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GB/T 4130.2-2024: Acoustics - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration
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Acoustics - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration
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GB/T 4130.2-2024
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 4130.2-2024 (GB/T4130.2-2024) | | Description (Translated English) | Acoustics - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A59 | | Classification of International Standard | 17.140 | | Word Count Estimation | 46,455 | | Date of Issue | 2024-12-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2025-07-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 4130-2017 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 4130.2-2024: Acoustics - Calibration of hydrophones - Part 2: Procedures for low frequency pressure calibration
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ICS 17.140
CCSA59
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 4130-2017
Acoustic Hydrophone Calibration
Part 2.Low frequency sound pressure field calibration method
(IEC 60565-2.2019,Underwateracoustics-Hydrophones-Calibrationof
Released on 2024-12-31
2025-07-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
The National Standardization Administration issued
Table of Contents
Preface V
Introduction VI
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Symbols 4
5 Calibration Step 5
5.1 Principle 5
5.2 Sound field limitation 5
5.3 Calibration scheme 5
5.4 Results Report 6
5.5 Recalibration cycle 6
5.6 Temperature and pressure considerations for calibration 6
5.7 Transducer Preparation 6
6 Electrical Measurements 6
6.1 Signal Type 6
6.2 Grounding 6
6.3 Hydrophone output voltage measurement 7
6.3.1 General 7
6.3.2 Electrical load of measuring instruments 7
6.3.3 Electrical load of extension cables 7
6.3.4 Crosstalk and acoustic interference 7
6.3.5 Built-in preamplifier 7
6.4 Transmitter Current Measurement 7
7 Hydrostatic excitation calibration 7
7.1 Overview 7
7.2 Principle 7
7.2.1 Determination of alternating pressure 7
7.2.2 Determination of correction factors 8
7.2.3 Determination of equivalent height 9
7.2.4 Calculation of hydrophone sound pressure sensitivity 10
7.3 Design of vibration systems 10
7.4 Hydrostatic Excitation Alternative 10
7.5 Measurement uncertainty 11
8 Piezoelectric compensation calibration 11
8.1 Overview 11
8.2 Principle 11
8.2.1 Determination of sound pressure 11
8.2.2 Determination of characteristic constants 12
8.2.3 Calculation of hydrophone sound pressure sensitivity 12
8.3 Design of the calibration chamber 12
8.3.1 Overview 12
8.3.2 Low frequency cavity 12
8.3.3 High frequency cavity 13
8.4 Implementation limitations of piezoelectric compensation 13
8.5 Comparative calibration method 14
8.6 Measurement uncertainty 14
9 Acoustic Coupler Cavity Reciprocity Calibration 14
9.1 Overview 14
9.2 Principle 14
9.2.1 Reciprocity Principle of Acoustic Coupled Cavity 14
9.2.2 Reciprocity calibration steps 15
9.2.3 Calculation of transfer impedance 15
9.2.4 Determination of Tone Compliance 16
9.3 Limitations of the Reciprocity Method for Acoustically Coupled Cavities 16
9.3.1 Frequency Limitation 16
9.3.2 Limitations of hydrophones 16
9.4 Measurement 16
9.4.1 General 16
9.4.2 Impact of interference 17
9.4.3 Reciprocity Verification 17
9.4.4 Verification of Linearity 17
9.5 Measurement uncertainty 17
10 Pistonphone Calibration 17
10.1 Overview 17
10.2 Principle 18
10.2.1 Determination of sound pressure 18
10.2.2 Determination of medium compliance 18
10.2.3 Calculation of hydrophone sound pressure sensitivity 18
10.3 Restrictions 18
10.4 Comparison Calibration 19
10.4.1 Comparative calibration using a reference transducer 19
10.4.2 Comparative calibration using an air-water pistonphone 19
10.5 Measurement uncertainty 20
11 Calibration of vibrating liquid column method 20
11.1 Overview 20
11.2 Principle 20
11.2.1 General 20
11.2.2 Expression of sound pressure 21
11.2.3 Determination of sensitivity 21
11.3 Measurement conditions 22
11.3.1 Mechanical conditions 22
11.3.2 Acoustic conditions 23
11.4 Comparative Calibration 23
11.5 Measurement uncertainty 24
12 Calibration of static pressure transducer method 24
12.1 Overview 24
12.2 Principle 24
12.2.1 Principles of static pressure calibration 24
12.2.2 Determination of the sensitivity of the static pressure transducer 25
12.2.3 Calculation of sound pressure sensitivity 25
12.3 Limitations 25
12.4 Measurement uncertainty 25
Appendix A (Informative) Improved Acoustic Coupler Cavity Calibration Method 26
A.1 Overview 26
A.2 Acoustic Coupler Calibration Based on Reference Coupler Cavity 27
A.2.1 Overview 27
A.2.2 Theory 27
A.3 Calibration of acoustic coupling cavity method based on reference coupling cavity and sound source 28
A.3.1 Overview 28
A.3.2 Theory 28
A.4 Calibration of the acoustic coupling cavity method based on a coupling cavity and a known acoustic compliance auxiliary block 29
A.4.1 Overview 29
A.4.2 Theory 30
Appendix B (Informative) Uncertainty Assessment of Hydrophone Low-Frequency Sound Pressure Field Calibration 32
B.1 Overview 32
B.2 Type A uncertainty assessment 32
B.3 Type B uncertainty assessment 32
B.4 Reporting of uncertainty 32
B.5 Common sources of uncertainty 32
Reference 35
Foreword
This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents"
Drafting.
