GB/T 25385-2019 PDF English
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GB/T 25385-2019: PDF in English (GBT 25385-2019) GB/T 25385-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.180
F 11
Replacing GB/T 25385-2010
Wind turbines - Operation and maintenance
requirement
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 18, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2020
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Basic requirements ... 7
5 Operation requirements ... 11
6 Maintenance requirements ... 14
Appendix A (Informative) Lubrication cycle table ... 19
Appendix B (Informative) Maintenance work sheet ... 20
Appendix C (Informative) Regular maintenance items and requirements ... 21
Foreword
This Standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This Standard replaces GB/T 25385-2010, Operation and maintenance
requirement for wind turbines. Compared with GB/T 25385-2010, the main
technical changes, except editorial changes, are as follows:
-- Modify the contents of “Scope” (see Chapter 1, Chapter 1 of version 2010);
-- Remove “Overview” of version 2010 (see Chapter 2 of version 2010);
-- Add “Normative references” (see Chapter 2);
-- Add “Terms and definitions” (see Chapter 3);
-- Add “Basic requirements”, which makes basic requirements and
regulations for personnel, safety, operation and maintenance manuals
(see Chapter 4);
-- Remove “Design requirements for safe operation, inspection and
maintenance” of version 2010 (see Chapter 3 of version 2010);
-- Remove “Trial run instructions” of version 2010 (see Chapter 4 of version
2010);
-- Add “Operation requirements” (see Chapter 5);
-- Add “Maintenance requirements” (see Chapter 6);
-- Modify the nature of the appendixes (see Appendix A, Appendix C, and
Appendix A, Appendix B of version 2010);
-- Add informative Appendix B “Maintenance work sheet” (see Appendix B);
-- Add “First maintenance items and requirements” (see C.1);
-- Modify “Semi-annual maintenance items and requirements” (see Table C.2,
and Table B.1 of version 2010);
-- Modify “Annual maintenance items and requirements” (see Table C.3, and
Table B.2 of version 2010).
This Standard was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This Standard shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee
for Standardization of Wind Machinery (SAC/TC 50).
The drafting organizations of this Standard: Beijing Goldwind Science &
Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd., Xinjiang Goldwind Sci & Tech Co.,
Ltd., Hohhot Branch of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization
Sciences Co., Ltd., Envision Energy (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Beijing Eulikind
Technology Co., Ltd., Mingyang Smart Energy Group Limited, Jiangsu
Goldwind Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Guodian United Power Technology
Co., Ltd., Gamesa Wind Turbine (Tianjin) Ltd., Vestas Wind Technology (China)
Co., Ltd., Shanghai Electric Wind Power Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Windey Co.,
Ltd., Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co., Ltd., Three Gorges Electrical and
Mechanical Engineering Technology Corporation, China General Certification
Center, Beijing Tianrun New Energy Investment Co., Ltd., Longyuan (Beijing)
Wind Power Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., CSIC (Chongqing) Haizhuang
Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd., Xi'an Fengchuang Energy Technology Co.,
Ltd., Beijing Qianyuan Wind Power Technology Co., Ltd., CRRC Yongji Electric
Co., Ltd., CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co., Ltd., Sinoma Wind Power Blade Co.,
Ltd.
The drafters of this Standard: Feng Tao, Li Lishan, Ren Jun, Zhu Hongdong,
Hu Bin, Huang Chen, Zhang Qingyun, Zhao Hui, Xue Zhenfeng, Ning Qiaozhen,
Chu Jingchun, Wang Wenyue, Li Yue, Yan Changkuan, Bu Xiangyu, Zhu Bing,
Sun Wenguang, Chen Kangsheng, Cai Jun, Gao Ruoyu, Yang Zhangbin, Yang
Hongyuan, Li Wenqian, Yao Wenjun, Wang Bo, Zhou Shidong, Qin Ling, Yao
Lin, Zhuang Yan, Duan Zhiqiang, Shang Gang, Li Chengliang, Duan Yanfang.
The previous versions of the standards which are replaced by this Standard are:
-- GB/T 25385-2010.
Wind turbines - Operation and maintenance
requirement
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the safety, personnel, equipment, environment and
management requirements that are related to the operation and maintenance
of onshore wind turbines (hereinafter referred to as "units").
This Standard applies to the operation and maintenance of all grid-connected
onshore units.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the dated version applies to this document. For
undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this
document.
