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GB 51427-2021: Technical standard for auto tracking and targeting jet suppression system
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Technical standard for auto tracking and targeting jet suppression system
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GB 51427-2021
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB 51427-2021 (GB51427-2021) |
| Description (Translated English) | Technical standard for auto tracking and targeting jet suppression system |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | P16 |
| Word Count Estimation | 111,181 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation |
GB 51427-2021: Technical standard for auto tracking and targeting jet suppression system
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
1 General
1.0.1 This standard is formulated for the purpose of rationally designing automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing systems, ensuring construction quality, standardizing acceptance and maintenance management, reducing fire losses, and protecting personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This standard applies to the design, construction, acceptance and maintenance management of automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing systems in newly built, expanded and rebuilt civil and industrial buildings.
This standard does not apply to the design, construction, acceptance and maintenance management of automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing systems in special functional buildings such as gunpowder, explosives, ammunition, pyrotechnics factories and warehouses, nuclear power plants and hangars.
1.0.3 The design, construction, acceptance and maintenance management of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system should be closely combined with the function of the protected object, fire characteristics and system characteristics, so as to be safe, reliable, advanced in technology, and economical and reasonable.
1.0.4 The components, materials and equipment of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall be selected from products that meet the relevant current national standards.
1.0.5 The design, construction, acceptance and maintenance management of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the current relevant national standards.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terminology
2.1.1 auto tracking and targeting jet suppression system
Using water as the jet medium, the detection device is used to automatically detect, track and locate the initial fire, and the automatic control method is used to realize the fixed fire extinguishing system of jet fire extinguishing, including fire extinguishing device, detection device, control device, water flow indicator, analog terminal Water testing device and main components such as pipe network and water supply facilities.
Automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system can be divided into automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system, jet type automatic jet fire extinguishing system and spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system.
2.1.2 automatic fire monitor system
The fire extinguishing device is an automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system with a flow rate greater than 16L/s.
2.1.3 eject type automatic jet system eject type automatic jet system
The flow rate of the fire extinguishing device is not greater than 16L/s and not less than 5L/s, and the jet mode is a jet type automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system.
2.1.4 spray type automatic jet system spray type automatic jet system
The flow rate of the fire extinguishing device is not greater than 16L/s and not less than 5L/s, and the jet mode is a spray type automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system.
2.1.5 fire extinguishing device fire extinguishing device
Fire extinguishing equipment that sprays water media in the form of jets, including automatic fire monitors, jet-type automatic fire-extinguishing devices, and spray-type automatic fire-extinguishing devices.
2.1.6 Detection device fire detecting device
It is a device with the functions of automatically detecting and locating the fire source, and transmitting the fire source signal to the control device.
2.1.7 control device control device
The control and information processing components of the system are capable of receiving and processing fire detection signals in a timely manner, sending out control and alarm information, driving fire extinguishing devices to extinguish fire at fixed points, receiving feedback signals, and completing corresponding display and recording at the same time, and reporting to the fire alarm controller or fire linkage The controller is a device that transmits functions such as signals.
2.1.8 automatic control automatic control
In the automatic state, the system automatically completes fire detection, alarm, and activates the fire extinguishing device to implement a control method for fire extinguishing.
2.1.9 manual control in fire control room
It is a control method in which the personnel on duty manually start the fire pump, open the control valve, and adjust the fire extinguishing device to aim at the fire source to extinguish the fire through the system control host operation panel installed in the fire control room.
2.1.10 Manual control on site
After the on-site personnel discover the fire, through the on-site control box, manually start the fire pump, open the control valve, and adjust the fire extinguishing device to aim at the fire source to implement a fire extinguishing control method.
2.2 Symbols
Ch——Haichen-William coefficient;
D - the design maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device;
D0 - the maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device at the rated working pressure;
d - the inner diameter of the pipe;
dj - the calculated inner diameter of the pipe;
h1—head loss along the way;
h2—local head loss;
hc——the minimum water pressure of the municipal pipe network when the fire pump directly pumps water from the urban municipal pipe network;
i——head loss along the pipeline per unit length;
L——calculate the length of the pipeline;
N——Designed number of simultaneously activated fire extinguishing devices;
P——Design pressure required by the fire pump or fire water supply system;
P0 - the rated working pressure of the fire extinguishing device;
Pe - the design working pressure of the fire extinguishing device;
Q——the design flow rate of the system;
q——the design flow rate of the fire extinguishing device;
q0 - the rated flow rate of the fire extinguishing device;
qg——pipe design flow rate;
qn——the design flow rate of the nth fire extinguishing device;
v - the average flow velocity in the pipeline;
Z—the elevation difference between the inlet of the fire extinguishing device at the most unfavorable point and the lowest water level of the fire pool or the horizontal centerline of the water supply inlet pipe of the system;
ζ——local resistance coefficient;
∑h——The total loss of water head in the pipeline from the outlet of the pump to the inlet of the fire extinguishing device at the most unfavorable point.
