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Code for fire protection design of hydraulic engineering
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GB 50987-2014: PDF in English GB 50987-2014
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
UDC
P GB 50987-2014
Code for fire protection design of
hydraulic engineering
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 02, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 01, 2015
Issued by: Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the
People's Republic of China;
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine.
Table of Contents
Announcement ... 5
Foreword ... 6
1 General provisions ... 8
2 Terms ... 9
3 Classification of production fire hazard and fire resistance rating ... 10
4 General layout ... 13
4.1 Fire separation distance ... 13
4.2 Fire lanes and rescue facilities ... 14
5 Building ... 16
5.1 Fire compartment ... 16
5.2 Safety evacuation ... 16
6 Electrical equipment ... 19
6.1 Outdoor electrical equipment ... 19
6.2 Indoor electrical equipment ... 21
6.3 Cable ... 21
7 Insulating oil and turbine oil system ... 23
8 Fire water supply and fire-extinguishing installation ... 24
8.1 General requirement ... 24
8.2 Water supply facilities ... 24
8.3 Indoor, outdoor fire water supply ... 26
8.4 Fire hydrant ... 27
8.5 Automatic fire extinguishing system ... 28
8.6 Fire fighting equipment ... 30
9 Ventilation, heating, smoke control and exhaust ... 31
9.1 Ventilation and heating ... 31
9.2 Smoke control and exhaust ... 31
10 Fire fighting electrical system ... 33
10.1 Power supply for fire fighting ... 33
10.2 Emergency lighting, evacuation sign ... 33
10.3 Automatic fire alarm system ... 33
10.4 Lightning and grounding ... 36
Explanation of wording in the code ... 37
List of quoted standards ... 38
Code for fire protection design of
hydraulic engineering
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This Code was prepared in order to prevent fires in hydraulic engineering,
reduce fire hazards, and protect personal and property safety.
1.0.2 This Code is applicable to the fire protection design of large and medium-
sized hydropower plants, pumping stations, sluices and navigation facilities of
new construction, expansion and reconstruction of hydraulic engineering.
1.0.3 The fire protection design of hydraulic engineering shall proceed from the
overall situation and make overall considerations to ensure safety, application,
advanced technology and economic rationality.
1.0.4 In addition to complying with this Code, the fire protection design of
hydraulic engineering shall also comply with the relevant national standards.
2 Terms
2.0.1 ground plant (powerhouse or pump house)
a hydroelectric power plant or pumping station that the motor layer or the
installation floor can be directly connected to the external road, and the doors
and windows are directly connected to the atmosphere
2.0.2 plant within dam
a hydroelectric power plant or pumping station plant that is located in the cavity
of the retaining dam body
2.0.3 underground plant
a hydroelectric power plant or pumping station plant that is set up in
underground cavern
2.0.4 main plant
the general name for the installation of the hydro-generator unit or pump unit
and its auxiliary equipment, and the installation room for installation and
maintenance work
2.0.5 auxiliary plant
other electromechanical equipment rooms other than the main plant, as well as
work and living rooms for operation, maintenance, testing and management
2.0.6 multilayer auxiliary plant
auxiliary plant with two floors and above, of which the building height is less
than or equal to 24.0m
2.0.7 high-rise auxiliary plant
auxiliary plant with two floors and above, of which the building height is greater
than 24.0m
4 General layout
4.1 Fire separation distance
4.1.1 The fire separation distance between adjacent buildings in the hub
shall not be less than that specified in Table 4.1.1.
