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HJ 2301-2017: Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant
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Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant
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HJ 2301-2017
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Basic data | Standard ID | HJ 2301-2017 (HJ2301-2017) | | Description (Translated English) | Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant | | Sector / Industry | Environmental Protection Industry Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | Z25 | | Word Count Estimation | 30,323 | | Date of Issue | 2017-05-21 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-06-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | Ministry of Ecology and Environment | HJ 2301-2017: Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant
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Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention and control for thermal power plant
National Environmental Protection Standard of the People 's Republic of China
Possible technical guidelines for pollution control of thermal power plants
Guideline on available technologies of pollution prevention
And control for thermal power plant
2017-05-21 release
2017-06-01 Implementation
Ministry of Environmental Protection released
Directory
Preface .ii
1 Scope of application 1
2 normative reference document 1
3 Terms and Definitions
4 process pollution prevention and control technology 1
5 Flue gas pollution control technology
6 Flue gas ultra low emission technology route
7 Water Pollution Control Technology
8 Noise Control Technology
Comprehensive Utilization and Disposal Technology of Solid Waste
Foreword
To implement the "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and other laws and regulations, prevention and control of environmental pollution, improve the environmental protection technology and
Management work, the development of this standard.
This standard defines the thermal power plant process pollution, smoke pollution and water pollution prevention and control technology, and noise control technology and solid
Comprehensive Utilization and Disposal Technology of Waste.
This standard is a guide document.
This standard is the first release.
This standard is organized by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science and Technology Standards Division.
The drafting unit of this standard. Guodian Environmental Protection Research Institute, China Power Engineering Consulting Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang University, Fujian dragon
Net Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Feida Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Guodian Longyuan Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing
New Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Environmental Engineering Assessment Center for Environmental Protection, Beijing Institute of Labor Protection Science.
The Environmental Protection Department of this standard approved on May 21,.2017.
This standard has been implemented since June 1,.2017.
This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Possible technical guidelines for pollution control of thermal power plants
1 Scope of application
This standard clarifies the feasible technology and the best feasible technology of pollution prevention and control of thermal power plant.
This standard applies to GB 13223 in the provisions of the thermal power enterprises, including flue gas pollution control technology to 100MW and above coal-fired power
Plant flue gas treatment as the focus.
2 normative reference documents
This standard refers to the following documents or the terms thereof. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard.
GB 252 ordinary diesel
Standard for Hazardous Waste Identification
Emission standard of air pollutants in thermal power plants GB 13223
Safety standard for safe landfill pollution of hazardous wastes GB 18598
Standard for Pollution Control of Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Waste
Code for fire protection of building design GB 50016
GB 50192 river harbor engineering design specification
Code for design of large and medium - sized thermal power plants GB 50660
DL/T 1493 coal - fired power plant ultra - clean bag compound dust collector
Technical specification for selective flue gas denitrification in thermal power plants - Selective catalytic reduction method
Technical specification for selective flue gas denitrification in thermal power plants - Selective non - catalytic reduction method
Technical specification for operation and management of flue gas treatment facilities in thermal power plant
JB/T 11829 coal - fired power plant with electric bag compound dust collector
JTJ 211 harbor general plan design specification
3 terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1 standard state standard condition
The temperature is 273K, the pressure of 101325Pa when the state, referred to as "standard". This standard relates to the concentration of air pollutants,
Special instructions, are under the standard dry smoke, oxygen content of 6% as a benchmark.
3.2 feasible technology available technology
For the thermal power plant production process may produce pollution in the domestic thermal power plants have been applied to achieve national pollutant emissions (control)
Standard pollution prevention and control technology and secondary pollution prevention and control technology, referred to as "feasible technology."
3.3 Best Available Technology best available technology
In the feasible technology, taking into account the environment, energy, economic and other factors, can be achieved to achieve the maximum emission reduction technology
Surgery
3.4 particulate matter particulate matter
The solid and liquid particulate matter suspended in the flue gas, including the dust particles and the flue gas desulfurization which are not fully collected by the precipitator,
The secondary particles produced during the denitrification process.
3.5 ultra-low emission
The concentration of SO2 and NOX in the flue gas of coal-fired power plants is not higher than 10 mg/m3, 35 mg/m3 and 50 mg/m3 respectively.
4 process pollution prevention and control technology
4.1 dust handling, transportation and storage of dust prevention and control technology
4.1.1 Coal-fired power plant coal handling, transportation and storage facilities should be designed according to GB 50660 requirements.
