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JTGD50-2017: Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement
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Basic data | Standard ID | JTG D50-2017 (JTGD50-2017) | | Description (Translated English) | Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement | | Sector / Industry | Highway & Transportation Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | P66 | | Classification of International Standard | 93.080.20 | | Word Count Estimation | 77,745 | | Date of Issue | 2017-03-20 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-09-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | JTG D50-2006 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Transport | | Summary | This standard applies to all grades of highway construction and renovation of the asphalt pavement design. | JTGD50-2006: Specifications for design of highway asphalt pavement---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavements
INDUSTRY STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Issued on October 10, 2006 Implemented on January 01, 2007
Issued by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China
Edited by. CCCC Highway Consultant Co., Ltd.
Approved by. The Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China
Effective Date. January 01, 2007
In order to fulfill international projects, as well as to further the international exchange in the field
of highway technology and standardization, the English edition of the prevailing Chinese
standards of highway construction is compiled and translated from the current Chinese edition
under the authorization of the Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China and with
the sponsorship of the Export-Import Bank of China and the China Communication Construction
Company Limited (CCCC).
The work was launched by the Steering Committee jointly chaired by Mr. Li Shenglin. Minister of
Transport and Mr. Li Ruogu, Chairman of the board and president of the Export-Import Bank of
China. The coordination for the translation, compilation and other relevant works was carried out
under the leadership of Mr. Zhou Jichang, Chairman of the board of CCCC. The primary English
edition was provided by the Leading Editor of the Chinese edition. The review, final editing and
overall compilation was assigned to the China Road and Bridge Corporation.
The final English edition of the Specifications For Design Of Highway Asphalt Pavement (JTG
D50-2006) was reviewed and compiled by Mr. Zhang Qinghong. approved by Mr. Yao Haidong.
and was published and issued by Standards Press of China.
Comments, suggestions and inquiries are welcome and shall be addressed to.
Leading Editor of Chinese Edition. CCCC Highway Consultants Co., Ltd. (Address. No. 85
Deshengmenwai Dajie.Beijing. Postal Code.100088).
Leading Editor of English Edition. China Road and Bridge Corporation (Address. 88C Andingmenwai Dajie. Beijing, Postal Code. 100011).
The Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China
Public Notice
No. 39.2006
On Release the Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement
(JTG D50-2006)
It is hereby to issue the Specifications for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement (JTG
D50-2006). to go into effect on January 1st,2007. The former Code for Design of Highway
Asphalt Pavement (JTJ 014-97 ) shall be superseded from the same date. The general
administration and final interpretation of the specification belong to the Ministry of Transport. The
Chief Development Organization. CCCC Highway Consultants CO. , Ltd. is responsible for
particular interpretation for application and routine administration
Comments, suggestions and inquiries are welcome and shall be addressed to the Leading Editor.
CCCC Highway Consultants CO. , Ltd. (No. 33, Qianchaomian Hutong. Dongsi. Beijing, post
code. 100010. Tel. 010-65237331). The feedbacks will be used as reference in future revisions.
The Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China
October 10. 2006
Foreword
Since its issuance and implementation, the Code for Design of Highway Asphalt Pavement (JTJ
014-97) has played a major role in improving the quality of asphalt pavement design. But with
the continuous development of highway construction and advancement of asphalt pavement
technology, parts of the Code are unable to meet the actual requirements, further revision and
improvement is needed. According to the requirements for code revisions by the Ministry of
Transport, a revision panel chaired by CCCC Highway Consultants CO. , Ltd and included related
universities, research institutes, and design institutes, was formed. The revision panel summarized
the recent practical engineering experience and research results and performed extensive research
and investigation. After repeated reviews and considerations, the Specifications for Design of
Highway Asphalt Pavement (JTG D50-2006) has been finalized to supersede the former "Code".
This Specification consists of 11 Chapters and 7 Appendices. The major revisions compared to the
former code include.
