goods
Goods vehicles, trailers, and combination of vehicles that are designed and
manufactured to transport dangerous goods.
3.6
Motorcycle and moped
Road vehicles driven by power devices, with two or three wheels, excluding:
a) Tri-wheeled vehicles with a curb weight of more than 400 kg, without a
cab, for carrying cargo;
b) Tri-wheeled vehicles with a curb weight of over 600 kg, without a cab,
without the structure or function of the cargo carrying, designed and
manufactured to accommodate a maximum of 2 people, including drivers;
c) Tri-wheeled vehicle with a curb weight of more than 600 kg, with a cab;
d) The mobile wheelchairs dedicated for the handicapped driving that has a
maximum design speed, vehicle curb weight, outline size and other
regardless of the driving mode, and:
- Having a displacement not greater than 50 mL if using internal combustion
engine;
- Having a motor rated power sum not greater than 4 kW if using the power
driving.
3.6.2.1
Moped with two wheels
Two-wheeled moped equipped with two rear wheels on the vehicle's
longitudinal center plane.
3.6.2.2
Right three-wheeled moped
A moped equipped with two rear wheels that are symmetrical with the front
wheels.
3.7
Tractor towing trailer for transportation
Power-driven vehicles composed of a tractor towing a trailer for the purposes
of goods carriage, including wheeled tractor trailer for transportation and
walking tractor trailer for transportation.
Note 1: The tractors referred to in this standard refer to walking tractors with
a maximum design speed of not more than 20 km/h and can only performing
road transportation work after towing a trailer, as well as the wheeled tractor
with a maximum design speed of not more than 40 km/h and can only
performing road transportation work after towing a trailer.
Note 2: Walking tractor trailer for transportation also includes handheld
variable transport machine, that is, the turning steering trailer for
transportation having an engine 12h nominal power not more than 14.7 kW,
using walking tractor chassis, changing the handle into a steering wheel, and
connecting to a trailer.
3.8
Wheeled mobile machinery for special purposes
Wheeled machinery with special structure and special features, equipped
with rubber wheels to run on their own, with the maximum design speed
greater than 20 km/h, such as loaders, graders, excavators, bulldozers, etc.,
identification codes (or vehicle identification numbers) for wheeled mobile
machinery for special purposes shall be engraved on the structural part at right
front of vehicle, or on other vehicle structural parts if restricted by structure. For
other power-driven vehicles (except for motorcycles and mopeds), it shall
engrave the vehicle model and exit-factory number at the corresponding eye-
catching position, with the model in front of the exit-factory number, at both ends
of the exit-factory number shall be engraved with the start and end marks.
Parts engraved with a vehicle identification number (or product identification
code, complete vehicle model and serial number) shall not be ground, cut and
repaired, cushioned, chipped, repainted (except for the painting technology
used to protect the engraved vehicle identification number during design and
manufacture), there shall not be any covering on the surface of a sufficiently
large area around the engraved area; if there is a covering, the surface of the
covering shall be clearly marked with “vehicle identification number” or “VIN”,
and the covering can be directly removed (or uncovered) and restored without
using any special tools, to easily observe a surface that is large enough to
include the engraved area.
Engraved vehicle identification number (or product identification code, vehicle
model and serial number) from above (front) side shall be easy for observation
and rubbing; for motor vehicles and trailers, it shall also be able to be
photographed. The height of the letter and number of the engraved vehicle
identification number shall be greater than or equal to 7.0 mm, the depth shall
be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm (for passenger cars and enclosed goods
vehicles having a total mass of less than or equal to 3500 kg, the depth shall
be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm), but the motorcycle and moped word height
shall be greater than or equal to 5.0 mm, the depth shall be greater than or
equal to 0.2 mm. Engraved vehicle model and exit-factory number height shall
be 10.0 mm, depth shall be greater than or equal to 0.3 mm. The total length of
engraved vehicle identification number (or product identification code, complete
vehicle model and serial number) shall be less than or equal to 200 mm, the
font and size of the letter and number shall be the same (except for the vehicle
identification number engraved in different parts); when there is start and end
marks at both ends of the engraved vehicle identification number, the space
between the start and end marks and the letter and number shall be close and
uniform.
