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GA/T 950-2019: V50 test methods for ballistic materials and products
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Basic data | Standard ID | GA/T 950-2019 (GA/T950-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | V50 test methods for ballistic materials and products | | Sector / Industry | Public Security (Police) Industry Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A94 | | Classification of International Standard | 19.020 | | Word Count Estimation | 18,196 | | Date of Issue | 2019 | | Date of Implementation | 2019-09-10 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Public Security | GA/T 950-2019: V50 test methods for ballistic materials and products---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
(Test method for bulletproof materials and products V50)
ICS 19.020
A 94
GA
People's Republic of China Public Safety Industry Standard
Replaces GA 950-2011
Test method for bulletproof materials and products V50
V50 test methods for ballistic materials and products
Published by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China
GA/T 950- ××××
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GA 950-2011 "Test methods for bullet-proof materials and products V50", compared with GA 950-2011
as follows.
-Revised normative references (see Chapter 2, Chapter 2 of the.2011 edition);
-Revised terms and definitions (see 3.4, 3.6, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.4, 3.6, 3.11 of the.2011 edition
3.12, 3.13);
-Modified the ballistic test system (see 4.1, 4.1 of the.2011 edition);
-The test projectile was modified (see 4.2, 4.2 of the.2011 edition);
-Revised the speed target (see 4.5, 4.5 of the.2011 version);
-Modified target frame (see 4.7,.2011 version 4.7);
--Modified the verification board (see 4.10.1, 4.10.1 of the.2011 version);
-Modified test environmental conditions (see 4.13, 4.13 of the.2011 edition);
-Modified the fragmentation system (see A.1.2 in Appendix A, A.1.2 in Appendix A of the.2011 edition);
-Revised system relative error and system difference error (see B.3.1, B.3.2 in Appendix B, Appendix B of the.2011 edition
B.3.1, B.3.2);
-The applicability of the four-round assessment method has been modified (see C.1 in Appendix C, C.1 in Appendix C of the.2011 edition)
-Modified the conversion between the measured bullet velocity and the target speed (see D.1 in Appendix D, D.1 in Appendix D of the.2011 edition).
This standard was proposed and managed by the National Police Equipment Standardization Technical Committee (TC561).
This standard was drafted. China Weapon Industry Group No.3 Research Institute, Ministry of Public Security Special Police Equipment Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,
Physical and Chemical Testing Center for Nonmetal Materials in the Weapon Industry.
The main drafters of this standard. Peng Gang, Li Yang, Feng Jiachen.
The previous versions of the standards replaced by this standard are.
--GA 950-2011.
GA/T 950- ××××
Test method for bulletproof materials and products V50
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, and V50 value meter for evaluating the ballistic limit V50 of ballistic materials and products.
Calculation and correction, preparation of test reports, etc.
This standard is applicable to the testing and evaluation of ballistic limit V50 of various ballistic materials and products.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies
This document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 699-1999 high-quality carbon structural steel
GB/T 1446-2005 General rules for test methods of fiber reinforced plastics
GB/T 3880.1-2012 Aluminum and aluminum alloy plates and strips for general industrial use Part 1. General requirements
GJB 3196.30A-2005 Test methods for bullets. Part 30 Speed test. Light curtain target method
GA 141-2010 police body armor
3 terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Ballistic limit V50
A certain type of bullet will form a target with a penetration probability of 50% for the sample, which is represented by V50.
3.2
Sample
Bulletproof materials or products for V50 testing.
3.3
Fragment simulating projectile
A projectile made of a specific material, shape, and size for a ballistic test.
3.4
Sabot
Lightweight bracket for stably pushing high-speed launch of analog fragments.
3.5
Witness plate
Aluminum alloy sheet used to monitor the damage of the sample after it is penetrated by the projectile.
3.6
Perforation
One of the following phenomena occurs when the sample is impacted by the projectile.
a) forming a perforated perforation;
b) projectile or projectile fragments appear behind the sample;
c) Verify that there are perforations on the board.
3.7
Stop
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When the sample is impacted by the projectile, it does not constitute any phenomenon of penetration.
3.8
Angle of incidence
The angle between the projectile's flight direction and the normal at the point of impact of the impact point is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of incident angle
3.9
Impact point
The center point of the puncture or depression after the bomb impacts the sample.
