GB/T 13752-2017 (GB/T13752-2017, GBT 13752-2017, GBT13752-2017)
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Design rules for tower cranes
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GB/T 13752-2017
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Standards related to: GB/T 13752-2017
| Standard ID | GB/T 13752-2017 (GB/T13752-2017) | | Description (Translated English) | Design rules for tower cranes | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J80 | | Classification of International Standard | 53.020.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 226,234 | | Date of Issue | 2017-02-28 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 13752-1992 | | Drafting Organization | Beijing Institute of Construction Mechanization, Zoomlion Co., Ltd., Harbin Institute of Technology | | Administrative Organization | National Committee for Standardization of Hoisting Machinery (SAC/TC 227) | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Announcement No. 4 of 2017 | | Proposing organization | China Machinery Industry Federation | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People Republic of China, China National Standardization Administration Committee | GB/T 13752-2017
Design rules for tower cranes
ICS 53.020.20
J80
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 13752-1992
Tower crane design specification
Published on.2017-02-28
2017-09-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Content
Foreword III
Introduction V
1 range 1
2 Normative references 1
3 terms, definitions and symbol code 3
3.1 Terms and Definitions 3
3.2 Symbol code 3
4 General 3
4.1 Checking 3
4.2 Classification 7
4.3 Load 14
4.4 Load Combination 26
4.5 Anti-overturn stability and anti-slip safety 30
4.6 Determination of support reaction force 33
4.7 Tracks and Foundations 34
4.8 Transportation 36
4.9 Balance weight 36
4.10 Security Requirements 36
5 Structure 36
5.1 General 36
5.2 Materials and their ultimate design stress 37
5.3 Static strength check 40
5.4 Elastic stability check 48
5.5 Fatigue strength check 53
5.6 Rigid requirements 56
5.7 Construction Requirements 57
6 institution 60
6.1 Lifting mechanism 60
6.2 Operating Mechanism 64
6.3 Swing mechanism 68
6.4 Luffing mechanism 69
6.5 Climbing system 72
6.6 Self-erecting mechanism and auxiliary mechanism 73
6.7 General Mechanical Parts 74
6.8 Special parts 81
6.9 Hydraulic System and Internal Combustion Engine 87
7 Electric 89
7.1 General 89
7.2 Working environment of electrical equipment 89
7.3 Power supply 89
7.4 Control system and operating device 90
7.5 Motor 91
7.6 Electrical components 92
7.7 Wire and Cable 93
7.8 Control Panel (Cabinet) 95
7.9 Electrical Protection 95
7.10 Grounding 96
7.11 Lighting, Signal, Communication 97
7.12 Other 97
Appendix A (informative) Example of lifting state level of tower cranes 98
Appendix B (normative appendix) Aerodynamic coefficient 99
Appendix C (informative) Loads caused by skewed operation 109
Appendix D (informative) Impact on the evaluation of brittle failure factors and the selection of steel quality groups 111
Appendix E (Normative) Load carrying capacity of pipe welded joints 114
Appendix F (informative) The axial force of the structural member subjected to a uniform load 128
Appendix G (Normative) The calculated length of the compression member and the converted aspect ratio of the lattice member 129
Appendix H (Normative) Stability factor of axial compression members 148
Appendix I (normative appendix) Lateral buckling stability factor of curved beam members (integral stability factor) φb 152
Appendix J (informative) Overall stability check of the bending members 156
Appendix K (Normative Appendix) Component Connection Stress Concentration Levels and Component Joint Types for Structural Fatigue Calculations 161
Appendix L (Normative Appendix) Primary Selection of Motors for Tower Cranes
Appendix M (informative) JC, CZ, G values in the calculation of motor capacity selection for tower cranes 175
Appendix N (Normative) Motor overload check 176
Appendix O (Normative) Thermal test of the motor 178
Appendix P (informative) Hydraulic cylinder stability check 185
Appendix Q (normative appendix) Determination of shape factor Ks, size factor Kd, surface condition factor Ku, corrosion coefficient Kc 186
Appendix R (informative) Calculation method for roll wall and side plate thickness 189
Appendix S (informative) Calculation of slewing bearing selection and installation bolts 193
Appendix T (informative) The current carrying capacity of the conductor 197
Appendix U (Normative) Additional Requirements for Wireless Controls and Control Systems.199
Appendix V (informative) Symbols and codes used in this standard.201
Reference 220
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 13752-1992 "Design Specification for Tower Cranes". This standard is mainly compared with GB/T 13752-1992
The changes are as follows.
a) the addition of “preface” and “introduction” (see “Foreword” and “Introduction”);
b) In the “scope”, from the original “electrically driven tower crane” to “electric or internal combustion engine (engine) drive
Moving tower crane"
c) The following changes have been made to the contents of the “General Provisions” (see Chapter 4).
