GB/T 40609-2021 PDF in English
GB/T 40609-2021 (GB/T40609-2021, GBT 40609-2021, GBT40609-2021)
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Technical specifications for operational security checking of power system
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 40609-2021
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GB/T 40609-2021: PDF in English (GBT 40609-2021) GB/T 40609-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.020
CCS F 21
Technical specifications for operational security checking of
power system
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 4
4 General requirements for operational security check for power system ... 5
5 Power flow calculation of power grid operational mode ... 5
6 Operational security check for power system ... 7
7 Decision making for security check ... 11
Technical specifications for operational security checking of
power system
1 Scope
This document specifies the data input and output, calculation content and calculation
requirements for operational security checking of power system.
This document applies to the day-ahead and intra-day operational security checking of
power system, and guides the design, research, development and acceptance of the
security check for power system at the provincial level and above. The power
generation, transmission and supply enterprises and users at all levels shall refer to it
for implementation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the version corresponding
to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references, the latest version
(including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB 38755, Code on security and stability for power system
DL/T 961, Power grid dispatching glossary
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by DL/T 961 and the following are applicable to this
document.
3.1 Operational security check for power system
Security check carried out for the day-ahead and intra-day dispatching plans and
electricity market transactions during the generation and operation of power grid
dispatching.
Note: The check contents include base state power flow check, steady-state security
check, short-circuit current check, short-circuit ratio check and stability check.
3.2 Steady-state security check
According to the operational mode data for power system, apply the N-1 principle and
the specified fault set to disconnect the lines, transformers and other elements without
fault one by one, and check whether other elements have equipment overload and
voltage out-of-limit.
3.3 Stability check
Evaluate the ability of the power system to maintain stable operation after small
disturbances and large disturbances based on the operational mode data for power
system.
3.4 Decision making for security check
According to the calculation results of security check, for unsecure or unstable
operational mode data for power system, provide sensitivity analysis information and
adjustment suggestions for eliminating various security and stability problems.
4 General requirements for operational security check for
power system
In the power grid dispatching production and operation, the day-ahead and intra-day
dispatching plan and the electricity market translation results shall pass the security
check. For the situation where the security and stability requirements of the power
system are not satisfied, adjustment suggestions shall be given.
5 Power flow calculation of power grid operational mode
5.1 Basic data
5.1.1 Obtain maintenance plan, power generation plan, electricity market transaction,
equipment unplanned outage or abnormal outage information, and combine new energy
power generation forecast, system load forecast and bus load forecast to provide a
computational basis for subsequent calculations.
5.1.2 The basic calculation data for security check shall include:
a) forecast data, including bus load forecast, system load forecast, and new energy
power generation forecast;
b) dispatching plan data, including power generation plan, tie line plan, equipment
maintenance plan;
c) equipment unplanned outage or abnormal outage information;
d) electricity market transaction data.
5.4.3 The power flow calculation shall automatically adjust the reactive power
compensation according to the change of the active power, so as to ensure that the
voltage of each central point in the system meets the specified requirements:
a) The converter station filter shall be automatically switched on and off according
to the DC active power;
b) Active power and voltage amplitude given (PV) node voltage can be determined
according to historical operational data or manual experience;
c) The reactive power of active power and reactive power given (PQ) nodes shall be
set with reference to historical operational data;
d) The grid reactive power shall be adjusted with the load changes – based on the
principle of lay-dividing and zone-dividing and on-site balance – to avoid the
transmission of reactive power through long-distance lines or multi-stage
transformers.
5.5 Input and output
5.5.1 The input data of the power flow calculation of power grid operational mode shall
include:
a) load forecast and new energy power generation forecast data, dispatching plan
data, equipment unplanned outage or abnormal outage information and electricity
market transaction data;
b) grid model;
c) historical power grid operational data.
5.5.2 The results of the power flow calculation of power grid operational mode shall
include the power grid operational mode data converged by the power flow calculation.
6 Operational security check for power system
6.1 Base state power flow check
6.1.1 The base state power flow check shall perform statistical analysis on the
operational mode data for power system, to judge the overload and out-of-limit
conditions of equipment under the base state power flow.
6.1.2 The base state power flow check includes the following contents:
a) It shall compare the operational mode data for power system with the equipment
limit for out-of-limit check, including line current out-of-limit, transmission
section power flow out-of-limit, transformer power flow out-of-limit and bus
voltage out-of-limit;
b) It shall provide overload equipment and its overload degree, out-of-limit
equipment and its out-of-limit degree, and shall sort the equipment according to
the overload degree and out-of-limit degree.