3.10
Fair hit
During the firing test, the incident angle of the projectile is less than or equal to 5o, the distance between the impact points is greater than or equal to 51mm, and the distance between the impact point and the edge is greater than
Equal to 75mm projectile impact.
3.11
Range of mixed results
Among all effective hit speeds produced by the ballistic limit V50 test, there is a region where the speed of the blocking bullet is higher than the speed of the penetration bullet.
3.12
Velocity difference in range of mixed results
In the mixed result area, the absolute value of the difference between the lowest bounce velocity and the highest bounce velocity blocked by the sample.
3.13
Evaluating velocity difference
Of the effective ballistic speeds produced by the ballistic limit V50 test, it is used to evaluate the maximum ballistic speed and maximum ballistic speed of the ballistic limit V50.
Low speed difference.
3.14
Backing material
Material used to simulate the human torso.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Ballistic test system
Ballistic test systems generally consist of test firearms, speed targets (including start and stop targets), chronographs, backing materials, target racks, and
The main components of the ballistic interceptor are shown in Figure 2.
GA/T 950- ××××
Figure 2 Schematic of ballistic test system
4.2 Test projectile
4.2.1 According to the requirements of the sample's protective performance, the test chooses to use a standard warhead or a simulated fragment as the projectile.
4.2.2 The standard type warhead is used as the projectile. The standard type warhead that meets the requirements of the standard and is not damaged in appearance shall be selected.
4.2.3 The simulated fragment is used as the projectile. The material, shape, mass, surface hardness and other parameters of the simulated fragment shall be clearly defined, and shall be related to
Matching ammunition for use. The weight of a typical commonly used cylindrical wedge-shaped simulation fragment is (1.1 ± 0.02) g, and the surface hardness HRC (30
± 1), using 45 # steel that meets GB/T 699-1999, as shown in Figure 3. For other commonly used analog fragments and their requirements, see the attached
Record A.
In millimeters
Figure 3 1.1g cylindrical wedge-shaped simulated fragment
GA/T 950- ××××
4.3 Test firearms
The test firearm should be a standard ballistic gun that can ensure the stability of the projectile's flight. Determined according to the requirements of the test projectile and launch speed
The caliber and model of the ballistic barrel.
4.4 Selection of Launch Cartridge
The proper launching cartridge should be selected according to the mass and launch speed range of the launching projectile. The selection of the cartridge should meet the loading capacity of the cartridge.
Requirements for maximizing the product ratio.
4.5 Speed target
4.5.1 The speed target is composed of a start target and a stop target. The start target and the stop target should be parallel and perpendicular to the shooting trajectory. Starting target
The distance A from the muzzle should be greater than or equal to 2m, the distance B between the two targets should be greater than or equal to 1m, and the measurement error of the target distance should be less than or equal to
0.1%.
4.5.2 The speed target should be compared and verified every year. The comparison verification uses two sets of speed targets to measure the velocity of the bullet at the same point.
The inspection shall be performed in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B.
4.6 Chronograph
The test precision and accuracy shall comply with the provisions of GJB 3196.30A-2005, and shall be regularly verified.
4.7 Target
The target rack is a structural frame for placing and fixing specimens, backing materials, verification boards, and the like. The target rack should have a certain structural strength and
It is rigid and not easy to deform. It can adjust the stroke in the four directions of up, down, left and right, and the angle of incidence can be selected by adjusting the tilt angle.
4.8 Backing material
The backing material should be made of uniform oily plastic cement inside and outside, the size is greater than or equal to 600mm × 600mm × 100mm
(Width x height x thickness). The backing material is fixed by the box, which has no cover and no bottom. The backing material should be tested before the test according to GA 141-2010
Calibration.
4.9 Shooting distance
The firing distance is set at 5m, and the distance between the speed measurement point and the muzzle is 3m. The firing distance and speed can also be determined according to the special requirements of the client
Point location, but should be noted in the test report and records.
4.10 Verification Board
4.10.1 The verification plate shall use a 0.5mm thick 2024-T4 aluminum alloy sheet that complies with the requirements of GB/T 3880.1-2012.
4.10.2 For plate-like samples, the size of the verification plate shall be 300mm × 300mm.
150mm ± 10mm.