1) Added the “checking” clause, stipulated the basic principles of checking, and introduced the limit state method of proficiency testing;
2) “Working level of structure” in “Structure” of GB/T 13752-1992 “Load combination” and “Institutional work”
"Level" is adjusted to the "General Principles" of this standard, increasing the working level of mechanical parts;
3) Adjust the “load combination” in GB/T 13752-1992 “Structure” to the “General” of this standard, for “Load” and “Load”
The content of the combination has been greatly enriched and modified, especially the content related to the limit state method;
4) Enrich and modify the contents such as “anti-overturn stability and anti-skid safety” and “track and foundation”;
d) The following changes have been made to the content of the “structure” (see Chapter 5).
1) Added the content of design calculation according to the limit state method;
2) Increased the content of evaluation of brittle fracture of steel;
3) Added the inspection contents of the pin and pipe joints;
4) Simplified the overall stability check formula of the bending and bending members;
5) gives the flexibility calculation formula of the commonly used attachment support;
6) The exact formula for calculating the cable force of the double lifting point boom is given;
7) gives a more detailed and accurate calculation of the length coefficient of the compression member;
8) Revised the content of the structural fatigue strength check;
9) Appropriate adjustment of the rigidity requirements;
10) adjust and enrich the structural requirements of the structural design;
e) The following changes have been made to the content of the “institution” (see Chapter 6).
1) For the design calculation of the organization, the primary selection and checking of the motor capacity is enriched, and the basic contents and mechanism of the mechanism design are introduced.
Brief calculation of performance, etc., increased the content of hydraulic system, climbing system design calculation, etc.;
2) For the design and calculation of mechanical parts, combined with the status quo of domestic and foreign technology development and related standards, revised and adjusted, examples
Such as the modification and enrichment of mechanical parts fatigue calculation, welding and casting reel design calculations.
f) The following changes have been made to the content of “Electrical” (see Chapter 7).
Modifications and adjustments have been made in combination with domestic and international technological development status and related standards, and wireless remote control, electric speed control and control, etc. have been added.
New content.
This standard was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Crane Machinery Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC227).
This standard is drafted by. Beijing Construction Mechanization Research Institute, Zoomlion Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Harbin Institute of Technology.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Langfang Kaibo Construction Machinery Technology Co., Ltd., Sichuan Construction Machinery (Group) Co., Ltd.,
Fushun Yongmao Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Beijing Huadian Wanfang Management System Certification Center, Zhejiang Construction Machinery Group Co., Ltd., Shandong Feng
Hui Equipment Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Dahan Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Shandong Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Hubei Jianghan Construction Engineering Machine
Machinery Co., Ltd., Shandong Dezhou Shengjian Machinery Co., Ltd., Guangxi Construction Engineering Group Construction Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Harbin East
Jian Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Liaoning Provincial Safety Science Research Institute, Liaoning Lianyun Construction Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Shandong Province Architectural Science Research
Institute, China Construction Second Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Zhengxing Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Yunnan Metallurgical Power Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai Construction
Science and Technology Development Corporation, Science and Technology Development Corporation, Shandong Hongda Heavy Industry Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Chongqing Changfeng Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., North
Beijing Jianyan Machinery Technology Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Tian Guangfan, Lu Nianli, Yu Lekang, Lan Peng, Yi Dehui, Zheng Xing, Hu Yuzhi, Luo Wenlong, Lan Jianping, Liu Chunlin,
Sun Tian, Wu Enning, Yan Health, Kang and Zhou, Shi Yong, Xiao Xuequan, Wen Zhaohui, Liu Xiaodong, Lin Yong, Fan Bin, Qin Kexin, Wang Xiaoqing, Wang Qiao, Guo Hanzhu,
Yang Daohua, Zhao Yong, Chen Aihua, Fu Jianxiong, Zhou Xiaorong, Sun Yanqiu.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
---GB/T 13752-1992.
introduction
0.1 This standard does not cover all issues with tower crane design. Content not covered by this standard, the implementation of other tower crane standards and
Provisions regarding general standards.
