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GB/T 18295-2026: Microbeam analysis - Analysis method of sandstone sample of petroleum and gas reservoir by scanning electron microscope
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GB/T 18295: Evolution and historical versions
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Microbeam analysis - Analysis method of sandstone sample of petroleum and gas reservoir by scanning electron microscope
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| GB/T 18295-2001 | English | 389 |
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Analysis method of sandstone sample of petroleum and gas reservoir by scanning electron microscope
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 18295-2026 (GB/T18295-2026) | | Description (Translated English) | Microbeam analysis - Analysis method of sandstone sample of petroleum and gas reservoir by scanning electron microscope | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | G04 | | Classification of International Standard | 71.040.40 | | Word Count Estimation | 26,248 | | Date of Issue | 2026-02-27 | | Date of Implementation | 2026-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 18295-2001 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of China | GB/T 18295-2026: Microbeam analysis - Analysis method of sandstone sample of petroleum and gas reservoir by scanning electron microscope
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ICS 71.040.40
CCSG 04
National Standards of the People's Republic of China
Replaces GB/T 18295-2001
Microbeam analysis of sandstone samples from oil and gas reservoirs
Electron microscopy analysis methods
Published on 2026-02-27
Implemented on 2026-09-01
State Administration for Market Regulation
The State Administration for Standardization issued a statement.
Table of contents
Preface III
Introduction IV
1.Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3.Terms and Definitions 1
4.Principle 2
5.Instruments, equipment, software, and materials 2
6.Sample Preparation 3
7.Experimental Procedure 4
8.Analysis Steps 7.
9.Analysis Report 10
Appendix A (Informative) Description of Mineral Types and Occurrences of Sandstone Cementitious Materials 12
Appendix B (Informative) Types of Post-Dysgenetic Variations in Sandstone 16
Appendix C (Informative) Test Parameter Recording Table and Analysis Report Format 19
References 21
Foreword
This document complies with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Standardization Work Guidelines Part 1.Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardization Documents".
Drafting.
This document supersedes GB/T 18295-2001 "Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis Methods for Sandstone Samples from Oil and Gas Reservoirs" and is consistent with GB/T 18295-
Compared to.2001, aside from structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
a) The scope has been changed, and the description now includes "instruments, software and materials, sample preparation, test procedures, analytical procedures and..."
The analysis report expanded its applicable content to include "sandy components in rocks such as mudstone, shale, and coal" (see Chapter 1,.2001 edition).
Chapter 1);
b) The term "skeleton" has been removed (see 3.10 of the.2001 edition);
c) The terms "face rate," "secondary enlargement," "leaching," and "replacement" have been changed (see 3.6–3.9, 3.2, 3.7, and 3.8 in the.2001 edition).
3.9);
d) The principle has been added (see Chapter 4);
e) Software has been added (see Chapter 5);
f) Changes were made to the instruments, materials, and reagents (see Chapter 5, Chapter 4 of the.2001 edition);
g) Sample preparation has been modified (see Chapter 6, Chapter 5 in the.2001 edition);
h) The experimental procedures were changed (see Chapter 7, Chapter 6 of the.2001 edition);
i) Added analytical steps, including porosity and throat analysis, and mineral analysis (see Chapter 8);
j) The methods for measuring pore size and throat size, calculating porosity, and analyzing minerals were revised (see Chapter 8,.2001 edition).
Chapter 6);
k) The analysis report has been modified (see Chapter 9, Chapter 7 of the.2001 edition).
Please note that some content in this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed and is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Standardization of Microbeam Analysis (SAC/TC38).
This document was drafted by. Exploration and Development Research Institute of China National Petroleum Corporation and Shengli Petrochemical Corporation.
Oilfield Branch Exploration and Development Research Institute, China National Petroleum Corporation Changqing Oilfield Branch, CNOOC Energy Development Co., Ltd.
The company, and the Wuxi Petroleum Geology Research Institute of the Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute of China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation.
The main drafters of this document are. Wang Xiaoqi, Jin Xu, Zhu Rukai, Wei Guangzhen, Xie Liqin, Wu Songtao, Zhang Lin, Yu Zhichao, Yang Weiwei, and Zhou Ze.
Li Chenchen, Bao Fang, Zhang Qian, Liu Xiaodan, Li Yiheng, Wang Kang.
This document was first published in.2001, and this is its first revision.
Introduction
Since 1974, the petroleum industry has been using scanning electron microscopy to analyze petroleum geological samples. Currently, major oil and gas universities and oilfield companies across the country are using this technology.
The company is widely equipped with scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and SEM analysis has become a fundamental method for analyzing petroleum geological samples. SEMs can directly...
High-resolution microscopic images of sandstone pores and minerals can be obtained using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), which can also reveal the elemental composition and mineral particle size distribution of sandstone minerals. This information is valuable for researchers.
Evaluating reservoir quality and fracturing performance is of great significance and plays an important supporting role in the exploration and development of oil and gas in my country.
In recent years, the research objects faced by sandstone oil and gas reservoir exploration and development in my country have become increasingly complex, including not only conventional oil and gas reservoir sandstone, but also denser and heterogeneous sandstone.
The proportion of tight sandstone in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, characterized by stronger pores and finer throats, is gradually increasing, posing new challenges to sample processing and image acquisition.
Meanwhile, new instruments such as field emission scanning electron microscopes and large-detector crystal area energy dispersive spectrometers have made significant progress in terms of resolution and quantitative analysis accuracy.
All have achieved a qualitative leap; the level of supporting sample preparation equipment such as argon ion beam polishing machines and controllable thickness coating instruments has also been further improved; with large-area splicing
New methods, such as direct imaging and automated mineral analysis, have been widely used in rock sample analysis and are gradually becoming mainstream technologies, providing a foundation for further research and development.
To meet the needs of research and production applications, this revision incorporates the above-mentioned new technologies into this document.
Microbeam analysis of sandstone samples from oil and gas reservoirs
Electron microscopy analysis methods
1 Scope
This document describes the principles, instruments, software, materials, sample preparation, and experimental procedures used in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of sandstone samples from oil and gas reservoirs.
The analysis process includes steps and reports.
This document applies to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of sandstone samples, and also to the SEM analysis of sandy components in mudstone, shale, coal, and other rocks.
analyze.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents, through normative references within the text, constitute essential provisions of this document. Dated citations are not included.
For references to documents, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies.
This document.
GB/T 17359-2023 Microbeam analysis of elements with atomic numbers not less than 11 by energy dispersive spectroscopy for quantitative analysis
GB/T 17361 Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy method for the identification of authigenic clay minerals in sedimentary rocks by microbeam analysis
GB/T 27788 Guidelines for Magnification Calibration of Scanning Electron Microscope Images Using Microbeam Analysis
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 17359-2023, GB/T 17361 and GB/T 27788, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Detritalgrain
The granular raw material that makes up sandstone (including quartz, feldspar, and rock fragments).
3.2
cement
Authigenic minerals that form in the intergranular pores through chemical precipitation.
3.3
heteromatrix
Fine-grained debris deposited mechanically.
Note. This includes fine sand and clay.
3.4
pore
The space surrounded by the solid rock portion that is not filled with clastic particles, cement, and matrix.
3.5
throat
A narrow channel connecting two adjacent pores.
Note. A throat connects two pores, while a pore usually connects multiple throats; large pores and coarse throats, when the pore/throat diameter ratio is close, are all classified as pores.
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