GB/T 25087-2010 PDF in English
GB/T 25087-2010 (GB/T25087-2010, GBT 25087-2010, GBT25087-2010)
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Road vehicles -- Round, screened and unscreened 60V and 600V multi-core sheathed cables
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GB/T 25087-2010: PDF in English (GBT 25087-2010) GB/T 25087-2010
Road vehicles.Round, screened and unscreened 60V and 600V multi-core sheathed cables
ICS 43.040.10
T36
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Road vehicles are round, shielded and unshielded
60V and 600V multi-core sheathed cable
Roadvehicles-Round, screenedandunscreened60Vand
(ISO 14572.2006, IDT)
Released on.2010-09-02
2011-02-01 implementation
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
China National Standardization Administration issued
Foreword
This standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO 14572.2006 "Road vehicles with round, shielded and unshielded 60V and 600V multicore
Basic performance and high performance cable test methods and requirements for sheathed cables. The following editorial changes were made.
a) “This International Standard” is replaced by “this Standard”;
b) Replace the comma "," with the decimal point "." as the decimal point;
c) the preface to the deletion of international standards;
d) deleted Appendix A of the International Standard;
e) Deleted the final reference to the international standard.
This standard was proposed by the National Development and Reform Commission.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee.
This standard was drafted. Beijing Fox Automotive Wire Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. Huo Yan, Wang Yadong, Li Qingsen, Li Guoyu.
Road vehicles are round, shielded and unshielded
60V and 600V multi-core sheathed cable
1 Scope
This standard specifies the test methods for basic performance and high performance of round, shielded and unshielded multi-core sheathed cables for road vehicles.
Law and requirements.
The individual cores of unshielded cables shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 25085-2010. Other types of cores can also be used, but be sure
The structure and testing required for these core functions shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser. See GB/T 25085-2010 for temperature grades.
2 Normative references
The terms in the following documents become the terms of this standard by reference to this standard. All dated references, followed by all
Modifications (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to study
Is it possible to use the latest version of these files? For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard.
GB/T 25085-2010 60V and 600V single-core wires for road vehicles (ISO 6722.2006, IDT)
GB/T 2951.11 General test methods for cables and cables - Part 11. General test methods - thickness
And dimensions measurement - mechanical performance test (GB/T 2951.11-2008, IEC 60811-1-1..2001, IDT)
GB/T 16422.2 exposure test methods for plastics - Part 2. Xenon arc lamps (GB/T 16422.2-1999, idt
ISO 4892-2.1994)
GB/T 17737.1 RF cables - Part 1. General specification, definitions, requirements and test methods (GB/T 17737.1-
2000, IDTIEC 61196-1..1995)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Basic performance (cable) basicperformance(cable)
(Cable) meets the basic requirements of automotive applications.
3.2
Core core
It is inherently insulated and may also have a shielded conductor assembly.
3.3
High performance (cable) highperformance(cable)
(Cable) meets all basic requirements and improved mechanical and/or environmental performance (as determined by the purchaser).
3.4
Shield screen
Conductive materials are used to reduce varying electromagnetic field penetration and/or radiation into designated areas.
3.5
Unshielded unscreened
Missing shielding.
4 General requirements
4.1 Cable rating
4.1.1 Rated voltage
The rated voltage is determined by the rated voltage of the insulated core. 60V and 600V cores should not be mixed in the same multi-core cable.
4.1.2 rated temperature class
The rated temperature rating is determined by the temperature rating of the core and jacket.
4.2 600V cable
Special attention should be paid to protecting cables with voltages above DC60V from mechanical shocks and avoiding the risk of electric shock.
The 600V cable jacket should be identified using a durable orange color.
4.3 Test
Cables shall be tested in accordance with Table 1.
4.4 General test conditions
According to 4.4 of GB/T 25085-2010.
4.5 Oven
According to 4.5 of GB/T 25085-2010.
4.6 Visual appearance
For visual inspection, the sheath should be smooth and flat and should not have lumps, holes, inclusions or other similar defects.
5 size
5.1 Overview
The structure of the cable is varied and the dimensions are determined by both the supplier and the buyer (see 5.2.4, 5.3.5 and 5.4.4).
5.2 Cable outer diameter
5.2.1 Sample
According to 5.1.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.2.2 Installation
According to 5.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.2.3 Procedure
According to 5.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.2.4 Requirements
The outer diameter of the cable shall be within the range determined by both parties.
