GB/T 1839: Evolution and historical versions
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| GB/T 1839-2025 | English | RFQ |
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Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products
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GB/T 1839-2025
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| GB/T 1839-2008 | English | 85 |
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Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products
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GB/T 1839-2008
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| GB/T 1839-2003 | English | 279 |
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Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products
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GB/T 1839-2003
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| GB/T 1839-1993 | English | 199 |
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Steel product. Zinc coating mass testing method
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GB/T 1839-1993
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 1839-2025 (GB/T1839-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Date of Implementation | 2026-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 1839-2008 | GB/T 1839-2008: Test method for gravimetric determination of the mass per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.140.01
H 25
Replacing GB/T 1839-2003 and GB/T 2973-2004
Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of
the Mass per Unit Area of Galvanized Coatings
on Steel Products
(ISO 1460.1992, Metallic Coatings - Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on
Ferrous Materials - Gravimetric Determination of the Mass per Unit Area,
MOD)
Issued on: MARCH 30, 2008
Implemented on: DECEMBER 01, 2008
Jointly issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision,
Inspection and Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People's
Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Forward ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Principle ... 5
4 Test Solution ... 6
5 Samples ... 6
6 Test Procedure ... 7
7 Result Calculation ... 7
8 Reproducibility ... 8
9 Test Report ... 8
Appendix A (Informative) Fluorescence X Ray Measurement Method for the
Mass of Zinc Coating of Galvanized Steel Sheets ... 10
Appendix B (Informative) Comparison between Number of Chapters and
Articles of This Standard and those of ISO 1460.1992 ... 14
Appendix C (Informative) Technical Differences and the Reasons between
This Standard and ISO 1460.1992 ... 15
Forward
This Standard modifies and adopts the international standard ISO 1460.1992 "Metallic
Coatings - Hot Dip Galvanized Coatings on Ferrous Materials - Gravimetric
Determination of the Mass per Unit Area".
For the convenience of comparison, the serial number of the chapters and articles of
this Standard and the serial number of chapters and articles of ISO 1460.1992 are
listed in Appendix 8.
Modification was made when this Standard adopts ISO 1460.1992. These technical
differences are marked with vertical single-line at the margin of the involved articles.
Technical differences and their reasons are provided in Appendix C for reference.
Compared with ISO 1460.1992, the main differences in this Standard are as follows.
- Applicable categories of galvanized coatings were added; they are respectively
pure galvanizing coating, zinc-iron alloy coating, zinc-iron alloy and albumen
coating (such as zinc -5% aluminum alloy coating and 55% aluminum -zinc alloy
coating);
- Deionizer water was added as diluent;
- Requirements on sample areas were added;
- Accuracy of sample weighting by balance was specified; if the coating mass of
samples is not less than 0.1g, the weighing shall be accurate to 0.001g;
- Appendix A "Fluorescence X Ray Measurement Methods for the Mass of Zinc
Coating of Galvanized Steel Sheets" was added.
This Standard replaces GB/T 1839-2003 "Test Method for Gravimetric Determination
of Mass per Unit Area of Galvanized Coatings Steel Products" and GB/T 2973-2004
"Zinc Coated Steel Wire Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Zinc Coating".
Compared with GB/T 1839-2003 and GB/T 2973-2004, the main changes in this
Standard are as follows.
- Applicable categories of galvanized coatings were added; they are respectively
pure galvanizing coating, zinc-iron alloy coating, zinc-iron alloy and
aluminum-zinc coating (such as zinc-5% aluminum alloy coating and 55%
aluminum-zinc alloy coating);
- Accuracy of sample weighting by balance was specified; if the coating mass of
samples is not less than 0.1g, the weighing shall be accurate to 0.001g;
Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of the Mass per
Unit Area of Galvanized Coatings on Steel Products
1 Scope
This Standard specifies principle, test solution, samples, test procedure, result
calculation, reproducibility and test methods for gravimetric determination of the mass
per unit area of galvanized coatings on steel products.
The galvanized coatings stated in this Standard include pure galvanizing coating,
zinc-iron alloy and aluminum-zinc coating (such as zinc -5% aluminum alloy coating
and 55% aluminum-zinc alloy coating). This Standard is applicable to steel products
such as hot dip galvanizing and electro-galvanizing which are easy for the
determination.
