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GB 29413-2012: The norm of energy consumption per unit products of germanium
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 29413-2012 (GB29413-2012) | | Description (Translated English) | The norm of energy consumption per unit products of germanium | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F01 | | Classification of International Standard | 27.010 | | Word Count Estimation | 11,150 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 2589; GB 17167 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin No. 42 of 2012 | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard specifies the germanium unit product energy consumption (hereinafter referred to as energy consumption) limit of the technical requirements, statistical coverage, calculation method, calculation, energy management and energy saving m | GB 29413-2012: The norm of energy consumption per unit products of germanium---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
The norm of energy consumption per unit products of germanium
ICS 27.010
F01
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Germanium energy consumption per unit product
Published 2012-12-31
2013-10-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Foreword
4.1, 4.2 of this standard are mandatory, the rest are recommended.
This standard was proposed by the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
This standard by the National Energy Foundation and Management Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC20) Standardization Technical Committee and the National Nonferrous Metals
Will (SAC/TC243) centralized.
This standard was drafted. Yunnan Lincang Xinyuan Germanium Industry Co., Ltd., China Nonferrous Metals Industry Quality Standards and Metrology Institute.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Nanjing Germanium Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Jing-hui country Infrared Optical Technology Co., Ltd., Yunnan Chihong
Zinc and Germanium Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Shaoguan smelter gold Lingnan Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Tongli Germanium Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this standard. universal Kun, East Bowen, He Dongjiang, Huifeng, Tan Ping, Su Xiaoping, Wu Chengchun, Sun only.
Germanium energy consumption per unit product
1 Scope
This standard specifies the germanium energy consumption per unit of product (hereinafter referred to as energy consumption) technical requirements limit, the scope of statistics, computational methods, computing paradigm
Wai, energy management and energy conservation measures.
This standard applies to all germanium-containing lignite, cinder (gray), the production of lead-zinc germanium-containing germanium concentrate, then concentrate germanium, germanium wastes as raw materials
Calculation of zone melting germanium ingot germanium energy consumption per unit of product, assessment, and control the energy consumption of new projects.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 2589 comprehensive energy consumption computing General
GB 17167 energy use per unit of energy measurement apparatus equipped and General Management
3 Terms and Definitions
GB/T 2589 and define the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Process energy consumption unitenergyconsumptioninworkingprocedure
Step production process production units qualified the amount of energy consumed by the product.
3.2
Step-kind consumption unitobjectconsumptioninworkingprocedure
Step production process production units qualified physical amount of energy consumed by a product.
3.3
Process energy consumption unitenergyconsumptionoftechnology
Production process technology production units qualified in the amount of energy consumed by the product.
3.4
Auxiliary energy assistantenergyconsumption
Production units qualified products auxiliary production system consumes energy.
3.5
Comprehensive energy consumption unitenergyconsumptionofintegrate
Comprehensive energy consumption per unit of product, energy consumption refers to the product and process technology and auxiliary energy consumption and the amount of loss allocation.
4. Technical Requirements
4.1 Existing germanium production business unit product energy consumption limits
Existing germanium production business unit product energy consumption limits shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 germanium production business unit product energy consumption limits
Product or process steps
Overall energy consumption limit value/(kgce/kg)
Process energy consumption overall energy consumption
Germanium, germanium ore mining process ≤20 ≤21
Germanium concentrate fire enrichment process ≤39 ≤41
Germanium concentrate tannin (tannin) sink germanium or germanium concentrate enriched preconditioning ≤70 ≤81
Chloride, germanium tetrachloride crude distillation step ≤79.5 ≤91.5
High purity germanium dioxide oxidation ≤81 ≤93.5
Restore germanium reduction step ≤89 ≤102.5
Germanium ingot zone melting zone melting step ≤100 ≤113.5
Note. The lack of mining process, comprehensive energy consumption to be deducted 21kgce/kg, the lack of fire enrichment step, comprehensive energy consumption should be deducted 41kgce/kg; tannic missing
(Or a tannin) sink germanium or germanium concentrate enriched preconditioning step, comprehensive energy consumption should be deducted 81kgce/kg.
4.2 New germanium producers access to energy consumption per unit of product value
New germanium producers access to energy consumption per unit of product value should be in accordance with Table 2.
Table 2 New germanium producers access to energy consumption per unit of product value
Product or process steps
Access comprehensive energy consumption value/(kgce/kg)
Process energy consumption overall energy consumption
Germanium, germanium ore mining process ≤18 ≤19
Germanium concentrate fire enrichment process ≤35 ≤37
Germanium concentrate tannin (tannin) sink germanium or germanium concentrate enriched preconditioning ≤63 ≤73
Chloride, germanium tetrachloride crude distillation step ≤71.5 ≤82
High purity germanium dioxide rectification hydrolysis step ≤73 ≤84
Restore germanium reduction step ≤80 ≤92
Germanium zone melting zone melting step ≤89 ≤102
Note. The lack of mining process, comprehensive energy consumption to be deducted 19kgce/kg, the lack of fire enrichment step, comprehensive energy consumption should be deducted 37kgce/kg; tannic missing
(Or a tannin) sink germanium or germanium concentrate enriched preconditioning step, comprehensive energy consumption should be deducted 73kgce/kg.
