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GB/T 18978.171-2024 English PDF

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GB/T 18978.171-2024: Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 171: Guidance on software accessible design
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Basic data

Standard ID GB/T 18978.171-2024 (GB/T18978.171-2024)
Description (Translated English) Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 171: Guidance on software accessible design
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard A25
Classification of International Standard 13.180
Word Count Estimation 78,787
Date of Issue 2024-12-31
Date of Implementation 2025-07-01
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 18978.171-2024: Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 171: Guidance on software accessible design


---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 13.180 CCSA25 National Standard of the People's Republic of China Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction Part 171.Software Accessibility Design Guidelines Ergonomicsofhuman-systeminteraction-Part 171.Guidanceonsoftware (ISO 9241-171.2008,IDT) Released on 2024-12-31 2025-07-01 Implementation State Administration for Market Regulation The National Standardization Administration issued

Table of Contents

Preface III Introduction IV 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 1 4 The necessity and significance of achieving barrier-free access 6 5 Principles of Accessible Software Design 7 6 Sources of Differences in User Characteristics 8 7 Guidelines for using this document 8 7.1 Overview 8 7.2 Conformance 8 8 General Guidelines and Requirements 9 8.1 User Interface Elements 9 8.2 User Preferences 11 8.3 Special considerations for accessibility adjustments 13 8.4 General Control and Operation Guidelines 13 8.5 Compatibility with assistive technologies16 8.6 Closed System 20 9 Input Methods 20 9.1 Available input options 20 9.2 Keyboard Focus 21 9.3 Keyboard Input 22 9.4 Pointing Devices 26 10 Output 29 10.1 General Output Guidelines 29 10.2 Visual Output (Display) 29 10.3 Text/Font30 10.4 Color 31 10.5 Window Appearance and Behavior 32 10.6 Audio Output 33 10.7 Text description of audio (subtitles) 35 10.8 Media 35 10.9 Tactile Output 36 11 Online documentation, Help and support services36 11.1 Documentation and Help 36 11.2 Support Services 37 Appendix A (informative) Overview of ISO 9241 series 38 Appendix B (Informative) Requirements List 42 Appendix C (Informative) Examples of Applicability and Conformity Assessment Procedures 44 C.1 Overview 44 C.2 How to use this list44 Appendix D (Informative) Activity Limiting Factors 53 D.1 Overview 53 D.2 Sensory functions 53 D.3 Neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions 55 D.4 Psychological functions 56 D.5 Users with other disabilities57 D.6 Multiple body function effects 57 Appendix E (Informative) Accessible Functions 58 E.1 Overview 58 E.2 Terms of Use License58 E.3 Access Function Description 58 Appendix F (Informative) Accessibility and Usability 65 F.1 Overview 65 F.2 Definition of Accessibility Features65 F.3 Measurability of usability and accessibility 65 F.4 Relationship to Design Guidelines 66 References 67

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. This document is part 171 of GB/T 18978.GB/T 18978 has published the following parts. --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 1.Overview; --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 2.Guidance on task requirements; --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 10.Dialogue principles; --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 12.Information presentation; --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 13.User guide; --- Ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 16.Direct operation dialogue; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 11.Usability. Definitions and concepts; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 20.Ergonomic methods for barrier-free design; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 143.Forms; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 151.Guidelines for Internet user interfaces; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 171.Guidelines for software accessibility design; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 210.Human-centered interactive system design; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 300.Overview of requirements for electronic visual displays; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 304.User performance test methods for electronic visual displays; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 307.Analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays; --- Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 400.Principles and requirements for physical input devices. This document is equivalent to ISO 9241-171.2008 "Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 171.Guidelines for software accessibility design". Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document is proposed and coordinated by the National Technical Committee on Ergonomics Standardization (SAC/TC7). This document was drafted by. China National Institute of Standardization, Hefei Midea HVAC Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhongbiao Energy Efficiency Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute, Xiamen Yesheng Electric Co., Ltd., Qingdao Hisense Hitachi Air Conditioning System Co., Ltd., China Certification and Inspection Group Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hisense Air Conditioning Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Lewan Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing University of Science and Technology, SDIC Infrastructure Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangdong Midea HVAC Equipment Co., Ltd., Northeast Normal University, and Beijing Union University. The main drafters of this document are. Ran Linghua, Zhang Yiwen, Deng Hua, Dong Dayong, Zhang Xin, Hu Huimin, Chen Zhaohui, Zhao Chaoyi, Ye Qinci, Ge Meng, Chen Jian, Qin Hua, Zhang Yunhong, Zhang Wenqiang, Bie Qingfeng, Xu Baodong, Wei Bo, Shi Gongchen, Niu Jianwei, Wang Zhongting, Jiang Gancheng, Yang Aiping, Ren Zhaoting, Zhang Yongliang, Zheng Chunyuan, Wu Haimei, Xu Hongqi, He Yue, Zhao He, Yu Wenhua.

