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Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Evaluation directives for the design of input system
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 45285-2025 (GB/T45285-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Evaluation directives for the design of input system | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A25 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.180 | | Word Count Estimation | 374,362 | | Date of Issue | 2025-02-28 | | Date of Implementation | 2025-09-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 45285-2025: Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Evaluation directives for the design of input system
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GB/T 45285-2025 English version. Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Evaluation directives for the design of input system
ICS 13.180
CCSA25
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Human-system interaction ergonomics input system
Design Evaluation Guidelines
Released on 2025-02-28
2025-09-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Table of Contents
Preface V
Introduction VI
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 2
4 Physical Input Device Design Guidelines 18
4.1 Applications 18
4.2 Performance Standards 20
4.3 Physical input device characteristics related to usability 20
4.4 General design requirements for physical input devices 20
4.5 Specific equipment design requirements 23
4.6 File 24
5 Design and Evaluation Methods for Physical Input Devices 24
5.1 Guiding Principles24
5.2 Evaluation Methods 24
5.3 Conformity Assessment 51
6 Selection of physical input devices 51
6.1 General procedures for selecting equipment 51
6.2 Performance standards 53
6.3 Equipment selection methods and auxiliary measures 53
6.4 Field Evaluation of Input Devices 57
7 Touch and Haptic Interaction Framework 61
7.1 Introduction to touch 61
7.2 Research on human touch 61
7.3 When to use touch/haptic interaction 64
7.4 Touch/Haptic Interaction Design 68
7.5 User-Initiated Interaction Task Primitives 71
7.6 Touch/Haptic Interaction Elements 73
7.7 Scope of touch/tactile interface devices 76
8 Touch and Haptic Interaction Guidelines 84
8.1 Application of touch and tactile interaction guidelines 84
8.2 Haptic/tactile input, output and/or combination 84
8.3 Properties of haptic/tactile information encoding 88
8.4 Specific content coding 91
8.5 Design of tactile objects and spaces 93
8.6 Interaction 95
9 Evaluation of touch and tactile interaction 96
9.1 Conformity 96
9.2 How to Evaluate Touch and Haptic Interaction 97
9.3 Evaluation Methods 99
9.4 Haptic Interaction Quality 101
9.5 Appendix Guidelines 107
10 Gesture Interaction Framework and Guidelines 108
10.1 Overview 108
10.2 Ergonomics of gestures 109
10.3 Gesture Definition Guidelines 110
Appendix A (Informative) Overview of ISO 9241 series of standards 118
Appendix B (Normative) Keyboard 121
Appendix C (Normative) Computer Mouse 136
Appendix D (Normative) Cursor 144
Appendix E (Normative) Joystick 151
Appendix F (Normative) Trackball 158
Appendix G (Normative) Touchpad 164
Appendix H (Normative) Writing Tablets and Indicator Pads 170
Appendix I (Normative) Stylus and light pen 178
Appendix J (Normative) Touch Screen 183
Appendix K (Informative) Designing Input Devices to Fit Different Users 187
Appendix L (Informative) Efficiency and Effectiveness Tests 189
Appendix M (Informative) Comfort Assessment 195
Appendix N (Informative) Keyboard Usability Testing.199
Appendix O (Informative) Tracking Test 205
Appendix P (Informative) Towing Test 207
Appendix Q (Informative) One-way tap test 209
Appendix R (Informative) Multi-directional impact test 211
Appendix S (Informative) Mobile Text Input Test (Handheld Keyboard) 212
Appendix T (Informative) List of equipment selected according to product description 215
Appendix U (Informative) Keyboard Usability Testing 260
Appendix V (Informative) Haptic Devices 261
Appendix W (Informative) Force Feedback Haptic Devices 265
Appendix X (informative) Physiology of touch 269
Appendix Y (Informative) Haptic Device Properties 274
Appendix Z (Informative) Design Principles for Tactile Effects 282
Appendix AA (Informative) Haptic Effects Task Elements 288
Appendix BB (Informative) Use Scenario 294
Appendix CC (Informative) Specific Use Quality 296
Appendix DD (Informative) User Center Quality 303
Appendix EE (Informative) Gesture Attributes 311
Appendix FF (informative) Equipment attribute evaluation example 319
Appendix GG (Informative) Unique Aspects of Haptic Interaction 328
Appendix HH (Normative) Evaluation through Usability Walkthroughs or Usability Task Testing 330
Appendix II (Informative) When to use gestures and gesture command applications 346
Appendix JJ (Informative) Gesture Documentation Classification System 352
References 354
Foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee on Ergonomics Standardization (SAC/TC7).
This document was drafted by. China National Institute of Standardization, Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner Co., Ltd., Guangdong Midea Heating and Ventilation Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou
State University, Xiamen Tengshengxing Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Zhongbiao Energy Efficiency Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing Union University, Nanjing Tianjia Environmental
Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Jinfa Technology Co., Ltd., SDIC Zhongbiao Quality Infrastructure Research Institute Co., Ltd., Qingdao Haier (Jiaozhou)
Air Conditioner Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Kelede Electronics Co., Ltd., and Zhongbiao Energy Efficiency Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd.
The drafters of this document are. Hu Huimin, Ran Linghua, Song Yujun, Li Yanlong, Li Yinxia, Niu Wenlei, Zhao Chaoyi, Zhang Xin, Yang Aolin, Zhong Yixiong,
Yang Yahua, Yang Aiping, Wu Bo, Zhao Qichao, Wei Bo, Lao Chunfeng, Chen Feng, Chen Jian, Zhang Guifang, Zhang Yiwen, Ge Meng, He Yue, Luo Ling, Wang Zhongting,
Li Fangfang, Yang Bing, Yu Xintong, Fan Mingjing, Chu Junpeng, Tian Hao, Wu Haimei, Hao Anna.