0.2 Under the premise of ensuring the safety and reliability of the tower crane, do not design the tower crane with different conditions of use and work requirements.
Design and calculate the items listed in this standard item by item, for example.
---Standard parts that have been audited or tested and qualified for the relevant requirements of tower cranes (eg standard structural parts,
Mechanical or electrical components), usually no longer need to be checked;
--- For tower cranes with very low working grades, it is usually not necessary to perform fatigue check;
--- For a simple and less used tower crane, or for a crane consisting of standard components, the calculation can be simplified
Slightly.
0.3 Tower crane users need to pay special attention to determine and select the tower crane and its mechanism when determining the ordering requirements and purchasing products.
Level. The user must appropriately propose the working level of the tower crane according to this standard, and if necessary, further clarify the tower crane
The level of work of each organization to ensure that manufacturers can design and manufacture them. Users can also approximate the selection according to the relevant examples of this standard.
The required working level of the tower crane and its mechanism. However, it should be noted that this standard only gives a reference example and there is no agreement.
Beam force.
0.4 The level of use listed in this standard is not a guarantee for the validity of the actual use of the tower crane. Whether it is a tower crane
The level of use, or the level of use of its organization, is only a design estimate, and it is by no means the tower lift given by the manufacturer.
The guaranteed value of the effective period of the machine or its organization. For a tower crane, if the life expectancy is not fully noticed and estimated in the design,
Or did not meet the correct design requirements at the time of manufacture, or failed to operate and maintain in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, or
The service life conditions are quite different from those required when ordering the tower crane, and the design life expectancy is actually effective.
The period has a relatively large discrepancy; on the contrary, its design life expectancy may be very close to its actual effective use period.
Tower crane design specification
1 Scope
This standard specifies the rules, requirements and methods for the design calculation of tower cranes as defined in GB/T 6974.3.
This standard applies to.
--- Tower cranes that can be assembled and disassembled;
---Permanently installed tower cranes;
---Electric or internal combustion engine (engine) driven tower cranes;
---Other types or uses of tower cranes.
This standard does not apply to.
---Mobile cranes with towers;
--- mounting mast with or without boom;
--- Tower cranes manufactured before the standard was released.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article.
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 699 high quality carbon structural steel
GB/T 700 carbon structural steel
GB/T 985.1 Recommended groove for gas welding, electrode arc welding, gas shielded welding and high energy beam welding
GB/T 985.2 recommended groove for submerged arc welding
GB/T 1231 High-strength large hexagon bolts, large hex nuts and washers for steel structures
GB/T 1591 low alloy high strength structural steel
GB/T 1800.2-2009 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Limits and fits Part 2. Standard tolerance classes and s.
Limit deviation table
GB/T 2423.56-2006 Environmental testing of electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test method test Fh.
