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HJ 710.9-2014: Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring butterflies
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Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring butterflies
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 710.9-2014 (HJ710.9-2014) | | Description (Translated English) | Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring butterflies | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z04 | | Word Count Estimation | 14,129 | | Date of Issue | 10/31/2014 | | Date of Implementation | 1/1/2015 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 7714; HJ 623; HJ 628 | | Regulation (derived from) | Ministry of Environmental Protection Notice 2014 No. 74 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | | Summary | This Standard specifies the main content of the butterfly diversity of observations, technical requirements and methods. This Standard applies to the observation within the scope of People's Republic of China butterfly diversity. | HJ 710.9-2014: Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring butterflies---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Technical guidelines for biodiversity monitoring butterflies
People's Republic of China National Environmental Protection Standards
Observing the technical guide biodiversity butterfly
(release
draft)
Issued on.2014-10-31
2015-01-01 implementation
Issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection
i Table of Contents
Preface ..ii
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions ..1
4 Principle 1 observation
5 Observation Method 2
6 observations contents and index 3
7 observation time and frequency 3
8 Data processing and analysis 4
9 .4 quality control and safety management
Observing Reports prepared ..4 10
Appendix A (informative) line transect observation data recorded in Table 5
Habitat Appendix B (informative) sample segments and human disturbance activity records 6
Annex C (informative) habitat types table ..7
Annex D (informative) Classification of Human Interference .8
Annex E (informative) important parameter calculation method ..9
Annex F (informative) butterfly observation report writing format ..11
Foreword
To implement the "People's Republic of China Environmental Protection Law", "People's Republic of China Wild Animal Protection Law" to regulate
Our observations of biological diversity, the development of this standard.
This standard specifies the main content of the butterfly diversity of observations, technical requirements and methods.
The Standard Appendix A, B, C, D, E, F are informative appendix.
This standard is the first release.
This standard is developed by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science, Technology organization.
This standard is mainly drafted by. Environmental Protection Department of the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Botanical Garden.
This standard MEP October 31, 2014 for approval.
This standard since January 1, 2015 implementation.
The standard explanation by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
1 observation techniques guide the butterfly biodiversity
1 Scope
This standard specifies the main content of the butterfly diversity of observations, technical requirements and methods.
This standard applies to the observation within the scope of People's Republic of China butterfly diversity.
2 Normative references
This standard refers to the contents of the following documents or the terms. For undated references, the latest edition of
To this standard.
GB/T 7714 after bibliographic references packet rules
HJ 623 regional evaluation standards Biodiversity
HJ 628 genetic resources collection technical specification (Trial)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Line transect line transect
It refers to the observer at the observation plots the selected route. Observer records appear along the route within the scope of a space
Kinds of information.
3.2
Like segment section
Refers to subparagraph sample line division, in the ideal case, every segment of equal length, each with the same kind of habitat types within the segment.
3.3
Butterfly butterfly fauna Flora
It refers to the total butterfly species and ecological conditions exist in the modern history of the formation of the development process.
3.4
Dominant species dominant species
It refers to the formation of community structure and community environments have significant control effect species. They are usually more than the number of those individuals,
High biomass, strong viability of the species.
4 observations principle
4.1 Scientific Principles
Observation plots and observing the object should be representative, can fully reflect the observation area butterfly community overall condition; should be used
Unified, standardized methods of observation can be observed butterfly species and their population trends dynamic.
4.2 operability principles
Observing programs should be considered owned by the human, financial and logistical support and other conditions, the observation plots should have some traffic and
Working conditions. Based on systematic investigation, take full account of the status of butterfly resources, conservation status and observation purposes, choose together
Appropriate observation area and observation objects.
4.3 principles of sustainability,
Observations should meet the needs of biodiversity conservation and management, energy conservation and management of biodiversity and play a guiding
The role of early warning. Observation plots, line transect observation time and frequency is determined, not free to change.
24.4 Principle of protection
Observation process should minimize interference with organisms and their habitats, and carry out non-invasive sampling, to avoid exceeding the objective needs of
Frequent observation.
4.5 Security Principles
Observation has certain characteristics of field work, the observer should receive professional training, good security measures.
