HJ 836-2017 PDF English
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Stationary source emission--Determination of mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration--Manual gravimetric method
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HJ 836-2017: PDF in English HJ 836-2017
HJ
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 29, 2017
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2018
Issued by: Ministry of Environment Protection
Stationary source emission - Determination of mass
concentration of particulate matter at low
concentration - Manual gravimetric method
1 Scope
This standard specifies a manual gravimetric method for the determination of
mass concentration of particulate matter at low concentration from stationary
source emission.
This standard applies to the determination of particulate matter in various types
of coal-fired, fuel-fired, gas-fired boilers, industrial kilns, stationary gas turbines,
other stationary pollution sources.
This standard applies to the determination of low-concentration particulate
matter. When the determination result is greater than 50 mg/m3, it is expressed
as "> 50 mg/m3".
When the sampling volume is 1 m3, the detection limit of this standard method
is 1.0 mg/m3.
2 Normative references
The content of this standard refers to the following documents or their clauses.
For undated reference documents, the effective version is applicable to this
standard.
GB/T 16157 The determination of particulates and sampling methods of
gaseous pollutants emitted from exhaust gas of stationary source
HJ 76 Specifications and test procedures for continuous emission monitoring
system for SO2, NOX and particulate matter in stack gas emitted from
stationary
HJ 656 Technical specification for manual monitoring method (gravimetric
method) of ambient air particulate matter (PM2.5)
HJ/T 48 Technical requirements for soot sampler
HJ/T 373 Quality assurance and quality control technical specifications for
monitoring of stationary pollution source
HJ/T 397 Technical specifications for monitoring of stationary emission
sources
JJG 1036 Electronic balance
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Particulate matter
Solid and liquid particulate matter suspended in the exhaust gas produced
by the combustion, synthesis, decomposition of fuel and other materials, as
well as the mechanical processing of various materials.
3.2
Dry waste gas of standard condition
Exhaust gas containing no moisture at a temperature of 273.15 K and a
pressure of 101325 Pa. Unless otherwise specified, the volume and
concentration referred to in this standard are the volume and concentration
of dry waste gas under standard conditions.
3.3
Isokinetic sampling
The plane of the sampling nozzle is directly facing the exhaust gas flow, so
that the airflow velocity entering the sampling nozzle is equal to the exhaust
gas flow rate at the measuring point.
3.4
In-stack filtration
The method of isokinetic sampling of particulate matter in the stack and
trapping the particulate matter on the filter medium in the stack. The
schematic diagram of the filtering and sampling device in the stack is as
shown in Figure 1.
99.9%.
b) Choose quartz or PTFE filter membrane. The filter membrane material
shall not absorb or chemically react with gaseous compounds in the
exhaust gas. It shall maintain thermal stability at the maximum sampling
temperature and avoid quality loss.
6 Apparatus and equipment
6.1 Measuring device for moisture of exhaust gas
6.1.1 Measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method
The measuring device for condensation method and gravimetric method shall
meet the requirements of the condensation method and gravimetric method in
GB/T 16157 for the determination of moisture content in exhaust gas.
6.1.2 Measuring device for instrument method
The instrument method measurement device is usually composed of a
sampling unit, a humidity analysis unit, a data processing and recording unit,
which shall have a humidity calibration function.
6.2 Measuring device for exhaust gas temperature, pressure and flow rate
The exhaust gas's temperature measurement device shall meet the
requirements of the exhaust gas temperature measurement device in GB/T
16157; the exhaust gas's pressure and flow rate measurement device shall
meet the requirements of the exhaust gas pressure and flow rate measurement
device in GB/T 16157.
6.3 Sampling device for exhaust particles
6.3.1 Composition of sampling device
The particulate matter sampling device is composed of a combined sampling
tube, a cooling and drying system, a suction pump unit, a gas metering system,
connecting pipelines. Except that the filter cartridge and filter cartridge sampling
tube are replaced by a low-concentration sampling probe and a sampling probe
fixing device in the combined sampling tube, the rest of the sampling device
shall meet the requirements of the sampling device in HJ/T 48. This standard
lists a common particle sampling tube and sampling probe structure.
6.3.2 Sampling tube
The sampling tube shall be made of corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant
materials. The sampling tube shall have sufficient strength and length and have
7.2.2 Prepare sampling probes according to the number of samples to be
collected. Plug the sampling nozzle of the sampling probe that has been
weighed according to 8.2.2 by the use of a polytetrafluoroethylene material plug
and put it into an antistatic sealed bag or sealed box; put it into the sample box.
7.2.3 Calibrate the instantaneous flow accuracy and cumulative flow accuracy
of the particulate matter sampling device in accordance with the flow accuracy
requirements in HJ/T 48. For the pitot tube coefficient of the combined sampling
tube, it shall be calibrated once every six months. When the appearance of the
pitot tube changes significantly, it shall be checked, calibrated, or replaced in
time.
7.2.4 Make sure that the site working conditions, sampling point locations and
sampling holes, sampling platform, working power supply, lighting and safety
facilities meet the monitoring requirements.