5.3 Sheath ellipticity
5.3.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
5.3.2 Sample
According to 5.1.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.3.3 Installation
According to 5.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.3.4 Procedure
According to 5.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. Determine the maximum (dmax) and minimum (dmin) cable outer diameters, then calculate the ellipticity.
O= dmax-dmin0.5× dmax d( )min ×
In the formula.
O---ellipticity, %;
Dmax---the maximum outer diameter of the cable, mm;
Dmin---the minimum outer diameter of the cable, mm.
5.3.5 Requirements
The ellipticity shall be within the range determined by the supplier and the buyer.
Table 1 test
Article number test project process test a
Identification test if necessary test c
First cycle b first cycle b
4.6
General requirements
Visual appearance - × × - -
5.2
5.3
5.4
size
Cable outer diameter
Sheath ellipticity
Sheath thickness
6.1
6.2
6.3
Electrical performance
Continuity
Withstand voltage
Shielding efficiency
7.1
7.2
7.3
Mechanical behavior
High temperature pressure
Sheath adhesion
Cyclic bending
8.1
8.2
Low temperature performance
Winding
Shock
9 wear-resistant - - - × ×
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Heat aging
3000h long-term aging
240h short-term aging
Thermal overload
Sheath heat shrinkage
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
Environmentally resistant and chemical
Sheath resistant to liquid
Sheath mark durability
Ozone resistant
Temperature and humidity alternation
12 anti-flame retardant - × × - -
13 Artificial Atmospheric Ageing - - - × -
Note 1. × is adopted.
Note 2. - is not used.
a All cables are tested during or after manufacture.
The frequency of the b-cycle test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
c The use of “test if necessary” shall be determined by both parties.
Part d liquid is used as an "identification test" and the remaining liquid is carried out "test if necessary", as detailed in 11.1.
5.4 Sheath thickness
5.4.1 Sample
According to 5.2.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.4.2 Installation
According to 5.2.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.4.3 Procedure
According to 5.2.3 of GB/T 25085-2010.
5.4.4 Requirements
The thickness of the sheath shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the purchaser.
6 Electrical properties
6.1 Continuity
6.1.1 Sample
Strip 100 mm of sheath from each end of the entire cable and strip 25 mm of insulation from each end of the core.
6.1.2 Installation
Use an appropriate power source, in series with an indicator such as an ohmmeter, indicator light or buzzer.
6.1.3 Procedure
Connect each core to this unit. Repeat this step until all cores have been tested. If there is shielding, it is also treated as a
The cores use the same procedure to test their continuity. It is also possible to select all the cores in series and test them once. Note that the choice will not be damaged
Appropriate current for individual conductors.
6.1.4 Requirements
The indicator shows continuous.
6.2 Withstand voltage
6.2.1 Sample
Strip the 100mm jacket from one end of the cable and strip the 25mm insulation from each core. For the test, it will be tested outside the core
The conductors of all the cores are connected together. If shielded, the cores should be connected in the same way.
6.2.2 Installation
Use an AC voltage source that can apply 2kV at 50Hz or 60Hz for at least 3s.
6.2.3 Procedure
Apply 2kV ac voltage between the core to be tested and all other cores for at least 3s. Repeat this procedure for all cores
Line test. If shielded, the shield should be tested in the same way as the test core.
6.2.4 Requirements
No breakdown occurs between the cores. If there is shielding, no breakdown occurs between the wire core and the shield.
6.3 Shielding efficiency
6.3.1 Test adoption
This test is only for shielded cables. Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
6.3.2 Shielded DC resistance
This test is for cables with an operating frequency of no more than 1 MHz.
6.3.2.1 Sample
According to 6.1.1 of GB/T 25085-2010. A 100 mm sheath was peeled off at each end of the specimen.
6.3.2.2 Device
According to 6.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
6.3.2.3 Procedure
According to 6.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010.
6.3.2.4 Requirements
The requirement to shield the DC resistance is determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
6.3.3 Surface transfer impedance (line injection method)
The allowable frequency range is in accordance with “Surface Transfer Impedance, Line Injection Method” in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.3.1 Sample
According to "surface transfer impedance, line injection method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.3.2 Device
According to "surface transfer impedance, line injection method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.3.3 Procedure
According to "surface transfer impedance, line injection method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.3.4 Requirements
The requirements for surface transfer impedance are determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
6.3.4 Surface transfer impedance (triaxial method)
The allowable frequency range is in accordance with the “surface transfer impedance, triaxial method” in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.4.1 Sample
According to GB/T 17737.1 "surface transfer impedance, triaxial method".
6.3.4.2 Device
According to GB/T 17737.1 "surface transfer impedance, triaxial method".