Word control) and guidelines
GB 2585 hot rolled rail for railway
GB/T 3077 alloy structural steel
GB/T 3098.1 Fastener mechanical properties bolts, screws and studs
GB/T 3098.2 fastener mechanical properties nut coarse thread
GB/T 3098.4 Fastener mechanical properties nut fine thread
Calculation method for bearing capacity of GB/T 3480 involute cylindrical gear
GB/T 3480.5 Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears - Part 5. Strength and mass of materials
GB/T 3632 steel structure with torsional shear type high strength bolt connection
GB/T 3766 hydraulic system general technical conditions
GB/T 3811-2008 Crane design specification
GB 4208 enclosure protection grade (IP code)
GB/T 4942.1 Rotating electrical machine overall structure protection class (IP code)
GB/T 5117 non-alloy steel and fine grain steel electrode
GB/T 5118 heat-strength steel electrode
GB 5144 tower crane safety regulations
GB 5226.2-2002 Mechanical safety machinery and electrical equipment - Part 32. Technical conditions for lifting machinery
GB/T 5293 carbon steel welding wire and flux for submerged arc welding
GB/T 6974.1 Crane terminology Part 1. General terms
GB/T 6974.3 Crane terminology Part 3. Tower cranes
GB/T 8110 carbon steel, low alloy steel welding wire for gas shielded arc welding
GB 8918 important purpose wire rope
GB/T 9439 gray iron castings
GB/T 10051.1 lifting hooks Part 1. Mechanical properties, lifting weights, stresses and materials
GB/T 10051.8 lifting hooks - part 8. hook beam blanks
GB/T 10051.9 lifting hooks - part 9. hook beam
GB/T 10051.10 lifting hooks - part 10. hook nuts
GB/T 10051.11 lifting hooks - Part 11. Hooks and nuts
GB/T 10062 (all parts) Calculation method for bearing capacity of bevel gears
GB/T 10183.1 Crane wheel and trolley and trolley track tolerances - Part 1. General
GB/T 11264 hot rolled light rail
GB/T 11352 cast carbon steel for general engineering
GB 14048.4 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4-1. Electromechanical contactors for contactors and motor starters
Motor starter (including motor protector)
GB/T 14408 Low alloy steel castings for general engineering and construction
GB/T 16855.1-2008 Safety of machinery - Safety systems - Part 1 . General rules
GB/T 20118 general purpose wire rope
GB/T 20303.3 Crane cabs Part 3. Tower cranes
GB/T 23723.3 Safety of cranes - Part 3. Tower cranes
GB/T 24810.3 Crane limiters and indicators - Part 3. Tower cranes
GB/T 24817.3 Lifting device control arrangements and characteristics - Part 3. Tower crane
GB/T 24818.3 Crane access and safety protection - Part 3. Tower crane
GB/T 26477.1 Design of cranes and associated trolleys - Part 1 . General
GB 26557 cage with vertical guide for people and goods construction elevator
GB/T 27546 hoisting machinery pulley
GB/T 28264 lifting machinery safety monitoring and management system
GB 50007 Building Foundation Design Specification
GB 50010 concrete structure design specification
GB 50017 steel structure design specification
JB/T 7017 hydraulic buffer for cranes
JB/T 8110.1 crane spring buffer
JB/T 8110.2 crane rubber bumper
JB/T 9006 crane reel
JB/T 10833 polyurethane buffer for cranes
JB/T 11865 tower crane wheel technical conditions
JB/T 11866 tower crane with torque limiting coupling
JG/T 5078.1 Construction machinery and equipment welding pulley
JGJ79 Building Foundation Treatment Technical Specifications
JGJ94 construction pile foundation technical specification
YB/T 5055 crane rail
3 terms, definitions and symbolic codes
3.1 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 6974.1 and GB/T 6974.3 apply to this document.
3.2 Symbol code
The main symbols, codes, units and meanings used in this standard are listed in Appendix V.
4 General
4.1 Checking
4.1.1 General
The purpose of the calculation is to theoretically prove that the agreed terms of use and installation and disassembly between the user, the designer and/or the manufacturer are taken into account.
After unloading and transporting, the tower crane is designed to meet the safety requirements for preventing mechanical hazards.
A hazard can occur if the extreme value of the load effect or the load effect history exceeds the corresponding limit state. Therefore should prove. at the same time
The load effect extremes calculated for all loads acting on the tower crane, multiplied by their respective partial load factors, and the estimated load
The load effect process does not exceed the corresponding limit state at any key point of the tower crane. To this end, the limit state method and the allowable stress are used.
Method to verify.
The limit state method (see 4.1.7.1) takes into account the probability characteristics of the load, while the allowable stress method (see 4.1.7.2) does not consider it, so the permit should be
The force method is only reliable under certain circumstances.
In some cases requiring a higher level of safety, the high risk factor γn can be agreed and applied (see 4.4.2).
In order to reflect the actual unfavorable conditions of the tower crane and the order of the load, the individual process or typical use of the tower crane should be addressed.
The load effect of a representative load history is analyzed.
Advanced and recognized theoretical methods or experimental methods can be used in principle as long as they conform to the principles of this standard.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the general flow of the tower crane check.
4.1.2 Model of tower crane and load
Analysis and calculation of the movement, internal force (torque on the gear, wire rope force, etc.) and loss of the tower crane or its components, using rigid body power
Learning model.