4.10.3 For the bulletproof helmet sample, the size of the verification plate shall be 90mm × 110mm, and the distance between the verification plate and the back of the specimen
It is 51mm ± 10mm.
4.10.4 It is not necessary to use a verification plate when supporting the specimen with a backing material.
4.11 Sample size
The effective size of the ballistic material sample should be greater than or equal to 400mm × 400mm.
4.12 Condition adjustment of samples
Before the test, the sample should be adjusted in accordance with GB/T 1446-2005. The special state treatment of the sample is based on the product standard
Relevant regulations shall be implemented. The specific sample condition adjustment required by the client shall be indicated in the test report and records. State adjustment
The finished sample should be tested within 30 minutes.
4.13 Test environmental conditions
The test should be performed indoors at a temperature of 0 ° C to 35 ° C and a relative humidity of 15% to 70%.
5 Test method
5.1 Test procedure
5.1.1 Equipment preparation
All electronic equipment should be preheated to a stable state before the test. Adaptively warm up the test firearms by firing more than three rounds of ammunition,
GA/T 950- ××××
A laser sight is used to determine the actual target position of the projectile.
5.1.2 Sample arrangement
For samples that require the backing material to be combined with the target, apply a 50mm wide strap to fasten the sample and the backing material together, and leave
Shooting area; the test of the backing material is not required, then use a strap or clamp to fix the sample on the target rack.
5.1.3 Fire test
5.1.3.1 According to the estimated value of sample V50, determine the starting firing speed. You can refer to the correspondence between the amount of propellant and the speed of the projectile to determine
Set the amount of fired and complete the assembly of the projectile and the cartridge. During the assembly process, it is strictly prohibited to crush the bottom of the cartridge.
5.1.3.2 In the fire test, if the first shot penetrates (or blocks), the charge of the second shot should be reduced from the first shot.
(Or increase) a dose of about 30m/s to get a single block (or penetration). If the first two results are both penetration (or blocking),
The third round continues to decrease by about 30m/s (or increase by about 30m/s); if the results of the first two rounds are opposite, the speed of the third round takes the first round and the first round.
The average speed of the second round.
5.1.3.3 In the firing test, the charge should be adjusted according to the firing speed and results of the previous round (or multiple shots).
The charge increases the firing speed. If it penetrates, it reduces the charge and decreases the firing speed until it meets the ballistic limit V50 within a certain speed range.
Assess the required number of blocking and penetration test results.
5.1.3.4 Before each shot, make sure that the contact surface between the backing material and the specimen is flat, and maintain a similar condition to that when the shot was shot.
state.
5.2 Evaluation method of ballistic limit V50
5.2.1 Six rounds of assessment
In effective hit shooting, if the mixing speed difference of the sample is less than or equal to 38m/s, the evaluation is made less than or equal to 38m/s
Velocity difference, take at least six rounds with the same maximum blocking speed and three rounds with the lowest penetration speed.
Speed, find the arithmetic mean value, record it as the sample measurement point value, and calculate the sample V50 value by value correction.
5.2.2 Ten assessments
In effective hit shooting, if the sample's mixing speed difference is greater than 38m/s and less than or equal to 45m/s,
In the case of the evaluation condition of the hair, the evaluation speed difference of less than or equal to 45m/s is taken, and the maximum blocking speed of five shots and the five shots maximum are taken.
Low penetration speed results in opposite, equivalent number of at least ten rounds of test point velocity, calculate the arithmetic mean, record as the test point value of the sample,
Correct the calculation to get the V50 value of the sample.
5.2.3 Multiple assessments
In effective hit shooting, if the sample mixing speed difference is greater than 45m/s, the evaluation speed is less than or equal to the mixing speed difference.
Degree difference, take no less than six rounds of the highest blocking speed and six rounds of the lowest penetration speed with opposite results and at least twelve rounds
Quickly calculate the arithmetic average value, record it as the test point value of the sample, and calculate the V50 value of the sample from the value correction calculation.
5.2.4 Special assessment
For calculation of the measured value of the sample under special circumstances, please refer to Appendix C.
6 Calculation and correction of V50 value
6.1 Calculation of measurement points
The test point value of the sample shall be calculated as follows.
In the formula.
― Arithmetic average of the bullet velocity at the measurement point, in meters per second (m/s);
― The effective speed of the bounce rate at the i-th hit, measured in meters per second (m/s);
― The number of effective hits selected.
