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GB 31187-2014: Sporting goods -- General requirements for electrical parts
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Sporting goods -- General requirements for electrical parts
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GB 31187-2014
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Basic data
| Standard ID | GB 31187-2014 (GB31187-2014) |
| Description (Translated English) | Sporting goods -- General requirements for electrical parts |
| Sector / Industry | National Standard |
| Classification of Chinese Standard | Y56 |
| Classification of International Standard | 97.220.99 |
| Word Count Estimation | 20,262 |
| Date of Issue | 9/3/2014 |
| Date of Implementation | 1/1/2015 |
| Quoted Standard | GB/T 2423.55-2006; GB 4208; GB 4706.1-2005; GB/T 5169.11; GB/T 5169.21; GB/T 12113-2003; GB 15092.1; GB 17498.1; GB 19272-2011; GB 50231-2009 |
| Regulation (derived from) | People's Republic of China Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 21 of 2014 |
| Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China |
| Summary | This Standard specifies the electrical part of the sporting goods (hereinafter referred to as the instrument) terms and definitions, classification, basic requirements, risk of electric shock protection, input power, leakage current and electric strength |
GB 31187-2014: Sporting goods -- General requirements for electrical parts
---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Sporting goods.General requirements for electrical parts
ICS 97.220.99
Y56
National Standards of People's Republic of China
General requirements for the electrical part of the Sporting Goods
Issued on. 2014-09-03
2015-01-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions
4 Category 1
1 5 Basic Requirements
6 shock hazard protection 2
7 Input power 4
Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature 8 4
9 waterproof resistant to moisture 5
10 fever and abnormal operation 6
11 Structure 6
12 External and internal wiring 8
13 grounding 11
14 clearances and creepage distances 11
15 heat, fire 11
16 12 Lightning
Machinery Safety 12 17
18 signs and instructions 14
References 17
Foreword
The standard Chapter 5 - Chapter 18 is mandatory, the rest are recommended.
This standard was drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules.
This standard by the National Sporting Goods Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC291) and focal points.
This standard was drafted. China Sports Goods Industry Association, Tianjin Product Quality Supervision and Detection Technology Research Institute, Beijing century state system body
Sporting goods Quality Certification Center, Kunming Institute of Sport electrical equipment, Shu Hua (China) Co., Ltd., Shanxi O Reiter Health Industry Co. Shares
The company, Nanjing Wande Recreation Equipment Co., Ltd., the National Sporting Goods Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, Beijing Aokang Da Sporting Goods Co., river
Su Jinling Sports Equipment Co., Ltd., Qingdao Impulse Health Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Double Happiness Co., Ltd., Nantong Iron SPLM
Dynamic Products Co., Ltd., Anhui Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Shanghai Intertek Testing Services Ltd., Shenzhen, a good solid family
Industry Co., Ltd. Hangzhou Eagle boats, evergreen (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. sports equipment.
The main drafters of this standard. Sun Yundong, INTEGRATED TRADITIONAL, Yuan Yilong, Chen Xiaowei, Wang Shao Bao, Wang Su, Li Zheng Qi, Han Lanting, Zan into Kun,
Hu Shihui, Zhou Yunfeng Cai Jie, Liu Xiuping, Zhang Gang, Shi Jianxin standard, Xuan Ping, Wu Xiao Wei.
General requirements for the electrical part of the Sporting Goods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the electrical part of the Sporting Goods (hereinafter referred to as the instrument) terms and definitions, classification, basic requirements, risk of electric shock protection, transport
Into power, leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature, water resistant to moisture, heat and abnormal operation, structure, external and internal wiring, then
Ground equipment, clearances and creepage distances, heat fire, lightning, mechanical safety, signs and instructions.
This standard applies to single-phase rated voltage not exceeding 250V, the other rated voltage not exceeding 480V sports safety equipment.
This standard does not apply to the electrical part of the medical rehabilitation equipment, boats, aircraft, automobile and motorcycle category, model aircraft, Cars instruments.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2423.55-2006 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2. Test methods - Test Eh. Hammer tests
GB 4208 housing protection (IP Code)
Part 1 GB 4706.1-2005 Safety of household and similar electrical appliances. General requirements
GB/T 5169.11 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 11. Glowing/hot wire based test methods for finished burning
Hot wire flammability test method
GB/T 5169.21 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 21. Abnormal heat - Ball pressure test
GB/T 12113-2003 touch current and protective conductor current measurement methods
GB 15092.1 Switches for appliances - Part 1. General requirements
GB 17498.1 Stationary training equipment - Part 1. General safety requirements and test methods
General requirements GB 19272-2011 outdoor fitness equipment
GB 50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation construction and acceptance of universal norms
3 Terms and Definitions
Terms and definitions GB 4706.1-2005 defined apply to this document.
