GB/T 40093-2021 PDF English
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Life cycle assessment method for transformer
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GB/T 40093-2021: PDF in English (GBT 40093-2021) GB/T 40093-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 29.020
K 04
Life cycle assessment method for transformer
ISSUED ON: MAY 21, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2021
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Product life cycle assessment ... 6
5 Life cycle report ... 11
Appendix A (Informative) Examples of the process flow diagrams of the
transformer product manufacturing stage ... 12
References ... 14
Life cycle assessment method for transformer
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the life cycle assessment and life cycle report of
transformer products.
This Standard applies to the life cycle assessment of transformer products;
transformer products make Type III environmental declaration in accordance
with GB/T 24025-2009.
Note: According to GB/T 24025-2009, this Standard is a product category rule
for transformer products to carry out type III environmental declaration.
The use of product category rules when making type III environmental
declaration helps to ensure the credibility and comparability of life cycle
assessment conclusions.
This Standard applies to the power transformers that are specified in GB/T
1094.1, including transformers directly supplied to end users (final products)
and transformers as part of equipment (intermediate products). It can also be
used as reference for other similar transformer products.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 1094.1, Power transformers - Part 1: General
GB/T 24025-2009, Environmental labels and declaration - Type III
environmental declarations - Principles and procedures
GB/T 24040-2008, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment -
Principles and frameworks
GB/T 24044-2008, Environmental management - Life cycle assessment -
Requirements and guidelines
GB/T 37552-2019, Guidance on life cycle assessment for electrical and
electronic products
The product description shall enable users to clearly identify the product, such
as:
a) product name;
b) product model, specification or dimensions;
c) parameters related to product weight;
d) main technical parameters and performance of the product;
e) relevant quality standards that the product meets;
f) other marks obtained by the product, etc.
It can be described with reference to the requirements of relevant transformer
standards.
4.2 Product life cycle assessment scope
4.2.1 Functional unit
This Standard takes "1 transformer" as the functional unit; the description of the
functional unit shall include, but is not limited to:
a) function of the product (that is, the service to the user);
b) rated capacity;
c) rated voltage;
d) rated frequency;
e) phase number;
f) cooling method;
g) reference life time (design life).
Note: For 1 three-phase dry-type distribution transformer, the rated capacity is
315 kVA; the rated voltage is 10/0.4 kV; the rated frequency is 50 Hz; the
cooling method is AN/AF; the reference life time is 20 years.
The reference flow of the corresponding functional unit includes:
a) reference product that realizes the functions described in the functional
unit;
ΔP – active power loss, in kilowatts (kW);
P0 – no-load loss, in kilowatts (kW);
β – average annual load rate of the transformer, dimensionless;
PK – rated load loss, in kilowatts (kW).
Where:
ΔQ – reactive power loss, in kilowatts (kW);
Q0 – No-load reactive power loss, in kilovars (kvar);
KQ – reactive economic equivalent, in kilowatts per kilovar (kW/kvar);
β – average annual load rate of the transformer, dimensionless;
QK – rated load leakage magnetic power, in kilovars (kvar).
Where:
Q0 – No-load reactive power loss, in kilovars (kvar);
I0 – percentage of no-load current of the transformer, in percentages (%);
SN – rated capacity of the transformer, in kilovolt-amperes (kVA).
Where:
QK – rated load leakage magnetic power, in kilovars (kvar);
UK – percentage of the short-circuit impedance, in percentages (%);
SN – rated capacity of the transformer, in kilovolt-amperes (kVA).
Where:
ΔPZ – total loss, in kilowatts (kW);
ΔP – active power loss, in kilowatts (kW);
KQ – reactive economic equivalent, in kilowatts per kilovar (kW/kvar);
ΔQ – reactive power loss, in kilowatts (kW).
The above parameters shall be determined according to the specific conditions
of the product. Examples are as follows:
When taking the minimum load of the 6 kV ~ 10 kV step-down transformer which
is used in urban power grids and industrial enterprise power grids, its reactive
power equivalent KQ = 0.1 kW/kvar; the average annual load rate of the
transformer, for agricultural transformers, may be β = 20%; for industrial
enterprises of three-shift system, it may be β = 75%; for P0, PK, I0%, UK%, see
product information.
4.3.1.2.2 Maintenance requirements
If applicable, the maintenance frequency of the product and the parts and
materials used for maintenance shall be stated.
4.3.1.3 End-of-life stage
The following processing links shall be considered for all elements of the life
cycle and recorded in the life cycle assessment report:
a) product/material disposal process (energy recovery, landfill);
b) product/material recycling (reuse, recycling or energy recovery).
If the data processed at the end-of-life stage is not available, the transportation
of end-of-life waste and the types of waste materials shall be considered.
4.3.2 Data unit
4.3.2 in GB/T 37552-2019 applies.
4.3.3 Data collection requirements
4.3.3 and 4.3.4 in GB/T 37552-2019 apply.
4.3.4 Data quality assessment
4.4 in GB/T 37552-2019 applies.
4.3.5 Cut-off criteria
4.5 in GB/T 37552-2019 applies.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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