4.1.2 coal-fired power plant coal handling should be taken to close, spray, etc. to prevent dust pollution. When the water is coal, it is dedicated to unloading coal wharf
Design should be consistent with JTJ 211 and GB 50192 environmental requirements, unloading machinery should adopt bridge grab rope traction unloader, closed snail
2 off the ship. When the car to coal, the coal station should adopt the seam coal slot coal unloading device, in addition to the car into the outlet should take closed measures. iron
Road to coal, coal unloading facilities in addition to the train into the exit should be taken outside the measures.
4.1.3 In the process of coal transportation in the factory, the coal transportation bridge and the coal transportation station shall be sealed and the round pipe belt conveyor may be used and
Configure the dust collector as needed. Dust catcher can be based on the actual situation of coal volatiles choose bag filter or dry electrostatic precipitator and red
The combination of wet, dust and ventilated electrostatic precipitators is shown in Table 1. Wet dust produced by coal waste
Water to be treated.
4.1.4 coal storage in the factory should take closed coal field. Closed coal yard can use bar closed coal field, round closed coal field, silo type
Coal field and so on. Coal spoiler should be set up to prevent coal spontaneous combustion. Can not be closed to the coal field can be considered wind and dust suppression network, wind four
The above weather conditions, wind and dust suppression network should be greater than 60%. Storage site should be based on environmental requirements, climate characteristics, large storage of coal
Small factors such as selection of appropriate dust control measures, see Table 1.
Table 1 Coal handling, storage and transportation process dust control feasible technology
Dust prevention and control link feasible technology applicability
Coal handling operations
Cheng Dian dust prevention and control
(1) closed spiral unloader, bridge grab rope traction ship unloader water to coal
(2) seam coal slot coal unloading device, both sides of the closed car to coal
(3) coal unloading facilities in addition to the exit should be taken outside the railway measures to coal
Factory coal transport for
Industrial process dust control
(1) round pipe belt conveyor or closed coal bridge is suitable for all power plant coal transportation
(2) transfer station with bag filter for a variety of coal
(3) transfer station with electrostatic precipitator for low-volatile coal
(4) transfer station using wet dust collector and wet electrostatic precipitator combination for a variety of coal, more sensitive areas of the environment
Plant storage site dust
Control
(1) open field coal field spray device, dry coal shed, the surrounding green
Applicable to rainy, humid areas in the south and no around
Environmentally sensitive target of the existing coal field
(2) Opencast coal field Sprinkler and wind and dust suppression network combination for non-closed coal field
(3) storage silo configuration library top filter is suitable for small coal storage, coal requirements of high power plant
(4) Closed coal field setting Sprinkler is suitable for closed coal fields
4.2 dust removal agent handling, transportation and storage of dust prevention and control technology
4.2.1 Common desulfurization agent for lime or limestone powder.
4.2.2 loading and unloading operation dust prevention and control should be used to configure the unloading tanker unloading equipment, such as Roots blower.
4.2.3 transport dust control should be used closed tanker.
4.2.4 storage dust control should be used in storage silo bag filter, the material when the dust separation and collection of dust should also be used in addition to bag
Dust.
4.3 ash field dust prevention and control technology
4.3.1 Power plant ash field should be used in blocks, to minimize the operating surface.
4.3.2 For the dry ash field, adjust the wet ash through the dump truck to the ash field, timely paving, sprinkler, rolling, wind speed should be suspended
Industry, if necessary, can be covered.
4.3.3 For the ash field, the ash field surface should be covered with water.
4.4 liquid ammonia, ammonia water handling, transportation and storage pollution prevention and control technology
4.4.1 Liquid ammonia, ammonia water selection and design should meet the requirements of GB 50660.
4.4.2 Liquid ammonia, ammonia water handling, transportation, storage should meet the requirements of HJ 562 and HJ 563.
4.4.3 Liquid ammonia tank area is a fire hazard Class B places, and the fire spacing of buildings should meet the requirements of GB 50016.
5 Flue gas pollution control technology
5.1 General provisions
5.1.1 Flue gas pollution control mainly used flue gas dust, desulfurization, low nitrogen combustion and flue gas denitrification, mercury pollution control technology.
5.1.2 Coal-fired power plant dust removal, desulfurization and denitrification and other environmental protection facilities on the removal of mercury is obvious, most of the power plants can be achieved. For a
Do not burn high mercury coal, mercury emissions exceeding the power plant, you can use a single mercury removal technology.