In this model, the motor torque and/or braking torque should be the same as any load acting on the moving parts such as loss, mass gravity, tower
The load caused by the movement of the heavy machine or its components and the balance of the wind force.
From this rigid body dynamics model and load model, any change in displacement, velocity, acceleration and/or internal force can be obtained and the corresponding addition
Instantaneous value of speed and/or internal force.
If the calculations meet the agreed terms of use, these changes are the basis for estimating the load effect history (eg, thermal equivalent) and stress history.
The variation and instantaneous value of the acceleration and internal force calculated by the rigid body dynamics model represent only the average value of the actual process, in order to estimate
The actual value of the load caused by sudden changes, which should be multiplied by the dynamic coefficient φi (see 4.3) to amplify.
In some tower cranes or their configurations, all loads generated by simultaneous actuation of different drive mechanisms do not affect each other, for which the drive mechanism
The load effect can be considered independently. In some cases, loads generated by simultaneous actions of different drive mechanisms interact with each other, which should be considered.
influences.
The nominal stress (also known as the nominal stress) on any mechanical part and/or component of a tower crane or its components, usually appropriate
The elastic static model is used to calculate the model consisting of beams or more complex elements, such as plane stress units, plates or shell elements.
The nominal stress is the stress calculated according to the theory of the pure elastic strength of the material, excluding the local stress concentration effect.
4.1.3 Simulation of load action
The process of simulating the change in load on a tower crane or its components over time should occur in the intended use of the tower crane
The equivalent static load caused by the uncorrelated process is applied to the elastic static model, which should be related to the crane or its components.
Configuration and support conditions are consistent.
Note. In this standard, the term “load” or “load action” refers to any behavior or situation that causes a load effect on a tower crane or its components.
Force, predetermined displacement and accidental displacement and/or motion, temperature, wind pressure.
The equivalent static load is given in 4.3. These equivalent static loads represent the effects of loads in the use of tower cranes.
4.1.4 Load combination and load effect
The load is superimposed in such a way that the resulting load effect reaches the instantaneous extreme value for the considered use case.
For the load combination. See 4.4 for the basic load combination.
When determining the load combination, the use of the tower crane should be considered, as well as its control system, normative instructions for use and any
Other intrinsic conditions, which are related to the specific purpose of proficiency testing.
For a combination of loads, the selection of the size, position and direction of all loads acting simultaneously shall cause the extreme load effect to occur in
Among the parts or design points considered. Therefore, in order to determine the extreme stress of all design key points, more consideration should be given in the same load combination.
Multiple loading processes or multiple configurations of a tower crane, such as different locations for lifting trolleys.
When performing static verification, internal or nominal stresses should be used to indicate the upper and lower extremes of the load effect. With tower crane or its department
The combination of established conditions of use and kinematics limits the course of internal or nominal stresses that verify fatigue strength.
When verifying fatigue strength, the number and magnitude of important stress cycles should be clarified.
4.1.5 Limit state
The limit state of this standard refers to the whole machine, its parts or materials that may cause the working characteristics of the tower crane to fail if it exceeds
status. There is a difference between the load capacity limit state and the normal use limit state, specifically.
a) The performance of reaching the limit state of carrying capacity is.
1) The nominal stress causes plastic deformation or sliding of the frictional joint;
2) failure of parts or connectors (such as static strength failure, fatigue failure or formation of dangerous cracks);
3) Elastic instability of tower cranes or their components (such as buckling of components and buckling of thin plates);
4) The rigid body of the tower crane or its components is unstable (such as tipping and shifting);
b) The performance of reaching the normal use limit state is.
1) Deformation that impairs the intended use of the tower crane (such as damage to the function of the moving parts and deformation of the parts);
2) Vibrations that impair the tower crane driver or structure or impede operational performance;
3) Exceeding the temperature limit (such as motor and brake overheating).
a) b) d) c)
Description.
a) a model of the tower crane and load;
b) the effect of the load;
c) limit state;
d) Verification.
Figure 1 General flow of tower crane verification
4.1.6 Capability verification
The limit states that are compatible with material selection, manufacturing techniques, and specified conditions of use should be stated in the proficiency test.
In order to confirm that the load capacity limit state is not exceeded, the following verification should be performed.
a) Strength verification of components, connectors and components.
1) under the action of ......
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