1. Emphasis on traffic load analysis and forecast according to the actual situation and the concept
of life cycle costs for pavement design.
2. Took technical measures to prevent early damage, strengthened the requirements for the
material, mixture and combination design of pavement structure, and added design elements for
flexible base and lean concrete base;
3. Subdivided the mixture gradation type of semi-rigid base course, adjusted aggregate gradation
range, and added the frost resistance design requirements for fly-ash and lime stabilized aggregate.
4. Improvements were made in parameters' value-taking for pavement thickness calculation and
the formula for existing road strengthening.
5. Increased the design content of asphalt surfacing on existing cement concrete pavement.
6. Added design content of asphalt pavement on concrete bridge deck, etc.
Comments, suggestions and inquiries are welcome and shall be addressed to the chief editor
(address. 33 Qianchaomei Hutong, Dongsi District, Beijing, post code. 100010; Tel.
010-65237331, E-mail. [email protected]) so that they can be used as references in future revisions.
Leading Editor. CCCC Highway Consultants Co. ,Ltd.
Co-editors.Harbin Institute of Technology
Chang'an University
Jiangsu Transportation Research Institute CO. , Ltd.
Sichuan Provincial Communications Department Planning Survey Design Research
Institute Changsha University of Science and Technology
Shandong Communications Science Research Institute
Persons in Charge.Yang Mengyu.Feng Decheng.Sha Aiming,Fu Guanhua.Cui Shibin. Zhou Zhigang. Wang Lin.
Contents
1 General... 1
2 Terms and Symbols... 2
2.1 Terms... 2
2.2 Symbol...4
3 General Provisions... 5
3.1 Standard Axle Load and Design Traffic Volume... 5
3.2 Road Materials... 8
4 Structure Courses and Combination Design...11
4.1 Structure Courses Design...11
4.2 Structure Combination Design... 13
5 Subgrade and Bed Course...15
5.1 Subgrade Resilience Modulus...15
5.2 Design for Bed Course and Anti-freezing Course...20
6 Base Course and Subbase Course... 23
6.1 Semi-Rigid Base and Subbase Course... 23
6.2 Flexible Base Course and Subbase Course... 27
6.3 Rigid Base... 29
7 Asphalt Surface Course... 30
7.1 Asphalt Mixture Surface Course...30
7.2 Asphalt Penetration Type Pavement and Surface Treatment...33
8 Thickness of New Pavement Structure... 35
9 Pavement Reconstruction Design... 42
9.1 General Provisions... 42
9.2 Asphalt Pavement Resurfacing...42
9.3 Cement Concrete Pavement Resurfacing with Asphalt...47
10 Drainage Design... 49
11 Bridge Deck Pavement and Other Works...54
11.1 Bridge Deck Pavement...54
11.2 Other Works... 56
Appendix A Vibration Moulding Process for Samples of Semi-rigid Base Material and
Anti-freezing Test Method...57
A.1 Vibration Moulding Process for Samples of Semi-rigid Base Material... 57
A.2 Anti-freezing Test Method for Semi-rigid Base Material...61
Appendix B Relevant Data in Climatic Region...65
Appendix C Asphalt Mixture Mineral Grading, Specifications and Dosage and Asphalt
Penetration Type and Asphalt Surface Treatment Materials...71
Appendix D Gradation Composition of Non-binder Materials... 75
Appendix E Reference Data for Material Design Parameters... 77
Appendix F Estimation of Resilient Modulus for Earth Foundation by Lookup Table Method...79
Appendix G Wording Explanation for This Standard...87
1 General
1.0.1 This Specification is prepared with the purpose of meeting the development of
highway construction, making the asphalt pavement meet service requirements, guaranteeing
the quality of pavement, and improving the durability of pavement.
1.0.2 This Specification is applicable for the asphalt pavement design in the construction
and reconstruction of all classified highways. Accommodation highway can use this
Specification as a reference.
