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GB/T 3836.32-2021 English PDF

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GB/T 3836.32-2021: Explosive atmospheres - Part 32: Intrinsically safe systems with electronically controlled spark duration limitation
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Basic data

Standard ID GB/T 3836.32-2021 (GB/T3836.32-2021)
Description (Translated English) Explosive atmospheres - Part 32: Intrinsically safe systems with electronically controlled spark duration limitation
Sector / Industry National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard K35
Word Count Estimation 44,497
Issuing agency(ies) State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 3836.32-2021: Explosive atmospheres - Part 32: Intrinsically safe systems with electronically controlled spark duration limitation


---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Explosive atmospheres - Part 32.Intrinsically safe systems with electronically controlled spark duration limitation ICS 29.260.20 CCSK35 National Standards of People's Republic of China Explosive atmosphere. Part 32.Electronically controlled sparks Time-limited intrinsic safety system (IEC TS60079-39.2015, Explosive atmospheres-Part 39.Intrinsicalysafe Released on 2021-10-11 2022-05-01 implementation State Administration for Market Regulation Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee

Table of contents

Foreword Ⅰ Introduction Ⅲ 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Power-i structure 3 5 Requirements for Power-i devices 4 5.1 General 4 5.2 Power-i power supply 4 5.3 Power-i field device 5 5.4 Power-i connection line 6 5.5 Power-i Terminal 6 5.6 Test device for Power-i loop detection 7 5.7 Power-i application level 7 6 System requirements 8 6.1 Select Power-i current level allowed by Power-i power supply 8 6.2 Power-i system verification 8 7 Evaluation and testing 10 7.1 Procedure for determining safety-related parameters 10 7.2 Type test 10 7.3 Routine test 10 8 Power-i device logo 11 8.1 General 11 8.2 Examples of signs 11 9 Manual 12 Appendix A (informative) Power-i basic principle explanation and specific conditions 13 Appendix B (informative) Power-i device and system example 20 Appendix C (normative) Power-i safety parameter assessment 23 Appendix D (informative) Power-i device interconnection example (including Power-i cable for Power-i system) 36 Reference 37 Explosive atmosphere. Part 32.Electronically controlled sparks Time-limited intrinsic safety system

1 Scope

This document specifies the structure, test, installation and Technical requirements for maintenance. This document applies to intrinsically safe Power-i devices used in explosive environments and intrinsically safe circuits that enter explosive environments Related equipment connected and the connecting wires and cables between them. This document applies to electrical equipment of ⅡB, ⅡA, Ⅰ and Ⅲ classes with a voltage not greater than 40Vd.c. and a safety factor of 1.5; it also applies to Class IIC "ic" equipment with a safety factor of 1.0 and Class IIC "ib" equipment with a voltage not greater than 32Vd.c. and a safety factor of 1.5. This explosion-proof type is suitable for electrical equipment where the circuit itself cannot ignite the surrounding explosive environment. This document is applicable to intrinsically safe equipment and systems that use electronically controlled spark time limits to provide high-power power while maintaining a safe level. This document is also applicable to electrical appliances that are located outside hazardous locations or are protected by other types of explosion protection listed in GB/T 3836 (all parts). Equipment or electrical equipment components, in which the intrinsic safety of circuits located in an explosive environment depends on the safety of such electrical equipment or electrical equipment components. Design and structure. Circuits located in hazardous locations are evaluated in accordance with this document. This document does not apply to "ia" level circuits and software controlled circuits. This document is a supplement to GB/T 3836.1, GB/T 3836.4, GB/T 3836.15, GB/T 3836.16, GB/T 3836.18 and Revise.

