GB 23971: Evolution and historical versions
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB 23971-2025 (GB23971-2025) | | Description (Translated English) | (Organic heat transfer fluids) | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Date of Implementation | 2026-11-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 23971-2009 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China | GB 23971-2009: Heat transfer fluids---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Heat transfer fluids
ICS 75.100
E34
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Heat Transfer Fluid
Published 2009-06-12
2010-01-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
2 3 Definitions
4 classification and labeling 4
4.1 Product Category 4
4.2 Product marking 4
4 5 requirements and test methods
6 Inspection Rules 6
6.1 Inspection Classification and test item 6
6.2 Batch 6
6.3 Sampling 7
6.4 decision rule 7
6.5 Review criteria 7
7 7 physical parameters
8 signs, packaging, transportation, storage 7
9 Security 7
Appendix A (informative) reg this standard numbering DIN51522-1998 Cap, No Control 8
Annex B (normative) Determination of total chlorine content in the crude power law 9
Annex C (normative) Heat Transfer Fluid 12 thermal oxidation stability test method
The nature of Annex D (informative) Heat Transfer Fluid 16
Reference 20
Foreword
This standard 4.2.1, Chapters 5 and 6 are mandatory, the rest are recommended.
This Standard is a modified DIN DIN51522-1998 "heat transfer fluids and test performance requirements" (in English). This standard
Structural differences DIN51522-1998 see Appendix A.
The main difference DIN51522-1998 this standard is as follows.
--- increased Table 1 Heat Transfer Fluid Products;
--- specifies the thermal stability index value;
--- specifies the index value point of spontaneous combustion;
--- provides carbon residue index value;
--- increasing the water-soluble acid-base indicators;
--- an acid value of index "is not greater than 0.2mgKOH/g" was changed to "not more than 0.05mg/g (as KOH)";
--- chlorine content modified by "not more than 0.01%" to "not more than 20mg/kg";
--- open systems products increased use of thermal oxidation stability indicators;
--- Added Appendix D, to aid in the understanding of this standard.
This standard Appendices B and C are normative; Appendix A and Appendix D is an information appendix.
This standard was proposed by the National Petroleum Products and Lubricants Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC280).
This standard petroleum products by the National Standardization Technical Committee Technical Committee petroleum fuels and lubricants and lubricant (SAC /
TC280/SC1) centralized.
Drafted by. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Research Institute of Petroleum, China Association for boiler water treatment, Ningbo Te
Kinds of equipment inspection and testing center, Guangzhou Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute under pressure, Shanghai Industrial Boiler Research Institute.
The main drafters. Liang Hong, Wang Jiao Ling, Zhou Ying, Yang Lin, Fan Bingbing.
This standard is the first release.
The date of implementation of this standard, the petrochemical industry standards SH/T 0677-1999 "heat transfer fluids" abolished.
Heat Transfer Fluid
Range 1
This standard specifies the unused mineral oil type and synthetic organic heat carrier and definitions of terms, classification and marking, the requirements and test methods
Method, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage.
This standard belongs product comprising L-QB, L-QC and L-QD Heat Transfer Fluid, mainly applicable to various types of indirect heat transfer system.
But not directly for heating or cooling having chemical oxidation.
This standard does not deal with oil production organic heat recovery.
Vegetable oils or animal fats and processed products can not serve as Heat Transfer Fluid.
According to GB/T 7631.12 L-QA is divided into categories of products is not available for organic heat boiler.
This standard relates to certain materials, operations and equipment is dangerous and not intended to address all safety issues related to this. therefore,
Users in the use of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of the management systems.
2 Normative references
Terms of the following documents become provisions of this standard by reference in this standard. For dated reference documents, all later
Amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to agreements based on this standard
Whether the latest versions of these documents. For undated references, the latest version applies to this standard.
GB/T 259 Petroleum products and alkali water-soluble acid assay
GB T 261 Flash Point/Pensky - Martens closed cup method (GB/T 261-2008, ISO 2719.2002, MOD)
GB/T 265 Petroleum products - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity
GB/T 268 Petroleum products - Determination of carbon residue (Conradson method) (GB/T 268-1987, neq ISO 6615. 1983)
GB/T 388 Determination of sulfur content of petroleum products (bomb method)
GB/T 508 Petroleum products - Determination of ash (GB/T 508-1985, neq ISO 6245. 1982)
GB/T 1884 Density of crude oil and liquid petroleum products laboratory assay (densitometer method) (GB/T 1884-2000, eqv
ISO 3675.1998)
GB/T 1885 Petroleum Measurement Tables (GB/T 1885-1998, eqv ISO 91-2.1991)
GB/T 3078 quality structural steel cold drawn
GB/T 3535 Petroleum products - Determination of pour point (GB/T 3535-2006, ISO 3016.1994, MOD)
GB/T 3536 Petroleum products - Determination of flash and fire points Cleveland open cup method (GB/T 3536-2008, ISO 2592.
