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GB/T 12786-2021: General technical conditions for automatic internal combustion engine power stations
Status: Valid GB/T 12786: Evolution and historical versions
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General technical conditions for automatic internal combustion engine power stations
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GB/T 12786-2021
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| GB/T 12786-2006 | English | 719 |
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General specification for automatic electric power plant with internal combustion engines
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| GB/T 12786-1991 | English | 439 |
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Automatic diesel generating sets for general specification
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 12786-2021 (GB/T12786-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | General technical conditions for automatic internal combustion engine power stations | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K52 | | Word Count Estimation | 28,215 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 12786-2021: General technical conditions for automatic internal combustion engine power stations
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(General technical requirements for automatic internal combustion engine power plants)
ICS 29.160.40
K52
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 12786-2006, GB/T 4712-2008
General technical requirements for automatic internal combustion engine power plants
Released on 2021-04-30
2021-11-01 implementation
State Administration of Market Supervision and Administration
Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee
Table of contents
Foreword Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 1
4 Classification and Grading 2
4.1 Classification 2
4.2 Grade 3
5 Technical requirements 3
5.1 General 3
5.2 Environmental conditions 4
5.3 Types of output power rating and operation mode 5
5.4 Items to be considered during design 5
5.5 Appearance 6
5.6 Structure 6
5.7 Indication, control and protection devices 6
5.8 Startup requirements and load 7
5.9 Automation requirements 7
5.10 Performance Index 9
5.11 Security 13
5.12 Fuel consumption rate and oil consumption rate 14
5.13 Reliability and maintainability 15
5.14 Limit indicators for environmental pollution 15
5.15 Driving, transportation and braking 17
6 Quality Assurance Regulations 17
6.1 Inspection classification 17
6.2 Inspection conditions 18
6.3 Appraisal (finalization) inspection 18
6.4 Quality consistency inspection 19
6.5 Inspection items 19
7 Complete set 22
7.1 Random files 22
7.2 Random tools and spare parts 22
8 Marking, packaging, storage and transportation 22
8.1 Signage of the power station 22
8.2 Contents of power station signs 22
8.3 Power station and its spare accessories 23
8.4 Packing of power station 23
8.5 Transportation of the power station 23
8.6 Storage of the power station 23
9 The manufacturer's guarantee 23
Appendix A (informative appendix) Reference limits for power station noise in operating environment 24
General technical requirements for automatic internal combustion engine power plants
1 Scope
This standard specifies the classification and grading, technical requirements, quality assurance regulations, completeness, and completeness of automated internal combustion engine power stations (hereinafter referred to as power stations).
Marking, packaging, storage and transportation, manufacturer's guarantee, etc.
This standard applies to land-use AC power frequency internal combustion engine power stations with a power range not exceeding 5000kW. DC power station, 60Hz power station can participate
Use as per.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article
Pieces. For undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 755-2019 Rotating electric machine rating and performance
GB/T 2423.16-2008 Environmental testing of electric and electronic products Part 2.Test method Test J and guideline. Mould
GB/T 2820.1-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 1.Purpose, rating and performance
GB/T 2820.2-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 2.Engine
GB/T 2820.3-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 3.AC generator for generator set
GB/T 2820.4-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 4.Control device and switchgear
GB/T 2820.5-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 5.Generator set
GB/T 2820.6-2009 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 6.Test method
GB/T 2820.7 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 7.Technical description for technical conditions and design
GB/T 2820.8-2002 AC generator sets driven by reciprocating internal combustion engines Part 8.Requirements for low-power generator sets
And test
GB/T 2820.9-2002 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 9.Measurement and evaluation of mechanical vibration
GB/T 2820.12-2002 AC generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine Part 12.Emergency power supply for safety devices
GB/T 4026-2019 Basic and safety rules for the identification of human-machine interface signs. Equipment terminals, conductor terminals and conductor identification
GB/T 6072.1 Performance of reciprocating internal combustion engines Part 1.Calibration and test methods for power, fuel consumption and oil consumption
Additional requirements for general engines
GB/T 13306 signs
GB/T 20136-2006 General test method for internal combustion engine power station
GB 20891-2014 Non-road mobile machinery diesel engine exhaust pollutant emission limits and measurement methods (China's third and fourth stages)
GB/T 21428-2008 Safety of generator set driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine
GB/T 37089-2018 AC generator set controller driven by reciprocating internal combustion engine
JB/T 8194 Terminology of internal combustion engine power station
3 Terms and definitions
GB/T 2820.1-2009, GB/T 2820.2-2009, GB/T 2820.3-2009, GB/T 2820.4-2009, GB/T 2820.5-
Defined in.2009, GB/T 2820.6-2009, GB/T 2820.12-2002, GB/T 37089-2018, GB/T 6072.1, JB/T 8194
And the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Stand-alone automation
On a single power station, it can automatically realize the functions of unit startup, power supply loading and power failure, and shutdown, and can display the main performance of the unit
Parameters and operating status.