2 Normative references

The content of the following documents constitutes an indispensable clause of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, dated quotations Only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; for undated reference documents, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to This document. GB/T 3836.1 Explosive environment Part 1.General requirements (GB/T 3836.1-2021, IEC 60079-0.2017, MOD) GB/T 3836.4 Explosive atmosphere Part 4.Equipment protected by intrinsically safe "i" (GB/T 3836.4-2021, IEC 60079-11.2006, MOD) GB/T 3836.15 Explosive atmosphere Part 15.Design, selection and installation of electrical devices (GB/T 3836.15-2017, IEC 60079-14.2007, MOD) GB/T 3836.16 Explosive atmosphere Part 16.Inspection and maintenance of electrical installations (GB/T 3836.16-2017, IEC 60079-17.2007, IDT) GB/T 3836.18 Explosive Atmosphere Part 18.Intrinsically Safe Electrical System (GB/T 3836.18-2017, IEC 60079- 25.2010, MOD)

3 Terms and definitions

The following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3836.1 and GB/T 3836.4 apply to this document. 3.1 Power-i It is a way to achieve intrinsic safety by limiting the voltage and current, while providing protection through the electronic control of the spark time limit. 5 Requirements for Power-i devices 5.1 General Power-i should be regarded as an overall system, so the following requirements apply to all Power-i devices. a) Under static or transient conditions (such as soft start), neither the Power-i cable nor the Power-i device should cause the spark pulse detection to fail. Therefore, Power-i requires overall consideration of the system; b) All Power-i devices and Power-i cables should be evaluated and tested in accordance with Appendix C; c) All Power-i devices should be classified according to 5.7; d) In addition to complying with the relevant requirements of GB/T 3836.1, GB/T 3836.4 and GB/T 3836.18, the Power-i device should also meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 3836.1, GB/T 3836.4 and GB/T 3836.18. Relevant requirements of other standards (for example, GB/T 3836.3, GB/T 3836.9 when applicable); e) When temperature effects and component tolerances will affect the time and sensitivity of the safety performance of the Power-i device, they should be considered; f) When conducting all the tests specified in this document, the safety functions (such as timing and sensitivity) of the Power-i device should be the most unfavorable The fault is applied to the device. 5.2 Power-i power supply Each Power-i system only allows one active Power-i power supply. Power-i power supply should be placed in the Power-i connection line (trunk) One end. The Power-i power supply should be able to detect closing sparks (sparks that occur when the current changes di/dt caused by a short circuit) and open circuit sparks (The spark that occurs when the current changes-di/dt caused by the open circuit), and when the spark pulse appears, the power supply output should be able to be quickly shut off. Figure 3 shows the core components of the Power-i power supply, with front-level safety-related voltage limiting and current limiting devices. In various operating modes, including the transition phase from the traditional intrinsic safety mode to the Power-i mode, if it exceeds The intrinsic safety parameters specified in GB/T 3836.4 and GB/T 3836.18, Power-i power supply should ensure that the current change ±di/dt detection will not Invalidate. Note. In the constant current mode, the current change di/dt may be suppressed, so no spark can be detected in this mode. Power-i power supply should meet the following relevant safety requirements. a) The output current Io-source and output voltage Uo-source of the Power-i power supply limited by the voltage-limiting and current-limiting device shall meet the requirements of Table 1 and Table 2. Require. b) The Power-i power supply should be able to detect the dynamic change of the output current Io±di/dt specified in C.3.2.And the power supply should be from Power-i The mode is switched to shutdown mode. c) In shutdown mode, the output current Ishutdown value may not be 0, but it should not exceed GB/T 3836.4 or GB/T 3836.18 When