GA/T 950- ××××
6.2 Calculation of sample V50 value
The V50 value should be calculated from the measured point value according to the following formula.
In the formula.
-Missile flight attenuation coefficient, unit is 1/m;
-The flight distance from the measurement point to the target, in meters (m).
The calculation of the missile flight attenuation coefficient is performed in accordance with the provisions of Appendix D.
6.3 Accuracy requirements
The calculated value of the measuring point shall be kept to one decimal place, and the value of the sample V50 shall be kept to the whole number.
7 Test report
The test report should include at least the following.
a) Sample name, batch/code/model and description;
b) implementation of standards or client requirements;
c) the name and specifications of the projectile used for the test;
d) test time and environmental conditions;
e) description of sample state adjustment;
f) All effective measuring point bullet velocity data and firing results;
g) V50 value and standard deviation of the sample.
GA/T 950- ××××
Appendix A
(Informative appendix)
Simulation fragments and requirements
A.1 Cylindrical wedge-shaped simulation fragment
A.1.1 The shape of the cylindrical wedge-shaped simulation fragment is shown in the schematic diagram A.1. The material is 45 steel and the surface hardness is HRC (30 ± 1).
Figure A.1 Schematic diagram of cylindrical wedge-shaped simulated fragment
A.1.2 The model, weight and size of the cylindrical wedge-shaped simulated fragment are in accordance with the requirements in Table A.1.
Table A.1 Parameters related to cylindrical wedge-shaped simulated fragments
model
Weight W
Size A
mm
Size B
mm
Size C
mm
FSP-C1 0.16 ± 0.01 2.64 ± 0.02
3.18
FSP-C2 0.33 ± 0.01 3.60 ± 0.02
4.31
FSP-C3 0.49 ± 0.02 4.06 ± 0.02
4.57
FSP-C4 2.85 ± 0.03
8.64
FSP-C5 13.41 ± 0.13 12.57 ± 0.03 14.73
FSP-C6 53.78 ± 0.26
22.86
Note. The weight requirement of the simulated ammunition is achieved by adjusting the size C.
GA/T 950- ××××
A.2 Spherical simulation fragment
The model, weight, diameter, hardness and material of the spherical simulation fragment are in accordance with the provisions in Table A.2.
Table A.2 Parameters related to spherical simulation fragments
model
Weight W
Diameter Φ ± 0.02
mm
Hard HRC material
FSP-B1 1.03 ± 0.01 6.35
63 ± 3 GCr15 or GCr15SiMn
FSP-B2 4.50 ± 0.02 10.30
GA/T 950- ××××
Appendix B
(Normative appendix)
Requirement for fire speed comparison of speed measurement system
B.1 Basic requirements for calibration
The firing comparison verification of the speed measurement system shall be performed periodically. If you have doubts about the speed measurement system, you need to verify it in time.
B.2 Calibration method
The verification of the speed measurement system uses two sets of speed targets to measure the bullet velocity at the same point. A set of ten rounds of live ammunition were checked each time.
B.3 Checking data processing and passing judgment
B.3.1 Data processing
B.3.1.1 Calculation of system error
Calculate according to the following formula.
twenty one
100%
=
In the formula.
- system error;
-Compare the average of a group of bomb speeds in the system, in meters per second (m/s);
-The average value of a set of bomb speeds of the tested system, in meters per second (m/s).
B.3.1.2 Calculation of system difference error
Calculate according to the following formula.
In the formula.
-The standard deviation of the speed difference in meters per second (m/s);
-The difference between single-shot speeds measured by two speed measurement systems, in meters per second (m/s);
-The average value of the single-shot speed difference within a group, in meters per second (m/s);
-A set of test rounds;
-System difference error.
B.3.2 Verification of verification
B.3.2.1 Verify that when the firing speed of the live ammunition is less than 600m/s, if the absolute value of the group average difference () is less than 1.8m/s, and the speed
The standard deviation of the degree difference value is less than 1.5m/s, then the speed measurement system is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.
B.3.2.2 When verifying that the firing speed of the live ammunition is greater than or equal to 600 m/s, if the system error is less than or equal to 0.3% and the system difference is incorrect
If the difference is less than or equal to 0.25%, the speed measurement system verification is judged to be qualified, otherwise it is judged to be unqualified.