GB/T 2900.1, Electrotechnical terminology - Fundamental terms
GB/T 2900.13, Electrotechnical terminology - Dependability and quality of
service
GB/T 2900.53, Electrotechnical terminology - Wind turbine generator
systems
GB/T 35204-2017, Wind turbines - Safety manuals
GBZ 188-2014, Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance
DL/T 796, Wind farm safety procedures
DL/T 797, Code on maintenance of wind farm
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions determined by GB/T 2900.1, GB/T 2900.13, GB/T
2900.53 and DL/T 797, and the following ones are applicable to this document.
3.1 Operation
The production activity that is operated on the unit to ensure the safe and
reliable operation of the unit, according to the grid conditions, dispatch
requirements, weather conditions, power transformer substation and unit
conditions.
3.2 Maintenance
The maintenance activity to ensure the normal operation of the unit according
to the design requirements, unit conditions, data analysis results, including
regular maintenance, condition-based maintenance, fault handling, flaw
handling and so on.
3.3 First maintenance
The first regular maintenance after the unit is connected to the grid for the first
time; the deployment time shall not exceed three months after the grid
connection of the unit.
3.4 Semi-annual maintenance
The maintenance work of the unit that is carried out the first half a year after the
first grid connection of the unit and every subsequent semi-annual period of an
odd number of times.
3.5 Annual maintenance
The maintenance work of the unit that is carried out one year after the first grid
connection of the unit and every subsequent year of integral multiples.
3.6 Work sheet
The record file that is used to record process information and work result data
during unit operation and maintenance.
3.7 Flaw
Occurred anomalies and hidden dangers during the unit operation.
3.8 Consumables
Materials that are preventively replaced according to the design requirements
of the unit and the statistical laws of equipment wear and aging.
3.9 Spare parts
Electrical and mechanical parts that are required for fault handling during
operation and maintenance of the unit.
4 Basic requirements
4.1 Personnel requirements
4.1.1 General requirements for personnel
All personnel involved in the unit work shall meet the following requirements:
a) In health; have physical examination from enterprise-accepted hospitals
with physical examination qualifications according to relevant standards;
do not have symptoms that hinder the operation and maintenance of the
unit. Electrical workers and those who work high above the ground shall
meet the requirements of Chapter 9 of GBZ 188-2014.
b) Have work license and certified qualification proof. For example, the
worker who work high above the ground shall hold a high-altitude
operation permit; the personnel engaged in electrical work shall hold an
electric operation permit.
c) Master first-aid on electric shock sites and high-altitude rescue methods;
master the use methods of safety tools/appliances and fire-fighting
equipment, so as to cope with safety accidents during operation and
maintenance.
d) Master the operating conditions and performance parameters of the wind
farm equipment; master the working principle, basic structure and
operation of the relevant units.
e) Master various of condition information, fault signals and fault types of the
unit and emergency facilities; master the reasons and handling methods
for general faults.
f) Master the work ticket system; master the requirements for filling and using
work tickets.
4.1.2 Requirements for operating personnel
Operating personnel shall meet the following requirements:
a) Master the use of wind farm data collection and monitoring, weather
forecasting, communication, scheduling and other systems;
b) Be able to strictly enforce the power grid and government-related
department instructions;
c) Be able to complete the statistics and calculation of various operational
indicators of the wind farm;
d) Have the ability of data analysis; be able to carry out operational data and
indicator analysis work on a regular basis.
4.1.3 Requirements for maintenance personnel
Maintenance personnel shall meet the following requirements:
a) Master the unit maintenance work manual. Carry out any inspection and
maintenance work within the planned time; strictly enforce the operation
requirements in accordance with the manual.
b) Master the maintenance process, procedures, commissioning methods
and quality standards of the unit.
c) For tools and instruments for maintenance use, train to master the use
and maintenance methods of the equipment; master the judgment and
treatment of general faults.
d) Master the filling specifications and requirements for the work sheet or
other specific documents; fill and report them in time according to
regulations.
4.2 Safety requirements
4.2.1 Before the work, perform the safety disclosure and record; formulate
corresponding safety plans according to the operational risks.
4.2.2 Strictly follow the road traffic safety regulations of the wind farm; equip
appropriate vehicles, to ensure the safety of the wind farm. Emergency supplies
such as first-aid kits and emergency lights shall be equipped on the vehicles
and regularly inspected, supplemented or replaced.
4.2.3 Equip wireless communication equipment and backup power supply; keep
the contact between each operation point and the monitoring center at any time.
Personnel shall not work alone in the unit.