Table 4.1.1 -- Fire separation distance between adjacent buildings in the
hub (m)
Building type
Level IV, V building Off-site tank room
or open-
air tank
High-rise
auxiliary
plant
Office, living
building
Fire resistance level Fire resistance level
Level I, II Level III Level I, II Level III
Le
ve
l IV
, V
bu
ild
ing
Fir
e r
es
ist
an
ce
lev
el
Level I, II 10 12 12 13 10 12
Level III 12 14 15 15 12 14
Off-site tank room or open-air
tank 12 15 - 15 15 20
High-rise auxiliary plant 13 15 15 - 13 15
Of
fic
e,
liv
ing
bu
ild
ing
Fir
e r
es
ist
an
ce
lev
el
Level I, II 10 12 15 13 6 7
Level III 12 14 20 15 7 8
NOTES:
1 The fire separation distance shall be calculated according to the nearest distance of the adjacent
building's external wall. If the external wall has a protruding combustion member, it shall be
counted from the outer edge of its convex portion.
2 Two buildings shall be level IV, V buildings with level I, II fire resistance. When the adjacent lower
side external wall is a firewall and the fire resistance limit of the building roof is not less than 1h,
the fire separation distance shall not be less than 4.0m.
3 For two adjacent buildings, when the higher side is firewall, the fire separation distance is not
limited.
4.1.2 The fire separation distance between the outdoor main transformer
field and the building, the off-site tank room or the open-air tank shall not
be less than the requirements of Table 4.1.2.
5 Building
5.1 Fire compartment
5.1.1 The maximum allowable floor space for fire compartment of the main plant
and multilayer auxiliary plant is not limited.
5.1.2 The maximum allowable building area for each fire compartment of the
high-rise auxiliary plant shall not exceed 4000m2. The maximum allowable
building area for each fire compartment of underground auxiliary plant, auxiliary
plant within dam shall not exceed 2000m2.
5.1.3 When a level III production site is set within a factory building with level
IV fire hazard, it shall use non-combustible partition wall with a fire endurance
of not less than 2.00h and non-combustible floor slab with a fire resistance of
not less than 1.50h to separate it from other parts. The door shall be A1.50 fire-
proof door, equipped with corresponding firefighting facilities.
5.1.4 The fire compartment division of other buildings shall comply with the
provisions of current national standard GB 50016 “Code of Design on Building
Fire Protection and Prevention”.
5.2 Safety evacuation
5.2.1 Safety exits shall be decentralized. For each fire compartment, each floor
of one fire compartment, the horizontal distance between the nearest edges of
the two adjacent safety exits shall not be less than 5.0m.
5.2.2 The safety exits and evacuation walkways of hydropower plants and
pumping stations for hydraulic engineering shall comply with the following
provisions:
1 The generator floor or motor layer of the ground plant shall have no less than
2 safety exits that are directly connected to outdoor ground;
2 There shall be 2 safety exits in the generator floor or motor layer of the
underground plant and the plant within dam. And there is at least 1 that is
directly connected to outdoor ground. The incoming traffic tunnel can be used
as a safe exit to the outdoor ground;
3 The safety exit of the whole plant operation corridor below the generator floor
or motor layer in the plant shall not be less than 2. And the evacuation
distance shall not exceed 60m;
4 The distance from the farthest working place in the floor below the generator
layer or motor layer to the nearest safety exit of the floor shall not exceed
60m;
6 Electrical equipment
6.1 Outdoor electrical equipment
6.1.1 The fire separation distance between oil-immersed transformer or oil-
immersed reactor with a capacity of 2500 kg or more shall not be less than the
requirements of Table 6.1.1.
Table 6.1.1 -- Fire separation distance between oil-immersed transformer
or oil-immersed reactor (m)
Voltage level 35kV and less 66kV 110kV 220kV~500kV
35kV and less 5 6 8 10
66kV 6 6 8 10
110kV 8 8 8 10
220kV~500kV 10 10 10 10
6.1.2 The fire separation distance between oil-immersed transformer or
reactors with oil quantity of 2500kg and above and other oil-filled electrical
equipment shall not be less than 5.0m. The fire separation distance between
the oil-immersed transformer or reactor with a capacity of 2500 kg or less and
other oil-filled electrical equipment shall not be less than 3.0m.