6.3.4.3 Procedure
According to GB/T 17737.1 "surface transfer impedance, triaxial method".
6.3.4.4 Requirements
The requirements for surface transfer impedance are determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
6.3.5 Radiation attenuation
The allowable frequency range is in accordance with “radiation attenuation, absorption clamp method” in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.5.1 Sample
According to "radiation attenuation, absorption clamp method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.5.2 Device
According to "radiation attenuation, absorption clamp method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.5.3 Procedure
According to "radiation attenuation, absorption clamp method" in GB/T 17737.1.
6.3.5.4 Requirements
The requirements for radiation attenuation shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
7 Mechanical properties
7.1 High temperature pressure
7.1.1 Sample
According to 7.1.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
7.1.2 Device
According to 7.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010, the force F of the blade acting on the specimen is obtained by the following formula.
F=0.8× i(2×Di)
In the formula.
F---the vertical resultant force acting on the sample, N;
0.8---factor, N/mm;
D---corresponding maximum cable outer diameter, mm;
i---The nominal value of the corresponding sheath thickness, mm.
When calculating the force, you can round the end of the decimal, but the error should not exceed 3%.
7.1.3 Procedure
According to 7.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, 10 mm on both sides of the indentation point and the indentation, using a measuring device that does not cause deformation of the sample.
The thickness of the sheath is measured. Omit the withstand voltage test.
7.1.4 Requirements
For basic performance cables, the thickness of the indentation zone should not exceed 40% of the average of the other two points.
For high performance cables, the thickness of the indentation zone should not exceed 60% of the average of the other two points.
7.2 Sheath adhesion
7.2.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
7.2.2 Sample
According to 7.2.2 of GB/T 25085-2010, take three 150mm samples from the 3m long cable. Phase between each sample
At a distance of 1 m, the length of the intact sheath retained is 100 mm.
7.2.3 Device
According to 7.2.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, the metal plate has a circular hole approximately equal to the inner diameter of the sheath.
7.2.4 Procedure
According to 7.2.4 of GB/T 25085-2010. If the 100mm jacket is stuck when sliding, you can re-prepare the test.
Repeat this procedure by changing the length of the intact sheath to 50mm.
7.2.5 Requirements
The intact part of the sheath shall be capable of being peeled off without damaging the core, and the peeling force shall be within the range determined by both parties.
7.3 cyclic bending
7.3.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by both the supplier and the buyer.
7.3.2 Sample
Two samples of 600 mm length were taken from points at least 1 m apart.
7.3.3 Installation
The device is shown in Figure 1. Devices that meet the following requirements are acceptable.
--- bending radius R = 2.5 times the outer diameter of the cable;
---load F produces a tension of 5 N/mm 2 on the copper conductor;
--- Fixing device for bending the specimen at a rate of 15 cycles/min ±90°;
--- If using a heavy hammer, use a guide block to stop the swing of the weight.
7.3.4 Procedure
The sample is placed with one end fixed to the bending mechanism and the other end applying a force F. Bend the specimen to supply and demand at a rate of 15 cycles per minute
The number of cycles specified by the parties. Repeat this procedure for the other samples.
In the picture.
1---1 cycles (90° on each side);
2---fulcrum;
3---cable;
4---fixed guide block (optional);
5---load F.
Figure 1 cyclic bending test device
7.3.5 Requirements
The cyclic bending requirement is determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
8 low temperature performance
8.1 Winding
8.1.1 Sample
According to 8.1.1 of GB/T 25085-2010. Remove the 100mm jacket from one end of the cable and remove 25mm insulation from each core.
8.1.2 Device
According to 8.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010. Use a -40 ° C ± 2 ° C freezer (according to the agreement between the supplier and the buyer can use -25 ° C ±
2 ° C). The requirements for mandrel and weight are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Cable outer diameter, mandrel diameter, weight and number of windings
Cable outer diameter D
Mm
Mandrel diameter
Mm
Heavy object (if using a rotating mandrel)
Kg
Minimum number of turns
D≤2.5
2.5 \u003cD≤5
5 \u003cD≤10
10 \u003cD≤15
15 \u003cD≤25
25 \u003cD
≤ 5 times cable outer diameter
0.5
2.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
8.1.3 Procedure
According to 8.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010.
The winding speed is 0.2 r/s, and the number of turns is specified in Table 2. After winding, the outside of the sheath was visually inspected. If the jacket has no cracks
For example, the withstand voltage test is carried out in accordance with 6.2.
