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GB 2715-2016: Hygienic standard for grains
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| GB 2715-2016 | English | 219 |
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Hygienic standard for grains
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GB 2715-2016
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| GB 2715-2005 | English | 399 |
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Hygienic standard for grains
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GB 2715-2005
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| GB 2715-1981 | English | 199 |
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Hygienic standard for grains
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PDF similar to GB 2715-2016
Standard similar to GB 2715-2016 GB 2721 GB 2730 GB 2749 GB 2717 GB 2716 Basic data | Standard ID | GB 2715-2016 (GB2715-2016) | | Description (Translated English) | Hygienic standard for grains | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C53 | | Word Count Estimation | 11,123 | | Date of Issue | 2016-12-23 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-06-23 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 2715-2005 | | Regulation (derived from) | National Health and Family Planning Commission Notice No.17 of 2016 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, State Food and Drug Administration | GB 2715-2016: Hygienic standard for grains---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Hygienic standard for grains
National Standards of People's Republic of China
National Food Safety Standard
food
Issued on. 2016-12-23
2017-06-23 implementation
National Health and Family Planning Commission People's Republic of China
China Food and Drug Administration released
Foreword
This standard replaces GB 2715-2005 "food hygiene standards."
This standard compared with GB 2715-2005, the main changes are as follows.
--- Standard name was changed to "national food safety standards for food";
--- Modify the terms and definitions;
--- Modify the sensory requirements;
--- Modify the poisonous fungi, plant seeds indicators;
--- Modify the physical and chemical properties;
--- Modify the storage and transport requirements;
--- Revised appendix.
National Food Safety Standard
food
1 Scope
This standard applies to raw grain for human consumption, and grain products, including cereals, beans, potatoes and so on.
This standard does not apply to the processing of edible oil raw materials.
2 Terms and definitions
2.1 unprocessed
Collectively without grains, beans, potatoes, etc. processing.
2.2 grain products
Raw grain, etc. by mechanical processing of primary products, such as rice, wheat powder.
2.3 heat damaged kernels
Or other reasons due to microbial heat production and heat to change the normal color or grain by injury.
2.4 ergot
Ergot [Clavicepspurpurea (Fr.) Tul.] In rye, wheat, barley, oats and other grasses ovary formed parasitic
Sclerotia.
2.5 darnel
Mixed together often, and wheat, and its shape is similar to wheat, wheat grain containing toxic base Lolium grassy herb.
2.6 moldy grain
Grain mildew and obviously hurt the embryo or endosperm or cotyledons, no edible particles value.
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Sensory requirements
Sensory requirements shall comply with the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Sensory requirements
Project requires test methods
Color and odor with normal food color, smell GB/T 5492
Heat-damaged kernels /%
Wheat ≤ 0.5
According to GB/T 5494 in imperfect grain inspection rules,
Sort out the heat damaged kernels, were weighed to calculate the content
Moldy grain /%
Soybean ≤
Other food except soybeans outside ≤
1.0
2.0
According to GB/T 5494 in imperfect grain inspection rules,
Pick out the moldy grain, were weighed to calculate the content
3.2 Physical and Chemical Indicators
Physical and chemical indicators should be consistent with the provisions of Table 2.
Table 2. Physical and chemical indicators
Item Index Test Method
The total hydrocyanic acid/(mg/kg)
Tapioca ≤ 10
GB 5009.36
Tannins (dry basis) /%
Sorghum, rice, sorghum flour ≤ 0.3
GB/T 15686
3.3 poisonous fungi, plant seeds Limited
Poisonous fungi, plant seeds shall be limited in accordance with Table 3.
Table 3 poisonous fungi, plant seeds Limited
Project Limited test methods
Ergot /%
Rice, corn, beans
Wheat, oats, naked oats, barley, rice barley ≤
Not Detected
0.01
Appendix A
Darnel/(tablets/kg)
Wheat, barley ≤ 1
SN/T 1154
Datura (Daturaspp.) Seeds and other poisonous plants a/(tablets/kg)
Corn, sorghum, rice, beans, wheat, oats, naked oats, barley, rice barley ≤ 1
Appendix B
a Crotalaria (Crotalariaspp.), wheat Seno (AgrostemmagithagoL.), castor bean (RicinuscommunisL.) and other recognized for
Harmful to the health of the seeds.
3.4 Limits of contaminants and mycotoxins Limited
3.4.1 Limits of contaminants should comply with GB 2762, wherein the unprocessed food category shall conform to GB 2762 in cereals, beans, potatoes
The provisions of refined grain food category shall conform to the provisions of the GB 2762 mill processed grain, beans, dried potato's.