B.4 Processing of verification results
The results of comparison and verification shall be recorded or reported. Records (reports) should include all firing data, data processing results, and calibration
GA/T 950- ××××
Test results.
Appendix C
(Informative appendix)
Evaluation and selection of V50 under special circumstances
C.1 Applicability of the four-round assessment method
C.1.1 is applicable to the calculation of measured points of homogeneous materials, or materials or products for which it is known that there is no mixed result zone for penetrating projectiles.
C.1.2 Applicable to the test point value of ballistic materials or product samples where the material is rare or the test area does not reach the ballistic limit V50 test
Estimate. At this time, there may be a large deviation in the estimation of the measured point value, which needs to be specified in the test records and reports.
C.1.3 Not applicable to laminated and ballistic materials and products such as fabrics and unidirectional cloth, or thermoplastic base fiber laminated sheet and other ballistic materials
And the calculation of the measured value of the product sample.
C.2 Four rounds of assessment
For a homogeneous material, or a sample with a known mixed result area of less than 20m/s, the evaluation speed difference of 20m/s is taken.
The arithmetic average of the speed of the four blocking points of the high blocking and the two lowest penetrations is recorded as the sample measuring point value.
Sample V50 value.
GA/T 950- ××××
Appendix D
(Normative appendix)
Conversion method of measuring point speed and target speed
D.1 Conversion of measuring point speed to target speed
The conversion of the measuring point speed and the target speed is performed according to formula (D.1).
xe − = (D.1)
In the formula.
-target speed in meters per second (m/s);
-speed of the measuring point before the target, the unit is meter per second (m/s);
-missile flight attenuation coefficient, unit is per meter (1/m);
x-The distance from the speed measurement point to the target point in meters (m).
D.2 Experimental determination method of missile flight attenuation coefficient
D.2.1 For projectiles with unknown parameters, through laboratory firing, according to the actual attenuation of the speed of the two bullets at a certain distance in the flight trajectory
The measured attenuation coefficient of the projectile can be calculated by formula (D.1), and this coefficient can be used as the target for subsequent tests in this laboratory.
Speed conversion parameter.
D.2.2 Two or more sets of speed targets are arranged at different positions of the projectile's flight trajectory, and the speed of the bombs at different positions is measured at the same time.
(D.1) The attenuation coefficient is calculated.
D.2.3 In order to obtain an accurate measured attenuation coefficient, multiple rounds of firing, multiple intervals, and multiple measurements should be used to obtain multiple
Measure the single value of each attenuation coefficient, remove outliers according to statistical methods, and take the arithmetic mean of not less than five valid single values
The value is taken as the measured attenuation coefficient of the corresponding projectile.
D.2.4 According to the measured attenuation coefficient, the projectile's target speed is obtained by formula (D.1).
D.3 Change algorithm of missile flight attenuation coefficient formula
D.3.1 For missile bodies with known parameters, the following formula can also be used to calculate the missile flight attenuation coefficient.
D.3.2 The missile flight attenuation coefficient can be obtained from equation (D.2).
cs
= (D.2)
In the formula.
-Missile flight resistance coefficient;
-Local air density in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3);
-The mass of the projectile in kilograms (kg);
-The windward area of the projectile, in square meters (m2).
D.3.3 The local air density is calculated according to formula (D.3).
(D.3)
In the formula.
-Air density at sea level, 1.226 kg/m3;
-Altitude correction factor.
D.3.4 The projectile's windward area is calculated according to formula (D.4).
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(D.4)
In the formula.
-The shape factor of the projectile, in units of square kilograms per square meter (m2 · kg3/2)
-Missile body mass in kilograms (kg).
Part of the body shape coefficient is in accordance with the provisions of Table D.1.
Table D.1 Reference values for the shape factor of steel simulated fragments
Fragment shape spherical cube cylindrical 1) prismatic
3.07 × 10-3 3.09 × 10-3 3.35 × 10-3 (3.2 ～ 3.6) × 10-3
1) This form factor is not applicable to cylindrical wedge-shaped simulated fragments.
D.3.5 The altitude correction coefficient is calculated according to formula (D.5).
(D.5)
In the formula.
-Local altitude in kilometers (km);
-Constant, 44.308 km.
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