4.3 germanium manufacturer of advanced energy consumption per unit of product value
Germanium manufacturer of advanced energy consumption per unit of product value should be in accordance with Table 3.
Table 3 germanium manufacturer of advanced energy consumption per unit of product value
Product or process steps
Advanced comprehensive energy consumption value/(kgce/kg)
Process energy consumption overall energy consumption
Germanium, germanium ore mining process ≤16 ≤17
Germanium concentrate fire enrichment process ≤31 ≤33
Germanium concentrate tannin (tannin) sink germanium or germanium concentrate enriched preconditioning ≤57 ≤66
Chloride, germanium tetrachloride crude distillation step ≤64 ≤74
High purity germanium dioxide rectification hydrolysis step ≤65 ≤75.5
Restore germanium reduction step ≤72 ≤83
Germanium zone melting zone melting step ≤80 ≤91
Missing mining process, comprehensive energy consumption to be deducted 17kgce/kg, the lack of fire enrichment step, comprehensive energy consumption should be deducted 33kgce/kg; lack of tannin (or
Tannin extract) enriched germanium or germanium concentrate Shen pretreatment step, the overall energy consumption should be deducted 66kgce/kg.
5 Statistical range, calculation method and calculation range
5.1 statistical range
5.1.1 Actual various energy companies (production) consumption
The actual consumption of various energy companies include. primary energy (coal, oil, natural gas, etc.), secondary energy (electricity, heat, petroleum products,
Coke, coal gas, etc.) and energy working medium (water, oxygen, compressed air, etc.) used for the production of energy consumed.
Various energy companies refer to the actual consumption of energy used to produce a variety of activities. Including the main production system, auxiliary production system and
Affiliated with the energy production system, not including the life energy and energy infrastructure projects approved. In actual consumption of energy companies, it can be used as a raw material
Source must also be included.
Residential energy refers to the dormitory within enterprise systems, schools, culture and entertainment, health care, business services directly to aspects of life
Energy consumption.
5.1.2 The business plan during the reporting period of physical energy consumption and energy consumption
Calculation of energy consumption in some kind of business plan during the reporting period, shall comply with the formula (1).
eh = e1 e2-e3-e4-e5-e6 (1)
Where.
eh --- kind of enterprise energy consumption;
e1 --- kind of energy companies purchase amount;
e2 --- beginning inventory amount of physical energy;
e3 --- physical volume of ending stocks of energy;
e4 --- physical volume of export of energy;
e5 --- physical quantity of life energy use;
e6 --- the amount of construction enterprises with energy.
Calculate the energy consumption of the reporting period of the business plan should be consistent with the formula (2).
E = E1 E2-E3-E4-E5 (2)
= EZG EZF
= EZZ
Where.
Energy consumption E --- business during the reporting period;
E1 --- the amount of energy purchased;
E2 --- inventory increase or decrease the amount of energy;
E3 --- export amount of energy;
E4 --- the amount of energy used in daily life;
E5 --- Enterprise Project with the amount of energy;
EZG --- all product process energy consumption;
EZF --- indirect supporting the productive sectors and with the amount of energy loss;
EZZ --- comprehensive energy consumption of various products.
All kinds of energy consumed must not leak or weight meter. When supply and demand is present, both input and output should be calculated on the magnitude of a holding
Cause. Equipment overhaul energy consumption should also be taken into account, and according to the operating cycle of the equipment maintenance assessed monthly average. Integrated energy companies
Calculation in accordance with GB/T 2589's.
5.1.3 The unit of measurement of various energy sources
Production and energy consumption enterprises, products of energy consumption, comprehensive energy consumption per unit of product. kgce/kg, tce/kg.
Unit coal, coke, fuel oil, gasoline, diesel oil. kg (kilograms), t (t);
Power unit. kW · h (kWh), 104kW · h (ten thousand kwh);
Steam unit. kJ (kilojoules), MJ (MJ), GJ (1.001 million coke);
Gas, compressed air, oxygen, natural gas units. m3 (cubic meters), 104m3 (ten thousand cubic meters);
Water unit. t (t), 104t (tons).
5.1.4 various energy (including energy production energy consumption working fluid) amount of coal conversion method
Application of low-calorific-yl equal 29.3076MJ (MJ) fuel, i.e. 1kgce (kgce).
