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GB/T 311.4-2010: Insulation co-ordination -- Part 4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modeling of electrical networks
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 311.4-2010 (GB/T311.4-2010) | | Description (Translated English) | Insulation co-ordination -- Part 4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modeling of electrical networks | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K48 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.080.01 | | Word Count Estimation | 100,144 | | Date of Issue | 2010-11-10 | | Date of Implementation | 2011-05-01 | | Quoted Standard | GB 311.1-1997; GB/T 311.2-2002; GB/T 311.3; GB 1984; GB 11032; GB/T 13499; GB/T 16927.1; IEC 62271-110-2005 | | Adopted Standard | IEC 60071-4-2004, MOD | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 8 of 2010 (total 163) | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This standard provides for insulation coordination calculation guidelines digitized and made universally accepted recommendations: digital model of the power system, implementation of certainty for numerical and statistical laws. This section applies to insulation coordination are given for the calculation method, modeling and examples have the information in order to adopt GB/T 311. 2-2002 proposed method, and in accordance with GB 311. 1-1997 select the insulation level of equipment or devices. | GB/T 311.4-2010: Insulation co-ordination -- Part 4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modeling of electrical networks
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Insulation co-ordination Part 4. Computational guide to insulation co-ordination and modeling of electrical networks
ICS 29.080.01
K48
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Insulation coordination
Part 4. Power and Insulation Coordination
Simulation Calculation Guide
Part 4. Computationalguidetoinsulationco-ordination
(IEC 60071-4.2004, MOD)
Issued on. 2010-11-10
2011-05-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Preface Ⅶ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and abbreviations 3
5 Overvoltage Type 4
Study Type 5 6
6.1 temporary overvoltage (TOV) 6
6.2 before slow overvoltage (SFO) 6
6.3 fast front overvoltage (FFO) 6
Express 6.4 wave front overvoltage (VFFO) 6
And numerical representation of network elements 7 for 6
7.1 Overview 6
7.2 Numerical Processing 6
7.3 of overhead lines and underground cables represent 8
7.4 Calculation of temporary over-voltage grid element represents 8
It represents 7.5 before calculating the slow wave grid overvoltage element 12
7.6 Calculation former fast transient wave the grid element represents 15
Before computing Express 7.7 wave overvoltage network element represented 23
8 of 25 temporary overvoltage
8.1 Overview 25
8.2 temporary overvoltage The Fast 25
8.3 temporary overvoltage detailed calculation 25
Slow wave front 9 Overvoltage 27
9.1 Overview 27
Quick way to research 28 9.2 SFO
9.3 Methods employed 28
9.4 Statistics Law Guide 29
10 fast front overvoltage (FFO) Analysis 30
10.1 Overview 30
10.2 statistics and statistics semi Application guide 31
The first 11 Express overvoltage (VFFO) Analysis 34
11.1 Overview 34
Purpose of the study 11.2 34
11.3 VFFO generation and type 34
11.4 Study with Guidelines 35
12 Simulation Example 35
12.1 Overview 35
12.2 Example 1. Including long-term, including the large-scale transmission system TOV 36
12.3 Example 2 (SFO) --- 500kV line charging (closing) 38
12.4 Example 3 (FFO) substation lightning protection --- 500kVGIS 41
12.5 Condition 4 (VFFO) --- 765kVGIS transient simulation of 45
Appendix A (informative) of overhead lines and underground cables represented 65
Exact П model A.1 single conductor line 65
A.2 General П circuit 65
A.3 traveling wave method. often single-phase inductor lossless line 66
A.4 single wire line model frequency-dependent 66
A.5 multi-conductor line model 66
A.5.1 model parameters 66
A.5.2 transformation matrix approximation 67
Annex B (informative) breaker arcing model 68
B.1 breaking step 68
Mathematical model B.2 arc 68
Special circumstances B.3 circuit disconnected 69
B.3.1 breaking fault line 69
B.3.2 breaking small inductor current 69
Appendix C (Informative Appendix) lightning damage computing system equipment failure rate power law probability 70
C.1 Introduction 70
OK C.2 probability model 70
C.2.1 lightning point 70
Calculation and determination of fault domain (see Figure C.1) 71 C.3 intensity function
C.4 failure rate calculated integral 72
C.5 expected number of faults in 73
Annex D (informative) Calculation Example 5 (TOV) --- 400kV/200kV transmission lines and systems
Resonance reactor between 74
D.1 input parameters and simulation 74
D.1.1 line 74
D.1.2 line parameters 74
Generator 74 D.1.3
D.1.4 transformer 74
D.1.5 reactor 75
D.2 Method 76
D.3 results and interpretation 76
Annex E (informative) Calculation Example 6 (SFO) --- calculation of gas-insulated circuit failure rate caused by SFO 79
E.1 input data and model 79
E.1.1 circuit diagram (Figure E.1) 79
E.1.2 Power 79
E.1.3 arrester (7.5.11) 79
E.1.4 Breaker 80
E.1.5 overhead lines and gas insulated lines (GIL) 80
E.1.6 residual charge (7.5.2) 80
