GB 8408-2018 PDF in English
GB 8408-2018 (GB8408-2018) PDF English
Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivered in | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
GB 8408-2018 | English | 305 |
Add to Cart
|
0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery.
|
Large-scale amusement device safety code
| Valid |
GB 8408-2008 | English | 125 |
Add to Cart
|
0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery.
|
[Newer GB 8408-2018] Amusement device safety code
| Obsolete |
GB 8408-2000 | English | 959 |
Add to Cart
|
6 days
|
Safety of amusement machines and amusement park equipments [including MODIFICATION 1]
| Obsolete |
GB 8408-1987 | English | RFQ |
ASK
|
3 days
|
Safety standard of amusement machines and amusement park equipments
| Obsolete |
Standards related to (historical): GB 8408-2018
PDF Preview
GB 8408-2018: PDF in English GB 8408-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.200.40
Y 57
Replacing GB 8408-2008
Large-scale amusement device safety code
ISSUED ON. MAY 14, 2018
IMPLEMENTED ON. DECEMBER 01, 2018
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 11
4 General ... 11
4.1 Basic requirements ... 11
4.2 Risk assessment ... 12
5 Materials and fasteners ... 12
5.1 Commonly used steel ... 12
5.2 Commonly used non-ferrous metals ... 13
5.3 Non-metallic materials ... 14
5.4 Fasteners ... 16
6 Design ... 17
6.1 Basic design requirements ... 17
6.2 Design calculation ... 24
6.3 Speed and acceleration ... 27
6.4 Welding design ... 32
6.5 Structural design ... 36
6.6 Transmission system ... 37
6.7 Electrical and control system ... 40
6.8 Passenger carrying system ... 44
6.9 Safety devices and measures ... 53
7 Manufacturing and installation ... 58
7.1 Basic requirements ... 58
7.2 Welding ... 58
7.3 Heat treatment ... 61
7.4 Assembly ... 61
7.5 In-factory test ... 62
7.6 Coating ... 63
7.7 Packaging and transportation... 63
7.8 Foundation and ancillary facilities of devices ... 63
7.9 Field installation ... 65
7.10 On-site commissioning and trail run ... 67
7.11 Non-destructive testing ... 68
7.12 Inspection ... 71
8 Use management and maintenance ... 73
8.1 Safety operation management system and responsibility of amusement
Parks ... 73
8.2 Requirements for passengers ... 74
8.3 Operational behaviors ... 74
8.4 Emergency rescue ... 78
8.5 Maintenance, repair and renovation ... 78
8.6 Regular inspection according to law ... 79
Annex A (informative) Catalogue of national and industry standards for
commonly used steels ... 80
Annex B (normative) Requirements for mechanical properties of non-metallic
materials ... 83
Annex C (normative) Requirements for the performance level of commonly
used bolts and nuts ... 85
Annex D (informative) Load combination examples ... 87
Annex E (informative) Limit state design method ... 88
Annex F (informative) Welded joint forms ... 92
Large-scale amusement device safety code
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the basic safety requirements for the general rules,
materials and fasteners, design, manufacturing and installation, use
management and maintenance of large-scale amusement devices (hereinafter
referred to as amusement devices).
This Standard applies to large-scale amusement devices.
This Standard does not apply to competitive sport devices and fitness devices.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
GB/T 699 Quality carbon structure steels
GB/T 709-2006 Dimension, shape, weight and tolerances for hot-rolled steel
plates and sheets
GB/T 715 Hot-rolled round carbon steel bars for standard parts
GB/T 983 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of stainless and
heat-resisting steels
GB/T 985.1 Recommended joint preparation for gas welding, manual metal
arc welding, gas-shield arc welding and beam welding
GB/T 985.2 Recommended joint preparation for submerged arc welding
GB/T 1173 Casting aluminium alloys
GB/T 1176 Casting copper and copper alloys
GB/T 1231 Specifications of high strength bolts with large hexagon head,
large hexagon nuts, plain washers for steel structures
GB/T 1243 Short-pitch transmission precision roller and bush chains,
attachments and associated chain sprockets
GB/T 1527 Drawn tube of copper and copper alloys
GB/T 2040 Sheet of copper and copper alloy
GB/T 2059 Strips of copper and copper alloys
GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 3077 Alloy structure steels
GB 3096 Environmental quality standards for noise
GB/T 3098 (all parts) Mechanical properties of fasteners
GB/T 3190 Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy - Chemical composition
GB/T 3191 Aluminium and aluminium alloys extruded bars, rods
GB/T 3621 Titanium and titanium alloy plate and sheet
GB/T 3624 Titanium and titanium alloy seamless tubes
GB/T 3766 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for
systems and their components
GB/T 3811-2008 Design rules for cranes
GB/T 3880 (all parts) Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy plates, sheets
and strips for general engineering
GB/T 4423 Copper and copper-alloy cold-drawn rod and bar
GB 4706.1-2005 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part