If the demand side requires, peel off the sheath without damaging the core, visually check, if there is no cracking, press GB/T 25085-
In.2010, the AC1kV (root mean square) withstand voltage test was performed on the core.
8.1.4 Requirements
The samples showed no signs of cracking and no breakdown occurred during different withstand voltage tests.
8.2 Impact
8.2.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
8.2.2 Sample
Prepare three specimens of at least 150 mm in length. Unless otherwise specified, the specimen shall include a complete sheath, including any existing
Layer jacket.
8.2.3 Installation
According to 8.2.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, the quality of the weight is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 weight quality
Cable outer diameter D
Mm
Weight quality
D≤15 300
15 \u003cD≤25 400
25 \u003cD≤35 500
35 \u003cD 600
8.2.4 Procedure
According to 8.2.4 of GB/T 25085-2010. After the impact, the sample was allowed to return to room temperature and the sheath was visually inspected.
If there is shielding, carry out the withstand voltage test between the shielding and the salt water bath; but for the 6.2.3 procedure of GB/T 25085-2010,
Change under.
--- Before applying voltage, the sample should be immersed in a brine bath for 10 min;
--- Apply AC1kV voltage for 1min;
--- No longer raise the voltage after applying AC1kV voltage.
8.2.5 Requirements
The sample showed no signs of cracking. If shielded, no breakdown should occur during the withstand voltage test.
9 wear resistant
9.1 Test use
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
9.2 Sample
Prepare a 1 m long sample. Strip 100mm long jacket from each end of the cable and strip 25mm long insulation from each end of each core.
Twist the ends of the core together. If there is shielding, the shield should be twisted together with the core.
9.3 device
An 80J garnet belt is used, and the vertical belt edge has a 10 mm long conductive strip at intervals of 75 mm. Fit a suitable one on the axle arm
The bracket (see Figure 2) keeps the specimen in a stable position and is always in an unused area of the belt. Applied to the specimen by the bracket, the support rod and the axle arm
The total force is (0.63 ± 0.05) N. The vertical force exerted on the specimen is the resultant force of the bracket, the axle arm, the support rod and the additional weight. If necessary
To do, you can replace the 4kg weight with a 2kg weight.
In the picture.
1---support rod;
2---4kg additional weight;
3---axis arm;
4---sample;
5---bracket;
6---belt support pin, Φ=6.9mm;
7---80J abrasive belt.
Figure 2 wear test device
9.4 Procedure
Place the cable in a horizontal position as shown in Figure 2. Use unused areas of the friction belt. With additional weight attached, the bracket is pressed
On the sample. The belt was pulled down at the speed of (1500 ± 75) mm/min. Record the length of the belt required to expose the conductor. mobile
The sample was 20 mm and rotated 90° clockwise. Repeat this test to take four readings. The average reading is the wear resistance value.
9.5 Requirements
The wear resistance should meet the limits determined by both the supplier and the buyer.
10 heat aging
10.1 3000h long-term aging
10.1.1 Purpose
This test is used to verify the rated temperature class.
10.1.2 Sample
According to 10.1.2 of GB/T 25085-2010. Strip the 25mm jacket from each end of the cable.
10.1.3 Installation
According to 10.1.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. Mandrel diameter and weight are shown in Table 2.
10.1.4 Procedure
According to 10.1.4 of GB/T 25085-2010. After winding, the outside of the sheath was visually inspected. If there is no sign of cracking on the sheath, press 6.2
It is prescribed to carry out a withstand voltage test.
If the user needs, peel off the sheath without damaging the core, visually check, if there is no cracking, press GB/T 25085-
In.2010, the AC1kV (root mean square) withstand voltage test was performed on the core.
10.1.5 Requirements
According to 10.1.5 of GB/T 25085-2010. The sheath should show no signs of cracking. No breakdown occurred during different withstand voltage tests.
10.2 240h short-term aging
10.2.1 Purpose
This test is used to simulate thermal drift.
10.2.2 Sample
According to 10.2.2 of GB/T 25085-2010. Strip the 25mm long sheath from the cable.
10.2.3 Installation
According to 10.2.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. The mandrel diameter and weight requirements are shown in Table 2.
10.2.4 Procedure
According to 10.2.4 of GB/T 25085-2010. After winding, the surface of the sheath was visually inspected. If there is no sign of cracking on the sheath, press 6.2
It is prescribed to carry out a withstand voltage test.
If the user needs, peel off the sheath without damaging the core, visually check, if there is no sign of cracking, press GB/T 25085-
In.2010, the AC1kV (root mean square) withstand voltage test was performed on the core.