Vehicle identification number (or product identification code, vehicle model and
exit-factory serial number) shall not be changed or altered after being engraved,
except for the re-marking or change as specified in GB 16735. On the frame of
the same power-driven vehicle (or on the unremovable parts of the vehicle body
which are mainly for load bearing purposes for the frameless power-driven
vehicles), it shall not engrave both the vehicle identification number (or product
identification code) and the vehicle model and serial number at the same time.
All vehicle identification numbers on the same vehicles shall be the same.
compartment with the vehicle identification number at a position which cannot
be observed from the outside but can be directly observed after opening, and
at least five major components shall be marked of the vehicle identification
number; however, if the manufacturer uses the production management system
which allows to trace the vehicle uniqueness information such as the vehicle
identification number from the component number, the major components can
be marked of the component number.
Vehicle identification number or part number shall be engraved directly or use
the label which can be permanently maintained to attach in the target area of
the major component as specified by the manufacturer, the character and code
height shall ensure that the content can be clearly identified.
4.1.8 In addition to the vehicle identification number engraved in accordance
with 4.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.5, as for the fence type, storage/stack type, auto-dumping
type, and tank type goods vehicles having a total mass greater than or equal to
12000 kg as well as the fence type, storage/stack type, auto-dumping type, and
tank type trailers having a total mass greater than or equal to 10000 kg, it shall
also engrave at least two vehicle identification numbers on the goods container
or atmospheric pressure tank (or on the structural parts designed and
manufactured to fix onto the goods container or atmospheric pressure tank and
used to connect the frame). Engraved vehicle identification number shall be
located at the right and left sides of the goods container (atmospheric pressure
tank) or front end surface at a position which is easy for photography, the depth,
height, and total length shall comply with the provisions of 4.1.3; if it is engraved
at the left and right sides of the goods container (atmospheric pressure tank),
the distance to the front end surface of the goods container (atmospheric
pressure tank) shall be less than or equal to 1000 mm; if it is engraved on the
connection structural parts at left and right sides, it shall be as close to the front
end surface of the goods container (atmospheric pressure tank) as possible.
4.1.9 The markings of the road transportation vehicles for dangerous goods
shall comply with the provisions of GB 13392; among them, road transportation
vehicles for explosives and highly toxic chemicals shall also comply with the
provisions of GB 20300. There shall be a metallic tank nameplate at the right
side of the tank body of the tank type road transportation vehicles for dangerous
goods or of the support welded to the tank, and the nameplate of the tank body
shall be marked with the unique code, tank design code, tank volume and other
information.
4.1.10 When modifying or repairing a power-driven vehicle, the vehicle
identification number (or the complete vehicle model and the exit-factory
number), the engine model and the exit-factory number, the part number, the
product nameplate and the engine identification shall not be covered (shielded),
ground, cut and repaired, cushion treatment, drilled or other destructive
operations, and it shall also not destroy or perform unauthorized modifications
minimum value for approval.
4.4.1.2 Under no-load and full-load conditions, the ratio of the axle load (or
steering wheel load) of the steering axle to the curb mass and total mass of the
vehicle shall be greater than or equal to:
- Passenger car: 30%;
- Tri-wheeled vehicles, right three-wheeled motorcycles: 18%;
- Other motor vehicles: 20%.
Articulated vehicle shall be verified for the towing vehicle at no-load and full
load conditions, the articulated buses and articulated trolleybus shall be verified
for the front vehicle at no-load and full load conditions.
4.4.1.3 When the wrecker is under traction, the steering axle load shall be
greater than or equal to 15% of the total mass.
4.4.1.4 The maximum allowable loading mass of the trailer of goods road train
shall be less than or equal to the maximum allowable loading mass of the goods
vehicle.
4.4.1.5 The total mass of the semi-trailer of the articulated vehicle shall be less
than or equal to the maximum allowable towing mass of the semi-trailer tractor.
4.4.1.6 The towed mass ratio of the wheeled tractor towing trailer for
transportation (the ratio of trailer maximum allowable total mass to the tractor
usage mass) shall be less than or equal to 3.
4.4.2 Passenger number approval of passenger cars and motor caravan
4.4.2.1 When the passenger compartment internal width is greater than or
equal to 1200 mm, the verified number of passengers of the front seats shall
be 2, when it is greater than or equal to 1650 mm, the verified number of
passengers of the front seats is 3, but the seat cushion width and depth for each
front seat passenger shall be greater than or equal to 400 mm, and it shall not
be used as students seat for passenger number approval.