Category 4
4.1 The method of classification according to protection against electric shock
The electrical portion of the instrument can be divided into. Ⅰ type, Ⅱ type, Ⅲ class.
4.2 by dust, water classification
Instrument shall be classified as specified in GB 4208 "IP number" classification.
5 Basic requirements
Various instruments contained in the electrical equipment shall be guaranteed in the environment and the use of the prescribed period, the normal should be used safely. which is
It makes it possible to neglect occur in normal use, the staff and should not result in harm to the surrounding environment.
In addition to the electrical portion of the instrument to meet requirements of this standard, we must also meet the requirements of the relevant product standards.
6 shock hazard protection
Construction and housing 6.1 devices when in normal use it should work, the position and remove all removable parts, live parts shall
Inaccessible. Foldable equipment, folded proper protection against electric shock.
By the following test.
--- The instrument at all possible positions, the instrument inserted into the opening position with 1 test probe B, probe extends through the opening Yun
Any depth promised, during insertion, rotation and bending probe. If the test probe B can not be inserted into the opening, is applied to the probe
Plus 20N vertical force. Test probe B can not touch live parts, or just paint, oxide film, paper and similar materials as
Protection of live parts. Ⅱ Ⅱ class structure and class equipment, test probe B only allow access to those produced by double insulation or reinforced insulation
Edge parts separated from live parts;
--- For each instrument category and the opening Ⅱ Ⅱ class structure, using 2 test probe 13 is inserted into the opening position of the instrument, leading to the lamp
And the opening of the socket live parts excluded. Test probe 13 can not touch the live parts;
--- If accessible parts as safety extra-low voltage power supply, may not be considered as a live parts.
Millimeters
Note. Unless otherwise specified materials, metal. No individual tolerance limit deviation angle. 0-10 °; without individual tolerance of the general linear dimension tolerances. 25 and below
Is 0-0.05,25 above is ± 0.2; two rotatable hinge point in the range of 90 ° 10 0 ° in the same direction in the same plane.
Figure 1 test probe B
Linear dimensions in millimeters
Figure 2 test probe 13
6.2 to provide protection against electric shock housing and other parts shall mechanical strength after impact test shall not touch live parts, normal operation
When not loose.
By visual, manual and the following test.
Use GB/T 2423.55-2006 impact test prescribed spring means for the fragile parts of the impact energy is 0.35J, other components red
Impact energy is 0.5J, the impact on the weakest point three times.
NOTE. Fragile member refers to a glass or translucent cover, as well as highlighting the housing does not exceed 10mm or surface area of not more than 4cm2 ceramic and widgets.
6.3 is connected via a plug and the power of the equipment, which shall be constructed so that in normal use when touching the plug pins, will not
There are a charged capacitor cause an electric shock hazard.
Note. the rated capacity of not more than 0.1μF capacitor does not think it will cause a shock hazard.
By the following test.
Devices with rated voltage, then switch to any of the "off" position, the instrument voltage peak when disconnected from the power. in
1s off after use will not have a significant effect on the measured value of the instruments, measuring voltage between the pins of the plug should not exceed 34V.
7 Input Power
Equipment at normal operating temperature, input power rated power input deviation should not exceed the following error.
--- When the rated input power less than 300W, 20%;
--- Rated input power is greater than 300W, 15%.
When the input power is stable, by measuring to determine eligibility. When measuring, all circuits can operate simultaneously are in working condition. in case
The whole work cycle of the input power varies, the average value occurs during a press representative of the input power with the input power decision.
Marked with one or more rated voltage range of instruments, test on each range, lower limit; but if the rated input power and Related
The average of the voltage range is related to the test is carried out at an average value of the voltage range.
Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature of 8
Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature should be consistent with GB 4706.1-2005 requirements in Chapter 13.
9 waterproof resistant to moisture
9.1 waterproof
According to IP digital device on the instrument housing should have the appropriate level of protection, it should not appear during the making electrical breakdown strength test.
By the following test.