3.2
Linkageautomation
Linked with the mains or other power stations, and automatically realizes the start, power supply, and shutdown of the unit by detecting whether the mains or other power stations are faulty
Features.
3.3
Paraleling automation
When two or more power stations are in parallel, the unit's functions of starting, paralleling, de-training and shutting down are automatically realized.
3.4
Paralelinggridautomation
When it is connected to the mains grid, it automatically realizes the functions of starting, connecting to the grid, off-grid and stopping the unit.
3.5
Localautomation
On the power station side, it can automatically realize the functions of unit startup, power supply with load, power failure, and shutdown, and can display the main performance parameters of the unit
And running status.
3.6
Remote automation
The automatic start and stop functions of the unit can be realized remotely, and the main performance parameters and operating status of the unit can be displayed.
4 Classification and classification
4.1 Classification
4.1.1 According to the automation mode, power stations can be divided into. stand-alone automation, linkage automation, parallel automation, and grid-connected automation.
4.1.2 According to the control mode, the power station can be divided into. local automation and remote automation.
4.1.3 According to the switching time, the power station can be classified according to the requirements of GB/T 2820.12-2002, see Table 1, the typical types specified in Table 1.
See Table 2 for examples.
Table 1
Power stations used in special environments (such as chemical pollution, radiation, flammable gas, etc.) should be specified.
In order to ensure the function and performance of the power station, the user should put forward relevant requirements and parameters to the power station manufacturer in the product specification, and its specific terms
It should meet the requirements of GB/T 2820.7.
5.5 Appearance
The appearance of the power station should meet the following requirements.
a) The welding should be firm, and the welding seam should be uniform, free of defects such as cracks, weld penetration, undercut, missing welding and pores; no residues such as welding slag and welding flux;
b) The outer surface of the car body (outer cover) should be flat;
c) The surface of the control panel of the power station should be flat, reasonably wired, safe, well-contacted, well-defined, neat and beautiful, and the color of the wire should conform to
The provisions of GB/T 4026-2019.
d) The paint film of the painted part should be uniform without cracks, shedding, flow marks, bubbles, scratches, etc.;
e) The color of the outer surface of the box body (outer cover) should meet the requirements of the product specification;
f) The coating of the electroplated parts should be smooth, and there should be no leakage of plating spots, rust, etc.;
g) Fasteners should have anti-loose measures and no looseness;
h) The electrical wiring is reasonable, safe and tidy;
i) Fire-fighting facilities, appliances, spare tools and spare accessories should be fixed and installed firmly.
5.6 Structure
5.6.1 Dimensions
The external dimensions of the power station should comply with the product specifications.
5.6.2 Quality
The quality of the power station should meet the requirements of the product specifications.
5.6.3 Mechanical structure and installation
The mechanical structure and installation of the power station should comply with the product specifications.
5.6.4 Electrical structure and wiring
The electrical installation and wiring of the power station shall comply with the regulations of the corresponding drawings and circuit diagrams.
5.6.5 Interchangeability
The components of the power station should maximize the use of standard parts and general electrical components; the removable parts and electrical components of the same model of power station,
The device should be interchangeable.
5.7 Indication, control and protection devices
5.7.1 Indicating device
The monitoring instrument carried by the power station engine is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 2820.2-2009 and the corresponding product standard; the accuracy of the pointer instrument, etc.
