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GB/T 2659.1-2022: Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country code
Status: Valid GB/T 2659.1: Evolution and historical versions
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Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country code
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GB/T 2659.1-2022
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Codes for the representation of names of countries and regions
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Codes for the representation of names of countries and regiones
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 2659.1-2022 (GB/T2659.1-2022) | | Description (Translated English) | Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country code | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | A14 | | Classification of International Standard | 01.140.30 | | Word Count Estimation | 92,96 | | Date of Issue | 2022-12-30 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-07-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 2659-2000 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 2659.1-2022: Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions - Part 1: Country code
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National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replace GB/T 2659-2000
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Administration Committee
1 Scope
This document sets out basic guidelines for the implementation and maintenance of existing country and territory name codes around the world:
This document is applicable to applications related to existing coded forms of country and region names:
2 Normative reference documents
This document has no normative references:
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document:
4 Principles included in the list of country and territory names
4:1 List
The table of country and region name codes in this document is intended to meet the widest possible application: The code table is based on the United Nations Statistics Division (see References
literature) based on this:
4:2 Origin of name
Currently, the authoritative organization for the names of countries and regions officially used by the United Nations is the United Nations Terminology Service, which is committed to maintaining the United Nations technical terms:
Corpus (UNTERM), see reference [24]: The United Nations glossary includes information such as the abbreviations and official names of countries and regions in the six official languages of the United Nations:
The country and region name code information in this document is available on the ISO OBP online platform: The data comes from the United Nations glossary:
(UNTERM): The full name of the country and region is the official name marked by the Permanent Mission of the country and region of the United Nations Protocol Liaison Service, and has been grammatically revised by linguists from the United Nations Terminology Database (UNTERM): See Appendix G: The abbreviations of countries and regions may have some minor revisions, see Appendix F: When the abbreviation and full name are inconsistent, the country and region name codes in this document provide both the full name and the abbreviation of the country and region:
The abbreviations of countries and regions include two writing forms, and the appended one is in capital letters: Both writing forms are based on the name of the country and region:
Arrange the words in alphabetical order: For ease of use, the abbreviations of countries and regions in capital letters are sometimes arranged in rounded format:
Other country and region names that may be widely used may also be included in the country and region abbreviations, see the list in 6:2:
4:3 Crossover
Some country and region names in this document may contain certain region names that have been encoded separately and are exchanged as separate code names:
Domain, therefore, entries are not completely exclusive:
4:4 Current status of the name
The country and territory names listed in this document reflect the current status of the countries and territories as of the latest edition:
4:5 Independent countries
This document identifies independent countries in the itemized list: For the purposes of the application of the codes in this document, the Member States of the United Nations and the Vatican are marked as
independent:
5 Principles for Allocation of Code Elements
5:1 Code element format
Code elements consist of the following characters (see ISO /IEC 10646):
--Latin capital letters from A to Z;
--Numbers from 0 to 9;
--hyphen "-":
2-letter codes and 3-letter codes consist of uppercase letters, and 3-digit codes consist of numbers:
The 4-letter code consists of uppercase letters:
Code elements consist of up to 6 characters: 2 letters, hyphen, 1 to 3 letters or numbers:
5:2 Relationship between names
The alphabetic codes in this document are generally drawn from country and region names (English or French, sometimes other languages), and the codes are
Characteristics of a visual connection between names: When applying this principle, the assignment of code elements is generally based on the abbreviation of country and region names to avoid any reflection of political status:
The composition of the letter code elements in this document mainly draws on the road vehicle identification marks provided by the contracting parties in the Road Traffic Convention (1949 and 1968, see Reference [21]), see Reference [21]:
5:3 Country and region alpha-2 code (alpha-2 code) structure
The 2-letter code (alpha-2 code) established by ISO 3166 that corresponds to the code in this document is usually used to represent country and region codes:
The 2-letter country and region codes are the basis for codes in GB/T 2659:2 and ISO 3166-3, as well as other relevant international standards and guidelines (see References, Global Economy section):
The country and region 2-letter codes use a 2-digit alphabetical combination of 26 uppercase Latin letters (excluding diacritics) to provide