Various energy consumption and energy working fluid when the amount of conversion of coal, fuel energy purchased Found desirable low (bits) or heat supply order
Measured bits provide a value calculated on the basis, or conversion by the conversion factor of national statistical services, see Appendix A; secondary energy and energy working fluids are
Press the corresponding value of energy conversion (electricity use equivalent value); when converting energy production enterprises, according to the amount of physical energy translated into actual amount of coal;
When the concentration of production units for export supply its energy value shall be the competent authorities prescribed; when outsourcing export its energy value must be the same; if not
Providing value and energy, according to the national statistical offices conversion coefficient of conversion, see Appendix B; enterprises waste heat recovery system by conversion of heat
Number, unified by the cogeneration power conversion coefficient of conversion.
5.1.5 Calculation principle germanium energy consumption per unit of product
Germanium calculated for each production process energy consumption, using the same program output of qualified products during the reporting period are translated into physical output to calculate the amount of metal
Energy consumption per unit product.
All product yield and metal amounts are kg (kilograms) units of measurement, enterprise planning and statistics department official reported data subject.
5.1.6 enterprise computing utilization of waste heat energy principle
The recovered heat enterprise belonging to save energy recycling, not purchased energy, in the calculation, and to avoid repetition purchased energy meter
Count. Waste heat utilization device consumption can be counted. Partially occupied energy recovery, included in the step for personal use; rpm for other steps in the process used to
Normal consumption included; should be deducted in the waste heat recovery step of recovering process energy after standard coal.
5.1.7 Other
Auxiliary enterprises, energy consumption and energy production systems subsidiary working fluid within the enterprise storage, conversion and distribution losses in the supply and export
Consumption, should be a percentage of the production process energy consumption according to the energy consumption of each product technology, apportioned to each product.
5.2 Calculation Method
5.2.1 Calculation step (process) of physical consumption
Step (Process) kind consumption by formula (3) is calculated.
ESi = MTiPi
(3)
Where.
--- ESi a step (process) physical consumption in kilograms per tonne (kg/t), kWh per tonne (kW · h/t), cubic meters per ton
(M3/t);
--- the MTi total energy some kind of a step (process) is directly consumed in kilograms (kg), kilowatt (kW · h), m
(M3);
PI --- Total qualified products of a certain kind step (process) output converted into the amount of metal, in kilograms (kg).
5.2.2 consumption calculation step (process) Energy
Step (Process) Energy consumption by the formula (4) is calculated.
EEi = ETiPi
(4)
Where.
EEi --- a step (process) of energy consumption, in kg per kg of coal (kgce/kg);
--- various energy physical volume ETi a step (process) for the direct consumption of coal algebra and off, in kg coal (kgce);
--- PI physical quantity of the total amount of metal in a product qualified step (process) output, in kilograms (kg).
ENERGY CONSUMPTION 5.2.3 Enterprise
ENERGY CONSUMPTION should conform to the formula (5).
EZ = E1 EF (5)
Where.
--- the EZ comprehensive energy consumption in kg per kg of coal (kgce/kg);
--- E1 process energy consumption, in kg per kg of coal (kgce/kg);
--- EF and auxiliary energy loss allocation amount in kg per kg of coal (kgce/kg).
5.3 calculation range
5.3.1 germanium ore mining process
Production from a germanium-containing minerals (brown coal, etc.) until the output germanium mine. Output kg according germanium calculated as metal ore, including mines Tunneling
Process, making maintenance (personnel, germanium mine, filling materials, etc.) during transport, ventilation, pumping, monitoring, surveillance, blasting, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting
Energy consumption.
5.3.2 Fire enrichment process
The germanium-containing ore, slag (gray) output until the start germanium concentrate, calculated as kg metal germanium concentrate output. Comprising (boiling furnace, fixed
Grate, grate, rotary kiln, etc.) from the preparation, ingredients, feed, volatile combustion, slag, for ventilation, material handling, collecting, tail gas desulfurization process,
Drainage, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
5.3.3 tannin (tannin or) sink germanium enrichment step
Low grade material from the leaching solution containing germanium, germanium, zinc leach heavy liquid before the start until the output of germanium concentrate, in accordance with the output of germanium kg concentrate on metal
Count. Comprising the preparation, the ingredients, feed, acid leaching, alkaline leaching, germanium and Shen, pressure filtration, burning, waste and emissions, slag, for ventilation, was
Feed delivery, drainage, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
5.3.4 chloride distillation step
Starting up germanium concentrate to yield crude germanium tetrachloride, germanium calculated as kilograms metal outputs. Including preparation from the feed, cooling, pickling
Out, distillation, liquid waste and emissions, slag, for ventilation, material handling, water supply and drainage, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
Distillation Hydrolysis step 5.3.5
The crude germanium tetrachloride from the start until the output of high-purity germanium dioxide, germanium dioxide calculated as kilograms of high purity metal outputs. From preparation comprising
Feeding, cooling, steaming, extraction, distillation, hydrolysis, drying, packaging, waste and emissions, the mother liquor wash water, for ventilation, material handling, supply and drainage,
All auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
Reduction step 5.3.6
High purity germanium dioxide from the start until the output reduction germanium ingot, calculated as kilograms of germanium metal reducing output. Including the preparation, loading,
Ammonia decomposition of hydrogen reduction, an ingot for ventilation, material handling, water supply and drainage, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
5.3.7 zone melting step
From the beginning until the reduction melting germanium ingot germanium ingot output area, calculated in accordance with the output of molten metal germanium kg region. Points from the stock comprises, charge, ammonia
Hydrogen production, purification zone melting, for ventilation, material handling, water supply and drainage, and all auxiliary equipment and lighting energy consumption.