The level should not be lower than 2.5, and the accuracy level of the digital display instrument should be in accordance with the product specification, and should meet the following requirements.
a) Indication devices such as sound and light should work normally;
b) The pointer rotation of the monitoring instrument should be flexible and accurate;
c) The colors and markings of buttons, switches and indicators should be clearly defined in the product specifications and instructions for use according to their use.
5.7.2 Control device
The control device and switchgear for power station shall be installed in accordance with the corresponding regulations of GB/T 2820.4-2009, and shall meet the requirements of product specifications.
5.7.3 Protection device
5.7.3.1 Electrical protection
The power station has the following electrical protection devices.
a) The power station should have short-circuit protection devices. When a short circuit occurs at the output end of the power station, the protection device should be able to act quickly and reliably, and the power station has no
damage. Short circuits in power stations include single-phase, two-phase and three-phase short circuits.
b) The power station should have an overload protection device. When the load current exceeds the overload current value specified in the product specification, the overload protection device should be
Reliable operation within the specified time, and the power station should not be damaged.
c) Power stations that need to be operated in parallel or connected to the grid should be equipped with reverse power protection devices.
d) The power station with a rated voltage greater than 3000V should have a differential protection device. When the generator's internal fault occurs, it can quickly cut off the fault.
To prevent the expansion of accidents, the circuit is blocked.
e) Power stations with a rated voltage greater than 3000V should have generator rotor grounding protection devices. When the generator rotor is grounded at two points
It should be able to issue an alarm with a short delay to protect the safety of the shafting of the power station and avoid magnetization in the power station.
5.7.3.2 Mechanical protection
When faults such as low lubricating oil pressure, high coolant temperature, overspeed, etc. occur, but not limited to, the power station should be able to report according to the set value of the product specification.
Alarm and/or shutdown.
5.7.3.3 Other protection
The power station (when applicable) can be equipped with protection devices in accordance with the provisions of 7.3 and 7.4 of GB/T 2820.4-2009.Specific technical requirements and test
The inspection method is in accordance with the product specification.
5.8 Startup requirements and loading
5.8.1 Start and load at room temperature
The power station is under normal temperature (not lower than 5℃ for non-supercharged diesel power station, not lower than 10℃ for supercharged diesel power station, not lower than -10℃ for gasoline power station)
No more than 3 starts should be successful. The start time interval is not more than 20s. It should be able to carry rated load within 3min after successful start
run.
5.8.2 Low temperature start and load
Power stations used at low temperatures should have low temperature start-up measures. When the ambient temperature is -40℃ (or -25℃), the power is not more than 250kW
The power station should be able to start smoothly within 30 minutes. After the start-up, the power station should be able to work normally with the specified load within 3 minutes; for power greater than
For a 250kW power station, the start-up time and load working time at low temperatures are in accordance with the product specifications.
5.9 Automation requirements
5.9.1 Automatically maintain the state of ready operation
The oil pressure, oil temperature, and cooling water temperature during emergency startup and rapid loading of the power station shall comply with the product specifications.
5.9.2 Automatic start
The automatic start of the power station meets the following requirements.
a) After receiving the start command of automatic control or remote control, the power station should be able to start automatically; for category 3 and category 4 power stations connected in parallel with the power grid,
When the grid voltage drops (in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 10 in GB/T 2820.12-2002) or the power supply is interrupted, the power station should be able to start automatically;
When the failure time of the common power supply system is less than 0.5s, the engine should not be started, except for Type 1 and Type 2 power stations.
b) When the automatic start of the power plant fails for the third time, a start failure signal should be issued. When a backup power station is provided, the program start system should be able to automatically start
Pass the start command to the standby power station.
c) The time from the automatic start command to the power supply to the load should be specified in the product specification as required.
d) After the power station is automatically started, the first load is not less than 50% of the rated load if the rated power is not more than 250kW;
For those with rated power greater than 250kW, follow the product specifications.
e) After the power station is connected to the rated load, it should be able to operate automatically and reliably.
f) The success rate of power station automatic start should not be less than 98%.
