GB/T 219-2008 PDF in English
GB/T 219-2008 (GB/T219-2008, GBT 219-2008, GBT219-2008)
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 219-2008 | English | 105 |
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Determination of fusibility of coal ash
| Valid |
| GB/T 219-1996 | English | 319 |
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Determination of fusibility of coal ash
| Obsolete |
| GB 219-1974 | English | 199 |
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Methods for determination of fusibility of coal ashes
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 219-2008
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GB/T 219-2008: PDF in English (GBT 219-2008) GB/T 219-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.040
D 21
Replacing GB/T 219-1996, GB/T 18856.10-2002
Determination of fusibility of coal ash
(ISO 540:1995, Solid mineral fuels - Determination of fusibility of ash - High-
temperature tube method, MOD)
ISSUED ON: JULY 29, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Method summary ... 6
5 Reagents and materials ... 6
6 Instrument and equipment ... 8
7 Test conditions ... 10
8 Ash cone preparation ... 10
9 Determination procedure ... 11
10 Inspection of weak reducing atmosphere ... 12
11 Precision ... 13
12 Test report ... 13
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of clause numbers between this standard
and ISO 540:1995 (E) ... 14
Appendix B (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO
540:1995 (E) and their reasons ... 15
Foreword
This standard modifies and adopts ISO 540:1995 (E) "Solid mineral fuels -
Determination of fusibility of ash - High-temperature tube method" (English
version).
This standard was redrafted according to ISO 540:1995 (E). This Appendix A
lists the comparison of the clause number between this standard and the clause
number of ISO 540:1995.
Considering the national conditions of our country, when adopting ISO
540:1995 (E), this standard has made some modifications. The relevant
technical differences have been compiled into the main text and marked with a
single vertical line in the margins of the clauses they involve. A list of these
technical differences and their reasons is given in Appendix B for reference.
For ease of use, it also made some editorial changes of ISO 540:1995(E).
This standard replaces GB/T 219-1996 "Determination of fusibility of coal ash",
meanwhile incorporate the contents of GB/T 18856.10-2002 "Test methods for
quality of coal water mixture - Part 10: Determination for fusibility of ash of coal
water mixture" into this standard.
Compared with GB/T 219-1996, the main changes of this standard are as
follows:
- ADD coal slurry to the scope of application;
- ADD the provision for calibrating thermocouples and pyrometers (clause
6.2 of this edition);
- CORRECT the printing error of the gas flow in the 1996 edition (see 7.1.1.1);
- ADD the provisions on the use of the automatic measuring instrument
(clause 9.3 of this edition).
Appendix A and Appendix B of this standard are informative appendixes.
This standard was proposed by the China Coal Industry Association.
This standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Coal
Standardization Technical Committee.
Drafting organization of this standard: Coal Analysis Laboratory of China Coal
Research Institute.
The main drafters of this standard: Han Liting, Duan Yunlong, Wang Wenliang.
Determination of fusibility of coal ash
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definition, method summary, reagents and
materials, instruments and equipment, test conditions, measurement
procedures and precision of the determination of fusibility of coal ash.
This standard applies to lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite and coal slurry.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 212 Proximate analysis of coal (GB/T 212-2008, ISO 11722-1999, ISO
1171-1997, ISO 562:1998, NEQ)
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Deformation temperature
DT
The temperature at which the tip or edge of the ash cone begins to round or
bend (Figure 1, DT).
Figure 1 -- Schematic diagram of melting characteristics of ash cone
Note: If the tip of the ash cone remains the original shape, the cone shrinkage and
Original shape
a small sharp knife to carefully push the ash cone in the mold onto the porcelain
or glass plate. Dry it in the air or at 60 °C for later use.
Note: Except for the dextrin solution, it may use water or the 100 g/L soluble starch
(5.11) solution for the plastic of coal ash.
9 Determination procedure
9.1 Determination in a weak reducing atmosphere
Use dextrin solution (5.1) to adjust a small amount of magnesium oxide (5.2)
into a paste. Use it to fix the ash cone in the triangle pit of the ash cone pallet
(5.8). Make the ash cone perpendicular to the side of the bottom and the surface
of the pallet.
Place the pallet with ash cone on the corundum boat (5.7). If the carbon sealing
method is used to generate a weakly reducing atmosphere, a sufficient amount
of carbon substance (5.3) shall be placed in the boat in advance. The type and
amount of carbon substances as sealed in the furnace are determined by the
test method according to the furnace size and tightness.
For the high-temperature furnace as shown in Figure 4, graphite powder (15 ~
20)g can be generally placed in the center of the corundum boat; anthracite (40
~ 50)g is placed at both ends (for gas-sparse high-corundum tube furnace) or
graphite powder (5 ~ 6)g (for gas-tight corundum tube furnace) is placed in the
center of the corundum boat.
Open the lid of the high-temperature furnace (6.1) and slowly push the
corundum boat into the furnace, until the ash cone is located in the high-
temperature zone and is close to the hot end of the thermocouple (6.2) (about
2 mm apart).
Close the furnace lid, start heating and control the heating rate as follows:
Below 900 °C, (15 ~ 20) °C/min;
Above 900 °C, (5 ± 1) °C/min.
If the ventilation method is used to generate a weakly reducing atmosphere,
hydrogen or mixed gas of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide shall be
introduced from 600 °C (7.1.1.1); the ventilation rate shall avoid the air
infiltration.
The linear velocity of the gas flowing through the ash cone is not less than 400
mm/min. For the high-temperature furnace as shown in Figure 4, it can be (800
~ 1000) mL/mm.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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