26 × 26 = 676 combinations: The ISO 3166 country and region code combinations range from AB to QL, RA to WZ, and YA to ZY:
GB/T 2659 country and region codes do not use the two-letter combination AA, QM to QZ, XA to XZ, and ZZ: The use of these codes is described in Chapter 8 (8:3):
5:4 Country and region 3-alpha code (alpha-3 code) structure
GB/T 2659 also stipulates the use of 3-letter codes (alpha-3 codes) to represent country and region names: The alpha-3 code is based on the alpha-2 code and uses a three-letter combination of 26 uppercase Latin letters, ranging from ABA to QLZ, RAA to WZZ, and special requirements:
GB/T 2659 country and region codes do not use the 3-letter combination AAA to AAZ, QMA to QZZ, XAA to XZZ, and ZZA
To ZZZ, see Chapter 8 (8:3) for the purpose of these codes:
5:5 Country and region 3-digit code (numeric-3 code) structure
Taking into account the advantages of using numerical codes to identify country and region codes (for example, they are not affected by language), the code in this document also specifies the use of 3-digit numeric codes (numeric-3) from 000 to 999 to represent country and region names:
Country and regional Arabic numeral codes are quoted from the United Nations Statistics Division's Standard Country and Regional Codes used for statistics:
5:6 Rules of use
Numerical representations of country and region 2-letter codes are used when direct transliteration is not possible, for example, in languages with non-Latin alphabets, or in
Situations such as greater convenience after digital transformation:
The digital representation uses simple mathematical rules to convert the country and region's alpha-2 code (alpha-2) into numbers: This process is reversible:
Yes, the numeric code can also be converted back to the corresponding country and region 2-letter code (alpha-2) according to the conversion rules:
The conversion system is a closed system, all elements are 4-digit numbers, and the first digit is "1":
See Appendix A for the algorithm, and see Table B:1 in Appendix B for the corresponding conversion matrix:
6 Country and region names and their code list information
6:1 Rules of use
The list of country and region names and their codes in this document can be found in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) Online Browsing Platform (OBP)
(https://www:iso:org/obp:), these data are maintained as current as possible and are independent of the publication status of this document: The application of country and region names and their code lists shall be subject to this document:
When applying this document, users should clearly indicate the use of three types of codes (country and regional 2-letter codes, 3-letter codes and 3-digit codes):
code): When the codes corresponding to this document need to be used in combination with other characters due to certain needs, it is strongly recommended to mark the selection and function of these additional codes:
6:2 Composition of the list
Each item in the list is shareable in the three parts of ISO 3166: The corresponding items in this document include the following items:
--Corresponding to item 3:10: country and region 2-letter code status (no correspondence with Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:11: 2-letter code of country and region (corresponding to column 3 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:12: 3-letter code of country and region (corresponding to column 4 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:13: country and region 3-digit code (corresponding to column 5 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:14: capital abbreviation of country and region (corresponding to column 2 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:15: abbreviation of country and region (corresponding to column 1 of Table 1, Chinese and English);
--Corresponding to item 3:16: the full name of the country and region (corresponding to column 6 of Table 1, Chinese and English);
--Corresponding to item 3:17: regional name (corresponding to Chinese remarks in column 7 and English remarks in column 8 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:18: Country and region comments (corresponding to Chinese remarks in column 7 and English remarks in column 8 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:19: independent or not (corresponding to column 9 of Table 1, independent is marked with "#");
You can also include additional information about the official language of each country and region, listed on a single line with three fields:
--Corresponding to item 3:20: 2-letter language code (corresponding to column 10 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:21: 3-letter language code (corresponding to column 11 of Table 1);
--Corresponding to item 3:22: local abbreviation of the country and region (corresponding to column 12 of Table 1):
In addition to the above list of country and region codes, Appendix E provides users with a convenient reference for the names of regions: Most of these regions are
Islands are marked by "regional names": This information is helpful when it is necessary to mark country and region codes for geographical names that do not appear in the main column:
6:3 Selection of language, romanization and character set
Country and region names are in the official language of the country and region, presented in its romanized alphabet, and in accordance with the following description of character sets:
The relevant provisions:
When country and region names are submitted in non-Latin letters, GB/T 2659 displays the romanized form, and the conversion is
May follow relevant international standards, in particular those recommended by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN) (see Ref: [25]):
Country and region name codes in this document use the 26-character Latin alphabet, and in some cases ISO /IEC 10646 characters
The diacritical characters included in the set:
7 Maintenance
7:1 Maintenance organization (ISO 3166/MA)