Methods in Appendix A also may be adopted for the mass test for the zinc coating of
galvanized steel sheets.
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this Standard,
constitute the provisions of this Standard. For dated reference, the subsequent
amendments (excluding correction) or revisions of these publications do not apply.
However, the parties who enter into agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document
applies.
GB/T 8170 Rules for Rounding off of Numerical Values
3 Principle
Galvanized coatings on already-known surface area are dissolved in the test solution
with inhibition of corrosion; then the sample mass before-and-after the coatings are
dissolved is weighed; finally mass of galvanized coatings per unit area is calculated
according to the weighing difference and sample area.
6 Test Procedure
6.1 Clean up the oil stain, dust and water trace etc. on sample surface with cleaning
fluid (4.1); dry samples fully.
6.2 Weigh samples by balance; the weighing accuracy shall be better than 1% of
expected mass of sample coatings. When the mass of sample coatings is not less
than 0.1g, the weighing shall be accurate to 0.001g.
6.3 Immerse samples in the test solution (4.2); the usage of the test solution is
generally not less than 10mL per square cm of sample surface area.
6.4 At room temperature, immerse samples completely in the solution; samples may
be turned, until coatings are completely dissolved; the obvious stopping of hydrogen
deposition (boiling bubble) is judged as the termination of dissolution process. Then
take out the samples; flush them in the running water; if necessary, brush away the
loose attachments on the sample surface by nylon brush; and finally wash them with
ethyl alcohol; dry them rapidly; absorbent paper may also be adopted to absorb the
moisture; then dry them rapidly with hot air.
6.5 Weigh samples by balance with the same accuracy with that in 6.2.
6.6 After weighing, determine the exposed surface area after the zinc coatings of
samples are dissolved; the accuracy shall achieve 1%. Measurement of steel plates,
steel strips, sample diameter or side length shall be accurate to 0.1mm at least.
Measurement of steel wire diameter shall be carried out once at each of the mutual
vertical positions; then take the average, accurate to 0.1mm.
6.7 For the determination of the mass of single-side zinc coating for galvanized
sheets, proper means shall be adopted to seal one side. After finishing the
measurement, determine the second side.
7 Result Calculation
7.1 Galvanizing amount [mass (g) per square meter] on steel products (excluding
steel wire) per unit area shall be calculated according to Formula (1). The calculation
result shall be rounded according to those specified in GB/T 8170; the reserved digits
shall be consistent with that indicated in the product standard.
621 10
mm ... (1)
Where,
Μ - mass of galvanized coatings per unit area (steel plates and steel strips shall be
Appendix A
(Informative)
Fluorescence X Ray Measurement Method for the
Mass of Zinc Coating of Galvanized Steel Sheets
A.1 Scope of application
This measurement method specifies the principle, test instrument, calibration method
and measurement procedures for mass measurement of the galvanized coatings on
surfaces of steel plates by XRF.
This method is applicable to measure the mass of hot dipping galvanizing coat,
zinc-iron alloy coating and aluminum-zinc coating (such as zinc -5% aluminum alloy
coating and 55%aluminium-zinc alloy coating) as well as electro-galvanized zinc
coating and zinc-nickel alloy coating.
A.2 Principle
A.2.1 Primary rays that are generated from the ray source (X ray tube or radioactive
isotope) are utilized to illuminate the steel plated covered with metal coatings. Under
certain conditions, ferric feature fluorescence X rays (secondary rays) are excited in
the body of base steel. When the rays penetrate through metal coatings with different
thickness, strength decrease with different degrees will occur. Strength of secondary
rays is detected. When conditions for the generation of primary rays and detection of
secondary rays are fixed, the detected fluorescence X-ray intensity is the function of
coating thickness. Finally mass of coatings is obtained from the quantitative relation
between strength and coating thickness.
A.2.2 The primary rays illuminate the steel plates with metal coating. Under certain
conditions, the characteristic x ray, namely fluorescence X ray of coated metal, will be
excited in the metal coating; strength of fluorescence X ray is detected. Finally, the
mass of coatings may be obtained from the quantitative relation between strength and
thickness of metal coatings.