6.1.3 When the fire separation distance between two adjacent oil-
immersed transformers or between oil-immersed reactors, the fire
separation distance between oil-immersed transformer and oil-filled
electrical equipment does not meet the requirements of 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 of
this Code, firewall separation shall be set. The firewall settings shall meet
the following requirements:
1 The height shall be 0.3m higher than the top of the transformer oil pillow
or the oil-immersed reactor oil pillow;
2 The length shall not be less than the sum of oil storage pit side length
and 1.0m respectively to both sides;
3 The distance from the outer edge of the oil storage pit shall not be less
than 0.5m.
6.1.4 When the distance between the outer wall of the plant and the outer
edge of the outdoor oil-immersed transformer is less than that specified
in Table 4.1.2 of this Code, the external wall shall be a firewall. And the
distance from the outer edge of the transformer shall not be less than
0.5m.
For the firewall within 5.0m from the outer edge of the oil-immersed
transformer, within the range of the total height of the transformer plus
6.2 Indoor electrical equipment
6.2.1 Oil-immersed main transformer shall not be installed in the plant. If set,
the following rules shall be met:
1 It shall be set in a dedicated room and a cavern with level I fire resistance;
2 The wall of the dedicated room and the cavern shall be a firewall;
3 The doors of special rooms and caverns shall adopt A1.50 fire doors or fire
shutters with a fire limit of not less than 2.0h;
4 The windows for special room shall not be opened;
5 The door of the special room and the cavern shall not be directly opened to
the main building or directly to the plant;
6 After a fire, the air supply system within the special room and the cavern shall
be shut down;
7 Accident oil storage and drainage facilities shall be provided in accordance
with 6.1.6 and 6.1.7 of this Code;
8 Suitable fire extinguishing equipment shall be configured.
6.2.2 Non-combustible material shall be used to plug the pipe trenches and
holes between transformer rooms, power distribution units, bus rooms, control
rooms, relay protection screen rooms, communication rooms, computer rooms,
DC screen rooms, etc., and the external ones. The fire endurance of the
plugged part shall not be lower than the fire endurance of the structure or
component of the part.
6.3 Cable
6.3.1 The cable room, cable tunnel and power cables and control cables that
are laid overhead between the various unit sections shall be laid in layers.
Between the upper and lower layers of the power cable, between the power
cable layer and the control cable layer, a partition with a fire limit of not less
than 0.5h shall be installed for separation. When all flame-retardant cables are
used, they can be separated without spacers.
6.3.2 The following parts of the cable compartment, cable tunnel and cable
channel shall be plugged. The fire resistance limit of the plugging part shall not
be lower than the fire endurance of the structure or member of the part. And it
shall not be lower than 1.0h:
1 Crossing (in) electrical equipment room, etc.;
7 Insulating oil and turbine oil system
7.0.1 The fire separation distance between open-air vertical tanks shall not be
less than 40% of the larger tank diameter in adjacent vertical tanks. The fire
separation distance between open-air horizontal tanks shall not be less than
0.8m.
7.0.2 The fire separation distance between indoor oil tanks shall not be less
than 1.0m.
7.0.3 When the open-air tank is equipped with a facility to prevent liquid from
escaping, the fire dam may not be provided. The sewer around the tank shall
be closed. Set water seal facility at the entrance.
7.0.4 When there is no special accident oil draining and oil storage facility
outside the plant, the oil retaining raft shall be installed. The effective volume in
the oil retaining raft shall not be less than the volume of the largest one.
When a fixed water spray fire extinguishing system is provided, the effective
volume in the oil retaining raft shall also be added to the volume of the fire water.