6 enterprise energy consumption level of product evaluation
6.1 energy consumption of their products, conditional formula (6) must be satisfied.
Qualified actual production unit energy consumption of a product × Σ of the product
A product of the energy consumption index Σ × ≤ yield of the product qualified
1 (6)
Wherein. a product of the energy consumption indicators to denote a consumption index value corresponding to the product specified in the present standard, should enterprise
Actually achieved the level selected. Participate in the evaluation of each product should take the same index value. Energy consumption of each product shall participate in the evaluation of companies in the commentary
Consistent with the reported price of energy reporting period.
6.2 Evaluation of enterprise energy consumption, process energy projects should be specified in the statistical calculation range 5.3 overall consumption values in the missing
Consumption.
7 and energy management measures
7.1 basis of energy conservation management
7.1.1 Enterprises should establish energy assessment system, regularly survey the energy consumption of production processes germanium smelting enterprises assessment, and the assessment indicators
Decomposition implemented in the basic units.
7.1.2 Enterprises should be required to establish energy consumption statistics system, the establishment of energy statistics and calculate the document file, and the file is controlled
management.
7.1.3 The energy business should be equipped with appropriate measuring instruments according to the requirements of GB 17167 and the establishment of energy measurement management systems.
7.2 energy-saving technology management
7.2.1 Enterprises should carry out regular energy Ping Heng test, tap the energy potential of the test results, the development of energy-saving technological transformation plan, by period
Implementation.
7.2.2 The enterprise should eliminate backward production technology; adjust the production process irrational energy consumption sectors.
7.2.3 enterprises to cope with high energy-consuming equipment energy-saving technological transformation, to update the state has announced elimination of mechanical and electrical equipment.
7.2.4 business-to-energy projects or the introduction of new energy-saving have a special chapter and feasibility of energy-saving demonstration.
7.2.5 The enterprise should adjust the product structure and energy structure of the varieties, as much as possible the production of low-power products, high-quality energy use.
Appendix A
(Informative)
Common varieties reference standard coal energy coefficient
A.1 common reference standard coal energy species coefficients as shown in Table A.1.
Table A.1 Common varieties reference standard coal energy coefficient
Energy standard coal coefficient units and
Varieties average calorific coefficient units
Coal 20908kJ/kg (5000kcal/kg) 0.7143 kgce/kg
Coal washing 26344kJ/kg (6300kcal/kg) 0.900 kgce/kg
Heavy 41816kJ/kg (10000kcal/kg) 1.4286 kgce/kg
Diesel 42652kJ/kg (10200kcal/kg) 1.4571 kgce/kg
Gasoline 43070kJ/kg (10300kcal/kg) 1.4714 kgce/kg
Coke 28435kJ/kg (6800kcal/kg) (ash content 13.5%) 0.9714 kgce/kg
LPG 50179kJ/kg (12000kcal/kg) 1.7143 kgce/kg
Power (equivalent value) 3600kJ/kW · h (860kcal/kW · h) 0.1229 kgce/(kW · h)
Heat (steam) - 0.03412 kgce/MJ
Gas 1250 × 4.1868kJ/m3 1.786 tce/104m3
Gas 38931kJ/m3 (9310kcal/m3) 1.3300 tce/103m3
Note 1. coefficient of standard coal by steam heat value.
Note 2. This appendix standard coal coefficient in case of a change in the provisions of national statistical offices, energy consumption level indicators should be otherwise.
A.2 common reference energy working medium off the reference coefficients are shown in Table A.2 coal.
Table A.2 Common reference standard coal working substance energy coefficient
No. variety Units
Energy value
Calorific value
MJ
Standard coal
kgce
Remark
T 7.5350 0.2571 1 Fresh Water
Demineralized water 2 t 14.2347 0.4857
Refers not been used tap water,
Calculated average power consumption
3 Oxygen m3 11.7230 0.4000
4 m3 243.6722 8.3143 acetylene calculated power stone
Note. This appendix energy values are subject to change, with the national statistics department released the latest data subject.
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