1.0.3 Asphalt pavement design consists of works of the survey, analysis and forecast of
traffic volume, material selection, mixture design, test and determination of design
parameters, combination design of the pavement structure and thickness calculation, design
of pavement drainage system, and the design of other pavement engineering, and the work of
providing the recommended scheme based on comprehensive comparison of technology and
economy of pavement structure schemes.
1.0.4 The asphalt pavement of Expressway and Class-1 highways should not be
constructed in stages. Sections of highway which may possibly have significant settlement
such as soft soil area, high fill subgrade, loess collapsibility area, and highway with low
traffic volume at the early stage can be "designed entirely and constructed by stages".
1.0.5 Asphalt pavement design shall follow the following principles.
1 Survey and collect on-site information, analyze and predict traffic loads, and design
the pavement based on the concept of life cycle cost.
2 Survey and master subgrade characteristics along the route, soil quality, and wetness
type of subgrade. Perform the integrated design of the subgrade and pavement after
consideration of the soil improvement for sections with poor geologic conditions.
3 Follow the principles of adjusting measures to local conditions , selecting the
material, and saving the resources. choose the pavement structure scheme that has
advanced technology, reasonable economy, reliable safety, and is convenient to construct.
4 Consider the local conditions, actively and circumspectly promote new techniques,
structure, materials and new technologies, and carefully pave the test road, summarize
the experience, make improvements continuously, and promote the achievements step by step.
5 The related provisions of the national environmental protection should be followed,
the safety and health of the related personnel must be protected; attentions should be
paid to the recycle of materials and handling of wasted materials.
1.0.6 The index and parameters in the Specifications have certain prerequisites and
application conditions, which should be applied rationally in specific designs with
considerations of engineering practice to ensure the quality of the projects.
1.0.7 For the pavement structure in special areas like perennially frozen soil, desert, saline
soil, expansive soil, and so forth, pavement should be designed according to the provisions in
this Specification and in combination with practical experience, giving consideration to
factors such as local climate, hydrology, soil property, materials, and so forth.
1.0.8 The design of pavement should conform to not only this code, but also to current
relevant national and industrial standards and specifications.
2 Terms and Symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1 Asphalt pavement
The pavement structure paved with asphalt surface course.
2.1.2 Semi-rigid base
The base paved by aggregate or earth materials, which were stabilized by inorganic binding agent.
2.1.3 Rigid base
The base paved by the materials of common concrete, roller compacted concrete, lean
concrete, reinforced concrete, continuously reinforced concrete, and so forth.
2.1.4 Flexible base
The base paved by hot or cold mixed asphalt mixture, asphalt penetration crushed stone and
granular materials without any hinder. Granular materials include graded crushed stone,
graded gravel, natural granule which complies with gradation, graded crushed gravels which
are made by crushed gravels mixed with natural gravels, clay-bound macadam, marl-bound
macadam and gap choked crushed stone, etc.
2.1.5 Axle load spectrum
Probability distribution of different axle loads of various vehicles.
2.1.6 Equivalent effect numbers of single axle loads
Based on the principle of deflection equivalent or tension stress equivalent, different effect
numbers of axle loads from different types of vehicles are converted into equivalent effect
numbers of single axle loads with the standard axle load 100kN.
2.1.7 Equivalent effect numbers of cumulative axle loads
The total equivalent effect numbers of axle loads of one lane within the design period, after
taking the lane coefficient into consideration.
2.1.8 Design life span
Reference time in calculating the equivalent effect numbers of cumulative axle loads.
2.1.9 Freezing index
It is the cumulative value of daily average minus temperature in a year.
2.1.10 Design deflection
It is the design deflection on pavement surface determined by the equivalent effect numbers
of cumulative single axle loads of one lane, highway classification, and pavement structure
type within the design period.
2.1.11 Maximum grain size
Minimum standard sieve opening size through which the passing rate of mixture is 100% .