4.2.4 Properly select and use personal protective equipment; perform detection
on personal protective equipment regularly as required.
4.2.5 Before the maintenance work, know the weather. Do not maintain the unit
during thunderstorms; do not approach the unit within 1 hour after the end of
thunderstorm weather.
4.2.6 Before the maintenance work, stop the unit and set to “maintenance”
status, and hang a warning sign; after the maintenance work is completed,
adjust the unit to “running” status and remove the warning sign.
4.2.7 During the towering and operation, personnel shall ensure adequate
lighting.
4.2.8 When ladders are used, personnel shall wear seat belt, protective shoes,
non-slip gloves, and use anti-falling protective clothing.
4.2.9 When the engine room hoist is used, pay attention to the wind speed,
wind direction and engine room direction. If necessary, use a wind rope or
manual yaw to keep the chain away from the high-voltage lines and
transformers. During the lifting, personnel on the bottom of the tower shall be
away from the hanging objects. Prevent falling objects from causing personal
injury. Ensure that the hanging objects are well tied, no obstacles or safety
hazards on the hanging route. Take password-based operations.
4.2.10 When entering the hub or working on the impeller, reliably lock the
impeller first. When the impeller is locked, the wind speed shall not be higher
than the maximum allowable wind speed that is specified by the unit.
4.2.11 During operation and maintenance, tools and parts shall not be thrown
in the air. Tools and parts shall be placed in an orderly manner. After the
operation and maintenance work, tools and parts shall be inspected and shall
not be left in the unit.
4.2.12 For electrical operation, implement the safety requirements of “power off,
hang the tag and lock, power inspection, grounding, and isolation”.
4.2.13 When personnel enter the confined space, take necessary measures to
ensure that the location is well ventilated.
4.2.14 For work that requires fire, prepare all fire prevention measures in
advance.
4.2.15 Regularly inspect fire-fighting equipment such as unit fire extinguishers.
4.2.16 For cleaning such as dust and toner, provide personal protective gear to
prevent dust from inhaling.
4.2.17 When the converter is operated and maintained, cut off the power on the
low-voltage side of the transformer on the grid side; perform the operation after
the power is measured and confirmed to be cut off.
4.2.18 When the hydraulic system is maintained, relieve the pressure for the
corresponding hydraulic circuit.
4.2.19 During the work outside the engine room, use seat belts; hang the double
hooks on the safety anchor point; when railing on the top of the engine room is
used as the hanging point, the hanging point shall meet the design
requirements of the safety anchor point.
4.2.20 Before the high-speed shaft guard is removed, brake the high-speed
shaft.
4.2.21 When approaching the rotating parts such as the high-speed shaft and
the fluted disc, pay attention to safety and prevent pinching.
4.2.22 When cleaning the unit, the cleaning agent and absolute ethanol shall
comply with relevant environmental protection requirements. Pay attention to
fire prevention and ventilation during operation.
4.2.23 When the blade is frozen (the risk of falling ice outside the unit), keep
away from the rotating surface of the impeller, and strictly forbid to stay in the
dangerous area.
4.2.24 In case of thundering during operation, evacuate in time; when there is
no time to evacuate, stand on the tower platform with both feet together and do
not touch any metal objects.
4.2.25 In response to an emergency, the passages that rescuers may use shall
be kept open.
4.2.26 In the emergency that directly threatens personal safety, the person in
charge of the site has the right to stop the operation and organize the
evacuation of the site.
4.2.27 For requirements which are not mentioned here, comply with DL/T 796.
4.3 Operation and maintenance file requirements
Operation and maintenance files shall contain the following contents:
a) equipment ledger;
b) equipment safety operation range and system description;
c) unit start and stop operation procedures;
d) unit subsystem and its operational description;
e) required conditions of the unit before maintenance work;
f) Define clear cycles, working methods, requirements, protective equipment,
procedures and risks, according to the specific maintenance works
(including lubrication and bolt inspection);
Note: Appendix A lists some of the lubrication items and cycles for
reference.
g) recommended lists of consumables, spare parts, and tools;
h) maintenance work sheet (see Appendix B).
4.4 Environmental protection requirements
During the operation and maintenance of the unit, follow the relevant national
environmental protection regulations; make garbage classification and
treatment; protect the surrounding environment of the unit, including soil, water,
forest land and grassland.