5.1.3 should be from the boiler ignition method, into the furnace coal ratio, boiler air supply and lifting load rate control, flue gas management facilities
Line conditions, etc., as far as possible to reduce the unit when the start of flue gas emissions and emissions.
5.1.4 The boiler shall be operated with a plasma ignition or a clean fuel (eg natural gas, ordinary diesel as specified in GB 252-2015)
Ignition, once the start of pulverized coal to burn, in addition to dry flue gas desulfurization and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) flue gas denitrification other than
All flue gas treatment facilities must be operated.
5.1.5 The boiler shutdown phase must ensure that all flue gas treatment facilities are operating normally. Furnace to stop the pulverized coal and other fuels, to ensure that the unit
Operation and safety, the flue gas treatment facility that can still be operated should continue to operate.
5.1.6 Operation and management of flue gas pollution control facilities According to HJ 2040 implementation.
5.2 Flue gas dust removal technology
5.2.1 General provisions
5.2.1.1 Coal-fired power plant flue gas dust mainly used ESP, electronic bag dust and bag dust removal technology.
5.2.1.2 Dust removal technology should be selected according to environmental requirements, coal-burning properties, fly ash properties, site conditions, power plant scale and boiler type.
select.
5.2.2 ESP technology
5.2.2.1 Technical principles
A) ESP technology is in the high voltage electric field, so that suspended in the flue gas in the smoke or particles by the role of gas ionization charge,
Charged particles in the electric field force, the opposite polarity of the electrode movement, and adsorption on the electrode, by rapping, water film removal, etc.
Its off from the electrode surface, to achieve the whole process of dust. According to the electrode surface ash removal is water, divided into dry electric dust and wet
ESP. Dry ESP is often referred to as ESP, wet dust is often called wet.
B) for the electrostatic precipitator power supply mainly high-frequency power supply, three-phase power supply, constant current power supply, pulse power and power frequency and so on.
5.2.2.2 Technical characteristics and applicability
A) technical characteristics
Electrostatic dust removal technology has the advantages of high efficiency of dust removal, wide application range, low running cost, easy maintenance and use, no secondary pollution,
But its dust removal efficiency by coal, ash and other large impact, and covers an area of larger.
B) Technical applicability
The ESP technology is suitable for the removal of soot in the range of 1 × 104 Ω · cm ~ 1 × 1011 Ω · cm, which can be used in a wide range
Temperature, pressure and dust concentration conditions.
C) the main factors affecting performance
The main factors that affect the performance of the electrostatic precipitator are working conditions, the technical condition and operating conditions of the electrostatic precipitator.
D) Pollutant emissions and energy consumption
Electrostatic precipitator dust removal efficiency of 99.20% to 99.85%, export dust concentration can reach 20mg/m3 below its energy consumption mainly for power consumption.
Electrostatic precipitators use high-frequency, pulse and other new power supply, compared with the use of power frequency power supply can reduce pollutant emissions or in the same
Energy efficiency under dust removal efficiency.
E) the main problem of existence
Conventional electric dust removal technology there is a high specific resistance to dust caused by anti-corona, vibration caused by the secondary dust and fine dust charge is not sufficient
And so on lead to the problem of dust removal efficiency.
5.2.2.3 Technology development and application
A) Low and low temperature electric dust removal technology
① low temperature electric dust removal technology is through the flue gas cooler to reduce the electrostatic precipitator inlet flue gas temperature to the acid dew point below the electric dust removal technology
Surgery Smoke and dust than the resistance dropped significantly, flue gas flow decreased, can achieve a higher efficiency of dust removal; the same time, the smoke in the SO3 gas
Condensed into liquid sulfuric acid mist, through the flue gas adsorption and chemical reactions, can remove most of the flue gas SO3; in the same to achieve the same
Dust efficiency, compared with the conventional dry-type electrostatic precipitator, low-temperature electrostatic precipitator can reduce the number of electric field, the flow area can be reduced,
Running power reduction, energy saving effect is obvious. But the smoke than the resistance will reduce the resistance to capture the anode plate dust electrostatic adhesion, and thus
Resulting in an increase in secondary dust.
② low temperature electrostatic precipitator for ash and sulfur ratio greater than 100 flue gas conditions, ash and sulfur ratio refers to the low temperature economizer (flue gas cooler)
The ratio of the mass concentration of soot in the flue gas to the SO3 mass concentration.
B) wet dust removal technology
① wet dust removal technology is the use of water film to remove the particles adsorbed on the electrode. According to the shape of the anode plate, wet electrostatic precipitator points
For the plate and tube, etc., the application is more tube type in the honeycomb and plate. Wet electrostatic precipitator installed in the desulfurization equipment, can be effective
Removal of dust and wet desulfurization of secondary particles produced, and can be synergistic removal of SO3, mercury and its compounds.