3.4.2 Limits of Mycotoxins should comply with GB 2761, wherein the unprocessed food category shall conform to GB 2761 in cereals, beans, potato
Prescribed class, refined grain food category shall conform to the provisions of the GB 2761 mill processed grain, beans, dried potato's.
3.5 MRL
Pesticide residues shall comply with the provisions of GB 2763.
3.6 Food additives and food nutrition fortifier
3.6.1 Use of food additives should comply with the provisions of GB 2760.
3.6.2 food nutrition enhancers should comply with the provisions of GB 14880.
4 Other
Food should be designed storage, special transport. Should be stored in a clean, dry, rain, moisture, insects and rodents, odor-free warehouses, should not be hazardous
Substance or substance containing a high moisture coexist, and the use of appropriate technical measures in different ecological regions grain storage, grain storage to ensure security and reduce loss
Loss loss, to prevent contamination. Should meet the health requirements of the use of means of transport, the transport process should pay attention to prevent rain and contamination.
Appendix A
Ergot test methods
A.1 Identification
A.1.1 morphology
Ergot elongated strip or banana-shaped, sometimes slightly flat, long 3mm ~ 10mm, coarse 1mm ~ 7mm, black or purple outside, there
Longitudinal grooves and transverse cracks, brittle, easily broken, section flat, blunt polygonal or oval, center white, gray or pink and white. Sclerotia germination after dormancy
Hair will produce sub-mount; infertility child seat elongate shank, head flat spherical diameter of 1mm ~ 2mm, red-brown, the outer edge of raw perithecium.
A.1.2 tissue sections
After soaking in water 24h remove ergot, ergot take an expanded fixed in potato or carrot in the middle with a scalpel cut into thin
Slices with methylene blue solution (1g/L) staining, observed under a microscope, it organized, and healthy wheat as negative control.
A.2 ergot alkaloids ergot red pigment and qualitative
A.2.1 Principle
Using colorimetric red pigment and ergot alkaloids ergot inspection. Ergot red pigment was red, ergot in saturated sodium bicarbonate solution
Base chloroform extract and post-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde contact bluish purple ring, after a few minutes chloroform layer was blue, and in
365nm UV lamp, the ethanol solution was blue fluorescence.
A.2.2 Reagents
A.2.2.1 tartaric acid solution (20g/L).
A.2.2.2 anhydrous ether.
A.2.2.3 saturated sodium bicarbonate solution.
A.2.2.4 ammonia (11).
A.2.2.5 chloroform.
A.2.2.6 of dimethylaminobenzaldehyde solution. Weigh 0.125g of dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, plus 100mL sulfuric acid solution (65mL sulfuric acid buffer
Slowly poured into 35mL of water, mix, cooling) was dissolved, and then adding 0.1mL ferric chloride solution (50g/L), mix.
A.2.2.7 ethanol. wavelength of 365nm UV light under observation without fluorescence.
A.2.3 Procedure
After taking a few grains of suspicious ergot, placed a mortar pestle, add tartaric acid solution (20g/L) research into viscous, abrasive anhydrous ether twice ~
3 times, each 5mL ~ 10mL, ether layers were combined, placed in a test tube, a mortar residues on standby. Add in a test tube containing diethyl ether
0.5mL saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, after shaking placement, sodium bicarbonate solution layer was red, it means that the detection ergot red pigment. Healthy wheat
Negative control.
There residue in a mortar, add ammonia (11) grinding alkaline, extracted with chloroform 2 to 3 times, each 5mL ~ 10mL, together
And the chloroform layer was divided into two mix, they were placed in two test tubes. Take one of which, along the wall slowly added 2mL of dimethylamino
Benzaldehyde solution, leaving it in contact with a solution of two blue-violet ring, after a few minutes, the chloroform layer were significantly blue, it means that the detection of ergot alkaloids.
Take another test tube was heated on a hot water bath, so play to make chloroform, dissolve the residue plus ethanol, at a wavelength of 365nm UV lamp
Observation, which was strong blue fluorescence, which indicates detection of ergot alkaloids. Healthy wheat as a negative control.
A.3 determination
On the basis of identification on ergot, ergot alkaloids ergot red pigment and qualitative examination is positive, then it can be determined ergot detected in the sample.
Calculation ergot detectable amount of A.4 sample
1000g (m1) sample ergot content in mass fraction w, according to equation (A.1) Calculated.
w =
m2
m1 ×
100% (A.1)
Where.
w --- ergot sample content,%;
M2 --- lysergic amount detected in the sample, in grams (g);
Sample volume (1000g) m1 --- sample in grams (g).
