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GB/T 24180-2020 PDF English


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GB/T 24180-2020English405 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. Cold-reduced Electrolytic Chromium / Chromium Oxide Coated Steel Sheet and Strip Valid
GB/T 24180-2009English479 Add to Cart 3 days Cold-reduced electrolytic chromium/chromium oxide coated steel sheet and strip Obsolete


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GB/T 24180-2020: PDF in English (GBT 24180-2020)

GB/T 24180-2020 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.140.50 H 46 Replacing GB/T 24180-2009 Cold-reduced Electrolytic Chromium / Chromium Oxide Coated Steel Sheet and Strip ISSUED ON: JUNE 2, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 1, 2020 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of Contents Foreword ... 3  1 Scope ... 5  2 Normative References ... 5  3 Terms and Definitions ... 7  4 Classification and Codes, Designations and Labels ... 7  5 Order Content ... 8  6 Dimensions, Shapes and Weights ... 8  7 Technical Requirements ... 16  8 Test Methods ... 21  9 Inspection Rules ... 23  10 Packaging, Marking and Quality Certificate ... 23  11 A Comparison of Similar Quenching and Tempering Degree Codes between this Standard and Relevant International Standards ... 24  Appendix A (normative) Rebound Test Method for Secondary Cold-reduced Sheet ... 25  Appendix B (normative) Test Method for the Amount of Metal Chromium Coating on the Surface of Chromium Coated Sheet ... 27  Appendix C (normative) Test Method for the Amount of Chromium Oxide Coating on the Surface of Chromium Coated Sheet ... 35  Appendix D (normative) Conversion Table of HR15TSm and HR30TSm ... 42  Appendix E (informative) A Comparison of Quenching and Tempering Degree Codes (or steel grade codes) between This Standard and Relevant International Standards ... 43  Bibliography ... 44  Cold-reduced Electrolytic Chromium / Chromium Oxide Coated Steel Sheet and Strip 1 Scope This Standard specifies the classification and codes, designations and labels, dimensions, shapes, weights, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, marking and quality certificate of cold-reduced electrolytic chromium / chromium oxide coated steel sheet and strip. This Standard is applicable to primary cold-reduced electrolytic chromium / chromium oxide coated steel sheet and strip with a nominal thickness of 0.14 mm ~ 0.80 mm, as well as secondary cold-reduced electrolytic chromium / chromium oxide coated steel sheet and strip with a nominal thickness of 0.12 mm ~ 0.36 mm (hereinafter referred to as steel sheet and strip). 2 Normative References The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 222 Permissible Tolerances for Chemical Composition of Steel Products GB/T 223.5 Steel and Iron - Determination of Acid-soluble Silicon and Total Silicon Content - Reduced Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.9 Iron Steel and Alloy - Determination of Aluminum Content - Chrome Azurol S Photometric Method GB/T 223.11 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Chromium Content - Visual Titration or Potentiometric Titration Method GB/T 223.18 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The Sodium Thiosulfate Separation Iodimetric Method for the Determination of Copper Content GB/T 223.23 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Nickel Content - The Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.26 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Molybdenum Content - The Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.29 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Lead Content - Carrier Precipitation-xylenol Orange Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.31 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Arsenic Content - Distillation- molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.59 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Phosphorus Content - Bismuth Phosphomolybdate Blue Spectrophotometric Method and Antimony Phosphomolybdate Blue Spectrophotometric Method GB/T 223.64 Iron, Steel and Alloy - Determination of Manganese Content - Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method GB/T 228.1-2010 Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing - Part 1: Method of Test at Room Temperature GB/T 230.1 Metallic Materials - Rockwell