1. General requirements
GB/T 4842 Argon
GB/T 5117 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy
and fine grain steels
GB/T 5118 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of creep-
resisting steels
GB 5226.1-2008 Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines -
Part 1. General requirements
GB/T 5293 Carbon steel electrodes and flux for submerged arcwelding
GB/T 5313 Steel plates with through-thickness characteristics
GB 5725 Safety nets
GB/T 6829 General requirements for residual current operated protective
devices
GB/T 6892 Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys extruded profiles for
general engineering
GB/T 6893 Aluminium and aluminium alloys cold drawn (rolled) seamless
tubes
GB/T 7134 Poly (methyl methacrylate) cast sheets
GB/T 8110 Welding electrodes and rods for gas shielding arc welding of
carbon and low alloy steel
GB/T 8918 Steel wire ropes for important purposes
GB/T 9438 Aluminum alloy castings
GB/T 10045 Carbon steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding
GB/T 12470 Low-alloy steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical
product
GB 13495.1-2015 Fire safety signs - Part 1. Signs
GB/T 13808 Wrought copper and copper alloys - Extruded rods and bars
GB/T 13955 Installation and operation of residual current operated protective
devices
GB/T 14957 Steel wires for melt welding
GB/T 15115 Die casting aluminum alloys
GB 15763 (all parts) Safety glazing materials in building
GB/T 17493 Low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding
GB/T 19418 Arc-welded joints in steel - Guidance on quality levels for
imperfections
GB/T 20306 Amusement devices terminology
GB/T 34370.1 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 1.
General requirement
GB/T 34370.2 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 2.
Visual examination
GB/T 34370.3 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 3.
Magnetic particle testing
GB/T 34370.4 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 4.
Penetrant testing
GB/T 34370.5 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 5.
Ultrasonic testing
GB/T 34370.6 Nondestructive testing of amusement equipment - Part 6.
Radiographic testing
GB 50005 Standard for design of timber structures
GB 50007 Code for design of building foundation
GB 50009 Load code for the design of building structures
GB 50010 Code for design of concrete structures
GB 50011 Code for seismic design of buildings
GB 50017 Code for design of steel structures
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB/T 50065 Code for design of ac electrical installations earthing
GB 50135 Code for design of high-rising structures
GB 50169 Code for construction and acceptance of grounding connection
electric equipment installation engineering
GB 50202 Code for acceptance of construction quality of building foundation
GB 50204 Code for quality acceptance of concrete structure construction
GB 50206 Code for acceptance of construction quality of timber structures
GB 50231-2009 General code for construction and acceptance of
mechanical equipment installation engineering
GB 50545 Code for design of 110 KV ~ 750 KV overhead transmission line
GB 50661-2011 Code for welding of steel structures
JB/T 3223 Quality management specification for welding materials
JB/T 5000.12 Heavy mechanical general techniques and standards - Part 12.
Paint
NB/T 47014 Welding procedure qualification for pressure equipment
NB/T 47015-2011 Welding specification for pressure vessels
TSG Z6002 Examination rules for welding operators of special equipment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T
20306 apply.
4 General
4.1 Basic requirements
4.1.1 The design, manufacturing, installation and use of amusement devices
shall ensure personal safety.
4.1.2 Other requirements not mentioned in this Standard shall be implemented
in accordance with the specifications of relevant national laws and regulations,
safety technical specifications and standards.
4.1.3 Amusement devices shall be set up with product nameplates at prominent
locations. The nameplate of products shall include at least the name of the
manufacturing organization and the manufacturing address, the manufacturing
license number, the device type, the product number, the manufacturing date
and major technical parameters.
4.1.4 The manufacturing, installation, renovation and repair organizations of
amusement devices shall obtain the permission according to laws before
engaging in the corresponding activities, and shall be responsible for the quality
of the manufacturing, installation, renovation and repair. The operation and use
organization of amusement devices is responsible for the use safety of the
amusement devices.
4.1.5 When adopting new techniques, new methods, new materials and new
amusement devices that are not listed or exceed the scope of this Standard,
5.2.2.1 The chemical compositions of aluminum and aluminum alloys shall
comply with the specifications of GB/T 3190. The mechanical properties of the
processed products shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 3191, GB/T
3880 (all parts), GB/T 6892 and GB/T 6893.