5 Methods of Observation
5.1 Observations ready
5.1.1 determine observation target
Butterfly observation objectives include. To investigate the species composition of the observed region of butterflies, population dynamics and geographic distribution; Health Analysis
Effect of environmental change, environmental pollution, climate change and other environmental factors on the diversity of butterflies; butterfly or evaluate protective measures
And the effectiveness of policies and proposed adaptive management measures.
5.1.2 Selecting objects observation
OK observation target based on the observation target. Observation object can be all butterfly species in a region to be of a
Or certain groups of species (endangered species, protected species, invasive alien species, widely distributed species, indicator species, etc.) into
Line observation.
5.1.3 determine the observation area
Target selection based on observations observation areas, such as assessing the effectiveness of measures and policies to protect the butterfly, choose Nature Reserve
And other observations.
5.1.4 Background Investigation resources
If the situation is not clear observation area butterfly diversity can conduct a background investigation resources for the development of the observation program
be prepared.
5.1.5 develop observation program
Observing programs include. the purpose of observation, observation objects, plots and settings like line, observation method, observation and finger content
Standard, time and frequency of observation, data processing, quality control and safety management.
5.1.6 Observer training
Before the implementation of the scheme to deal with observer moth classification and identification of knowledge, practices and methods of observation, field security, etc.
Training to enable the observer to accurately identify butterfly species in the wild, mastering butterfly observation techniques and safety precautions.
5.1.7 Prepare observation equipment and instruments
Including insect net, collection boxes, observation boxes, pens, cameras, global positioning system (GPS) device, the triangle paper bags, butterfly
Butterfly identification manuals and other books, records lists.
5.2 Setting the observation plots
5.2.1 using systematic sampling or stratified random sampling method, based on objective observations and observational requirements, sample size calculation, set
Observation plots.
5.2.2 When using stratified random sampling can be stratified according to the type of habitat, climate, altitude, land use types and other factors.
5.3 Line transect
5.3.1 In the selected plots, set a number of transects along roads, paths, trails. Transects should cover all plots within the habitat type
3 type, each habitat type sample line should be more than two. Each sample length 1 ~ 2 km is appropriate, according to the characteristics of the ecosystem
Appropriate adjustments. Dividing the sample into the sample line segment, every paragraph tag number, length should be equal, within each sample segment habitat types or
The same land use patterns.
5.3.2 selected sample lines, with a GPS locator location coordinates, in 1. 10000 map marked transect line.
5.3.3 Observations before slowly along the transect line uniform speed 1 ~ 1.5 km/h. Record sample line about 2.5 m, the top 5 m, before
See record in square 5 m range seen all butterfly species and quantities (Figure 1), the observed data, Appendix A, B, C and
D. Not only repeat count of the same individuals and behind the butterfly. In the cliffs or the water's edge, along transects recording side width 5 m Fan
Data around inside, outside observation area to see the type, can be written in the remarks column.
5.3.4 If the number is too large butterfly, estimates may be registered or after use camera count.
5.3.5 For the type can not be determined, after netting was identified after the release of species in situ determination; on the spot can not determine the type,
HJ 628 were in accordance with a small amount of netting and numbers back to the laboratory identification, statistical records.
5.3.6 When observing a group of 2 people is appropriate, one survey observations, and the other one for recording and netting (for the type can not be determined).
5.3.7 The selected sample line after the first year of observation to determine if inappropriate, can change, but then should remain unchanged.
Unit. m
Figure 1 a schematic line transect observation area
6 observations contents and index
6.1 Observations should include. butterfly species composition, floristic distribution, population dynamics, spatial distribution, degree of endangerment, raw
Habitat status.
6.2 observations should be clearly defined, measurable, simple and practical, acquisition costs should be relatively low.
6.3 observations include butterfly species, populations, flora distribution, sex ratio, by threats, habitat types, plant
Phenology, vegetation type, climate and hydrology.
7 observation time and frequency
7.1 is generally from April to September each year (incidence of tropical butterflies adults adjust visual observation time) was observed once a week;
Or observation month 1-2 times at intervals of 15 days or more; also available in 6 to 8 months observation twice a year, at intervals of 20 days
the above.
7.2 Observations should be sunny (13 ℃ above) or cloudy (17 ℃ above), warm, wind speed less than 40 km/h when carried out, each
Day observation time is usually 9.00 ~ 17.00, but should avoid extremely hot summer weather.