3 Basic Regulations
3.1 Applicable places
3.1.1 The automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system can be used to put out fires in civil buildings, Class C production workshops, and Class C warehouses, and the following places where the fire category is Class A.
1 High and large space places with a headroom height greater than 12m;
2 The headroom height is greater than 8m and not greater than 12m, and it is difficult to install an automatic sprinkler system in a tall and large space.
3.1.2 The automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall not be used in the following places.
1 There are often open fire operations;
2 Not suitable for water protection;
3 There is obvious occlusion;
4 The level of fire spreading is fast;
5 shelf area of high-bay warehouse;
6 The fire hazard level is the serious hazard level specified in the current national standard "Code for Design of Automatic Sprinkler System" GB 50084.
3.2 System selection
3.2.1 The selection of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall be determined according to the fire category, fire hazard level, environmental conditions, space height, protection area characteristics and other factors of the installation site.
3.2.2 The fire hazard level of the location where the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system is installed can be classified according to the current national standard "Code for Design of Automatic Sprinkler System" GB 50084.
3.2.3 The type selection of automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system should meet the following requirements.
1 A spray-type automatic jet fire extinguishing system or a spray-type automatic jet fire extinguishing system should be selected for places with light hazard level;
2.The spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system, the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system or the automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system should be selected for medium-dangerous places;
3 Class C warehouses should use automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system;
4 One type of system should be adopted in the same protected area. When really necessary, a combination of the two types of systems can be used.
4 designs
4.1 General provisions
4.1.1 The automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall be composed of fire extinguishing device, detection device, control device, water flow indicator, simulated terminal water test device and other components, as well as pipelines, valves and water supply facilities.
4.1.2 The arrangement of fire extinguishing devices shall be reasonably determined according to the building conditions such as the clearance height and plane layout of the installation site.
4.1.3 The design of the water supply pipeline of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall meet the following requirements.
1 The wet pipeline shall be used before the automatic control valve;
2 In places where freezing may occur, anti-freezing measures shall be taken;
3 The length of the dry pipeline after the automatic control valve should not be greater than 30m.
4.2 Design parameters
4.2.1 The automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system and the jet type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall ensure that the jets of at least two fire extinguishing devices can reach any part of the protected area.
4.2.2 When the automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system is used to extinguish fires in civil buildings, the flow rate of a single cannon should not be less than 20L/s; when it is used to extinguish fires in industrial buildings, the flow rate of a single cannon should not be less than 30L/s
4.2.3 When the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system is used to extinguish fires in places with light hazards, the flow rate of a single fire extinguishing device shall not be less than 5L/s; when it is used to extinguish fires in places with medium dangers, the flow rate of a single fire extinguishing device shall not Less than 10L/s.
4.2.4 The arrangement of the fire extinguishing devices of the sprinkler type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall enable the jet to completely cover the protected place and protected objects. The design parameters of the system should not be lower than those specified in Table 4.2.4.
4.2.5 The designed simultaneous opening quantity of fire extinguishing devices of automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system and jet type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall be determined as 2 sets.
4.2.6 The designed number of simultaneously activated fire extinguishing devices of the sprinkler type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall be determined according to the maximum number of fire extinguishing devices that may activate the jet when a fire occurs at any point in the protected area, and shall comply with the requirements in Table 4.2.6.
4.2.7 The design flow rate of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall be the sum of the flow rates of fire extinguishing devices that are designed to be opened at the same time, and shall not be less than 10L/s.
4.2.8 The design continuous water spraying time of the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system shall not be less than 1h
4.2.9 The selection of fire extinguishing devices shall meet the following requirements.
1 The maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device shall be determined according to the index value of the product at the rated working pressure;
2 When the design working pressure of the fire extinguishing device is different from the rated working pressure of the product, it should be selected within the working pressure range specified by the product.
4.2.10 When the design working pressure is not the rated working pressure, the design maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device shall meet the following requirements.