E.2 method employed 80
E.3 System Structure 82
E.4 results and analysis 82
E.5 failure rate calculation 83
E.6 recommendation 84
Annex F (informative) Calculation Example 7 (FFO) --- put out the small opening and closing of the high-frequency inductor current arc 86
F.1 Test 86
F.2 analog input data and model 86
F.2.1 arc and arc model parameters 86
F.2.2 analog circuit 87
F.3 Results and comments 88
References 89
Figure 1 Type Overvoltage (Overvoltage except express wave front) 47
FIG. 2 is used for inductance damping resistor 47
Figure 3 for the damping resistor capacitor 47
Figure 4 Steady nonlinear element sample calculation assumptions 48
5 AC voltage equivalent circuit 48
Figure 6 Dynamic Power model 48
Figure 7 equivalent linear representation of a network 49
8 [56] indicates load 49
Figure 9 represents the synchronous motor 49
Figure 10 illustrates the statistical distribution of the double switch 50 used
11 multi-stage transmission tower [16], H = l1 l2 l3 l4 50
Example 12 branches Corona Model 51
13 volt-second characteristic example 51
14 double slash waveform 52
FIG. 15 CIGRE dished waveform 52
Simplified Model 16 ground electrode 53
Figure 17 a substation depth network simulation example 53
Figure 18 two substations depth network simulation example 53
Application of 19 statistics and statistics of 53 semi
20 EGM Application 54
21 Taking into account the two random variables (and destructive lightning current maximum voltage) threshold function 54
At the interface of FIG. 22 GIS and air. coupling (Z3) between the housing and the ground, between the ground and overhead lines (Z2) and
Between the bus conductor and the housing (Z1) [33] 54
23 single-line diagram of the test system 55
Figure 24 Transient Stability Computation TOV obtained CHM7, LVD7 and CHE7 at 56
25 transient stability simulation obtained first, second and third power center frequency generator 56
26 is a block diagram of dynamic power model [55] 57
Electromagnetic transient TOV Figure 27 LVD7 --- having at 588kV and 612kV arrester analog fixed connection 57
Electromagnetic transient TOV Figure 28 CHM7 --- having at 588kV and 612kV arrester analog fixed connection 57
TOV Figure 29 LVD7 at --- an electromagnetic transient simulation 484kV automatic switching of the MOA 58
TOV Figure 30 CHM7 at --- an electromagnetic transient simulation 484kV automatic switching of the MOA 58
Rendering System 58 31
32 auxiliary contacts and main contacts 59
Figure 33 has a residual charge and a closing resistor configuration is relatively over-voltage insulation discharge cumulative probability function and probability sample 59
34 relationship between the number of faults with the device withstand voltage between the 1000 operations 59
35 a circuit diagram for the lightning research 500kVGIS substation 60
36 lightning current waveform 61
Approximate 37 a GIS segment (node) failures and security status of the interface represented 61
Figure 38 joint probability density function of the equivalent curve 61
Figure 39 isolation switch having a closing line diagram 765kVGIS part of GIS (only bold line of simulated here
Transient phenomena are important; some point in FIG. 40 is also shown here) 62
40 Study of transient phenomena 765kVGIS analog portion 62
Figure 63 ramp 41 4ns
42 switching operations 64
Table 1 overvoltage category and voltage waveform shapes --- standard and standard tolerance test 4
Table 2 The most serious type of over-voltage and generates a corresponding relationship between their condition 5
Table 3 applications and limitations of existing overhead lines and underground cables Model 8
Table 4 in [59] suggested that correspond to different structures k, U0 and DE value 18
Table 5, taken from the literature [44] The minimum capacitance to ground the transformer 20
Table 6 taken from literature [28] A typical transformer-type device capacitance to ground 20
Table 7 taken from the literature [28] breakers and disconnectors capacitance to ground 20
Table 8 for the first time expressed a negative downward lightning 21
Table 9 first negative downward lightning time to half value 22
Table 10 subsequent negative downward lightning represents 22
Table 11 half-peak time then negative downward lightning 22
Table 12 VFFO study represents 24 member
Table Type 13 FFO Research Methods 31
Table 14 supply side 38 parameters
Table 15 arrester features 39
Table 16 shunt reactors features 39
Table 17 of the capacitor circuit breaker 40
Table 18 residual charge 40
Table 19 System Structure 40
Table 20 records overvoltage 41
Table number of failures operations 211 000 41
Table 22 System Model 42
Data 43 Table 23 Application of EGM law needed
Table 24 Peak current distribution 43
Table 25 the number of lightning overhead into two different sections of the line 43
Table 26 GIS parameters disruptive discharge voltage distribution and the distribution of lightning current peak 44
Table 27 FORM risk estimate (tower grounding resistance = 10Ω) 44
Table 28 for GIS11 failure rate estimate 45
Table 29 GIS element simulation. 765kVGIS data 45
Foreword
This section uses redrafted law revision using IEC 60071-4.2004 "insulation coordination - Part 4. insulation coordination and power grid simulation
Calculation Guidelines "(in English).