--- Protection class test according to the test method specified in GB 4208;
--- Followed immediately by an electric strength test 9.2.3.
9.2 resistant to moisture
9.2.1 Devices should be able to withstand that may occur in normal use in wet conditions.
By the following test.
--- Instrument if cable entry, held in an open state; if instrument reserved site forming holes, one of them is opened;
--- Remove the instrument detachable parts. If necessary, remove the detachable body parts and instruments humidity test done together;
--- Relative humidity (93 ± 3)%, in any temperature temperature 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ t ± 1 ℃ in the environment placed 48h;
--- After the humidity test, immediately press 9.2.2 and 9.2.3 Leakage current and electric strength test.
9.2.2 leakage current device shall not exceed the following values.
--- Of Class Ⅱ equipment. 0.25mA;
--- Ⅲ class of devices. 0.5mA;
--- Class Ⅰ portable devices. 0.75mA;
--- Class Ⅰ Stationary equipment. 3.5mA.
By the following test.
--- Before the test, the protection impedance is disconnected from live parts. Carried out in the instrument at room temperature and do not connect the power supply
The test;
--- AC test voltage is applied between live parts and accessible metal parts connected to the metal foil. Metal foil area is not connected
More than 200mm × 100mm, in contact with the accessible surface of the insulating material;
--- AC test voltage is applied.
● For single-phase devices, is 1.07 times the rated voltage;
● three-phase equipment, is 1.07 times the rated voltage divided by 3;
--- Within 5s after the test voltage is applied through the GB/T 12113-2003 in FIG. 4 described means for measuring the leakage current.
9.2.3 After the above test immediately 1min insulated electric strength test according to Table 1, the breakdown shall occur during the test. test
Basic test voltage frequency of 50Hz sine wave.
Table 1 test voltage
Insulation method
Test voltage/V
Rated voltage (U1) a working voltage (U2)
Safety extra low voltage SELV U1≤150 150 \u003cU1≤250b U2\u003e 250
Basic insulation 500 1250 1250 1.2U2 950
Additional insulation - 1250 1750 1.2U2 1450
Reinforced insulation - 2500 3000 2.4U2 2400
As a multi-phase appliance 480V test voltage.
The initial test, the applied voltage should not exceed half of the predetermined voltage value, and then smoothly rises to a predetermined value.
Accessible parts of insulating material covered with metal foil.
Of the power cord at the entrance bushings, cord guard or a cord anchorage point at the rear metal foil wrapped in metal foil and accessible
The test voltage is applied between the metal parts. Class Ⅰ equipment, test voltage of 1250V, Ⅱ class equipment, test voltage of 1750V.
Note 1. The test characteristics of high voltage power supply are specified in chapter 13 GB 4706.1-2005.
Note 2. The basic and supplementary insulation can not be tested separately, the insulation is subjected to the test voltages specified for reinforced insulation.
Note 3. During the test the insulating cover layer, can be a sandbag so that the pressure of about 5kPa will be pressed against the metal foil insulation. The test may be limited to those insulation
It may be weak, for example. In the following insulated metal place sharp edges.
10 fever and abnormal operation
10.1 fever
Shall comply with the provisions of GB 4706.1-2005 in Chapter 11.
Note. The worst single-phase power supply voltage is the rated voltage of 0.9 times or 1.07 times the worst three-phase supply voltage is 0.93 times or 1.07 times the rated voltage.
10.2 Abnormal operation
Shall comply with the provisions of GB 4706.1-2005 in chapter 19.
11 Structure
11.1 trunking
Trunking should be smooth, wear-free wiring insulation sharp edges, burrs, burr. The metal parts like screws not protruding out into
Go trough inside.
By visual inspection and, if necessary, reinstall the disassembled for inspection.
11.2 Terminals
11.2.1 power terminal or protective measures should be taken to locate. If stranded conductor wire after the existence of the wires from the terminal off the terminal
The live parts should not be in contact with the metal parts. The wire connected to the ground terminal, which should not be touched at the moment free of any live parts.
By visual inspection and the following test.
The twisted cord Chapter 12 provisions of the cross-sectional area of the wire end stripped of insulation 8mm, leaving stranded conductor of a share,
The remaining terminals fully inserted and clamped. The free wire is bent in every possible direction, check whether the contact with the metal parts.
11.2.2 Ⅰ and type Ⅱ movable equipment should take precautions to prevent accidental removal of the metal wires or screw member charged.