Introduction

GB/T 18978 ergonomics national standards correspond to ISO 9241 international standards and originally consisted of 17 parts. This series of standards provides the ergonomic requirements for office work using visual display terminals. During the international standard review, the ISO 9241 series was reviewed. The general title of ISO 9241 is “Human-system interaction engineering”. The “Econometrics” reflects the adjusted changes, and ISO 9241 is consistent with the overall title and scope of ISO /TC159/SC4 subcommittee. After the adjustment, the series of standards composed of multiple parts are numbered with "hundred", among which the 100 series is the software interface and the.200 series is the people-centered The 300 series covers visual displays, the 400 series covers physical input devices, etc. Other ISO 9241 series not included in the "hundred" series include. For the standards listed above, the old numbers are still used. For example, for national standards equivalent to ISO 9241-11.2018, the number is still GB/T 18978.11. Corresponding to the ISO 9241 series of standards, the GB/T 18978 "hundred" series of standards is planned to consist of the following series. ---100 Series. Software Ergonomics. The purpose is to identify processes and methods related to software ergonomics. ---200 Series. Human-centered Design. The goal is to provide human-centered design principles throughout the life cycle of interactive systems. and activities provide requirements and suggestions. ---300 Series. Displays and display-related hardware. The purpose is to provide methods for the ergonomic design and evaluation of visual displays. laws, compliance measures and guidelines. ---400 Series. Physical Input Devices. The purpose is to provide ergonomic design criteria, selection procedures, testing and Evaluation method. ---500 Series. Workspace. The purpose is to provide ergonomic principles and methods for the design of interactive system space environments. ---600 Series. Environmental Ergonomics. The purpose is to provide environmental ergonomics requirements and the impact of the environment on people. ---700 Series. Control Rooms. The purpose is to provide requirements, recommendations and guidance for the ergonomic design and evaluation of control rooms. ---900 Series. Haptics and Tactile Interaction. The purpose is to provide guidance for the design and evaluation of haptic and tactile ergonomic interactions. This document aims to provide guidance for the design of interactive system software so that the system achieves the highest possible standard of accessibility. Design human-computer interaction systems to improve their accessibility and enhance the effectiveness, efficiency and Satisfaction. Accessibility is closely related to the concept of usability (see ISO 9241-11). It is important to incorporate accessibility goals and features into the design as early as possible, especially when accessibility modifications are needed after the product is designed. In addition to providing guidance on achieving this goal, this document also aims to eliminate the The obstacles encountered in activities such as information sharing and communication, meet the emerging needs of society and legislation for barrier-free design. Note 1.The requirements and recommendations of this document apply generally to software applications. Additional details on accessible design of Web content (including Web applications) are available at For guidelines, see Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG, in full). This document is based on current understanding of the characteristics of individuals with specific physical, sensory and/or cognitive impairments. However, accessibility is an The individuals in these target groups vary widely in terms of their physical, sensory and cognitive abilities, and each target group includes Therefore, people with disabilities are not a specific group that can be isolated and ignored. Differences in ability may arise from The various factors that limit people’s ability to participate in daily life activities are a “universal human experience”. For broadly defined user groups, including. ---People with physical, sensory and cognitive disabilities caused by congenital or acquired factors; --Older people who can benefit from new products and services due to reduced physical, sensory and cognitive abilities; ---People with temporary disabilities, such as those with a broken arm or who forget to wear glasses; ---People who have difficulty in certain situations, such as working in a noisy environment or when their hands are busy with other activities. There are other terms often used in relation to accessibility when designing and evaluating interactive systems. In Europe, Design for All is or “universal design” in North America is the goal of maximizing the number and diversity of users, regardless of their technology. However, this does not mean that every product can be used by all consumers; there will always be a few who Accessibility is defined in this document as a barrier-free device that is used by a large number of people with severe or multiple disabilities and for which products need to be adapted or customized. The emphasis of design is on maximizing the number of users and working to improve the usability level of these user experiences. This document also takes into account that some software users may need the support of accessible technologies when using the system. In this concept, this includes the ability of the system to provide connectivity and successful integration with assistive technologies to increase the number of people who can use interactive systems. Number of groups. This document provides software design guidelines to make accessible technologies integrate as effectively as possible with commonly used assistive technologies. Assistive technology can be implemented through a combination of software and hardware controlled by the software. Assistive technology usually provides specialized input that is not provided by the system. Such software includes. on-screen keyboards that replace the physical keyboard, screen magnification that allows the user to view the screen at various levels of magnification, Screen readers that allow blind users to navigate applications, determine the state of controls, and read text via text-to-speech Software. Such hardware includes head-mounted pointing devices that replace the mouse and output devices that replace video displays and Braille. When users use additional auxiliary software and hardware, the usability of the system and applications will be enhanced. The programming services necessary to allow the software to operate effectively with the additional auxiliary software and hardware specified in this document are provided by the software (including the operating system). If a system does not support assistive technologies, users are more likely to encounter compatibility, performance, and usability issues. The most important ways to improve the accessibility of human-system interfaces include. --- Adopt a human-centered design approach (see ISO 13407); ---Follow a context-based design process; --- Provide personalized capabilities (see ISO 9241-110); ---Provide personalized user guidance and training. This document applies to the design of interactive system software for use at home, leisure activities, public places and work. Provides requirements and/or recommendations for design, appearance and behavior, and specific accessibility issues, which may be consistent with ISO 9241-11, ISO 9241-13, ISO 9241-14, ISO 9241-110 and other standards are used together, and also reflect the goals set out in ISO Guide 71.To achieve the goal of accessibility, follow The above criteria are also very important. This document is intended for the following users. ---Designers of user interface development tools and interface designers as style guides; ---User interface designers, use the guidelines in this document during the development process; ---Developers, use the guidance in this document in the design and implementation of system functions; ---People responsible for implementing solutions to meet end-user needs; --- Buyer, refer to this document during product procurement; ---Assessor, responsible for ensuring that the product meets the requirements of this document. Note 2.In this document, "developers" generally refers to all personnel involved in the entire development process of software design and development, who usually come from different collaborations or Partner organizations. The ultimate beneficiary of this document is the end user of the software. Although the end user is unlikely to read this document, designers, Developers, buyers, and evaluators can provide customers with more accessible user interfaces by applying this document. However, those involved in the design of user interface hardware may also refer to the information in this document when considering the interaction between software and hardware. suggestions. Appendix A gives the framework of the entire ISO 9241 series of standards. Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction Part 171.Software Accessibility Design Guidelines