10.2.5 Requirements
According to 10.2.5 of GB/T 25085-2010, the sheath has no signs of cracking. No breakdown should occur in different withstand voltage tests.
10.3 Thermal overload
10.3.1 Purpose
This test is used to simulate the thermal overload conditions of the cable.
10.3.2 Sample
Strip the 25mm long sheath from each end of the cable according to 10.3.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
10.3.3 Device
According to 10.3.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, the mandrel diameter and weight requirements are shown in Table 2.
10.3.4 Procedure
According to 10.3.4 of GB/T 25085-2010, after winding, visually inspect the outside of the sheath. If there is no sign of cracking on the sheath, press 6.2
It is prescribed to carry out a withstand voltage test.
If the demand side requires, peel off the sheath without damaging the core, visually check, if there is no sign of cracking, press GB/T 25085-
In.2010, the AC1kV (root mean square) withstand voltage test was performed on the core.
10.3.5 Requirements
According to 10.3.5 of GB/T 25085-2010, there should be no signs of cracking on the sheath. No breakdown occurred in different withstand voltage tests.
10.4 Sheath heat shrinkage
10.4.1 Sample
Prepare three.200mm long specimens.
10.4.2 Device
According to 10.4.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
10.4.3 Procedure
According to 10.4.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. The contraction of the sheath is measured.
10.4.4 Requirements
Determined by negotiation between the supply and demand sides.
11 Environmental and chemical resistance
11.1 Sheath resistant to liquid
11.1.1 Sample
According to 11.2.2.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
11.1.2 Device
According to 11.2.2.2 of GB/T 25085-2010. During impregnation of the cable, the bend diameter should be at least ten times the outer diameter of the cable. Mandrel straight
See Table 2 for the requirements for diameter and weight.
Note. The source of the material is determined by the supplier and the buyer. If the same result can be confirmed, the equivalent product can be used.
11.1.3 Procedure
According to 11.2.2.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, the withstand voltage test is omitted.
11.1.4 Requirements
After winding, the specimen should show no cracking. Other requirements are determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
11.2 Sheath Mark Durability
The test is determined according to GB/T 25085-201011.3 by both parties.
11.3 Sheath resistant to ozone
11.3.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
11.3.2 Sample
According to 11.4.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
11.3.3 Installation
According to 11.4.3 of GB/T 25085-2010, the mandrel and weight requirements are shown in Table 2.
11.3.4 Procedure
According to 11.4.4 of GB/T 25085-2010. The sample is wound on a mandrel, and the sample having a diameter of not more than 10 mm is wound three times in diameter.
Samples larger than 10 mm are wound one and a half times.
11.3.5 Requirements
According to 11.4.5 of GB/T 25085-2010. Check only the outside of the jacket.
11.4 Temperature and humidity alternation
11.4.1 Test adoption
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
11.4.2 Sample
Prepare two 600mm long specimens.
11.4.3 Installation
The test box is in accordance with 11.6.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. The mandrel diameter is shown in Table 2.
11.4.4 Procedure
The sample is wound on the mandrel, and the sample having a diameter of not more than 10 mm is wound three times, and the sample having a diameter of more than 10 mm is wound one and a half times, and
Fix its end. Sample pretreatment procedures are shown in GB/T 25085-2010. Perform a visual inspection of the jacket, negligible end fixing due to the fixture
Into the damage.
11.4.5 Requirements
The specimen shall show no signs of cracking.
12 anti-flame retardant
12.1 Sample
According to 12.1 of GB/T 25085-2010.
12.2 device
According to 12.2 of GB/T 25085-2010.
12.3 Procedure
According to 12.3 of GB/T 25085-2010. All cables are flamed for 30 s.
12.4 Requirements
According to 12.4 of GB/T 25085-2010.
13 Artificial atmospheric aging
Whether or not to adopt this test shall be determined by negotiation between the supplier and the buyer.
13.1 Sample
Ten tensile specimens were taken from the cable sheath to be tested according to GB/T 2951.11.
13.2 Device
According to GB/T 16422.2, use ultraviolet radiation box, with a (55 ± 3) °C xenon arc lamp, circulating water spray (5min water spray and 25min
The drying interval, or 12 min and 180 min, respectively, and the relative humidity at the drying interval was (50 ± 5)%.
13.3 Procedure
Five samples were taken and placed in the test chamber for 750 h. Then take the sample out of the test chamber and allow it to return to room temperature, then
The tensile test was carried out in accordance with GB/T 2951.11 together with the other five samples.
13.4 Requirements
After artificial atmospheric aging, the elongation should not be less than 50% of the original elongation.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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