A.3 Test instrument
A.3.1 X ray thickness tester or γ ray thickness tester are used for testing of metal
coatings. Instruments are consisted of ray source, detector, electronic systems and
other units. Ray source is the X ray tube or radioactive isotope that generates primary
rays. Primary rays excite the secondary rays in the test sample; the secondary rays
(fluorescence X ray) of samples are received from the testing unit; the electronic
systems convert the received rays into mass of coatings to control the instruments
and process the data.
A.3.2 When the measurement method of fluorescence X ray for coating
characteristics are adopted, the incident intensity of primary rays shall ensure that it is
able to excite fluorescence X ray of characteristics of measured elements in the
full-thickness of coatings, and be detected. If measurement method (absorption
method) of fluorescence X ray for characteristics of base body is adopted, the incident
intensity of primary rays shall ensure that the excited characteristic fluorescence X ray
in the base steel body shall have sufficient emergent strength when penetrating
through coatings.
A.3.3 Instruments shall have enough high-strength of ray source and testing
sensitivity, and are able to complete the accurate measurement of thicker coating in
shorter data gathering time.
A.3.4 The detector must be able to distinguish the fluorescence X ray generated
from the coatings and base body.
A.3.5 Rays generated from the ray source must have adequate radiating area on
samples.
A.3.6 Instruments shall be able to measure several elements and make
compensation for the fluctuation of coating composition.
A.4 Calibration method
A.4.1 Standard sample shall be adopted to calibrate the measuring instrument and
establish the accurate quantitative relation between characteristic fluorescence X-ray
intensity and mass of coatings.
A.4.2 Coating mass of standard samples shall be determined accurately by
gravimetric method.
A.4.3 Coatings and base steels of standard samples shall have the same chemical
composition same coating process, and same X ray emission-absorption
characteristics with that of samples to be tested.
A.4.4 The following recommended method may be adopted for the preparation of
standard samples.
Use fluorescence X ray method; a piece of sample block with uniform coating is
selected with the size of about 230mmX 230mm; 5 pieces of samples are prepared
according to the cross-shape distribution shown in Figure A.1; coating mass (g/m2) of
No.2, 3, 4 and 5 samples are determined by gravimetric method. No.1 is the center
sample and the No.2, 3, 4 and 5 are "satellite" samples. If the reproducibility (ratio of
extreme difference for four pieces of sample sheet TO the average value) of
Appendix C
(Informative)
Technical Differences and the Reasons between This
Standard and ISO 1460.1992
List for technical differences and the reasons between this Standard and ISO
1460.1992 is detailed in Table C.1.
Table C.1 Technical differences and the Reasons between this Standard and
ISO 1460.1992
Number of chapters
and articles of this
Standard
Technical differences Reasons
1.1
Applicable categories of galvanized coatings
were added and they are respectively pure
galvanizing coating, zinc-iron alloy coating,
zinc-iron alloy and aluminum-zinc coating
(such as zinc -5% aluminum alloy coating
and 55% aluminum -zinc alloy coating);
It adapts the current status of production
technology and integrates requirements of
standards such as EN, ASTM and JIS on the
scope of application.
4.2
As for the dilution of dezincification solution,
besides the distilled water may be adopted,
deionize water was added as the diluent.
It enhances the operability of this test
method.
5 Requirements on sample areas were added
It enhances the operability of this test
method and integrates the requirements of
EN, ASTM and JIS on the sample size.
6.2
"Where coating mass is not less than 0.1g,
the weighing accuracy shall be 0.001g" was
added.
It enhances the operability of this test
method and guarantees the accuracy of the
test.
6.6
As for the measurement of test surface area,
specific size accuracy value was added
(0.1mm for steel plates and 0.01mm for steel
wires)
It enhances the operability of this test
method.
7.1, 7.2
"Calculation result shall be rounded
according to those specified in GB/T 8170
and the reserved digit shall be consistent
with the digit indicated in the product
standard." was added.
It normalizes the data processing and
provides convenience for the product
determination.
Appendix A
"Fluorescence X Ray Measurement Method
for the Mass of Zinc Coating of Galvanized
Steel Sheet" is listed in this Standard in the
form of appendix.
It adapts the requirements of current status
of product and testing technique.
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