By visual inspection.
11.3 switch or button
11.3.1 Switch rating should meet the design requirements.
11.3.2 Use the power switch all-pole disconnect switch.
11.3.3 button switch "Start/ON" button on the operator should not use the color red.
11.3.4 emergency stop switch actuator should use red, yellow background color should be used, and should be readily accessible location.
11.3.5 electronic switch shall comply with the provisions of GB 15092.1.
11.3.6 switches or buttons should be installed firmly against rotation, and the hand can not move its position.
11.3.7 If necessary, the instrument panel on the operation of the emergency stop button should be set, and should not be because of the emergency stop button and dangerous.
11.3.8 - 11.3.7 through 11.3.1 visual inspection.
11.4 operable member
11.4.1 for electrical control handles, knobs, handles, levers and similar parts, and cause a hazard should not be loose. Used to indicate
Switch gear or similar element of handles, knobs and similar parts, if its location incorrectly, you may cause dangerous, should be measures to ensure the only fixed
In the correct position.
By visual inspection, by manual test and by the following test to determine.
Applying an axial force on the handles, knobs, handles, or joystick, and maintain 1min. Axial tension as follows.
--- In normal use is not subject to axial tension force is applied to 15N;
--- In normal use may be axial tension force is applied to 30N.
11.4.2 operating knobs, handles, levers and similar parts of the shaft should not be charged. Unless the shaft part is removed, the shaft is not easy touch
And the.
By visual inspection of the shaft and remove the parts, test methods specified in Chapter 6 by determination.
11.4.3 For non-Ⅲ class structure, holding or operating in the normal role of the handles, levers and knobs even if an insulation fault, should not be charged.
If these handles, levers or knobs are made of metal, and their shafts or fixings are likely to live in the case of insulation failure,
It should be adequately covered with an insulating material such member, or additional insulation separated from their accessible part with their shafts or fixing devices.
By visual inspection.
11.4.4 For Ⅰ and type Ⅱ instrument, in normal use, continuous hand grip handle, shall be constructed so that the user's hand during normal use
When not in contact with metal parts, metal parts unless these are separated by double insulation or reinforced insulation and live parts.
Determined by visual inspection and manual test.
11.4.5 operable member if different gear, use of numbers, letters or otherwise identified.
By visual inspection.
11.5 Insulation
Capacitors 11.5.1 Ⅱ type instrument should not be in contact with accessible metal parts. If the capacitor has a metal shell, should additional Jedi
Edge it with accessible metal parts are separated.
By visual inspection.
After disassembly; 11.5.2 Ⅱ class instrument of additional insulation and strengthened insulation member is fixed, unless seriously damaged, otherwise it should not be moved
Should be returned to the correct location.
By visual inspection and manual test.
11.5.3 Additional insulation assembly gap should not coincide with any such gap in basic insulation. Double or reinforced insulation shall not be open
Direct access to live parts.
Measured by visual inspection using the test tool and the corresponding electric shock level.
When 11.5.4 When air is used as reinforced insulation, structural instruments should ensure that housing is deformed by external force, clearances shall not be reduced
Below the provisions of Chapter 14.
Visually, measuring and manual test test.
11.5.5 supplementary insulation and reinforced insulation or protective measures of structural instruments, due to various internal parts wear and tear resulting product contamination
Together, so that the instrument should creepage distances or clearances reduced to below the Chapter 14 provisions.
Visually, measuring and manual test test.
11.6 Electrical connections
11.6.1 both for electrical connection and as a mechanical connection screws and rivets should be locked to prevent loosening.
By visual inspection.
Note. The available spring washers, non-circular rivet body or an appropriate groove as locking manner.
11.6.2 self-tapping screws shall not be used to connect current-carrying parts. Carrying parts unless self-tapping screws can contact each other directly clamped and loaded
Appropriate locking device.
By visual inspection.
11.6.3 carrying parts shall be of copper or an alloy of 50% or at least have the same material properties of copper at least.
By visual inspection and measurement testing.
11.7 moving parts
Frequent moving parts should prevent excessive bending and wire taut.
By visual inspection and manual test.
11.8 corrosion resistance
Iron or aluminum parts IP rating IPX1 and above use of the device should have anti-corrosion measures.
By visual inspection.
11.9 elements or components
Motors, transformers, circuit breakers, couplers and other components used in the device shall comply with the relevant national standards or industry standards.