1 The automatic fire monitor and spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing device shall be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. D——the design maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device (m);
D0 - the maximum protection radius of the fire extinguishing device at the rated working pressure (m);
Pe - the design working pressure of the fire extinguishing device (MPa);
P0——The rated working pressure of the fire extinguishing device (MPa).
2 The spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing device shall be determined according to the product performance.
4.2.11 The distance between the fire extinguishing device and the end wall should not exceed half of the distance between the fire extinguishing devices arranged in the same direction.
4.3 System components
4.3.1 The fire extinguishing device should meet the anti-corrosion requirements of the corresponding use environment and medium, and should meet the following regulations.
1 The pitching and horizontal rotation angles of automatic fire monitors and spray-type automatic jet fire extinguishing devices shall meet the requirements for use;
2 The automatic fire monitor shall have the direct current-spray conversion function.
4.3.2 The performance parameters of automatic fire monitor, spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing device and spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing device shall meet the requirements in Table 4.3.2-1~Table 4.3.2-3.
4.3.3 The design of fire extinguishing device installation should meet the following requirements.
1 The installation location should meet the requirements for normal use and maintenance of the fire extinguishing device;
2 The fixed bracket or installation platform shall be able to meet the requirements of spraying and spraying reaction force of the fire extinguishing device, and the structural design shall be able to meet the requirements of normal use of the fire extinguishing device.
4.3.4 The design of the detection device shall meet the following requirements.
1 The composite detection method shall be adopted, and it shall be able to effectively detect and determine the fire source in the protected area;
2 The monitoring radius should match the protection radius or protection range of the corresponding fire extinguishing device;
3 The layout of the detection device should ensure that there is no detection blind area in the protection area;
4 The detection device should meet the dustproof, waterproof and anti-interference requirements of the corresponding use environment.
4.3.5 The control host should have a communication interface with the automatic fire alarm system and other linkage control equipment.
4.3.6 The control host and field control box should have the following functions.
1 The horizontal, pitching and turning actions and jet state conversion of the automatic fire monitor or jet-type automatic jet fire extinguishing device shall be controlled;
2 The opening and closing of the automatic control valve shall be controlled;
3 The fire water pump should be started remotely, but the fire water pump should not be stopped automatically and remotely;
4.When the control host is in the automatic control state, it should control the action of the fire extinguishing device according to the set program;
5 The control host should have the status display function of fire pumps, fire extinguishing devices, automatic control valves, signal valves and water flow indicators, etc.;
6 The on-site control box shall have the function of displaying the status of fire pumps, automatic control valves, etc.
4.3.7 In addition to complying with Article 4.3.6 of this standard, the control host should also have the following functions.
1 self-test function;
2 sound and light alarm function;
3 Fault alarm function;
4 Muffling reset function;
5 Alarm information display, memory and printing functions;
6 Fire scene video real-time monitoring and recording functions.
4.3.8 In addition to complying with Article 4.3.6 of this standard, the field control box shall also meet the following requirements.
1.It should be installed near the fire extinguishing device, which is convenient for on-site manual operation, and the action of the fire extinguishing device should be observed;
2 There should be measures to prevent misuse.
4.3.9 The system should be equipped with sound and light alarms, and should meet the following requirements.
1 Sound and light alarms should be evenly installed in the protected area, which can be used together with the automatic fire alarm system;
2 The sound pressure level of sound and light alarms should not be less than 60dB; in places where the ambient noise is greater than 60dB, the sound pressure level should be 15dB higher than the background noise.
4.3.10 The water flow indicator shall meet the following requirements.
1 The water flow indicator shall be installed on the water supply branch pipe of each automatic fire monitor, spray type automatic fire extinguishing device, and each group of spray type automatic fire extinguishing device, and shall be installed after the outlet of the manual control valve;
2 The nominal pressure of the water flow indicator should not be less than 1.2 times the working pressure of the system;
3.The water flow indicator should be installed in a position that is convenient for maintenance. When installed in the suspended ceiling, the suspended ceiling should reserve an inspection hole;
4 The nominal diameter of the water flow indicator shall be the same as that of the water supply branch pipe.
4.3.11 The most unfavorable point of the pipe network in each protected area should be equipped with a simulated terminal water test device, and it should be easy to drain.
4.3.12 The water testing device at the simulated terminal shall be composed of detection parts, pressure gauge, automatic control valve, manual water testing valve, water testing joint and drain pipe, and shall meet the following requirements.