The ISO 3166 Maintenance Authority (ISO 3166/MA) was established by the ISO Council and operates in accordance with the guidelines adopted by the Council and performs the following functions:
a) Add or delete countries and regions and their main division names according to the principles stipulated in ISO 3166, and assign codes according to needs;
b) Provide recommendations on the use of the code to users and ISO members;
c) Update and delete the names, codes and definitions of countries and regions and their main divisions;
d) Maintain a list of existing and valid countries and regions and their main division names;
e) Announce changes to country and region codes;
f) Manage code elements that are under retention period:
The code changes corresponding to this document are determined by ISO 3166/MA and will take effect immediately once released:
7:3～7:6 Regarding the changes in the names and codes of countries and regions corresponding to this document, as well as the maintenance of codes and other standards, they must be approved by ISO :
3166/MA review:
The names and contact information of the maintenance agency and registration agency can be found at https://www:iso:org/mara:
7:2 Database format standards--revision mode
7:3 Add country and region names
The addition of country and region names should be based on United Nations Headquarters information or on the requirements of member states in ISO 3166/MA:
On the basis of seeking: For the latter, ISO 3166/MA will determine the addition based on the actual needs of international information exchange: Additional country and region names will be assigned corresponding codes:
If the country name is not included in the list of "Standard country codes for statistical purposes", ISO 3166/MA may
According to the numerical country and region coding scheme adopted by the United Nations Statistics Division in statistics, numerical codes in fields 900 to 999 are assigned to such countries and regions:
7:4 Delete country and region names
The deletion of country and territory names should be based on information from United Nations Headquarters or based on the requirements of Member States in ISO 3166/MA:
On the basis of seeking: ISO 3166/MA will determine deletion based on the information provided, and the corresponding code will be retained:
ISO 3166-3 provides a list of all country and region names and codes deleted from ISO 3166 since the first edition in 1974, and provides
Provides traceability information for country and region codes and their status:
7:5 Changes in country and region names and code elements
Changes in the names of countries and regions or their codes are mainly based on the information from the United Nations Headquarters: For larger changes, ISO
3166/MA changes the corresponding country and region letter codes: ISO 3166/MA is committed to maintaining the stability of country and region code tables:
7:6 Retention of code elements
7:6:1 Introduction
The following codes need to be retained:
--Reservations resulting from the deletion (7:4) or change (7:5) of country and region names shall be retained within a certain time limit;
--Reserved for an indefinite period of time due to application of international law (7:6:3) or special requirements (7:6:4):
7:6:2 Redistribution
Country codes changed or deleted by ISO 3166/MA should not be reassigned for at least 50 years after the change: The exact period will be determined in each case
Determined by the extent of use of the originally used code under the circumstances:
7:6:3 Non-use phase
Those country and region codes that have been used after the initial release of ISO 3166 and have changed later should be used when uncertain:
It will be reserved during the period and will not be used to represent the names of other countries and regions: This provision draws on the rules for specific vehicle names in the 1949 and 1968 Conventions on Road Traffic (see Reference [21]):
Codes to which this provision applies shall be included in the list of reserved codes (see 7:6:5) and shall be
It should not be reallocated for less than 50 years:
7:6:4 Special types of reserved code elements
In certain circumstances, ISO 3166/MA has decided to treat certain codes with exchange requirements as special reserved codes and not to be used in this article:
The country and region name code of the file: Relevant authorities need to be consulted before retaining such code:
7:6:5 Reserved code list
The list of reserved codes is maintained by the ISO 3166/MA Secretariat:
8 User Guide
8:1 Special provisions
For special purposes, users sometimes need to extend or change country and region codes: 8:2 ~ 8:4 provide the methods within the framework of this document to meet this requirement:
Guidance on these requirements:
8:2 Combination
In special cases, users need to combine country and region names contained in codes with this document and require a code
To represent this combination, it should be implemented according to the provisions of 8:3:
8:3 User assigned codes
If the user needs a code to represent the name of a country or region not included in the code in this document, he or she can select the letter string AA, QM to QZ, XA
to XZ, ZZ, letter strings AAA to AAZ, QMA to QZZ, XAA to XZZ, ZZA to ZZZ, and number strings 900 to 999:
Users should take the relevant advice as these codes are self-defined and incompatible between different entities:
8:4 Recommendations for use
The National Information and Documentation Standardization Technical Committee provides relevant consultation on this document:
The National Technical Committee on Information and Documentation Standardization does not manage or maintain user-assigned code lists:
The names and contact information of the maintenance agency and registration agency can be found at https://www:iso:org/mara:
9 Country and region name codes
The country and region name code table sorted by the Chinese pinyin order of country and region names is shown in Table 1:
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