1 Scope

This document provides ergonomic guidelines and specifications for designing accessible software for use at work, home, education, and public places. The issues involved in designing software for use by people with varying physical, sensory and cognitive abilities, including those with temporary disabilities and the elderly It clarifies the factors that need to be considered for software accessibility, which is consistent with ISO 9241-110, ISO 9241-11, ISO 9241-13, ISO 9241-14 The universal design for usability in standards such as. This document applies to the accessible design of interactive systems, covering a wide range of software (such as office, web, learning support and library systems). system, etc.). This document improves the usability of systems for a wider range of users. Although this document does not cover the behavior or requirements, but it involves the use of assistive technologies as an integrated component of interactive systems. This document is intended for use by persons responsible for the specification, design, development, evaluation, and procurement of software platforms and software applications.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document. For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to This document. GB/T 18976-2003 Human-centered interactive system design process (ISO 13407.1999, IDT) GB/T 18978.12-2009 Ergonomics requirements for office work using visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 12.Information presentation Current (ISO 9241-12.1998, IDT) ISO 9241-13 Ergonomics for office use with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 13.User guide (Ergo- Note. GB/T 18978.13-2009 Ergonomics requirements for office use with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 13.User guide (ISO 9241- 13.1998,IDT) ISO 9241-14 Ergonomics for office use with visual display terminals (VDTs) Part 14.Menu dialogues (Ergo- ISO 9241-110 Ergonomics of human-system interaction Part 110.Dialogue principles action-Part 110.Dialogueprinciples)

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 acceleratorkeys;shortcutkeys A key combination that can directly activate a menu option when the menu bar does not present the option or submenu. [Source. ISO 9241-14.1997, 3.7]

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