This document is part 2 of GB/T 4130 "Calibration of acoustic hydrophones". GB/T 4130 has been published in the following parts.
--- Part 2.Low frequency sound pressure field calibration method.
This document replaces GB/T 4130-2017 "Low-frequency calibration method for acoustic hydrophones". Compared with GB/T 4130-2017, except for the structure
In addition to adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows.
--- Added calibration steps (see Chapter 5);
--- Added electrical measurements (see Chapter 6);
--- Added the hydrostatic excitation method alternative (see 7.4);
--- Added pistonphone calibration (see Chapter 10);
--- Added static pressure transducer calibration (see Chapter 12);
--- Deleted the determination of hydrophone voltage coupling loss (see Appendix A of the.2017 edition);
--- Incorporate the determination of equivalent height into the hydrostatic excitation method calibration (see 7.2.3, Appendix B of the.2017 edition);
--- Incorporate the measurement method of the characteristic constants of the piezoelectric compensation transducer into the piezoelectric compensation method calibration (see 8.2.2, Appendix C of the.2017 edition).
This document is equivalent to IEC 60565-2.2019 "Hydroacoustics - Hydrophone calibration - Part 2.Low frequency sound pressure field calibration"
step".
The following minimal editorial changes were made to this document.
--- In order to coordinate with the existing standards, the name of the standard is changed to "Acoustic hydrophone calibration part 2.low frequency sound pressure field calibration method";
--- Corrected the error in the original IEC text and moved the normative reference ISO /IEC Guide 98-3 from the references to Chapter 2.
Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents.
This document was proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Acoustic Standardization (SAC/TC17).
This document was drafted by. China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation 715 Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Acoustics, China Testing Technology
Institute, China National Institute of Metrology, Haiying Enterprise Group Co., Ltd., Harbin Engineering University.
The main drafters of this document are. Chen Yi, Mo Xiping, Huang Yongjun, Sun Lei, Xu Zhuohua, Wang Min, Fei Teng, Lin Jinhu, Wang Shiquan, Li Peng, Li Zhi,
Li Wenjing, Tang Rui, Pan Chao, and Wang Weiyin.
The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows.
---First published in 1984 as GB/T 4130-1984;
---First revised in.2000, second revised in.2017;
---This is the third revision.
Introduction
Hydrophones are used to convert underwater acoustic signals into electrical signals and are the core of sonar, underwater noise measurement systems, marine acoustic instruments and other equipment.
To ensure the accuracy and reliability of their measurement results, they need to be calibrated before use.
GB/T 4130 "Calibration of Acoustic Hydrophones" describes the calibration method of hydrophones, which aims to standardize and guide the calibration of hydrophones.
It consists of parts.
--- Part 1.Free-field calibration method. The purpose is to establish the free-field calibration of hydrophones and transducers in the frequency range of.200 Hz to 1 MHz.
Free-field calibration method.
--- Part 2.Low-frequency sound pressure field calibration method. The purpose is to establish the low-frequency sound pressure field calibration method of hydrophones in the frequency range of 0.01 Hz to several kilohertz.
Calibration method in high-frequency sound pressure field.
To ensure the accuracy of the calibration, the hydrophone to be calibrated should be a "rigid" hydrophone, which is small in size compared to the wavelength of the sound and
Insensitive to vibration during calibration.
This document presents the hydrostatic excitation method, piezoelectric compensation method, acoustic coupling cavity reciprocity method, pistonphone method, vibrating liquid column method and hydrostatic transduction method.
The principles, steps and measurement uncertainty of physical calibration methods such as the hydrophone method. One of the above methods can be used to calibrate the hydrophone.
The choice depends on the principle used and the limitations of the sound field and frequency.
Acoustic Hydrophone Calibration
Part 2.Low frequency sound pressure field calibration method
1 Scope
This document specifies the method for calibrating the low-frequency sound pressure field of a hydrophone in the frequency range of 0.01 Hz to several kilohertz. The calibrated frequency range depends on the
depending on the calibration method used.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document.
For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to
This document.
ISO /IEC Guide 98-3 Uncertainty of measurement Part 3.Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
Note. GB/T 27418-2017 Evaluation and expression of measurement uncertainty (ISO /IEC Guide 98-3..2008, MOD)
Note. GB/T 2900.86-2009 Electrical terminology - acoustics and electroacoustics (IEC 60050-801.1994, IDT)
IEC 60500.2017 Underwater acoustics - Hydrophones - Characteristics of hydrophones in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 500 kHz
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in IEC 60050-801 and IEC 60500.2017 and listed below apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases used for standardization at the following URLs.
3.1
Coupler
A rigid fluid-filled cavity into which a transducer and a hydrophone can be inserted, the maximum dimension of the cavity being less than the wavelength.
NOTE. In this document, the term "small cavity" is used interchangeably with coupled cavity.
[Source. IEC 60565.2006[1], 3.3, modified]
3.2
Diffraction factor
The root mean square value of the incident plane wave sound pressure from a given direction received by the hydrophone is equal to the value of the sound pressure at the reference center of the hydrophone after the hydrophone is removed.
The ratio of the free-field sound pressure to the RMS value.
Note. Perform spatial averaging first, then temporal averaging.
[Source. IEC 60500.2017, 3.3, modified]
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