Hardness Test - Part 1: Test Method GB/T 247 General Rule of Package Mark and Certification for Steel Plates (sheets) and Strips GB/T 708 Dimension, Shape, Weight and Tolerance for Cold-rolled Steel Plate GB/T 2520 Cold-reduced Electrolytic Tinplate GB/T 2523 Measuring Method of Surface Roughness and Peak Count for Cold-rolled Metal Sheet (strip) GB/T 4336 Standard Test Method for Spark Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis of Carbon and Low-alloy Steel (routine method) GB/T 6730.79 Iron Ores - Determination of Cadmium Content - Hydride Generation - Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric Method GB/T 8170 Rules of Rounding off for Numerical Values & Expression and Judgement of Limiting Values GB/T 16597 Analytical Methods of Metallurgical Products - General Rule for X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometric Methods GB/T 17505 Steel and Steel Products - General Technical Delivery Requirements GB/T 20066 Steel and Iron - Sampling and Preparation of Samples for the Determination of Chemical Composition GB/T 20123 Steel and Iron - Determination of Total Carbon and Sulfur Content - Infrared Absorption Method after Combustion in an Induction Furnace (routine method) GB/T 20125 Low-alloy Steel - Determination of Multi-element Contents - Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric Method 6.1.3 In terms of steel strip, the dimensions are expressed in thickness  width in millimeters (mm). The letter C may also be added after the number indicating the rolling width. Example: 0.26  832C. 6.1.4 The inner diameter of steel coils is 406 mm, 420 mm, 450 mm or 508 mm. 6.2 Permissible Deviations for Dimensions 6.2.1 Thickness 6.2.1.1 The thickness of steel sheet and strip shall satisfy the following requirements: a) The deviation of thickness measured at the centerline position in the width direction from the nominal thickness shall not exceed ± 5% of the nominal thickness. b) The deviation of thickness measured at a position not less than 6 mm from the side in the width direction from the nominal thickness is -8% ~ +5% of the nominal thickness. c) When the quantity of delivery is greater than 10,000 pieces of steel sheet (or steel coils of equal length), the permissible deviation between the average thickness of all steel sheets and the nominal thickness shall not exceed ± 2% of the nominal thickness. 6.2.1.2 The measurement of thickness is carried out with a micrometer with an accuracy of 0.001 mm. The measurement result shall be rounded off to 0.001 mm. The thickness measurement position is any point not less than 6 mm from the side in the width direction. 6.2.2 Thin edge 6.2.2.1 Thin edge is the thickness change of steel sheet and strip along the width direction. It is characterized by thickness reduction occurring near the edge of steel sheet and strip. The deviation between the thickness measured at 6 mm from both sides of the width direction of the steel sheet and strip and the actual thickness measured along the centerline of the width direction of the steel sheet and strip shall not exceed 6.0% of the actual thickness measured at the centerline position. 6.2.2.2 In terms of the measurement of thin edge, use a micrometer to measure 3 points on the same straight line perpendicular to the rolling direction. The 3 measured points are located along the straight line and respectively at the center of the width and 6 mm from the two rolling width cutting edges. 6.2.3 Width Figure 9 -- Sampling Location 8.3 For the hardness test, a sample is usually determined at 3 points. When the range of the 3 points (namely, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value) is greater than 1.0, then, 2 additional points shall be added to the determination. Then, remove the maximum value and the minimum value of the 5 points; calculate the average value of the 3 points as the test value. When objections are raised to the determination result, remove the chromium-plated coating, then, re-determine it. If objections are raised to the determined value due to the affect of surface roughness, grind the sample surface, then, re-determine it. 8.4 When the nominal thickness of steel sheets and strips is less than 0.20 mm, the determination of hardness shall adopt HR15TSm, then, convert it to HR30TSm in accordance with the stipulations of Appendix D. 9 Inspection Rules 9.1 The inspection and acceptance inspection of steel sheets and strips shall be carried out by the supply-side’s quality inspection department. 