12 External and internal wiring
12.1 Supply connection and external flexible cords
12.1.1 the instrument is connected to the power supply
Devices connected to the power supply should be one of the following ways.
--- Fixed instruments.
● terminals;
● mating plug and socket;
● connection leads;
● non-detachable flexible cable or cord;
--- Portable Devices.
● non-detachable flexible cable or cord;
● with plug;
● waterproof instrument with the same level of instrument input jack;
● If the power cord should be connected through the X-type, Y-type connector or one type Z attachment method to connect to the instrument.
By visual inspection.
12.1.2 power cord specifications
Power cord specifications shall comply with the requirements of 25.7 GB 4706.1-2005.
12.1.3 the power cord cross-sectional area
The power cord should have not less than shown in Table 2 nominal cross-sectional area.
Table 2 conductors minimum cross-section
Instruments rated current I/A Nominal cross-sectional area S/mm2
I≤3 0.5a
3 \u003cI≤6 0.75
6 \u003cI≤10 1.0(0.75)b
10 \u003cI≤16 1.5(1.0)b
16 \u003cI≤25 2.5
25 \u003cI≤32 4
32 \u003cI≤40 6
40 \u003cI≤63 10
Only a cord or cable length in the external instrument does not exceed 2m, you can use this cord.
b cord or cable length does not exceed 2m, for portable devices can use the value in parentheses.
By visual inspection and measurement testing.
12.1.4 power cable
12.1.4.1 supply cord should not be in contact with sharp points or sharp edges of the instrument.
12.1.4.2 plug shall not be provided more than one flexible cord.
12.1.4.3 Ⅰ class supply cord appliance should have a yellow-green wire for grounding.
12.1.4.4 power cord wires to withstand contact pressure should not be plied by Pb solder reinforcement structure unless the clamping means
It does not because of cold flow of the solder there is a risk of a bad contact.
12.1.4.5 When the cord is molded into the local housing, the insulation should not be damaged.
12.1.4.6 power cord inlet shall be constructed so the jacket can not be damaged during penetration. If the power cord into the opening of the housing is not
Insulating material, it shall comply with the requirements for supplementary insulation bushing or sleeve.
12.1.4.7 work needs to be moved and equipped with a power cord equipment shall be constructed so that the power cord has sufficient anti entering the instrument at
Excessive bending protection only. The length of the power cord or external wiring should meet the requirements of the instrument.
12.1.4.8 X-type connector is provided to connect the power cord with a space or a space connected to fixed wiring, its structure should meet the following requirements.
--- Before loading the cover to check the power lead is in the correct position and properly connected;
--- Not conductors or their insulation damage caused by the assembly of the cover;
--- Portable devices, even if the uninsulated end of a power cord emerge from terminals should not be accessible metal parts
contact.
12.1.4.9 12.1.4.1 ~ 12.1.4.8 through visual inspection.
12.1.5 power cord anchorage
12.1.5.1 equipment with a power cord and a flexible cord permanently connected to fixed wiring devices shall cord anchorage. The device
It should be made from wire tension and torque at the terminals and protect against wear insulated wire.
The cord anchorage 12.1.5.2 X-connected, its structure and location should meet the following requirements.
--- Facilitate the replacement of the cord;
--- Should make the cord from the tension and to prevent distortions;
--- In addition to a specially prepared power cord, the fixtures should be suitable for connecting a variety of different types of power cord;
--- If the clamping screws of the cord anchorage is accessible, then the cord should not touch this screw until the clamp screw with accessible
The metal parts are separated by additional insulation;
--- Should not use metal screws directly cord clamping;
--- Should be fixed on an integral part of the instrument or instruments;
--- When replacing the cord must loosen the screws should not be used to fix any other component;
--- Should have insulating properties.
The cord anchorage 12.1.5.3 Y connection and Z-type connector should be able to meet their functional requirements.
12.1.5.4 12.1.5.1 ~ 12.1.5.3 through inspection and the following test.
--- Soft line access terminals, in a conventional manner using a cord anchorage and tighten the clamping screw. At this point there should be pushed into the cord
Equipment caused by the cord at the terminals of the shift may not be caused by moving parts in contact with the cord, or high temperature
Conductor insulating layer allows the member contact temperature;
--- Then subjected to 25 times the cord tension, tension values as shown in Table 3. Explosive force is not applied when you pull every last 1s. Measured during the test
Longitudinal displ...
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