the corresponding safety factor is applied, the allowable current Io-GB is 50%. which is. Ishutdown≤0.5Io-GB d) Within 20 μs of the spark information detected by the Power-i power supply, the output current of the Power-i power supply should be equal to or less than the value of Io-GB 75%, that is, within the first 20μs of transition to shutdown mode, the transient output current Ishutdown-20μs is allowed to not exceed 75% of the Io-GB value (See Figure C.5). which is. Ishutdown-20μs≤0.75Io-GB e) The value of the transient output overshoot voltage Uovershoot-40μs exceeding the rated output voltage Uo-source within the maximum 40μs in the shutdown mode should not be large At 6V. which is. Uovershoot-40μs≤Uo-source 6V f) Power-i power supply shall meet the requirements of C.3.2 test procedure. g) The following Power-i power supply components (see Figure 3) are safety-related components and should comply with 5.1a) and d) for the corresponding explosion-proof type Require. ● Output voltage limiting unit (Uo-source) and output current limiting unit (Io-source); ● di/dt detector and -di/dt detector; ● Logic unit; ● Electronic switch. h) The output circuit of the Power-i power supply should be isolated from the ground, and the isolation should meet the requirements of GB/T 3836.4. 5.3 Power-i field device Power-i field device includes decoupling device and actual load. The Power-i field device shall connect the load from the Power-i connection line Decoupling. The design of the Power-i field device shall not affect the Power-i power supply to detect spark pulses in accordance with the requirements of this document. The Power-i field device should meet the following relevant safety requirements. a) It should be ensured that the attenuation method of the closing spark and the opening spark does not invalidate the detection of the Power-i power supply. b) Under normal conditions or fault conditions specified in GB/T 3836.4, the Power-i field device shall remain passive, that is, the field device shall not It should be the energy source of the system, except for the case where the leakage current is not more than 50μA. It is not necessary to consider the Li and Ci values of Power-i field devices according to GB/T 3836.4.The test procedures specified in C.3.3 have been considered. c) It shall have the explosion-proof type specified in GB/T 3836.1 and suitable for the corresponding explosive environment. d) It should have relevant safety parameters measured in accordance with C.3.3. Note. Due to the parallel connection with the Power-i cable, the Power-i response time of the field device can be ignored. e) All components related to the evaluation factor AFfielddevice and the results of transient pulse test (see C.3.3.4) should meet the requirements of 5.1a) Require. f) The input circuit of the Power-i field device should be isolated from the ground, and the isolation should meet the requirements of GB/T 3836.4. The field device in Figure 4 consists of a decoupling device and a load, which meets the above requirements and can be widely used. The figure shows the exact The basic structure of the field device to ensure that the closed and open sparks will not invalidate the detection of the Power-i power supply. The inductance L, capacitance C, all diodes and voltage-limiting units in Figure 4 are related to safety and should meet the requirements of 5.1 for the relevant explosion-proof type. The voltage-limiting unit should limit the positive voltage Y point () and X point (-) to 5V±1V when measuring from Y to X, and should meet the requirements of C.3.3.4 Require. The actual example of Figure 4 is shown in B.3. 