Results to three significant figures.
Appendix B
Datura seed testing methods
B.1 Identification
B.1.1 morphology
Datura seed round, rectangular, kidney-shaped, triangular kidney-shaped, oval-shaped broadly ovate, seed length 3mm ~ 5mm, width 2.5mm ~
4.0mm, both sides of the flat, the back thicker or thick, smooth or wavy edge ridges. Species leathery, pale yellow, brown, tan to dark brown,
The surface is slightly wrinkled, or slightly (obviously) concave, with (or without) and coarse textured pocket. Hilum, long triangle, equilateral triangle or T-shaped, sometimes its surface often
Covered with remnants of white suspensor. Seed contains a wealth of white endosperm, germ or polycyclic raw campylotropous, few straight students. Figure B.1 for all types of Datura species
Child photo.
Figure B.1 Datura seed photo
B.1.2 determination
Compliance with B.1.1 morphological characteristics described may be identified as Datura.
B.2 alkaloids colorimetric characterization
B.2.1 Principle
Samples have color reaction with fuming nitric acid and potassium hydroxide solution was contained atropine and other alkaloids were extracted.
B.2.2 Reagents
B.2.2.1 ammonia (11).
B.2.2.2 ether.
B.2.2.3 hydrochloric acid solution (15).
B.2.2.4 chloroform.
B.2.2.5 anhydrous sodium sulfate.
B.2.2.6 nitrate.
B.2.2.7 KOH - ethanol solution (100g/L).
B.2.3 Procedure
About 30 datura seeds into a mortar, add ammonia (11) soaked, soaking moment, ground into viscous, abrasive with ether three times, each
Times 10mL, ether combined in a separating funnel, add 10mL hydrochloric acid (15), shaking extraction 1min, hydrochloric acid layer was separated by liquid separation to another leak
Bucket, add ammonia (11) made basic with 10mL chloroform shaking extraction 1min, repeat once again combined chloroform layer, by no
After dehydration over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to 0.5mL, spare.
Take 0.2mL test solution was evaporated to a small dish, and the solvent evaporated to dryness, add 4 drops of fuming nitric acid to dissolve the residue, evaporated on a water bath, the residue becomes yellow,
After cooling, a few drops of potassium hydroxide - ethanol solution (100g/L), the purple violaceum, immediately becomes red. Atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine are
Have this reaction.
B.3 qualitative TLC
B.3.1 Principle
After atropine and other alkaloids contained in the sample were extracted, separated by thin layer, then the color reagent, compared with the control standards.
B.3.2 Reagents
B.3.2.1 silica gel G plate. thickness 0.3mm ~ 0.5mm, 105 ℃ activation 1h, put desiccator.
B.3.2.2 developing solvent. methanol - ammonia (2003).
B.3.2.3 reagent. Weigh 0.85g times bismuth nitrate added 10mL of glacial acetic acid, 40 mL of water and dissolved. Take 5mL, plus 5mL potassium iodide solution
Liquid (4g of potassium iodide was dissolved in 5mL water), plus 20mL glacial acetic acid, diluted with water to 100mL.
B.3.2.4 atropine standard solution. Weigh 120.0mg atropine sulfate, dissolved in 10mL water, add ammonia (11) alkaline, with trichloro
Methane extracted twice 8mL, chloroform extract was a little over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered into 20mL tube with a stopper colorimetric, and then less
Xu chloroform wash the filter, lotion incorporated into the colorimetric tube, add chloroform to 20mL, this is equivalent to 5.0mg per milliliter solution of atropine.
B.3.2.5 scopolamine standard solution. Weigh 145.0mg scopolamine hydrobromide, dissolved in 10mL water, add ammonia (11) alkaline,
Extracted with chloroform twice 8mL, chloroform extract was a little over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered into 20mL colorimetric tube with a stopper,
A little chloroform and then wash the filter, lotion incorporated into the colorimetric tube, add chloroform to 20mL, dubbed equivalent to 5.0mg per milliliter East buttercup
Scopolamine.
B.3.3 Procedure
In the TLC plate at the lower end of 2cm, point 10μL atropine and scopolamine standard solution, 30μL ~ 100μL sample extract concentrate, each
Spacing 1.5cm, previously placed expansion tank with developing solvent saturated until the solvent front exhibition to 10cm ~ 15cm, removed, evaporated to dryness Expand
Agents, spray chromogenic agent orange-red spots on a positive reaction.
references
[1] BYER, SOSAV.MolecularPhylogenyoftheJimsonweedGenusDatura (Solanaceae) [J].
SystematicBotany, 2013,38 (3). 818-829.
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