1 The detection components should be consistent with the model and specification adopted by the system;
2 The nominal diameter of the automatic control valve and the manual water test valve shall be the same as the pipe diameter of the water supply branch pipe in front of the fire extinguishing device;
3 The flow coefficient (K value) of the water test joint should be the same as that of the fire extinguishing device.
4.3.13 The outlet water of the simulated terminal water testing device shall be discharged into the drainage pipe by means of orifice outlet. The drainage standpipe should be equipped with a top-extending ventilation pipe, and the diameter of the pipe should be determined by calculation and should not be less than 75mm.
4.3.14 The water testing device at the simulated terminal should be installed in a place convenient for operation testing.
4.3.15 The water testing device at the simulated end shall be clearly marked, the height of the water testing valve from the ground should be 1.5m, and measures shall be taken not to be used by others.
4.4 Piping and valves
4.4.1 The water supply pipeline before each fire extinguishing device of the automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system and the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system and each group of fire extinguishing devices of the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall be arranged as a ring pipe network. The pipe diameter of the annular pipe network shall be determined according to the corresponding design flow rate.
4.4.2 The ring-shaped water supply network of the system should be provided with inspection valves with signal feedback. The setting of the maintenance valve shall ensure that no more than 5 water supply branch pipes are affected during pipeline maintenance.
4.4.3 Automatic control valves and manual control valves with signal feedback shall be installed on the water supply branch pipes of each automatic fire monitor or spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing device, and each group of spray type automatic fire extinguishing devices. The part where the device is imported.
4.4.4 The opening and closing signals of signal valves and automatic control valves should be transmitted to the fire control room.
4.4.5 Indoor and outdoor overhead pipelines should be made of metal pipes such as hot-dip galvanized steel pipes. The connection of overhead pipelines should adopt grooved connectors (clamps), threads, flanges, clamping, etc., and welding connections should not be used.
4.4.6 Buried pipelines should adopt pipes such as ductile iron pipes, steel mesh skeleton plastic composite pipes and steel pipes with enhanced anti-corrosion. Reliable anti-corrosion measures should be taken for buried metal pipelines.
4.4.7 The valve should be sealed reliably, and there should be obvious signs of opening and closing.
4.4.8 Drain valves or outlets should be installed on the water supply pipes of the system, and automatic exhaust valves should be installed at the top of pipes where air may be trapped.
4.4.9 Pipelines installed horizontally should have a slope of not less than 1‰, and the slope should be towards the drain valve.
4.4.10 When pipelines pass through building deformation joints, compensation measures for absorbing deformation should be taken.
4.4.11 When the pipeline passes through the load-bearing wall, a metal casing shall be installed; when it passes through the outer wall of the basement, waterproof measures shall also be taken.
4.5 Water supply
4.5.1 The design of fire water source, fire water pump, fire water pump room and fire water pump adapter shall comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Technical Specifications for Fire Water Supply and Fire Hydrant Systems" GB 50974.
4.5.2 The automatic fire monitor fire extinguishing system shall be provided with an independent fire pump and water supply pipe network, and the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system and the sprinkler type automatic jet fire extinguishing system shall be provided with an independent fire water pump and water supply pipe network.
4.5.3 When the spray type automatic jet fire extinguishing system or the sprinkler type automatic jet fire extinguishing system and the automatic sprinkler system share the fire pump and water supply pipe network, the following regulations shall be met.
1 When the two systems work at the same time, the system design water volume, water pressure and water consumption for primary fire extinguishing shall meet the requirements for the simultaneous use of the two systems;
2 When the two systems do not work at the same time, the system design water volume, water pressure and water consumption for primary fire extinguishing shall meet the requirements of the larger system;
3 The two systems should be able to operate normally without affecting each other.
4.5.4 The fire water pump shall be equipped with a spare pump according to the ratio of one use and one standby or two uses and one standby. The working capacity of the standby pump should not be less than the working pump with the largest working capacity.
4.5.5 For buildings powered by secondary loads, diesel engine pumps should be used as backup pumps.
4.5.6 The fire water pump and the pressure stabilizing pump shall adopt the self-priming water absorption method.
4.5.7 Each fire pump should be provided with an independent suction pipe to absorb water from the fire pool. When it is difficult for each fire pump to absorb water from the fire pool alone, it can be used to absorb water from the water suction main pipe alone. There should be no less than 2 water diversion pipes extending from the main water suction pipe into the fire pool. When one of them is closed, the remaining water diversion pipes should be able to pass all the water.
4.5.8 Each group of fire pumps shall have no less than 2 outlet pipes connected to the system water supply pipes. When one of the outlet pipes is closed, the remaining outlet pipes should be able to pass the entire water consumption of the system.