This section drafted in accordance with the rules of GB/T 1.1-2009 and GB/T 20000.2-2009 given.
This part of IEC 60071-4.2004 and its main technical difference between the following reasons.
--- 3.17 lightning current representation by "lightning current maximum value" instead of "lightning current minimum." IEC 60071-4.2004 editorial mistake
Mistake, it has been modified;
--- 7.6.3.3 inductive branch with "0.5μH/m" instead of "1μH/m". According to our experience, 1μH/m value is too large, so enter
Were modified;
--- Deleted "7.4.3.1 recommend using PI model," the article title line. 7.4.3 because no 7.4.3.2, does not meet the
GB/T 1.1-2009 of the relevant provisions. It made editorial changes;
--- Increase in 7.6.5.1.4 in "Note 2. 7.6.5.1.3 and 7.6.5.1.4 method is described for the standard atmospheric conditions, not test
Consider the impact of height above sea level, it should not be directly applied to engineering... "Because of IEC 60071-4" 7.6.5.1.3 using standard area
The air gap model "and" 7.6.5.1.4 indicates an air gap model based on the spread of the pilot "methods described are for standard
In terms of quasi-atmospheric conditions, does not consider the impact of altitude, it can not be directly applied to engineering. It can raise will be described in order to improve
Operability. Another original in 7.6.5.1.4 "note" extended to "Note 1."
--- Increasing the voltage level 500kV Transformer devices typically capacitance to ground data in Table 7.6.7 of the transformer 6. I have to adapt
The actual needs of the country, improve the operability.
--- Breakers and disconnectors in 7.6.8 Table 7 to increase the voltage level 500kV circuit breakers and disconnectors type of equipment typical of
Capacitance data. In order to adapt to the actual needs of our country, improve the operability.
--- 7.6.9 lightning
● Delete "that lightning statistics for the world is the same." Sentence. This remark is not strict, because of the different regions, different countries
The probability distribution of lightning current amplitude are quite different.
● Add "Note. Please pay attention to ground flash density sensitivity should be monitored and lightning current amplitude consistent monitoring of sensitivity, otherwise it will bring
error... "
--- 7.6.9.3 represents the first negative downward lightning probability distribution
● Deleted "can also use some of the existing empirical formulas used in some countries." Line. NA therefore deleted.
● Add "Note. According to the actual measurement of data, mine calculated in most parts of the lightning current amplitude distribution of mining
With lgP (If) = - If/88, other than the Southern Northwest, parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (average such areas
Thunderstorm days generally lightning current amplitude 20 and below) less mine area is halved, lgP (If) = - If/44 "because it is not.
The same area, the probability distribution of lightning current amplitude in different countries are quite different, and IEC 60071-4 "7.6.9.3 only mediator
Introduce a simplified formula for distribution on a current amplitude IEEE raised, not fully applicable to our country, so add comments
China's actual indicated to improve operability.
--- 10.1.3 with certainty Law "maximum lightning current" instead of "minimum lightning current." IEC 60071-4.2004 editorial error, so advance
Were modified;
--- Increase in the data required in 10.2.2 "--- discharge characteristics of the tower head of the air gap; 'computing needs.