5 Operation requirements
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The operation of the unit mainly includes:
a) monitoring and adjustment of the unit operation conditions;
b) unit operation data backup, statistics, analysis and reporting;
c) implementation and supervision of work tickets, operating tickets, etc.;
d) When flaws or faults are found during operation and maintenance of the
unit, reasonably operate the unit's operation mode and organize the
personnel to carry out corresponding work, so as to ensure the safe
operation of the equipment. If it belongs to the power grid dispatching
jurisdiction, the operating personnel shall immediately report the power
grid dispatch;
e) supervision and inspection of the implementation of the unit maintenance
standards;
f) Record the operating data of the unit, including fault record, flaw record,
lost power, abandoned wind rate, etc.;
g) Perform unit file management, including hoisting records, commissioning
records, maintenance records, consumables and spare parts records,
drawings, etc.
5.1.2 Conditions that the unit shall have before it is put into operation:
a) For long-term power-off and out-of-operation and newly-introduced units,
check various components and devices (power supply, control power
supply, safety device, control device, remote communication device, high-
voltage system, yaw system) of the unit according to the technical
requirements of the unit before they are put into operation. If it is in a
normal state, start after the generator stator and the rotor insulation are
checked qualified;
b) Before the maintained unit is started, confirm that the safety measures
during the operation have been canceled;
c) The external and internal environmental conditions are in accordance with
the operating conditions of the unit; the temperature, humidity and wind
speed are within the design parameters of the unit;
d) Before it is manually started, the surface of the impeller shall be free of
ice;
e) The unit power supply and control power supply are in the on position; the
power phase sequence is correct; the three-phase voltage is balanced;
the frequency is normal; the unit control system self-test has no fault
information;
f) All safety devices are in normal position; there is no fault, short circuit or
withdrawal;
g) The oil temperature, oil pressure and oil level of each sub-system of the
unit are normal; the energy storage device and brake device in the system
work normally;
h) The remote communication device is in a normal state;
i) If it is unauthorized, do not modify the unit equipment parameters and
protection settings; do not modify, short-circuit, shield or remove the
control of the equipment or the measurement circuit wiring.
5.1.3 For the unit which has been powered-off and out-of-operation for more
than three months, it should be maintained according to different lengths of time,
including but not limited to the following maintenance items:
a) Check the shroud, engine room and other spaces for leakage of rain;
ensure that there are no water erosion parts in the unit;
b) Check every bolted connection for abnormalities such as looseness and
corrosion;
c) In areas of high humidity, for the electrical control cabinet of the unit which
has been placed with simple dehumidification equipment or appliances,
perform maintenance or replacement;
d) Check the corrosion of the electric control cabinet, gear box and yaw ring
gear in the unit, and carry out maintenance on equipment that may have
condensation and corrosion;
e) Regularly check the performance of the internal battery and
supercapacitor of the unit. If it does not meet the requirements, record it,
and process or replace it before the unit is restarted.
5.2 Data acquisition and monitoring system
5.2.1 The main contents of the general inspection of the monitoring system are:
-- Working condition of the primary server;
-- Working condition of each industrial computer;
-- Working condition of the core switch;
-- Working condition of the fiber switch;
-- Remaining space of the primary server disk.
5.2.2 The signals and data that are displayed by the system are normal; the
storage and backup of the database are normal.
5.2.3 The auxiliary equipment such as printer and alarm sound work normally;
test if necessary.
5.2.4 The condition monitoring system works normally.
5.2.5 If video surveillance is available, the video surveillance shall work normally.
5.2.6 Regularly acquire and back up the wind farm and monitoring system data;
ensure the accuracy and completeness of the data.
5.2.7 Carry out hierarchical management on the wind farm data acquisition and
the monitoring system software operation authority; do not cross the border to
operate without authorization.
5.2.8 Monitoring system server, industrial computer, front desk workstation and
other equipment shall be shut down and cleaned every year.
5.3 Unit abnormal operation and fault handling
5.3.1 When the unit has an abnormal alarm signal, the operating personnel
shall analyze, judge or test the signal according to the operating procedures,
and perform appropriate treatment according to the operating procedures.
5.3.2 When the unit is disconnected from the grid due to system factors such
as grid frequency and voltage, implement in accordance with the requirements
for wind power grid connection.
5.3.3 When conditions that may cause object falling from high altitudes, such
as over-speed, blade damage, icing, occur during the operation of the unit, it
shall not be operated locally. The operating personnel shall remotely stop it
through the remote monitoring system and set up a safety protection zone to
avoid people entering potentially-dangerous areas.
5.3.4 When the unit is on fire, stop immediately and disconnect the line circuit
breaker that is connected to the unit and alarm at the same time.