6.1.3 The input data of the base state power flow check calculation shall include:
a) operational mode data for power system;
b) equipment limit, including line current limit, transmission section composition
and stability limit, transformer power flow limit and bus voltage limit.
6.1.4 The calculation results of base state power flow check shall include: overload and
out-of-limit equipment and overload and out-of-limit degree of operational mode data
for power system under base state power flow.
6.2 Steady-state security check
6.2.1 The steady-state security check shall perform steady-state security analysis and
calculation for the operational mode data of power system, and analyze the equipment
overload and out-of-limit conditions under the N-1 fault and the specified fault set.
6.2.2 The steady-state security check includes the following contents:
a) The calculation range of steady-state security check can be determined according
to equipment type, voltage level and partition;
b) According to the N-1 principle, the entire network equipment shall be
disconnected one by one, including line disconnection, main transformer
disconnection, and DC single-pole blocking. If necessary, the DC bipolar
blocking fault and the simultaneous fault of the same pole and parallel line shall
be analyzed and calculated, and other elements shall be judged for exceeding the
limit or not;
c) The specified fault set shall be subject to steady-state security analysis and
calculation, to judge whether other elements are out of limit;
d) The action of the automatic security device shall be simulated; the strategy of the
automatic security device can be automatically matched according to the power
grid operational mode.
6.2.3 The input data of the steady-state security check shall include:
a) operational mode data for power system;
a) operational mode data for power system;
b) DC transmission short-circuit ratio, DC multi-feed short-circuit ratio, and new
energy station short-circuit ratio threshold.
6.4.4 The calculation results of the short-circuit ratio check shall include: DC and new
energy stations that do not meet the short-circuit ratio requirements.
6.5 Stability check
6.5.1 The stability check shall perform static stability, transient power angle stability,
dynamic power angle stability, voltage stability and frequency stability check according
to the operational mode data for power system; the stability calculation results shall
meet the requirements of GB 38755.
6.5.2 The stability check shall include the following contents:
a) The stability check shall perform static stability calculation on the operational
mode data for power system, to check whether the static stability reserve of the
operational mode data for power system meets the requirements;
b) The transient power angle stability check shall perform electromechanical
transient simulation under expected faults according to the operational mode data
for power system, and check whether the given automatic relay protection and
security device action strategies meet the requirements of the transient power
angle stability criterion;
c) The dynamic power angle stability check shall perform small disturbance stability
analysis and electromechanical transient simulation of expected faults according
to the operational mode data for power system, and verify whether the damping
ratio meets the specified requirements;
d) The voltage stability check shall perform static voltage stability and transient
voltage stability calculation according to the operational mode data for power
system, check whether the static voltage stability margin meets the requirements,
and analyze whether the load bus voltage can recover to above the specified
operating voltage level after the expected fault;
e) The frequency stability check shall perform frequency stability calculation under
expected faults according to the operational mode data for power system, and
check whether the system frequency can quickly recover to the vicinity of the
rated frequency under the given frequency stability control measures.
6.5.3 The input data for the stability check shall include:
a) operational mode data for power system;
b) static stability, transient power angle stability, dynamic power angle stability,
voltage stability and frequency stability calculation fault set;
c) automatic security control device action strategy.
6.5.4 The results of the stability check shall include:
a) operational mode of power system, which does not meet the security and stability
constraints;
b) static stability, transient power angle stability, dynamic power angle stability,
voltage stability and frequency stability check results.
7 Decision making for security check
7.1 Sensitivity analysis
7.1.1 According to the calculation results of the operational security check of power
system, conduct sensitivity analysis for equipment out-of-limit, short-circuit current
exceeding the standard or operational mode data for power system dissatisfying security
and stability requirements. Including the following:
a) The sensitivity analysis of the active power injection of generator nodes and load
nodes to the active power flow of branches or transmission channels shall be
carried out;
b) The sensitivity analysis of the reactive power injection of generator nodes and
capacitor reactor nodes to the bus voltage, and the sensitivity analysis of the
transformer ratio to the bus voltage shall be carried out;
c) The branch circuit breaking distribution factor calculation shall be carried out, that
is, the change of power of other lines or transformers after the line or transformer
branch is broken shall be calculated;
d) The sensitivity analysis of short-circuit current by adjustment measures such as
switching on and off equipment, busbar separation and line out-of-line shall be
carried out;
e) The sensitivity analysis of the short-circuit ratio by the adjustment measures such
as generator start-stop and DC power adjustment shall be carried out;
f) The sensitivity analysis of the transient instability faults by adjustment measures
such as generator start-stop, output adjustment, and DC power adjustment shall
be carried out;
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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