7.2.5 Prepare sampling instruments, safety equipment and record forms for
monitoring.
7.3 Sample collection
7.3.1 According to the stack size actually measured on site, select the sampling
plane according to the requirements of 7.1; determine the number of sampling
points.
7.3.2 Record the basic situation of the site and clean up the dust accumulation
at the sampling hole.
7.3.3 Put the sampling probe into the combined sampling tube; fix it; record the
sampling probe's number.
7.3.4 Check whether the system is leaking; the leak detection shall meet the
requirements of on-site leak detection of the system in GB/T 16157.
7.3.5 Start sampling. For sampling procedures, refer to the requirements of
sampling procedures in GB/T 16157, or use microcomputer for parallel
automatic sampling according to the corresponding instrument operation
method. During sampling, the suction speed of the sampling nozzle and the
airflow velocity at the measuring point shall be basically equal, with a relative
error of less than 10%. When the moisture in the flue gas affects the normal
sampling, it shall turn on the heating function of the sampling probe's fixing
device on the sampling tube. Heating shall ensure smooth sampling; the
temperature shall not exceed 110 °C.
7.3.6 After sampling, remove the sampling probe; plug the sampling nozzle with
a polytetrafluoroethylene material cover; put the sampling probe in an antistatic
box or sealed bag; then put it into the sample box.
of 180 °C or 20 °C higher than the flue temperature (whichever is higher).
After cooling, the filter membrane and the stainless steel support net are sealed
together with the front bend by the use of a sealing aluminum ring, then placed
in a constant temperature and humidity equipment for at least 24 hours.
8.2.2 Pre-sampling weighing
Select the sampling probe that has been processed and balanced according to
8.2.1. Weigh it by a balance in the constant temperature and humidity
equipment. Weigh each sample twice, the interval between each weighing shall
be greater than 1 h; the maximum deviation between the two weighing results
shall be within 0.20 mg. Record the weighing result; take the average of the 2
weighing results as the weighing result. When the mass difference between the
same sampling probe in the two weighing is greater than 0.20 mg, the
corresponding sampling probe can be rebalanced for at least 24 hours before
weighing. If the difference between the mass as weighed after the second
balance and the mass of previous weighing is still greater than 0.20 mg, the
corresponding sampling probe can be rebalanced for at least 24 h and then
weighed. If the difference between the mass as weighed after the third balance
and the mass of the previous weighing is still greater than 0.20 mg, after
confirming the balance of the weighing instrument and the correct operation,
this sample is discarded.
8.2.3 Post-sampling processing
After the sampling probe sampled in accordance with 7.3 is transported back to
the laboratory, use the quartz wool dipped in acetone to wipe and clean the
outer surface of the sampling probe. The cleaning process shall be carried out
in a fume hood. After cleaning, bake the sampling probe in an oven at a
temperature of 105 ~ 110 °C for 1 hour. After the sampling probe is dry and
cooled, put it in a constant temperature and humidity equipment for at least 24
hours. It shall be ensured that the equilibrium conditions of the constant
temperature and humidity equipment before and after sampling remain
unchanged.
8.2.4 Post-sampling weighing
Weigh the sampling probe which was balanced according to 8.2.3, by the use
of a balance in a constant temperature and humidity equipment. The weighing
steps and requirements are the same as in 8.2.2. The difference between the
weight of the sampling probe before and after sampling is the amount of
particulate matter taken.
The weighed sampling probe shall be checked to see whether there is any
damage to the filter membrane or other abnormal conditions. If there is an
the influence as caused by static balance.
b) Ensure that the same weighing component is weighed on the same
balance before and after sampling; avoid errors caused by different
personnel before and after weighing.
c) Before and after sampling, wear powder-free, antistatic disposable gloves
when placing, installing, removing, marking, transferring sampling parts.
10.3 Quality control during sampling
10.3.1 The quality assurance measures for on-site sampling shall meet the
requirements for on-site sampling quality assurance measures in HJ/T 397.
10.3.2 During the sampling process, the ratio of the maximum flow velocity to
the minimum flow velocity of the sampling cross-section shall not be greater
than 3:1.
10.3.3 The sampling tube shall be cleaned in time on site to reduce sample
contamination.
10.3.4 Any sample whose weight is lower than the overall blank gain is invalid.
The product of overall blank gain as divided by the average volume of the
corresponding measurement series shall not exceed 10% of the emission limit.
10.3.5 When the site conditions permit, choose a sampling nozzle with a large
inlet diameter as much as possible.
10.3.6 When collecting samples, ensure that the weight gain of each sample is
not less than 1 mg, or the sampling volume is not less than 1 m3.
10.3.7 When the concentration of particulate matter is lower than the detection
limit of the method, the corresponding overall blank gain shall be no more than
0.5 mg; the weight loss shall be no more than 0.5 mg.
10.3.8 When measuring paired train samples, the relative deviation of the
paired train samples shall not be greater than the maximum allowable relative
deviation.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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