9.2 Steel sheets and strips shall be inspected in batches. Each inspection batch shall be constituted of steel sheets or strips of the same designation, the same specification and the same surface status. The weight of each batch shall not exceed 60 t. 9.3 The sampling size and sampling location of each batch of steel sheets and strips shall comply with the stipulations of Table 8. 9.4 The re-inspection of steel sheets and strips shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 17505. 9.5 The inspection results of chemical composition and mechanical properties shall be rounded off through the value rounding-off and comparison method. The value rounding-off rules shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 8170. 10 Packaging, Marking and Quality Certificate The packaging, marking and quality certificate of steel sheets and strips shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T 247. Appendix A (normative) Rebound Test Method for Secondary Cold-reduced Sheet A.1 Principle Firstly, measure the thickness of the rectangular test piece. Make a 180° bend around the cylindrical mandrel, then, loosen it to measure the rebound angle. It provides a simple and convenient method for the evaluation of the yield strength of secondary cold-reduced sheet. A.2 Sample From each piece of sample steel sheet of secondary cold-reduced electrolytic chromium coated sheet, along the rolling direction at the edge and in the middle, take two 200 mm  25 mm samples. The distance between the edge sample and the edge of the steel sheet is not less than 25 mm. A.3 Test A.3.1 Test instrument Rebound tester. A.3.2 Test Procedures A.3.2.1 Measure the thickness of the sample, accurate to 0.001 mm. A.3.2.2 Insert the sample into the rebound tester. Use moderate pressure to tighten the clamping screw; fix the sample in the test position. A.3.2.3 Stably swing the builder arm, so that the sample is bent 180° around the axis. A.3.2.4 Return the builder arm to the starting position. Along the sample, directly observe, read and record the rebound angle. Then, remove the sample. A.3.2.5 In accordance with the measured value of the sample thickness and the rebound angle, on the nomogram matched with the rebound tester, measure the rebound index (SBI). A.3.2.6 In order to ensure the accuracy of the test results, a standard sample or another reference rebound tester shall be used to calibrate the rebound tester being used. A.4 Test Result Report dissolve it in 100 mL of deionized water. B.4.1.2.8 NaNO2 solution (2 g/L): weigh-take 0.2 g of analytically pure sodium nitrite; dissolve it in 100 mL of deionized water. B.4.1.2.9 Urea solution (200 g/L): weigh-take 20 g of analytically pure urea; use deionized water to dissolve it and reach a constant volume of 100 mL. B.4.1.2.10 Diphenylcarbazide solution (2.5 g/L): weigh-take 0.25 g of diphenylcarbazide; dissolve it in 100 mL of analytically pure acetone. This reagent should be prepared for immediate use. B.4.1.2.11 Hexavalent chromium standard solution (1,000 mg/L): a commercially available national standard solution. B.4.1.2.12 Hexavalent chromium standard solution (10 mg/L): use a transfer pipette to accurately dispense 10.0 mL of hexavalent chromium standard solution (1,000 mg/L); reach a constant volume in a 1,000 mL volumetric flask. B.4.1.3 Operating procedures B.4.1.3.1 Add 25 mL of NaOH solution (40 g/L) to a conical flask. Add 1 drop of phenolphthalein (1%) indicator; use H2SO4 solution (1+3) to titrate it, until the red color of the indicator just fades. Then, record the volume of the consumed sulfuric acid VH2SO4 (mL). B.4.1.3.2 Take an appropriate amount of NaOH solution (300 g/L); on an electric heating plate or electric furnace, heat it up to 90 °C. Then, put the sample into it. Maintain it immersed and heated for 5 min ~ 10 min. Dissolve it to remove the chromium oxide coating on the surface of the sample. B.4.1.3.3 Take out the sample which has the chromium oxide coating peeled off. Put it into the electrolysis device as shown in Figure B.1. Take the sample as an anode. Add 25 mL of NaOH solution (40 g/L) as the electrolytic solution. At the current density of 0.4 mA/cm2 ~ 2.5 mA/cm2, carry out electrolysis at room temperature. When small bubbles emerge from the sample, stop the electrolysis. B.4.1.3.4 Transfer all the electrolyte to a 100 