7.0.5 The tank room shall not be set in the plant. If set, it shall comply with the
following provisions:
1 A firewall shall be used between the tank room, the oil processing room or
between other rooms;
2 The evacuation outlet of the tank chamber shall not be less than 2. However,
if the area does not exceed 100m2, 1 can be set. Doors for exit shall use
A1.50 fire doors;
3 The total tank capacity of a single tank chamber shall not exceed 200m3;
4 Set an oil retaining raft or a dedicated accident oil collection tank. Its volume
shall not be less than the volume of the largest tank. When an automatic
water spray fire extinguishing system is installed, the volume of fire water
shall also be added;
5 The tank's accident oil drainage valves shall be able to operate in a safe zone.
7.0.6 Insulating oil and turbine oil piping shall not be laid in the same trench as
the cable.
7.0.7 The oil tank compartment shall not be equipped with lighting switches and
sockets. Luminaires shall be explosion-proof.
with the following provisions:
1 For fire backup pump, its working capacity shall not be less than 1 main water
pump;
2 The fire pump shall adopt self-priming water absorption. There shall be no
less than 2 suction pipes for each group of pumps. When one of them fails,
the remaining suction pipes shall be able to pass all water consumption;
3 Each group of pumps shall have no less than 2 outlet pipes connected to the
fire pipe network. When one of the outlet pipes is overhauled, the remaining
outlet pipes shall be able to pass all water consumption;
4 Fire water tanks shall store 10min of fire water consumption. When the fire
water consumption is less than or equal to 25L/s, when the fire water storage
capacity required for the fire water tank is greater than 12m3, 12m3 can still
be used. When the fire water consumption is greater than 25L/s, when the
calculated fire water storage capacity of the fire water tank is greater than
18m3, 18m3 can still be used;
5 The setting elevation of the fire water tank shall meet the requirements of the
most unfavorable point fire hydrant's normal water pressure. If it fails to meet
the requirements, a booster facility shall be provided. If the booster facility
uses a constant pressure pump, the water output shall be no less than 5L/s.
If pneumatic water supply equipment is used, the adjustment volume of the
pressure water tank is required to be not less than 300L;
6 Water tanks for fire water and other water use shall have technical measures
to ensure that fire water is not used for other purposes. After the fire, the fire
water supplied by the fire pump shall not enter the fire water tank.
8.2.4 The high-pressure water supply system that uses the water supply mode
of the fire pool shall meet the following requirements:
1 The capacity of the firefighting pool shall meet the requirements for the
amount of fire water determined in 8.1.3 of this Code during the duration of
the fire. The fire duration shall be determined as: 120min for plant, 10min for
hydro-generator, motor, 24min for oil-immersed transformer, large cable
room, 30min for turbine oil and insulating oil tank, 60min for ship lock and
ship lift;
2 When the fire pool capacity exceeds 500m3, it shall be divided into 2 grids.
When it exceeds 1000m3, it shall be divided into 2 grids. The fire pool shall
have no less than 2 outlet pipes connected to the fire protection network.
When one has faults, the remaining trunks shall be able to pass all water
consumption;
auxiliary plant, underground auxiliary plant, auxiliary plant within dam shall not
be less than 13m. The filling water column of fire hydrant water gun of single-
layer auxiliary plant and multilayer auxiliary plant shall not be less than 10m.
8.4.6 The setting of the outdoor fire hydrant shall meet the following
requirements:
1 The spacing between the main plant and other buildings along the plant shall
not exceed 120m;
2 The spacing along the sides of the ship lock chamber shall not exceed 50m;
3 One fire hydrant shall be set respectively on each side of the lifter gate and
on the upstream and downstream of the gate.
8.4.7 The setting of the indoor fire hydrant shall meet the following requirements:
1 The spacing between the generator layer or the motor layer fire hydrant in the
main building shall not exceed 50m. It shall also be ensured that the water
column with 2 water guns can reach any part of the layer at the same time.