47.3 observation time and frequency, once established, should remain unchanged for a long, in order to facilitate inter-annual data analysis.
8 Data processing and analysis
Important parameter calculation method, see Appendix E.
9 quality control and safety management
9.1 should have observer field observation standards and related knowledge, to participate in professional training, in strict accordance with standard requirements
Observation Field location, and set the line transect observation, fill out the log sheet.
9.2 take appropriate measures to protect the sample plots and lines.
9.3 data review process to establish a comprehensive and detailed review of the accuracy and completeness of the observational data, suspicious, missing
Data timely remedy to convert all types of data into an electronic document.
9.4 establish a data backup system, all the observations and documents to back up (CD-ROM, hard disk). Check every six months and more
A new backup data, prevent data loss problems caused by the storage medium.
9.5 equipped with the necessary protective equipment, supplies and emergency medicines, good security, to prevent snakes and insect bites and the like.
In ensuring the safety of the situation before observed, to avoid single job.
Observing Reports prepared 10
Butterfly observation report should include Introduction, before the observation area, methods of observation, butterfly species composition, floristic,
Population dynamics, threats, suggestions and the like. Observation report writing format, see Appendix F.
5 Appendix A
(Informative)
Line transect observation data record table
Line transect observation data recorded in Table A. Standards
Table A line transect observation data record table
Observing Location. No sample line. sample length. Date.
Weather. Temperature. Humidity. Wind Speed.
Starting point Coordinates. End Coordinates. Elevation.
Habitat types. Vegetation type. hydrological characteristics.
Start time. End time. recorder. Observer.
Anthropogenic interference with the type of activity. Disturbances.
Plant phenology. Butterfly dominant species. Remarks.
Sample section
Name 1,234,567,891,011,121,314 15 16 17 18 19 20 Total
total
Remark
6 Appendix B
(Informative)
Habitat-like segments and human disturbance activity log sheet
Human disturbance and habitat types in the standard sample activity log section in Table B.
Table habitats and human disturbance activities recorded in Table B-segment
Sample section
Numbering
Like segment length
Degree (m)
Habitats human disturbance activity classification
Description Code Description Code dominant plant species
7 Appendix C
(Informative)
Habitat type table
Standard habitat types recorded in Table C.
Table C habitat type table
The first level is divided into A to I, the first level consists of a number of second-level habitat types. The first and second levels of habitat types were selected item.
A forest of trees and shrubbery B Deforested Lands
1. Rainforest
2. monsoon forest
3. evergreen broad-leaved forest
4. evergreen and deciduous mixed forests
5. deciduous forest
6. evergreen coniferous forests
7. deciduous coniferous forest
8. broadleaf mixed
9. Mature Plantations (height > 10 m, cover large)
10. Young Plantations (height 5 ~ 10 m, cover small)
1. Shrub
2. < 5 m natural young forest (renewable natural or semi-natural woodland)
3. < 5 m artificial young forest
4. Logging slash (new trees planted)
5. Logging slash (no new trees planted)
6. Bamboo
7. Other
C D prairie farmland
1. The paddy field
2. upland
3. Orchard
4. Other agricultural land
1. meadow steppe
2. Typical steppe
3. desert steppe
4. alpine grassland
E desert/Gobi F settlements
1. Gobi
2. Desert
3. Oasis
4. The salt desert
1. Towns
2. suburb
3. Park
4. Village
G H Coastal Inland Water Edge
1. pond (< 200 m2)
2 small lakes (200 ~ 450 m2)
3. The large lakes ( > 450 m2)
4. creek (width < 3 m)
5. Rivers (width ≥3 m)
6. artificial canals
1. Estuary
2. The coastal beach
3. saltwater lagoon
4. Mangrove
I Swamp
1. swamps
2. marshes
3. Sphagnum bog
8 Appendix D
(Informative)
Anthropogenic interference with activity classification table
Jamming standard classification of activities recorded in Table D.
Table D anthropogenic interference with activity classification table
Type of interference disturbance
A. 1. The development and construction of real estate development; divided into strong, medium and weak, no four grades.
□ Strong. habitat was severely disrupted; substantially eliminate vegetation
Loss; wildlife habitat is difficult to reproduce.