② The main factors that affect the performance of wet electrostatic precipitator are wet type electrostatic precipitator structure type, inlet concentration, particle size distribution, air flow
Distribution, dust collector technical conditions and flushing water.
③ wet electric precipitator in addition to power consumption, there are water consumption, alkali consumption, efflux waste should be considered as a wet desulfurization system to add water.
C) High frequency power supply technology
① high-frequency power supply is the application of high-frequency switching technology, the frequency of three-phase AC power by rectifier, high frequency inverter, boost, secondary rectification
Out of the DC high-voltage high-voltage power supply.
4 ② high-frequency power supply in the pure DC power supply, soot emissions can be reduced by 30% to 50%; high-frequency power supply in the intermittent pulse power
, Can save 50% to 70%; high-frequency power control flexible, its own efficiency and power factor is high, up to 0.95; also with
Has a light weight, small size, compact structure, three-phase balance and other characteristics, in the coal-fired power plant has been widely used.
D) Pulse power technology
① pulse power is supporting the use of new high-voltage power supply, usually by a DC high voltage unit and a pulse unit superimposed
Composition, DC high voltage unit can be used power frequency, three-phase power supply, high-frequency power supply. Pulsed power supply can greatly increase the peak of the electric field
Voltage, pulse voltage width is generally 120μs and below.
② pulse power to improve the electric field voltage at the same time can maintain a low average DC current, inhibit the occurrence of anti-corona, so can mention
High dust removal efficiency; pulse high voltage, pulse repetition frequency and other parameters are individually adjustable, the different conditions of dust changes have a good adaptability.
Under the same conditions, compared with the power frequency, can reduce dust emissions by more than 50%, reduce energy consumption by 30% to 70%, there are a number of power plants into
Power application.
E) mobile electrode, off-line rapping and other cleaning technology
① mobile electrode is to change the traditional tamper cleaning for the cleaning brush cleaning, to avoid the phenomenon of anti-corona and minimize the secondary
Dust, increase the speed of dust drive, can improve the efficiency of dust, but its equipment design, manufacture, installation process requires a higher.
② off-line vibration cleaning is the need to clean the flue gas outlet or into the export flue gas baffle closed, and stop the power supply, the vibration
Playing clean, a significant reduction in the cleaning process of the second dust. Baffle shut down will affect the current within the electrostatic precipitator body, need to adjust the air volume
The whole device to prevent the deterioration of the flow field. Generally in the electric precipitator at the end of the electric field, has a number of successful application of power plants.
F) Electromechanical multi - duplex double - zone ESP technology
① electromechanical multi-compound double-zone ESP technology is charged area and dust collection area alternately arranged, charged area and dust collection area were power supply electrostatic precipitator
technology. The charging area is made up of a very polished form with a discharge capacity and is arranged at the front end of the dust collecting area. The dust collecting area is assisted by a combination of several
Corona pole and anode plate paired, running high voltage, uniform field strength, corona current is small, can effectively inhibit the anti-corona.
② because the tube corona pole surface area, can capture positive ion dust, so as to achieve energy saving and improve the efficiency of dust removal purposes. one
Like the layout of the end of the electric field, single room applications need to add a set of high-voltage equipment.
G) Electrocoagulation technology
Electrocoagulation technology is through the bipolar charge and spoiler polymerization to achieve the effective cohesion of fine particles, the formation of large particles by the electrostatic precipitator effective
Collection, is to reduce the emission of fine particulate matter electrostatic precipitator synergistic technology, the pressure drop is less than 250 Pa.
5.2.2.4 Main process parameters and effects
A) dry type electrostatic precipitator
The main process parameters and effect of dry electrostatic precipitator are shown in Table 2. The method of evaluating the difficulty of dust removal of dry coal dust collector is shown in Table
3.
Table 2 dry process electrostatic precipitator of the main process parameters and effects
The main process parameters and effects of the project unit
Inlet flue temperature ℃
Dry type electrostatic precipitator (none)
Low Low Temperature Electrostatic Precipitator (90 ± 5)
The same distance mm 300 ~ 500
Flue gas flow rate m/s 0.8 ~ 1.2
Air Distribution Uniformity Relative Root Mean Square Difference - ≤ 0.25
Ash-sulfur ratio - > 100 (low-temperature electrostatic precipitator)
Pressure drop Pa ≤...
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