5.4 Power-i cable The Power-i cable should meet the following requirements. a) The transmission method of spark pulses should not affect the detection of closed or open spark pulses. b) All Power-i cables (Power-i trunk cables, including all branch cables) should comply with GB/T 3836.4, GB/T 3836.18 Requirements related to GB/T 3836.15. c) The C-type multi-core (multi-channel) cable specified in GB/T 3836.18 is not suitable for Power-i connection lines. d) The system response time tresp-system depends entirely on the length and propagation delay of the Power-i trunk cable used, and should meet the requirements of Table 3. Require. Note. The cable parameters and cable length are related to safety and determine the maximum response time of the Power-i trunk (see C.3.4). e) The maximum length of each branch line does not exceed 15m. The total length of all branches of the entire Power-i system does not exceed 50m. f) If the length of the Power-i trunk cable is less than 40m, the response time value of the cable is considered to be 0.5μs (see C.3.4.2). right In this case, the length of each branch line does not exceed 10m, and the total length of all branch lines in the entire Power-i system does not exceed 20m. g) The calculation basis of cable characteristic impedance in this document is ZW=100.Allowable cable characteristic impedance ZW of Power-i cable The range is. 80Ω≤ZW≤120Ω; the specified value of the characteristic impedance of the cable is based on the measurement frequency of 100×(1±20%)kHz Foundation; g) does not apply to f). h) The connecting wire should meet the requirements of Chapter 6 and C.3.4. i) The use of shielding for Power-i cables is not necessary for safety. If shielding is used, and in accordance with GB/T 3836.18 If the dielectric strength of the cable is required to be isolated from the Power-i circuit, the shield can be grounded. j) The Power-i connection line should be isolated from the ground, and the isolation should meet the cable dielectric strength requirements of GB/T 3836.18. 5.5 Power-i terminal If the Power-i terminal is used, the following requirements should be met. a) The relevant safety parameters shall be determined in accordance with C.3.5; b) All components in the Power-i terminal that prevent the power supply from feeding back from the Power-i terminal to the Power-i cable, and the evaluation system All the elements that play a decisive role in the AFterminator (C.3.5.3) are safety-related elements and should meet the requirements of 5.1a); c) It shall have the explosion-proof type specified in GB/T 3836.1 and suitable for the corresponding explosive environment; d) The input circuit of the Power-i terminal should be isolated from the ground, and the isolation should meet the requirements of GB/T 3836.4. Note 1.The Power-i terminal ensures that it matches the AC characteristic impedance of the connected mains. This is only required for data transmission, such as in a fieldbus system. In the system. Note 2.Since the terminal is connected in parallel with the Power-i cable, its Power-i response time can be ignored. An example of a Power-i terminal is shown in Figure B.5. 5.6 Test device for Power-i loop detection Intrinsic safety test device conforming to GB/T 3836.4, if it meets the following conditions, it can be directly connected to Power-i connection without verification on-line. a) The effective inductance is less than 5μH (Li< 5μH); b) The effective input capacitance Ci is less than 1nF, and the input resistance is greater than or equal to 10kΩ (RS≥10kΩ); c) The input parameters Ui and Ii of the test device should be greater than or equal to the voltage and current levels of the Power-i circuit; d) Except for the leakage current not greater than 50μA, the test device should not feed energy to the system. Or, if the test device used meets the requirements of the Power-i field device, it should be included in the test of the Power-i system in accordance with 6.2. The scope of the certificate. Note. These requirements do not apply to test devices used by the manufacturer during production, testing, repair or overhaul. 5.7 Power-i application level Each Power-i device should be classified according to the application level in Table 1 and Table 2. Under the fault conditions specified in GB/T 3836.4, the voltage and current values specified in Table 1 and Table 2 should not be exceeded. For Power-i field devices and Power-i terminals with safety-related internal current limits, they can be considered Power-i2A5 Current level. When there is an internal current limit, it is not necessary to limit the current through the Power-i power supply to prevent the Power-i field device or the Power-i terminal from overshooting. Therefore, it can be connected to a Power-i power supply with a current level of 2A5.