2.1.12 Nominal maximum grain size
Minimum standard sieve opening size through which the passing rate of mixture is between 90%~100% .
2.1.13 Seal coat
The asphalt thin course that is paved on the asphalt surface course, on the base, or between
asphalt courses to prevent rainwater from seeping downward.
2.1.14 Slurry seal coat
Stone chips or sands and fillers(cement, lime, fly ash, stone powder, etc,)that have a certain
gradation are mixed with emulsified bitumen, admixture, and water based on certain ratios to
form a flowable mixture, which is then evenly spreaded onto the pavement surface.
2.1.15 Micro-surfacing
Stone chips or sands and fillers(cement, lime, fly ash, stone powder, etc.)that have a certain
gradation are mixed with emulsified bitumen modified by polymer, admixture, and water
based on certain ratios to form a flowable mixture, which is then evenly spreaded onto the
pavement surface.
2.1.16 Tensile strength structural coefficient
It is the safety coefficient of the asphalt mixture, semi-rigid material under the fatigue action,
which is determined by the ratio of failure strength under one-off loading and the failure
strength under different stresses of fatigue action, and factors of highway classification, and
differences between lab and field, etc should also be considered.
2.1.17 Tolerated tension stress
It is the ratio of ultimate tensile strength of the mixture to the tensile strength structure coefficient.
2.1.18 Deflection combined correctness factor
It is the ratio of the site tested deflection value to the theoretical deflection value.
2.1.19 The most unfavorable season
It is the season in which the subgrade and pavement structure is in the most unfavorable situation.
2.1.20 Non-disadvantageous season
It is any season except the most unfavorable season.
2.2 Symbol
AC -- Dense gradation asphalt mixture
AC-C -- Dense gradation coarse asphalt mixture
AC-F -- Dense gradation fine asphalt mixture
SMA -- Asphalt mastic macadam mixture
OGFC -- Open gradation asphalt wearing course (Open graded friction course)
AM -- Semi-open gradation asphalt macadam
ATB -- Dense gradation asphalt stabilized macadam (Asphalt treated base)
ATPB -- Open gradation asphalt stabilized macadam (Asphalt treated permeable base)
3 General Provisions
3.1 Standard Axle Load and Design Traffic Volume
3.1.1 The pavement design should use 100kN of single axle load with two wheels as the
standard axle load, expressed as BZZ-100. The calculation parameters of standard axle load
are determined according to Table 3.1.1.
Table 3.1.1 Calculation Parameters of Standard Axle Load
Standard axle load BZZ-100 Standard axle load BZZ-100
Standard axle load P (kN) 100
Equivalent round diameter of a single tyre pressure
transmitting area d (cm)
Tire contact pressure p (MPa) 0.70 Centre distance between two tyres (cm) 1.5d
For highways that are mainly used by heavy vehicles carrying coal or construction materials,
the design calculation parameter should be selected specifically based on the actual
conditions after evaluation.
3.1.2 Axle loads of different types of vehicles should be converted into equivalent effect
numbers of single axle loads of standard axle load BZZ-100.
1 When the design deflection, and tension stress on the bottom of the asphalt course are
used as indexes, the axle load at various rating should be converted into equivalent
effect numbers (N) of standard axle load P according to Formula (3.1.2-1).
Where.
N-Eequivalent effect numbers of single axle loads (numbers/d) of standard axle load
when the design deflection and tension stress on the bottom of asphalt course are
regarded as indexes.
ni-Effect numbers (numbers/d) of axle load of various rating vehicle type being
converted .
P-Standard axle load (kN);
Pi-Axle load (kN) of various rating vehicle type being converted;
C1-Axle number factor of the vehicle type being converted;
C2-Tyre group factor of the vehicle type being converted, it is 1.0 for twin-tyre group,
6.4 for single tyre group and 0.38 for four-tyre group;
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