□ in. habitat disturbance; partial disappearance of vegetation,
But the interference disappears, can still restore vegetation; wild animals
Breeding habitat was affected to some extent, but still
You can breeding habitat.
□ Weak. habitat subject to certain disturbances; vegetation basic insurance
Hold as; wildlife breeding habitat has little effect.
□ No. undisturbed habitat; maintain the original vegetation
Initial state; no effect on wildlife breeding habitat.
2. The road construction;
3. The railway construction;
4. The development of mineral resources (including quarrying, dredging, etc.);
5. tourism development;
6. pipelines, wind power, hydropower, thermal power, photovoltaic power generation,
River training and other development and construction activities.
B. Activities 1. Weihuzaotian animal husbandry and fishery;
2. afforestation around the lake;
3. Weitan farming;
4. land reclamation;
5. pasture fencing;
6. destroying grass land reclamation;
7. deforestation reclamation.
C. 1. Environmental pollution water pollution;
2. air pollution;
3. soil pollution;
4. The solid waste;
5. noise pollution.
D. Other 1. grazing;
2. harvesters;
3. Acquisition;
4. Fishing;
5. Hunting;
6. mowing;
7. The spraying of pesticides;
8. fertilization;
9. farming;
10. Fire;
11. road traffic.
9 Appendix E
(Informative)
Important parameter calculation method
1 dominance index (Id) according to equation (1).
Id = Nmax/Nt (1)
Where. Nmax-- populations of dominant species;
Nt-- population of all kinds.
α diversity refers to the diversity of species in the habitat or community to measure species diversity within the community. Measure α
Diversity using species richness (number of species), Simpson (Simpson) index, Shannon - Wiener (Shannon-Wiener)
Index and evenness index.
2 Simpson index (D) according to equation (2).
D = 21 iP (2)
Where. Pi - the number of individual species within the community i accounted proportion of the total number of individuals, i = 1, 2,, S.
S - the total number of species type, a.
3 Shannon - Wiener index (H ') according to equation (3) Calculated.
H '= ii PP ln (3)
4 evenness index (J) according to equation (4) Calculated.
J = ln/lni iP PS (4)
β is the change in species diversity along environmental gradients in the degree of substitution to measure species diversity in communities along the ring
Habitat diversity gradient or rate of change between the community, available Cody (Cody) index and the species similarity index indicates.
5 Cody index according to equation (5) Calculated.
(5)
Where. c - Cody index;
) (Hg - the number of species habitats along the gradient H increases, one;
) (Hl - the number of species habitats along the gradient H lost, that exists on a gradient and the next gradient
The number of species that are not, a.
6 species similarity index
When the same types A, B two communities, the similarity of 100%; on the contrary, there are two communities does not exist
Species, the similarity is zero. Sørensen index according to equation (6) Calculated.
(6)
Where. sC --Sørensen index (%);
There are two species j-- community, one;
A number of species of a-- community, one;
B-- number of species of community B, a.
)] () ([HlHg
ba
jCs
7 plots the annual abundance index
Poisson log-linear regression model, the abundance of plot desired by the formula (7) Calculated.
log (mij) = ai bj (7)
Where. mij-- plots i in j-year expectations abundance;
ai and bj-- represent the location effect and time effect (i = 1 ,, a; j = 1,, b).
The standard error of the abundance index available bootstrap calculations.
8 abundance index trend analysis
Regression slope abundance index is used for trend analysis. Regression slope is positive and P < 0.05, showing an increase abundance; return
The slope is negative and P < 0.05, represents abundance decreased; P≥0.05, indicate stable.
Appendix F
(Informative)
Butterfly observation report writing format
Butterfly observations reported by the cover, table of contents, text, acknowledgments, references, appendices and other components.
1. Cover
Including the report title, observation units, and developing units and write time.
2. Report of
Usually two to three lists directory.
3. Body
include.
(1 Introduction;
(2) the observation area before;
(3) the observation target;
(4) the organization of work;
(5) Methods of Observation (biodiversity-related terms see HJ 623);
(6) the composition of species of butterflies, flora distribution, population dynamics, threats, etc;
(7) suggestions.
4. Acknowledgements
5. References
Accordance with the provisions of GB/T 7714's.
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