--- Continuous operation 12.3.1.4 Table 15 arrester characteristics with voltage Uc data "324kV" instead of "350kV", with exercise
Data for impulse residual voltage U (2kA) of "907kV" instead of operating impulse residual voltage U (1kA) data "864kV". To accommodate
The actual needs of our country, that is consistent with the relevant provisions of GB 11032.
--- Appendix A
● A.3 traveling wave method. often single-phase inductor lossless line with the formula "V (x, t) ZCI (x, t) = 2 × ZCF1 (x-υt)" instead of
"V (t) ZCI (t) = 2 × ZCF1 (x-υt)".
● A.4 single conductor line models with frequency dependent formula "V1 (t) -F-1 (ZC) × I1 (t) = F-1 (e-γl) × (V2
(T) F-1 (ZC) × I2 (t)) "instead of" V1 (t) -F-1 (ZC) × I1 (t) = F-1 (e-γl) × (V1 (t) F -1 (ZC) ×
I2 (t)) ".
● A.5.1 model parameters using the formula "-dV
(P, x)
dx = Z
(P) I (p, x); - dI
(P, x)
dx = Y
(P) V (p, x) "instead of
"-dV
(P, x)
dx = Z
(P) I (p); - dI
(P, x)
dx = Y
(P) V (p) ".
IEC 60071-4.2004 editorial errors, it has been modified.
--- Portion of the IEC 60071-4.2004 clause above main difference has been involved in an empty space by the outside edge of the vertical page
Straight single line (|) were marked.
This section of Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E, Appendix F for the informative appendix.
This part is proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association.
This part of the National high-voltage test technique and insulation with Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC163) centralized.
This section is drafted by. National Electric Power Research Institute network, Xi'an High Voltage Apparatus Research Institute Co., Ltd.
Participated in the drafting of this section. a high level of Henan Electric Co., Ltd., Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Hunan Electric Power Test & Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid
Technology Research Center, Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute, Jiangxi Electric Power Research Institute, Cooper Nature (Ningbo) Electrical Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this section. Google set Xie, Tian Enwen, Zhoupei Hong, Wang Jiansheng, Wang Weizhou, Yan Yulin, He Huiwen, Zhang Xiaoyong.
The drafters of some of the participants. Choi Dong, Chen Yong, Wang Ting, Cao Xianglin, Guo Zhihong, Li literature, Jiang Zhenglong, Cai Hansheng, child morale, Jiang Bin.
Insulation coordination
Part 4. Power and Insulation Coordination
Simulation Calculation Guide
1 Scope
GB/T 311 provisions of this part of the insulation with digital computing guidelines, and made generally accepted recommendations.
--- Digital model of the power system;
--- Applies in numerical deterministic and statistical methods.
This section applies to the calculation method given in insulation coordination, modeling and examples of relevant information, in order to adopt GB/T 311.2-
2002 proposes a method, apparatus, or device and select 311.1-1997 insulation level according to GB .
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member; undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB 311.1-1997 insulation with high voltage power transmission equipment (neqIEC 60071-1.1993)
GB/T 311.2-2002 Insulation coordination - Part 2. insulated high voltage transmission and distribution equipment used in conjunction with Guideline (eqv IEC 60071-
2.1996)
GB/T 311.3 Insulation Coordination Part 3. HVDC converter station insulation coordination procedures (GB/T 311.3-2007,
IEC 60071-5.2002, MOD)
GB 1984 high voltage AC circuit breaker (GB 1984-2003, IEC 62271-100.2001, MOD)
GB 11032 metal oxide surge arresters without gaps (GB 11032-2000, eqv IEC 60099-4.1991)
GB/T 13499 power transformer application guide (GB/T 13499-2002, idt IEC 60076-8.1997)
GB/T 16927.1 High-voltage test techniques Part 1. General test requirements (GB/T 16927.1-1997, eqv
IEC 60060-1. 1989)
IEC 62271-110.2005 high-voltage switchgear and control equipment - Part 110. Inductive load opening and closing (High-voltage
switchgearandcontrolgear-Part 110. Lnductiveloadswitching)
3 Terms and Definitions
GB 311.1-1997 In addition, the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
Note. Certain terms from IEC multilingual dictionary [1] 1.
1 square brackets references see Ref.
3.1
Feedback backfeeding
Powered by low voltage through the transformer high-voltage overhead lines or cable lateral working conditions.
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