When the height of the generator layer or the motor layer from the ground to
the top of the plant is more than 18m, only the parts of the bridge crane below
the actual protection of the rail top can be guaranteed to have two water guns
to fill the water column;
2 The setting and number of fire hydrants can be determined according to
equipment layout and maintenance requirements in the generator building
layer or the motor layer below the main building;
3 The fire hydrant spacing of the high-rise auxiliary plant shall not exceed 30m.
The spacing between fire hydrants of other single-layer and multilayer
auxiliary plants shall not exceed 50m;
4 Fire hydrants shall be located in clearly accessible locations. The height of
the bolt from the ground shall be 1.10m. The direction of the water shall be
downward or at an angle of 90° to the wall on which the fire hydrant is placed;
5 The fire hydrant box shall be equipped with a linkage trigger signal button for
starting the fire pump.
8.5 Automatic fire extinguishing system
8.5.1 Automatic fire extinguishing system shall be set up in the following places.
And water spray fire extinguishing system shall be used.
1 Generator with rated capacity of 12.5MVA and above;
2 Electric motor with rated power of 10MW and above;
shall not be less than 6L/(min • m2);
3 The spray intensity of cable chamber, cable tunnel and cable shaft shall not
be less than 13L/(min • m2);
4 The spray intensity of insulating oil and turbine oil tanks shall not be less than
13L/(min • m2).
8.6 Fire fighting equipment
8.6.1 Fire-fighting equipment such as mobile foam fire extinguishers and sand
boxes shall be installed in the following places:
1 Near open-air tanks for insulating oil and turbine oil;
2 At entrance and exit of in-plant tank room or off-site tank room for insulating
oil and turbine oil;
3 At entrance and exit of the indoor oil-filled equipment room;
4 Near outdoor substation, switch station, oil-filled equipment.
8.6.2 Mobile fire extinguishers shall be installed in the following locations:
1 Various types of electromechanical equipment;
2 Main plant sections and installation sites;
3 Overhead cable channels through each unit section, set up according to each
unit section;
4 Entrance and exit of cable room, cable tunnel;
5 Crane cab.
8.6.3 Respirator shall be provided at the entrance and exit of the cable room
and cable tunnel. And the number shall not be less than 2. The control room
shall be equipped with a positive pressure respirator and the number shall not
be less than 4.
8.6.4 The fire extinguisher configuration in each production site of the hydraulic
engineering shall comply with the current national standard GB 50140 "Code
for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings".
10 Fire fighting electrical system
10.1 Power supply for fire fighting
10.1.1 Fire-fighting electrical equipment shall be powered by not less than level
two load.
10.1.2 Fire-fighting equipment shall be powered by independent dual-loop.
And it shall be equipped with dual power automatic switching device at
the end.
10.1.3 Fire emergency lighting, evacuation indicator can use DC system or
emergency light with storage battery as backup power. If DC system is used for
power supply, its continuous power supply time shall not be less than 30min. If
the emergency light is supplied with storage battery, the continuous power
supply time shall not be less than 60min.
10.2 Emergency lighting, evacuation sign
10.2.1 Fire emergency lighting and evacuation signs shall be provided in the
main evacuation passages, stairwells, fire elevators and safety exits.
10.2.2 The illumination of evacuation lighting shall comply with the following
provisions:
1 The minimum horizontal illumination of the evacuated walkway shall not be
lower than 1.0Lx;
2 The minimum level of illumination on the ground in a relatively concentrated
area of people shall not be lower than 3.0Lx;
3 The minimum horizontal illumination of the ground in the stairwell shall not be
lower than 5.0Lx.
10.2.3 Evacuation signs shall be placed in obvious parts. The walkway and its
corner shall be placed on a wall below the ground level of 1.0m or on the aisle
floor. The spacing shall not be greater than 20m.
10.3 Automatic fire alarm system
10.3.1 Large-scale hydropower plants, pumping stations, sluices and
navigation facilities, etc., shall be equipped with automatic fire alarm system.
The system design shall comply with the current national standard GB 50116
"Code for design of automatic fire alarm system".
10.3.2 Fire detectors shall be installed at major production sites or locations.
The type of fire detector can be configured as specified in Table 10.3.2.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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