4.5.9 A filter, a vacuum pressure gauge and a control valve should be installed on the suction pipe of the fire pump.
4.5.10 Check valves, control valves, pressure gauges and water test valves with a nominal diameter of not less than 65mm should be installed on the outlet pipe of the fire pump. The range of the pressure gauge should be 2 to 2.5 times the rated working pressure of the fire pump. When the maximum outlet pressure of the fire pump is greater than 1.0MPa, measures to prevent system overpressure should be taken on the outlet pipe of the fire pump. A flow and pressure detection device should also be installed on the outlet pipe of the fire pump.
4.5.11 The control valves installed on the suction pipes and outlet pipes of the fire pumps shall adopt rising stem gate valves or butterfly valves with self-locking devices.
4.5.12 Effective waterproof, moisture-proof and corrosion-proof measures should be taken for the electrical equipment in the fire pump room.
4.5.13 The fire pump room shall be designed with corresponding heating, ventilation and drainage facilities according to specific conditions.
4.5.14 The diesel engine fire pump room shall be provided with air intake and exhaust ventilation devices, and the indoor environment shall meet the requirements for the use of diesel engines.
4.5.15 For the automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system that adopts the temporary high-pressure water supply system, a high-level fire water tank should be installed. The automatic tracking and positioning jet fire extinguishing system can be used together with the fire hydrant system or the automatic sprinkler system to use the high fire water tank.
4.5.16 The height of the high-level fire water tank should be higher than the fire extinguishing device it serves, and the minimum effective water level should meet the working pressure of the fire extinguishing device at the most unfavorable point, and its effective water storage should meet the current national standard "Fire Water Supply and Fire Hydrant System Relevant provisions of GB 50974 Technical Specifications.
4.5.17 When it is impossible to set up a high-level fire water tank according to the requirements of Article 4.5.16 of this standard, the system shall be provided with an air pressure stabilizing device. The setting of the air pressure stabilizing device shall meet the following requirements.
1 The water supply pressure shall ensure the design working pressure of the fire extinguishing device at the most unfavorable point of the system;
2.The flow rate of the pressure stabilizing pump should be 1L/s~5L/s, which is less than the flow rate of a minimum flow fire extinguishing device;
3 The stabilizing pump shall be the equipment pump;
4 The air pressure tank of the air pressure stabilizing device should adopt a diaphragm type air pressure tank, and its regulating water volume should be calculated and determined based on the number of starts of the pressure stabilizing pump not exceeding 15 times/h, and should not be less than 150L.
4.5.18 The design of the inlet pipe, outlet pipe, overflow pipe, ventilation pipe, vent pipe, valve and local water level display device of the high-level fire water tank shall comply with the current national standard "Technical Specifications for Fire Water Supply and Fire Hydrant System" GB 50974 the relevant regulations.
4.5.19 The system shall be equipped with fire pump adapters, the number of which shall be calculated and determined according to the design flow rate of the system, and the flow rate of each fire water pump adapter shall be calculated as 10L/s~15L/s.
4.5.20 The fire pump adapter shall be installed on the sidewalk or the section where non-motorized vehicles can easily approach, and the distance from the outdoor fire hydrant or the water intake of the fire pool should be 15m to 40m.
4.6 Hydraulic Calculation
4.6.1 The design flow rate of the fire extinguishing device can be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. q——the design flow rate of the fire extinguishing device (L/s);
q0——the rated flow rate of the fire extinguishing device (L/s).
4.6.2 The design flow rate of the system shall be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. Q——the design flow rate of the system (L/s);
N——Designed number of simultaneously opened fire extinguishing devices (units);
qn——the design flow rate (L/s) of the nth fire extinguishing device.
4.6.3 The total head loss of the pipeline can be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. ∑h——the total water head loss of the pipeline from the outlet of the water pump to the inlet of the fire extinguishing device at the most unfavorable point (MPa);
h1——head loss along the way (MPa);
h2——Local head loss (MPa);
i——head loss along the pipeline per unit length (MPa/m);
L——calculated pipeline length (m);
ζ——local resistance coefficient;
v——the average flow velocity in the pipeline (m/s);
g—gravitational acceleration (m/s2).
4.6.4 The average flow velocity in the pipeline can be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. qg——pipe design flow rate (L/s);
π——circumference ratio;
dj——the calculated inner diameter of the pipeline (m), the value is determined by reducing the inner diameter d of the pipeline by 1mm.
4.6.5 The head loss of the pipeline per unit length shall be calculated according to the following formula.
In the formula. Ch——Haicheng-Wei...
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