mL volumetric flask. Rinse the sample, the electrode and electrolytic cell. Incorporate all the rinsing fluid into the volumetric flask. Add the H2SO4 solution (1+3) VH2SO4 (mL) obtained through the test in B.4.1.3.1. Use deionized water to reach a constant volume to the scale, then, shake it well. NOTE: since alkali will corrode glass container, and the dispensed test solution consumes about 0.5 mL of H2SO4 solution (1+3), it is quite difficult to adjust the acidity. Meanwhile, neutral solution makes it easy for dispensing and rinsing. B.4.1.3.5 From the above-mentioned constant-volume electrolyte, dispense 20.0 mL The test result shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (B.2). Where, WCr---the content of metal chromium, expressed in (mg/m2); t---the electrolysis time, expressed in (s); I---the electrolysis current, expressed in (mA); A---the area of electrolytic stripping, expressed in (cm2). 0.8981 = 52/6  1/96485  10000 (in which, 52 is the relative atomic mass of chromium; 6 is the number of electrons transferred from Cr0 to Cr6+; 96485 is the Faraday constant; 10000 is coefficient converted from cm2 to m2 of test area). B.4.3 X-ray fluorescence method B.4.3.1 Instrument X-ray fluorescence instrument that complies with the requirements of GB/T 16597. B.4.3.2 Instrument conditions The target material of the X-ray tube shall be made of materials suitable for the determination of metal chromium. The setting of tube voltage and tube current shall consider the lowest excitation voltage of X-ray fluorescence and the counting loss of the determination. The selection of slits, spectroscopic crystals and detectors shall consider the transition energy of the X-ray fluorescence being determined and the measurement range of chromium element. B.4.3.3 Operating procedures B.4.3.3.1 Take an appropriate amount of NaOH solution (300 g/L); on an electric heating plate or electric furnace, heat it up to 90 °C. Then, put the sample into it. Maintain it immersed and heated for 5 min ~ 10 min. Dissolve it to remove the chromium oxide coating on the surface of the sample. B.4.3.3.2 Correctly place the above-mentioned sample in the sample box of the X-ray fluorescence instrument. Use the set instrument conditions to irradiate the test piece with X-ray fluorescence, so as to determine the X-ray fluorescence intensity of chromium. B.4.3.3.3 Immerse the above-mentioned sample into H2SO4 solution (1+3) for 3 min ~ 5 min, so as to completely remove the metal chromium on the surface of the sample. Appendix C (normative) Test Method for the Amount of Chromium Oxide Coating on the Surface of Chromium Coated Sheet C.1 General Rules This Appendix applies to the detection of the amount of chromium oxide coating on the surface of chromium coated sheet. C.2 Outline This Appendix includes the following three test methods: --- Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method: immerse the chromium-plated sample in a hot sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the chromium oxide coating on the lower surface. After oxidizing the chromium in the solution to hexavalent chromium, use diphenylcarbazide for chromogenic reaction. Use a spectrophotometer to determine the absorbance, so as to obtain the amount of chromium oxide coating of the sample. ---X-ray fluorescence method: firstly, determine the X-ray fluorescence intensity of chromium on the surface of the sample, then, immerse the chromium-plated sample in a hot hydroxide solution to remove the chromium oxide coating on the surface. Then, determine the X-ray fluorescence intensity of the sample. Through the difference between the two intensities, calculate the amount of chromium oxide coating of the sample. --- Electrolytic stripping method: in phosphate buffer solution, through the constant electrolysis current, oxide the sample to generate a potential jump. Measure the electrolysis time. Through the working curve, calculate the amount of chromium oxide. C.3 Sample The sample to be tested is square or circular. Specifically speaking, the stripping area of the diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method and the electrolytic stripping method is not less than 700 mm2; for the sample of the X-ray fluorescence method, the area irradiated by X-ray fluorescence is not less than 700 mm2. C.4 Test Methods C.4.1 Diphenylcarbazide spectrophotometric method C.4.1.1 Instruments C.4.1.2.9 Diphenylcarbazide