6 System requirements

6.1 Select Power-i current level allowed by Power-i power supply The maximum allowable current level of Power-i in accordance with 5.7 depends on the selected Power-i voltage level and Power-i system response time tresp-system, while considering the category and safety factor of a specific application. Table 3 shows the permissible combinations of the relevant protection levels for the safety factor SF of Class I, Class II and Class III equipment of 1.0 and 1.5. See Appendix D for practical application examples of Table 3. The assessment procedure specified in Appendix C has been determined and is applicable to the parameters in Table 3 and the above requirements. Different Power-i devices allow interchange and Plug and play connection conditions. Note. Parameters beyond the scope of Table 1, Table 2 or Table 3 require special consideration and are not within the scope of this document. 6.2 Power-i system verification The internal connections of all Power-i devices and Power-i cables shall meet the following requirements. Note. For Power-i devices, the information required for verification is described in the file and marked on each Power-i device. a) The Power-i voltage level of the Power-i field device and the Power-i terminal should not be lower than the Power-i voltage of the Power-i power supply level.

7 Evaluation and testing

7.1 Procedure for determining safety-related parameters The safety-related parameters of the Power-i device and the Power-i connection line (specific information See Appendix C for information). a) Determine the maximum safety-related electrical parameter values (voltage U and current I) as the voltage and current level of Power-i in accordance with 5.7 The basis for classification; b) Determine the response time of the Power-i power supply tresp-source and the response time of the Power-i trunk line tresp-trunk (see C.3.4.2); c) Use the test methods specified in C.3.2.3, C.3.3.3 and C.3.3.5 to determine the Power-i power supply, Power-i field device, and The evaluation factor (AF) of the Power-i terminal (if applicable); Note 1.The assessment factor AF of all Power-i devices including the Power-i connection line of the system is useful for assessing the safety of the Power-i system. Off. d) Power-i field device and Power-i power supply shall meet the requirements of transient pulse test specified in C.3.2.5 and C.3.3.4; Note 2.This test is necessary to ensure intrinsically safe transient performance (spark pulse characteristic test). e) Power-i power supply should meet the routine test requirements of the evaluation factor specified in C.3.2.4. Table 5 details the relevant Power-i test procedures for each Power-i device and Power-i connecting line. Note 3.The test method specified in Appendix C is based on the use of a specific test pulse. Therefore, it is necessary to test the Power-i device (including the Power-i cable) Analyze the variation of the test pulse, so that different Power-i devices of different manufacturers can be interchanged and plug and play. 7.2 Type test The type test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Table 5. 7.3 Routine test Each Power-i power supply should be routinely tested to verify the evaluation factor AFsource (see Table 5). 8 Power-i device logo 8.1 General Except for the changes made in this chapter, each device should be implemented in accordance with GB/T 3836.1 and GB/T 3836.4.In addition, after "Power-i" Should indicate "power supply", "field device" or "terminal". If the equipment has a double mark, it can be used in the Power-i system, and can also be used in the traditional intrinsically safe system, you should pay attention to the difference between the two The difference. For Power-i power supply, the output parameters Uo, Io, Co, Lo, Po, Lo/Ro do not need to be marked. For Power-i field devices and Power-i terminal, input parameters and internal parameters Ui, Ii, Ci, Li, Pi, Li/Ri do not need to be marked, but the following specific parameters should be marked. Power-i Voltage and current rating, specified Power-i evaluation factor AF, and specified Power-i response time tresp (if applicable).

9 Manual

In addition to the requirements of the GB/T 3836.4 document, the manual should also include the model and Power-i parameters of the device. ---Power-i power supply. output parameters, tresp and evaluation factor AF; ---Power-i field device and Power-i terminal. input parameters and evaluation coefficient AF. For Power-i power supply, the output parameters Uo, Io, Co, Lo, Po, Lo/Ro need not be mentioned. For Power-i field devices and Power-i terminal, input parameters and internal parameters Ui, Ii, Ci, Li, Pi, Li/Ri need not be mentioned.