5.9.3 Automatic start of power supply and automatic shutdown
After receiving a shutdown command from automatic control or remote control, the power station should be able to automatically shut down; for category 3 and category 4 power stations connected in parallel with the power grid, when the power grid is restored
After normal, the power station should be able to automatically switch and automatically shut down, and the power grid will supply power to the load, and the shutdown method should be in accordance with 10.1 in GB/T 2820.12-2002
Regulations.
5.9.4 Automatic replenishment
The automatic replenishment of the power station shall meet the following requirements.
a) The automatic replenishment of fuel, engine oil, and cooling water should comply with the product specifications.
b) Automatically charge the discharged battery to 80% of its rated capacity according to the time specified in Table 6.
Table 6
Power station category 1 category 2 category 3 category 4 category
Time AMC AMC < 10h < 6h
Note. AMC is in accordance with the agreement between the manufacturer and the user.
c) For internal combustion engines started with compressed air, in both the hot and cold conditions, the specifications and quantity of the gas cylinders should be such that the internal combustion engine
The combustion engine runs at 5 times the ignition speed, and there is an automatic compressor system to inflate the gas cylinder and reach work within 45 minutes
pressure.
5.9.5 Automatic paralleling and de-paralling
The automatic paralleling and unloading of power stations should meet the following requirements.
a) After connecting the parallel and de-paralling instructions of automatic control or remote control, two power stations of the same model should be able to automatically parallel and de-parallize. Usually, when the first
When the power of a power station continues to meet the product specifications during the stand-alone operation of a power station, the automatic control system should issue a start command to the second power station.
Make it automatically put into parallel operation; when the total output power of two parallel power stations continues to decrease to no more than 40% of the total rated power
At the time, the automatic control system should issue instructions for de-staging and shutdown to one of the two parallel power stations. For the case of continuing to reduce the power, follow the instructions
Product specification requirements.
b) When two power stations are running in parallel, they should be able to automatically distribute the output active power and reactive power, and their values should meet the requirements of Table 5.
c) The automatic control or remote control device should have the ability to control the third power station. When one of the two power stations operating in parallel
In the event of a fault, the third power station should be started and automatically put into parallel operation before disassembling the faulty power station; when the two power stations have been operated in parallel
When a secondary fault occurs in one of the power stations, the faulty power station should automatically decommission and shut down, and automatically cut off a part of the load (usually
Secondary load), so that the power station that continues to operate does not appear to be overloaded. At the same time start the third power station and make it automatically
Connected operation to restore normal power supply.
Note 1.Level 1 fault refers to a fault that is allowed to operate for a period of time (the time required for the standby power station to be put into operation) after the power station fails.
Note 2.The secondary fault refers to the fault that needs to be shut down immediately after the power station fails.
5.9.6 Unattended time
The unattended time of the power station shall be specified in the product specification.
5.9.7 Automatic protection
The power station shall have the protection functions specified in 5.7.3.When the protection occurs, the power station shall give an audible and/or light alarm and perform the following actions.
Make one of.
a) Alarm only;
b) Alarm and send out the opening and unloading signal;
c) Alarm and delayed shutdown signal;
d) Alarm and immediately send out a stop signal.
5.9.8 Communication interface
For remote communication or centralized control of the power station, it shall have one or more of the following communication interfaces.
a) RS485, RS232 communication. meet the requirements of the MODBUSRTU mode communication protocol;
b) CANBUS communication. meet the requirements of the engine SAEJ1939 or CANOPEN communication protocol;
c) USB communication. the power station parameters can be set via USB;
d) ETHERNET (Ethernet) communication. meet the requirements of TCP/IPMODBUS communication protocol;
e) Internet communication. The controller can access the Internet through WIFI, Bluetooth, GSM and other communications.
5.9.9 Other
The power station should also meet the following requirements.
a) Both automatic shutdown and manual shutdown of the power station shall have two types. normal shutdown and emergency shutdown.
b) The pre-lubrication, start-up and shutdown of the power station, frequency and voltage regulation, parallel and de-training, power transmission and power outages, etc. should be manually controlled.
c) For remotely monitored automated power stations, the frequency setting rate of change and the voltage setting rate of change should be measured.