solution (2.5 g/L): weigh-take 0.25 g of diphenylcarbazide; dissolve it in 100 mL of analytically pure acetone. This reagent should be prepared for immediate use. C.4.1.2.10 Hexavalent chromium standard solution (1,000 mg/L): a commercially available national standard solution. C.4.1.2.11 Hexavalent chromium standard solution (10 mg/L): use a transfer pipette to accurately dispense 10.0 mL of hexavalent chromium standard solution (1,000 mg/L); reach a constant volume in a 1,000 mL volumetric flask. C.4.1.3 Operating procedures C.4.1.3.1 Add 15 mL of NaOH solution (300 g/L) to a conical flask. Add 1 drop of phenolphthalein (1%) indicator; use H2SO4 solution (1+3) to titrate it, until the red color of the indicator just fades. Then, record the volume of the consumed sulfuric acid VH2SO4 (mL). C.4.1.3.2 In accordance with the mode shown in Figure C.1, properly install the sample. Add 15 mL of hot NaOH solution (300 g/L), then, put the device into a water bath kettle (at 90 °C) to heat it up for 5 min ~ 10 min, until the chromium oxide coating on the surface of the sample completely dissolves. C.4.1.3.3 Transfer all the above-mentioned dissolved solution to a beaker. Add the H2SO4 solution (1+3) VH2SO4 (mL) obtained through the test in C.4.1.3.1. Use deionized water to reach a constant volume to the scale. Then, add 3 mL of sulfur-phosphorous mixed acid. C.4.1.3.4 Heat up and boil the test solution. Then, add 2 mL of KMnO4 solution (5 g/L). Continue to boil it for 3 min ~ 4 min to oxidize all chromium to Cr6+. After the test solution cools down, add 10 mL of urea solution (200 g/L); shake it well. Then, while stirring it, dropwise add NaNO2 solution [firstly, dropwise add NaNO2 solution (20 g/L); wait till the color of the test solution changes from dark purple red to light purple red, then, change to dropwise addition of NaNO2 solution (2 g/L)], until the test solution becomes colorless and transparent. C.4.1.3.5 Transfer the above-mentioned test solution to a 100 mL volumetric flask. Use deionized water to dilute it to about 80 mL. Thoroughly shake the test solution in the volumetric flask; drive off the gas in the test solution. Add 3 mL of diphenylcarbazide solution (2.5 g/L), shake it well, so that the chromogenic reaction of the test solution manifests light red. Then, use deionized water to reach a constant volume to the scale. C.4.1.3.6 After the above-mentioned test solution is placed still for 2 min, use a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance at 540 nm. From the calibration curve prepared on the spectrophotometer, measure the chromium content (mg/100 mL) of the test solution. fluorescence, so as to determine the X-ray fluorescence intensity of chromium. C.4.2.3.2 Take an appropriate amount of NaOH solution (300 g/L); on an electric heating plate or electric furnace, heat it up to 90 °C. Then, put the above-mentioned sample into it. Maintain it immersed and heated for 5 min ~ 10 min. Dissolve it to remove the chromium oxide coating on the surface of the sample. C.4.2.3.3 Correctly place the above-mentioned sample in the sample box of the X-ray fluorescence instrument. Use the set instrument conditions to irradiate the test piece with X-ray fluorescence, so as to re-determine the X-ray fluorescence intensity of chromium. C.4.2.3.4 Calculate the difference between the above-mentioned two X-ray fluorescence intensities of chromium. On the X-ray fluorescence calibration curve that has already been prepared, obtain the amount of chromium oxide coating of the sample. C.4.2.4 Drawing of calibration curve By measuring the X-ray fluorescence intensity of a chromium-plated sheet sample with a gradient distribution of already-known metal chromium content, draw a calibration curve. By periodically measuring the X-ray fluorescence intensity of the sample used for calibration, calibrate the curve. C.4.3 Electrolytic stripping method C.4.3.1 Electrolysis device and electrolysis conditions C.4.3.1.1 The electrolysis device and circuit composition are shown in Figure C.2. C.4.3.1.2 The electrolysis conditions are as follows: a) Electrolyte: take 15.3 g of Na2HPO412H2O and 2.09 g of NaH2PO42H2O; dissolve it in 1,000 mL of distilled water or deionized water. The pH value of this solution shall be 6 ~ 8; b) Electrolysis temperature: normal temperature; c) Electrolysis constant current: 50 μA/cm2. ......
 
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