Introduction
Input devices are tools that users can use to input data into an interactive system.
A tool that detects changes in user behavior (such as gestures, finger movements, etc.) and converts such changes into signal sensors that can be recognized by the interactive system.
As the main interactive medium between people and systems, the ergonomic design requirements, evaluation methods and selection principles of input devices directly affect the user's usability.
The level of usability is regulated by the ISO 9241 400 series standard internationally, but my country currently lacks relevant ergonomics standards.
standard.
At the same time, new input methods such as touch and tactile interaction and gesture interaction are becoming more and more popular as auxiliary technologies in special-purpose computing environments.
The more important it is, the more it can be used as an auxiliary technology for tablet computers, wearable devices (such as tactile arrays, instrument gloves), etc.
Failure to consider ergonomics may lead to device incompatibility and conflicts, low application usability and other issues.
Based on the above demand status, this document is based on the international standard ISO 9241 series standards on input systems, tactile and tactile interaction and
The seven interactive ergonomics standards related to gestures specify ergonomic technical contents such as input devices, tactile interaction, and gesture interaction.
The main contents of each chapter in this document are as follows.
---Chapter 4 mainly specifies the design criteria for physical input devices.
--- Chapter 5 mainly specifies the laboratory analysis and comparison methods of input devices in interactive systems. It does not include the requirements of input devices.
keyboard, mouse, mouse pointer, joystick, trackball, touchpad, handwriting tablet/overlay, touch screen and optical
Methods for assessing whether input devices such as pens comply with the requirements of Chapter 4.
--- Chapter 6 is based on the input device related characteristics specified in GB/T 18978.400-2012 and the product design mentioned in Chapter 4
The guidelines provide guidance for selecting input devices. They also include workplaces and user organizations where input devices are used.
Test and evaluation methods, which can also be applied by relevant testing organizations.
---Chapter 7 provides common terms, definitions, and descriptions of the various core concepts involved in the design and use of tactile interactions.
It should include basic guidelines for tactile interaction design (including relevant standards and references), as well as tactile applications, objects, properties, and interactions.
Overview of the scope of interaction.
--- Chapter 8 presents ergonomic recommendations for interacting with haptic hardware and software, including issues related to hardware and software design and evaluation.
The guidelines are technology independent and can be adapted to new technologies in the future.
---Chapter 9 presents an evaluation process for tactile interaction devices and systems containing tactile interaction devices, explaining the evaluation procedures in Chapters 7, 8, and
How the requirements in other international standards apply to actual tactile systems and specific interactions.
The feasibility of tactile systems is evaluated by considering quality attributes such as effectiveness, efficiency, user satisfaction, and avoidance of injury.
Usability.
---Chapter 10 considers gestures and gesture recognition as a special form of tactile interaction, focusing on gestures and gesture recognition, and how to
The characteristics of gestures and the factors to be considered when defining gestures are described, providing a basis for the definition of gestures in human-computer interaction.
guide.
Human-system interaction ergonomics input system
Design Evaluation Guidelines
1 Scope
This document provides guidelines for the design and evaluation of input systems for human-system interaction ergonomics, mainly including the following contents.
---Specifies keyboards, mice, cursors, joysticks, trackballs, trackpads, writing tablets and indicator boards, touch screens, styluses, light pens, and sound
Guidelines for the ergonomic design of interactive systems with physical input devices such as touch and gesture control, taking into account the capabilities and limitations of the user, and also considering
It considers general design standards for physical input devices as well as specific standards for each type of device.
---Proposed evaluation of keyboard, mouse, cursor, joystick, trackball, touchpad, handwriting tablet/pointer board, touch screen and light pen input
Methods for determining whether the equipment complies with the requirements of Chapter 4.
--- Provides guidance on the selection of input devices and gives guidelines for testing and evaluating input devices in workplaces and user organizations.
Estimation method.
--- Provides a framework for understanding and communicating all aspects of tactile interaction, gives terms and definitions, describes structures and models, and
The rest of the ISO 9241 "900" sub-series is introduced, and different forms of interaction are applied to various users.
A guide to user tasks.
--- Provides recommendations on the interaction between haptic and tactile hardware and software, and provides guidance on hardware and software design and evaluation.
and a combination of hardware and software interactions.
--- Describes the types of methods that can be used to evaluate tactile devices and systems that include tactile devices, and specifies the methods that can be used to evaluate tactile devices through usability exercises or usability tests.
Procedures for evaluating tactile interactions using performance testing provide guidance on the types of methods that are appropriate for evaluating specific properties of tactile systems and are related to
Cross-reference is made to guidance in relevant clauses of other international standards (see Annex A).
--- Provides a guide for selecting or creating gestures in gesture interfaces, emphasizes the usability of gestures, and provides guidance on gesture design and design process.
In addition, guidance on how to perform gesture recording is provided.
This document applies to the ergonomic design, evaluation and selection of input systems.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.
For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
This document.
ISO 7000 Graphical symbols for use one equipment - Registered symbols
symbols)
ISO 9241-5 Ergonomics for office use with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 5.Workstation layout and posture requirements
Asking for [Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs)-Part 5.Worksta-
tionlayoutandposturalrequirements]
ISO 9241-110 Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 110.Principles of interaction
teminteraction-Part 110.Interactionprinciples)
ISO 9241-210 Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 210.Design of human-centered interactive systems
human-systeminteraction-Part 210.Human-centreddesignforinte6ractivesystems)
ISO /IEC 9995 (all parts) Information technology - Keyboard layout for text and office systems
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