Note: The front passenger compartment internal width refers to the minimum
value measured between the door interior panels extending from the lower
edge of the doors and windows on both sides to the rear pillar at the door; if
there is hand rest area designed and manufactured for the door, it refers to the
minimum value between the door interior panels above the hand rest plane.
4.4.2.2 For other rows of seats than the front seats, when it can ensure that the
spacing to the front row of seat is greater than or equal to 600 mm and the seat
cushion depth is greater than or equal to 400 mm (or the spacing to the front
backward seats failing to comply with the provisions of 4.4.2.3, there is no
verified number of passengers.
4.4.2.5 The verified number of passengers of a motor caravan shall be less than
or equal to 9, but the verified number of passengers of a motor caravan having
a length less than 6 m shall be less than or equal to 6. For the motor caravan
having a length greater than or equal to 6 m which is modified from goods
vehicle chassis, when the personnel movement cannot be ensured between
the cab and the caravan compartment, there is no verified number of
passengers for the caravan compartment; for the motor caravan having a length
less than 6 m which is modified from goods vehicle chassis, when there is a
through opening of an area greater than or equal to 4.0 x 105 mm2 and being
able to connect to a 500 mm x 700 mm rectangle between the cab and the
caravan compartment, it can verify the number of passengers for the caravan
compartment. There is no verified number of passengers for the beds (including
those converted from tables and chairs) of the motor caravan.
4.4.3 Bus passenger number verification
4.4.3.1 It is verified by the crew mass: determined by GB/T 12428.
4.4.3.2 It is verified in accordance with the seat cushion width and standing
passenger valid area: there is 1 person verified per 400 mm of seat cushion of
long seat (referring to the seat having a cushion and backrest in a strip for
seating of two or more passengers), but when used as a student seat, there is
1 person verified per 280 mm for school bus for infants (or 330 mm for special
school bus for infants), 1 person verified per 350 mm for school bus for primary
students, 1 person verified per 380 mm for school bus for primary and
secondary students; when the single seat cushion width is greater than 400 mm
(380 mm for student seats), the verified number of passenger is 1 person. For
the passenger cars with standing passenger area, it is calculated as per the
standing passenger valid area as established in accordance with GB/T 12428,
with 1 standing passenger verified per 0.125 m2; the number of standing
passengers is not verified for the upper decker of double-decker bus and other
buses.
4.4.3.3 It is verified in accordance with sleeper number: 1 person is verified for
each sleeper of the sleeper passenger car, 1 person for the driver’s seat, the
number of passengers is not verified for passenger seats (including vehicle
crew seats).
4.4.3.4 The seats in front of the transverse vertical plane wherein the foldable
single seat and driver's seat point R is located shall not be used as student seat
for passenger number verification.
4.4.3.5 For the school buses for infants, primary students, and primary and
passengers of road transportation vehicle for dangerous goods shall be less
than or equal to 3.
4.4.5 Passenger number verification for motorcycle and moped
4.4.5.1 For the motorcycles with two wheels and the right three-wheeled
motorcycles with two front wheels and one rear wheel, in addition to the driver,
one more passenger is verified if there is fixed seat.
4.4.5.2 For the motorcycles with sidecar, in addition to the driver, one more
passenger is verified for the main vehicle and side car, respectively, if having
fixed seats.
4.4.5.3 The verified passenger number is 1 driver for the cab of the right three-
wheeled motorcycle; when the passenger compartment has a longitudinally
arranged (same as the power-driven vehicle traveling direction) fixed seats (the
seat cushion depth of this fixed seat is greater than or equal to 400 mm and its
distance to the driver’s seat is greater than or equal to 650 mm), one passenger
is verified per 400 mm of seat cushion width, but at most 2 passengers; if the
above conditions cannot be met, the passenger number is not verified for the
passenger compartment.
4.4.5.4 The verified passenger for moped is 1 driver.
4.4.6 Special provisions
4.4.6.1 For the passenger cars designed and manufactured with seating
facilities for mobility-impaired passengers (such as wheelchair occupants),
ambulances equipped with stretchers, and other motor vehicles for carrying
special passengers, if it is equipped with wheelchairs (or stretchers) and other
user restraint system, 1 person is verified for each restraint system, and the
passenger number for other seats is verified in accordance with 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2,
4.4.2.3, 4.4.3 and 4.4.4.
4.4.6.2 The number of passengers for fire engines, medical vehicles, physical
examination medical vehicles and other special motor vehicles is verified with
reference to 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2, 4.......
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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