Appendix A

(Informative) Power-i basic principle explanation and specific situation A.1 The physical basis of ignition The purpose of testing the spark ignition ability of intrinsically safe equipment is to distinguish between inductive circuits, capacitive circuits, hybrid circuits and resistors on the one hand. The circuit, on the other hand, is to distinguish the different output characteristics of the power supply. In particular, the relevant spark parameters are. spark voltage Us, spark current Is and spark duration ts, these can be used to determine spark power Ps and spark energy Ws. In most cases, based on these parameters, To assess the spark energy released by the circuit. The basic prerequisite for ignition is. the temperature needs to exceed the ignition temperature specified by the initial volume of the gas/air mixture. Therefore, at the beginning It is necessary to achieve a certain energy density in the initial volume. In a certain spark duration, because the energy density is maintained due to power loss, Therefore, it can be inferred that in the ignition process, the "time" factor is very important. By using a specific method to affect the "time" factor, it will The combustion characteristics have a greater impact, which means that the intrinsic safety certification value can be significantly improved. The existing standard GB/T 3836.4 does not consider this condition. Power-i takes the above situation into consideration and takes into account the "time" factor. Because this is based on dynamic cognition, it is the most important safety bar The reflection of the pieces. However, in order to get the best results, safety-related assessments of the three basic components of the entire system are required, namely. Power-i Power source, Power-i connection line, Power-i field device (including loop). Understanding the typical breaking spark curve given by the GB/T 3836.4 spark test device is helpful to understand the operating principle of Power-i. Figure A.1 It is an example of an open circuit spark generated by a power supply that limits resistance. The characteristic of each open circuit spark is that the initial step voltage rises higher than 10V, and at the same time The current value drops. The characteristic of the end of the spark is that the power supply reaches the maximum output voltage. The characteristic of this typical spark is that the spark duration varies greatly, usually between 20μs and 20ms (for Class IIC equipment). The different spark durations make it impossible to determine the energy delivered to the spark and the hazardous mixture. In traditional intrinsic safety technology, transmission The energy given to the spark is limited to a very small value, so that the heat loss exceeds the energy transferred. Therefore, the gas temperature around the arc will not reach ignition Limit. This means that the available power is also limited. Power-i does not rely on limiting power, but on limiting time. This means that more power can be provided according to different functional requirements. The spark time limitation ensures that the temperature of the gas mixture does not reach the ignition limit (see Figure A.2). When using a Power-i device, the initial steps in Figure A.2 are the same as those shown in Figure A.1.Power-i with spark duration Based on the specified limits. The spark duration mainly depends on the maximum system response time of the entire Power-i system, which mainly depends on It depends on the cable/trunk used (transmission time through the cable) and the response time of the Power-i power supply (the hardware shutdown time of the power supply). for Power-i power supply, assuming a response time of 1μs, the typical value of the transmission time through a 1000m cable/trunk is 10μs to 15μs. because Therefore, the corresponding maximum spark energy can be accurately calculated. A.2 Output characteristics of Power-i power supply Power-i has two operating modes. shutdown mode and Power-i mode. In shutdown mode, the whole system is in GB/T 3836.4 or Operation in the intrinsically safe area specified in GB/T 3836.18.Power-i mode is the normal operating mode. Power-i transforms sparks into For the purpose of control, it is impossible to return to normal operation (Power-i mode) before ending the critical state. When using Power-i, the entire system The system includes power supply, field device and terminal, as a whole for safety-related performance assessment. There may be two transition modes from shutdown mode to Power-i mode. a) Continuous return mode. Power-i power supply slowly returns to Power-i mode. The di/dt current rise time should be short enough to avoid No need to trigger Power-i power supply to shutdown mode. The purpose of this mode is to supply power to simple applications, such as solenoid valves, heating elements Pieces etc. b) Voltage threshold return mode. During the transition from shutdown mode to Power-i mode, the specified threshold voltage Uthres will be exceeded. Make sure that it is impossible to switch to Power-i mode in the case of low resistance or short circuit. Power-i field installation that conforms to this model The setting will remain in the high-impedance state until the transition to Power-i mode is completed (see Figure A.3). Figure 4 shows an example of hardware that guarantees this characteristic. The purpose of this mode is to power more complex applications (such as fieldbus devices). In these two conversion modes, the following conditions are applicable. If an unqualified current is detected during the process of returning to the Power-i mode Change, the Power-i power supply mode immediately returns to shutdown mode. The transition (start) from shutdown mode to Power-i mode will be very slow, in the millisecond range, but this has nothing to do with safety. From Power-i mode Switching to shutdown mode is related to safety, and the time should be as short as possible (within a few microseconds). A.3 Measurement and research results as the basis for the minimum ignition value of Power-i A.3.1 Test setup for determination of ignition probability In order to find the ignition value in the most unfavorable case in Table 3, the test was performed with the open-circuit spark and closed spark settings shown in Figure A.7. The components in the test layout (see Figure A.6 and Figure A.7) are as follows. ---Power-i power supply. the device under test; ---STA. Spark test device in accordance with GB/T 3836.4; ---Current detector. to ensure that the contacts are only counted at the specified current; ---Decoupling unit. required to ensure the function and safety of the Power-i system; ---Adjustable load. determine the specified current for measurement; ---Digital display counter. Calculate the effective contact. Using these test configurations, the ignition probability of 10-3 or less is obtained, that is, one ignition is allowed for 1000 contacts. Procedure for determining the ignition limit. According to GB/T 3836.4 ignition evaluation table and curve, determine the ignition probability of Power-i, and these values shall be ignited with the above 10-3 or less Probability-based. Due to the characteristics of the Power-i system, it is necessary to ensure that the system is Power-i mode. The detector is used to monitor the system status, so the digital display counter only records valid contacts during the Power-i mode. answer Test with STA in two different positions, as shown in Figure A.7.The test results are shown in Figure A.8, Figure A.9 and Figure A.10.Measured curve The value marked in is based on at least 15 ignitions. All tests use oxygen-enriched mixture, that is, 30% hydrogen, 53% air and 17% oxygen, carried out with Class IIC equipment, safety factor 1.5 (in accordance with GB/T 3836.4).

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