5.2.2.2 The chemical composition and mechanical properties of casting
aluminum alloys shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 1173. The
chemical composition and mechanical properties of die casting aluminum alloys
shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 15115. Aluminum alloy castings
shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 9438.
5.2.3 Titanium and titanium alloy plates and sheets
The mechanical properties of titanium and titanium alloy plates and sheets shall
comply with the specifications of GB/T 3621. The mechanical properties of
titanium and titanium alloy tubes shall comply with the specifications of GB/T
3624.
5.2.4 Copper and copper alloys
5.2.4.1 The chemical composition and mechanical properties of copper and
copper alloy plates and sheets shall comply with the specifications of GB/T
2040 and GB/T 2059. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of
tubes shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 1527. The mechanical
properties of bars shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 4423 and GB/T1
3808.
5.2.4.2 The chemical composition and mechanical properties of casting copper
alloys shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 1176.
5.3 Non-metallic materials
5.3.1 Basic requirements
The non-metallic materials used shall comply with the specifications of the
relevant national standards, and their mechanical properties, anti-aging
properties, environmental performance and flammability shall meet the
requirements of working conditions.
5.3.2 Wood
The wood for main force-bearing members shall be not-easy-to-crack and dry
wood with less natural defects, high strength. Wood used in important locations
shall be subjected to flame retardant and preservative treatment if necessary.
The design of wooden structures shall comply with the specifications of GB
50005, and the construction quality shall comply with the specifications of GB
50206.
d - the nominal diameter of the thread, in millimeters (mm).
6 Design
6.1 Basic design requirements
6.1.1 Basic requirements
6.1.1.1 The design of amusement devices shall have design instructions,
calculation instructions, use and maintenance instructions and a full set of
drawings, risk assessment reports and design verification outlines complying
with the relevant national standards. The above information shall be kept until
at least the amusement devices are scrapped.
6.1.1.2 The design of amusement devices and auxiliary devices shall be
calculated correctly and reasonably structured to ensure passenger safety.
When accurate calculation cannot be performed, it can be confirmed and
verified by tests.
6.1.1.3 Operation and use organizations or design commissioners shall provide
the local meteorological, power supply, seismic and geological data in written
form to the design and manufacturing organizations.
6.1.1.4 The selection of materials shall be based on the consideration of
structural importance, load characteristics, structural forms, stress conditions,
manufacturing processes, connection methods and work environment.
6.1.1.5 The mechanical properties, heat treatment performance and welding
performance of metal materials used for important mechanical parts shall meet
the requirements of working conditions.
6.1.1.6 Amusement devices shall specify the design service life of the complete
machine and its main components. The calculated design life of the complete
machine shall be not less than 35000 hours, including the getting on/off time.
6.1.1.7 The use and maintenance instructions shall be in simplified Chinese.
For multilingual versions, the simplified Chinese version shall prevail. At least
the following contents shall be included.
a) Device overview and structure introduction;
b) Technical performance and parameters, operating conditions;
c) Operational procedures and precautions;
d) Notice to passengers;
a) When carrying 1 ~ 2 adults, it is calculated as not less than 750 N/person;
when carrying more than 2 adults, it is calculated as not less than 700
N/person.
b) Children (not more than 1.2 m in height or under 10 years of age) shall be
calculated as not less than 400 N/person.
NOTE. When calculating the number of passengers based on members, it shall calculate
according to the number of passengers designed to be carried. For example, for flying chair’s
single seat system, it is calculated as no less than 750 N/person. for overall pylons, it is
calculated as not less than 700N/person.
6.1.2.3 Supporting and constraint reaction of passengers
When designing cabins, the force exerted by the passenger on the armrest,
support, ankle and lining, etc. shall be taken into consideration when the vehicle
is in normal operation and during start-up, braking and emergency situations.
These forces shall not be less than 500 N/adult, and shall not be less than 300
N/person for amusement devices for children, expressed in Q2.
6.1.2.4 Value, Q3, of uniformly distributed live loads in human activity area
The value of live loads uniformly distributed in human activity areas such as
platforms, stairs, entrances and exits of amusement devices is as follows.
- Ordinary areas where human stand, such as stations, stairs, entrances and
exits. 3.5 kN/m2;
- Densely populated areas where human stand, such as densely populated
stands, stairs. 5 kN/m2;
- Unopened areas where human stand, such as floors, stairs, entrances and
exits that are not open to the public. 1.5 kN/m2;
- If the amusement device specifies the number of passengers in a certain
area, the uniformly distributed live loads in this area shall be calculated
based on the concentrated live loads of the number of passengers.