5.10 Performance Index
5.10.1 Electrical performance indicators
5.10.1.1 Performance levels and operating limits
In order to ensure the important characteristics of voltage and frequency, the performance index of the power station should generally not be lower than the G2 level in Table 7, and its parameter definition can be
See Chapter 3 of GB/T 2820.5-2009.The performance index of the power station category should not be lower than the regulations in Table 8.
Table 7
a) Identification (or finalization) inspection;
b) Quality consistency inspection.
6.2 Inspection conditions
6.2.1 Inspection in the laboratory of the manufacturer
Unless otherwise specified, all inspections should be carried out under the following conditions.
a) All inspections are carried out under the conditions (ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure) of the manufacturer's inspection station at that time.
b) Instruments and meters used for inspection should have regular metrological verification qualification certificates.
c) The accuracy of the instruments and meters used for testing and measuring the following electrical parameters should not be less than.
1) Current. 0.5%;
2) Voltage. 0.5%;
3) Power. 0.5%;
4) Frequency. 0.5%;
5) Power factor. 0.5% (1.0%).
d) The factory inspection allows the use of 1.0-level accuracy instruments and meters for measurement.
e) All electrical indicators are assessed at the output end of the control panel of the power station.
6.2.2 Inspection under field conditions
The power station is inspected under the conditions of the installation site, and the accuracy of the instrument used to measure electrical parameters is specified in the product specification or in the contract.
The minimum shall not be lower than the provisions of GB/T 2820.6-2009.
6.3 Appraisal (type-setting) inspection
6.3.1 Timing of inspection
Appraisal (or finalization) inspection should be carried out in one of the following situations.
a) When a new product is identified (or finalized);
b) When the product is transferred to the factory or production is resumed after 2 years of suspension;
c) When there are provisions in the contract or there are major changes in the results of the quality consistency inspection.
6.3.2 Inspection quantity
Use two samples of the same model for identification (or finalization) inspection.
6.3.3 Qualification criteria
The eligibility criteria usually consist of one or more of the following.
a) Order contract;
b) Product drawings and technical documents approved by prescribed procedures;
c) Number of this standard;
d) The cited national standards, industry standards, and corporate standards recognized by the contractor and the ordering party.
When the above content is inconsistent, the priority order is a), b), c), d).
6.3.4 Qualified judgment
When all the inspection items are qualified, the inspection result is determined to be qualified.
6.4 Quality consistency inspection
6.4.1 Inspection grouping
The quality consistency inspection groups are as follows.
a) Factory inspection;
b) Type inspection.
6.4.2 Factory inspection
6.4.2.1 Timing of inspection
When power station products are delivered.
6.4.2.2 Inspection quantity
The number of inspected samples is all products.
6.4.2.3 Qualification criteria
The eligibility criteria shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.3.
6.4.2.4 Qualification judgment
The eligibility criteria are in accordance with 6.3.4.
6.4.3 Type inspection
6.4.3.1 Timing of inspection
In one of the following situations, group C inspection should be carried out.
a) When the design, process or material changes of the product are sufficient to affect the performance of the product;
b) When products that are produced infrequently (with an interval of two years or more) are re-produced;
c) Normally produced products of the same model have been produced for two consecutive years since the last inspection or when the cumulative total production number is greater than 50;
d) When the supplier and the buyer agree to supplement the test items.
6.4.3.2 Inspection quantity
Take one sample (2 if required) from the products that have passed the factory inspection for type inspection.
6.4.3.3 Qualification criteria
The eligibility criteria shall be in accordance with the provisions of 6.3.3.
6.4.3.4 Qualification judgment
As long as one inspection result of the inspected product does not meet the requirements, a doubled number of products should be selected from the same batch of products to enter the item.
Perform re-inspection. If it is still unqualified, the production of the product will be suspended. The item of the batch of products will be inspected one by one until the cause is found and the fault is eliminated, and the product is confirmed.
Production can be resumed only after being qualified.
6.5 Inspection items
The inspection items of the power station are listed in Table 17.
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