5.3.5 When the unit brake system fails, deal according to the special treatment
plan immediately.
5.3.6 The sequence of manual shutdown operations that are required by the
unit due to other abnormal conditions:
a) normal shutdown;
b) When the normal shutdown fails, take remote or local emergency
shutdown;
c) When the emergency shutdown fails, ensure personnel safety first.
5.3.7 The emergency response and emergency disposal during the operation
of the unit shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 10 of GB/T 35204-2017.
5.4 Unit operation analysis
5.4.1 Unit operation analysis includes indicators such as availability, power
curve, fault, and power consumption, which shall be analyzed monthly; an
analysis report shall be formed.
5.4.2 For wind farms that are composed of several different types of units, the
indicators shall be analyzed separately.
6 Maintenance requirements
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Before the start of maintenance work, formulate the maintenance plan
according to the actual operation of the unit; prepare the required materials and
tools; meet the requirements for use.
6.1.2 When adding oil and grease to the unit, ensure that the oil is clean to
avoid secondary pollution; the added oil shall be consistent with the original oil
sample type and within the validity period. If the oil sample needs to be replaced,
it shall meet the technical requirements and replacement process of the unit.
6.1.3 Other maintenance materials such as carbon brushes, filter elements,
shall be identical with the original material type of the unit or confirmed to be
replaceable, and shall meet the technical requirements of the unit and the
replacement process requirements.
6.1.4 When using detergent to clean the unit, keep it well ventilated.
6.1.5 When replacing heavy spare parts, auxiliary lifting equipment inside the
unit should be used.
6.1.6 After the maintenance work is completed, keep the working environment
clean and unlock the unit.
6.1.7 After the wind farm is subjected to strong convective weather
(thunderstorms, typhoons), inspect the tower, blades, pitch system and
electronic control system of the unit.
6.1.8 The records of maintenance works shall be filled out in time according to
the specifications to ensure that the recorded information is accurate and true;
the record format is standardized for easy analysis.
6.2 Regular maintenance
6.2.1 The regular maintenance cycle shall be determined according to the
design and operation requirements of the unit; it may include: first maintenance,
semi-annual maintenance, and annual maintenance. See Appendix C for some
of the contents and requirements for regular maintenance work.
6.2.2 The interval between semi-annual maintenance and annual maintenance
of the unit shall be no more than 6 months.
6.2.3 For the regular maintenance, record the maintenance process, and form
a maintenance summary or report. Archive the process record files; deal with
problems that are found in the maintenance in a timely manner, and form the
problem processing records and archive.
6.3 Consumables and spare parts
6.3.1 List spare parts and consumables that are commonly used by the unit;
prepare adequate consumables and spare parts according to their performance
and frequency of consumption; store in a suitable place. Chemical materials
shall be stored separately according to the chemical storage regulations; the
storage location and environment shall meet fire safety requirements.
6.3.2 The list of consumables and spare parts that is provided by the unit
supplier shall include the following:
-- material installation location;
-- unit manufacturer's material number;
-- material name, brand;
-- specification model;
-- key characteristic indicators;
-- information such as recommended amount.
6.3.3 The spare parts of the unit that are repaired and replaced shall be
managed separately by using labels that are not easily lost, and stored
separately to avoid mixing. The label needs to record information such as the
unit number, the operator, the fault status, the spare part fault point, and the
replacement time.
6.4 Flaw handling
6.4.1 Divide flaws into three categories according to the possible power loss or
the possible impact on production:
a) Type-I flaw: equipment or facilities directly has flaws that threaten the
safety operation and need to be dealt with immediately, which may cause
accidents such as equipment damage, personal injury or death, large-
scale power outage, fire at any time, or have caused lower power
generation that affects the external power supply;
b) Type-II flaw: flaws that seriously threaten people, power grids and
equipment, which can still operate; they may cause accidents if not dealt
with in time;
c) Type-III flaw: flaws that do not deteriorate into type-I or type-II flaws in a
short period of time, but have an effect on the operation, while it can still
operate.
6.4.2 During the maintenance process, record the discovered flaws to form a
flaw item summary sheet.
6.4.3 Maintenance personnel shall follow up the technical plan and rectify the
material progress in time, and complete the flaw rectification according to the
rectification plan.
6.4.4 The process, content and data of the flaw handling shall be recorded. The
contents of the record should include:
-- item name;
-- unit position number;
-- date;
-- name of the flaw;
-- solution;
-- flaw discovery method;
-- flaw level classification;
......
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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