6.1.2.5 Value, Q4, of horizontal thrust in human activity area
The value of the horizontal thrust applied on fences, handrails, wallboards and
other similar places of amusement devices is as follows.
- In non-densely-populated areas, the point of action is at the high point of
the fence, etc.. 0.5 kN/m;
more than 80 mm, the calculation method of its load shall be in accordance with
according to the specifications in GB 50009. The snow load is expressed in Q10.
When operating in snow-free areas or there are measures to prevent snow
accumulation, the impact of snow loads may not be taken into consideration.
6.1.2.12 Temperature load
The value and calculation of the temperature load shall be in accordance with
the specifications in GB 50009. The temperature load is expressed in Q11.
6.1.2.13 Earthquake load
Large-scale, high-rise structures and amusement devices on buildings shall be
designed with consideration of earthquake-induced loads, expressed in T. The
calculation method shall be in accordance with the specifications of GB 50011.
6.1.2.14 Ice-coating load
For amusement devices with a height of more than 40 m and installed outdoors,
there is a possibility of ice coating on the structural members, the ice load shall
be calculated, expressed in Q12. The calculation method is in accordance with
the specifications of GB 50135.
6.1.2.15 Impact load
6.1.2.15.1 There may be impacts during the movement of amusement devices,
so as to generate impact loads (e.g. in purchase tackles, the impact load may
come from a track joint or a pit formed by a worn track). The load (permanent
load and live load and inertial forces borne) on the moving parts shall be
multiplied by an impact coefficient of not less than k1 = 1.2. For amusement
devices with a speed of less than 2 m/s, the impact load may not be calculated.
6.1.2.15.2 If the moving part has greater impact force during the actual
operation and the impact force cannot be reduced to range of the design
requirements, it is necessary to increase the impact coefficient accordingly to
carry out the modification calculation.
6.1.2.15.3 For amusement devices operating on tracks, when the operating
speed is greater than 20 km/h, the load on the track structure during operation
shall be multiplied by the vibration coefficient (not less than k2 = 1.2). In the
following cases, vibration may be exempted.
a) Support members or suspensions of track structures (e.g. main support
tubes, columns, etc. of tracks);
b) Ground pressure;
detailed welding records and pictures.
6.5 Structural design
6.5.1 The appropriate structural form shall be selected according to the
performance and force of amusement devices, and structural stress
concentration shall be minimized as possible.
6.5.2 The testability of amusement devices shall be considered. Measures
shall be taken to ensure the safety of structures that cannot be tested. Parts
that require regular inspections and non-destructive testing during use shall be
easy to inspect and tested; parts need to be disassembled shall be easy to
disassemble.
6.5.3 The structural units shall be divided according to conditions such as force,
transportation, storage and lifting.
6.5.4 The geometric dimensions of the inspection holes and manholes shall
meet the inspection requirements, and measures shall be taken to prevent
water accumulation.
6.5.5 Drainage measures for structural members shall be effective, and there
shall be no leakage or residual water accumulation on the exterior surfaces and
interior of structural members.
6.5.6 The suspension point of structural members shall be set so that it does
not cause plastic deformation during the lifting process.
6.5.7 Force frames such as supports, cabins, vehicles for the passengers shall
be made of metal or other high-strength non-metallic materials. The overall
structure shall be a sturdy structure.
6.5.8 Important bolt connections shall be able to meet the load requirements
and measures shall be taken to prevent loosening of the bolts. After the bolt is
installed, there shall be a clear anti-loose sign.
6.5.9 Pin connections between important parts shall have anti-dropping
measures.
6.5.10 For important shafts and pins, the surface roughness of the mating
surface shall meet the requirements of working conditions.
6.5.11 Important shafts and pins shall avoid stress concentration, e.g. as small
cross-sectional changes as possible and as large rounded corners at the shaft
shoulder as possible.
6.5.12 If necessary, measures shall be taken to avoid resonance.
6.6.2.13 For parts where bearings and contact surfaces have relative motion,
lubricating measures shall be provided. Those need to be added with lubricants
shall be easy to operate.
6.6.3 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems
6.6.3.1 To ensure the safety of use, all members in the system shall be selected
to ensure that these members can operate reliably when the system is put into
use. Particular attention shall be given to the reliability of members that may
cause danger due to failure or malfunction.
6.6.3.2 It shall be designed to prevent the pressure of the system from
exceeding the maximum pressure allowed by the system and the rated
pressure of any member. When the pressure is lost or the critical pressure is
reached, the personnel shall not be put at risk.
6.6.3.3 Hydraulic or pneumatic systems shall be designed to minimize impact.
The impact pressure and pressure loss shall not cause danger.
6.6.3.4 The passenger cabin is lifted by support of oil cylinder or air cylinder.
When the pressure piping, hose and pump fail, the descending speed of the
passenger cabin shall not be greater than 0.5 m/s. Otherwise, an effective
buffer device or protective device shall be provided.
6.6.3.5 The oil temperature shall comply with the specifications of GB/T 3766.
when the ambient temperature is the highest, the temperature of the oil
imported by the oil pump shall not exceed 60 °C. The device shall operate
normally when the ambient temperature is at a minimum.
6.6.3.6 In a hydraulic or pneumatic system, an overpressure protection device
not exceeding 1.2 times the rated working pressure shall be provided.
6.6.3.7 The design of the hydraulic cylinder shall meet the requirements of GB/T
3766. It shall be designed and adjusted when installed to allow the reaction
force of the load to pass through the centerline of the hydraulic cylinder.
6.6.3.8 For single-acting piston-type hydraulic cylinders, the exhaust port shall
be designed and placed in an appropriate position so as to avoid danger to the
personnel caused by the injected liquid.
6.6.3.9 For hydraulic systems with an inflatable accumulator, the specifications
are as follows.
a) The oil pressure of the accumulator shall be automatically removed at
shutdown, or the accumulator shall be reliably isolated. Except in special
circumstances where pressure is still required after shutdown;
6.7.2.1 The control circuit power supply shall comply with the specifications of
GB 5226.1-2008. When the power supply is interrupted, the operating data may
be lost. When the entire system is difficult to recover quickly, set the UPS power
supply unit.
6.7.2.2 The control system shall meet the operating conditions of the
amusement devices and shall ensure the passenger safety. The control logic
shall be reliable and reasonable.
6.7.2.3 When using automatic control or interlocking control, there shall be
repair (maintenance) mode. Each movement should be able to be controlled
separately.
6.7.2.4 When using automatic control or interlocking control, if mis-operated,
the device does not allow movements that endanger passenger safety.
6.7.2.5 When wireless and non-mechanical sensors are used to participate in
control, full consideration shall be given to the ability of the transmitting and
receiving sensing components to resist external interference and the sensitivity
to the working environment, and a fault monitoring and alarm system should be
provided. When there is an error in the signal transmission, no personal injury
shall occur.
6.7.2.6 On the occasions where exceeding working limit (speed, pressure,
torque, position) may result in a hazardous situation, the corresponding
protection control shall be triggered when the operating limit exceeds the limit.
6.7.2.7 If there may be dangers when the amusement device exceeds a
predetermined position during operation, the limit position control and limit
position control device shall be provided, and the control device shall be safe
and reliable.
6.7.2.8 When the amusement device is driven by reels and traction machines,
it shall be provided with controls and extreme position control devices to prevent
over-winding and loosening of the steel wire ropes. The multiple steel wire rope
drive systems that are not visible to the operator under normal operation shall
have broken ropes detection control device.
6.7.2.9 The emergency stop button shall be set on the operator's station (if
required, it shall also be set on the platform), and the push button type shall
adopt the convex manual reset type. Dangers due to pressing the emergency
stop button are not allowed.
6.7.2.10 During installation, maintenance and inspection, when it needs to enter
a dangerous area or stretch a certain part of the human body (such as an arm)
shall not exceed 120 mm. Safety fences shall be set up so that children cannot
climb. Except for fences for staff-only channels or platforms.
6.9.9.3 The safety fence shall be set with entrance and exit, and the guide fence
shall be set at the entrance. Platforms shall have anti-slip measures.
6.9.9.4 The security gate opening direction shall be consistent with the
passenger's direction of travel (except for special circumstances). To prevent
injury to the personnel's hands when opening or closing the door, the gap
between the door frame and the upright shall be appropriate, or other protective
measures are taken.
6.9.9.5 The width of steps for the entrance and exit of amusement devices shall
not be less than 240 mm and the height range shall be 140 mm to 200 mm.
The slope of the ladder shall be the same. When the entrance and exit are
ramps, the slope shall not be greater than 1.6. For slopes with non-slip patterns,
the slope shall not be greater than 1.4.
6.9.9.6 The operating room of amusement devices shall be set up separately,
with a wide field of vision, sufficient space for activities and lighting. For blind
spots where the operator cannot observe the operation, safety measures such
as monitoring systems shall be available when there is a danger. When all
passengers getting on/off situations cannot be observed in the operating room
and the passenger safety tie-down device is not interlocked with the start-up,
the safety confirmation button shall be added at the corresponding position and
interlocked with the start-up.
6.9.9.7 Safe passages shall be set along the slope elevation section or the
overhead part of ......
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
|