2000, MOD)
GB/T 4756 liquid petroleum manual sampling method (GB/T 4756-1998, eqv ISO 3170. 1988)
GB/T 4945 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid and base (Color Indicator Method)
GB/T 5096 Petroleum products copper corrosion test method
GB/T 6536 Petroleum products - Determination of distillation
GB/T 7304 Petroleum products and lubricants - Determination of acid number (potentiometric titration)
GB/T 7534 industrial measuring volatile organic liquid boiling range (GB/T 7534-2004, ISO 4626. 1980, MOD) with
GB/T 7631.12 Lubricants and related products (L class) Classification - Part 12. Q group (heat transfer fluid) (GB/T 7631.12-
1994, eqv ISO 6743-12. 1989)
GB/T 11133 Liquid petroleum products - Determination of water (Karl Fischer method)
GB/T 11140 Sulfur in Petroleum Products measurement wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence content Spectrometry
GB/T 16483 MSDS content and order
GB/T 17040 Petroleum and petroleum products Determination of sulfur content - Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
GB/T 17144 Petroleum products - Determination of carbon residue (Micro Method) (GB/T 17144-1997, eqv ISO 10370.1993)
GB/T 23800 Determination of thermal stability Heat Transfer Fluid
SH0164 petroleum products, packaging, storage and delivery acceptance rules
SH/T 0170 Petroleum products - Determination of carbon residue (electric furnace process)
SH/T 0172 Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content (a high temperature method)
SH/T 0246 Light petroleum products - Determination of water (power law)
SH/T 0558 Petroleum distillate boiling range distribution measuring method (gas chromatography)
SH/T 0604 Crude petroleum and petroleum products densitometry (U vibrating tube method) (SH/T 0604-2000, eqv ISO 12185.1996)
SH/T 0642 liquid petroleum products and petrochemical ignition point assay
SH/T 0689 and a light hydrocarbon fuel oils and other total sulfur content assay (ultraviolet fluorescence method)
State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine TSGG0001 "Boiler Safety Technology Supervision" Rev.
ASTMD6304 determination of petroleum products, lubricants and additives water Karl Fischer coulometric titration
VDI3033-1995 "organic heat transfer systems operating, maintenance and repair."
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3.1
Examples of the organic substance is an organic heat transfer medium used collectively.
Note. Heat Transfer Fluid comprising a thermally conductive liquid is called (heattransferfluids), HTF (hotoils), the organic heat transfer medium (organicheattransfer
carriers), HTM (heatingmedia) all of the organic medium and the like for the purpose of indirect heat transfer. Chemical composition may be classified into a synthetic organic heat carrier
And a mineral oil type organic heat carrier body; The boiling range of organic heat carrier may be classified into a gas phase and a liquid organic heat carrier.
3.2
Organic heat transfer system has not been injected. Which does not include the oil recycling products.
3.3
Produced by chemical synthesis process, having a certain chemical structure and chemical name of the product is determined. The maximum allowable temperature, together
Forming synthetic organic heat carrier into normal and special synthetic high thermal stability.
3.4
Oil as raw material, and purified by distillation (including solvent refined and hydrotreated) appropriate fractions of products obtained by the process. Its main
To component mixture of hydrocarbons.
3.5
Synthetic organic heat carrier having a boiling point or azeotropic point may be used in the gas phase, the gas phase is referred to as Heat Transfer Fluid. Gas has
Hot carriers can be used in the liquid phase by pressurizing the way, so-called gas/liquid organic heat carrier.
3.6
Having a distillation range of certain synthetic organic heat and mineral oil type organic heat carrier can be used only under liquid phase conditions, referred to as liquid
Phase organic heat carrier.
3.7
Ability to resist chemical decomposition at high temperature organic heat carrier.
NOTE. As the temperature increases, the chemical reaction or organic heat molecular rearrangement occurs, the generated gas-phase decomposition products, low boilers, high boilers and can not evaporate
The product will affect the performance of the organic heat carrier.
3.8
Determination of Test 23800 GB/T by organic heat deterioration test of not more than 10% at the highest test (mass fraction) Condition
temperature.
3.9
Heat transfer system under operating conditions, measured at the outlet of the boiler main body average temperature organic heat to the working temperature; allowing the boiler outlet
Organic heat carrier maximum allowable temperature of the mainstream of the highest operating temperature.
3.10
Film refers to the temperature inside the temperature boundary layer of organic heat carrier heating surface temperature organic heat boiler, i.e. in contact with the tube wall; most
Allowing the high boundary layer film temperature organic heat within the maximum allowable temperature which is any one of the organic heat transfer system
Should not exceed temperatures.
3.11
Organic heat transfer system from the atmosphere in the expansion tank. Closed systems typically employ an inert gas or cold air and fluid seal means
isolation.
3.12
Expansion tank open to the atmosphere organic heat transfer system.
3.13
Using the GB/T 23800 test method the thermal stability, by the method of weighing a sample having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure, measured at room temperature after heating
The following substances, such as hydrogen and methane.
3.14
Using the GB/T 23800 test method the thermal stability, by using simulated distillation process is not measured after the sample was heated with a boiling range
Hot an initial boiling point below the carrier substance.
3.15
Using the GB/T 23800 test method the thermal stability, by using simulated distillation process is not measured after the sample was heated with a boiling range
Hot end point or carrier substances evaporated.
3.16
Using the GB/T 23800 test method the thermal stability, it can not be simulated distillation method for separating out material, which is to bulb distillation
The residue is quantitatively measured under certain conditions.
4 Classification and Marking
4.1 Products
Their products based on this standard GB/T 7631.12 division product variety, and in accordance with the use state, and applies the highest heat transfer system type
Allowable temperature to determine the product code, the specific classification shown in Table 1.
Table 1 of Heat Transfer Fluid Products
Product varieties L-QB L-QC L-QD
Product Type refined mineral oil type common synthetic refined mineral oil having a specific type common synthetic high thermal stability of synthetic
Use liquid state
Liquid or
Gas/liquid
Liquid
Liquid or
Gas/liquid
Liquid or
Gas/liquid
Suitable heat transfer
System Type
Closed Closed Closed or open
product code
L-QB280
L-QB300
L-QC310
L-QC320
L-QD330, L-QD340
L-QD350, L-QD ××× a
aL-QD ××× refers to the maximum allowable temperature is higher than 350 deg.] C of a product is determined by the thermal stability test, such as L-QD360, L-QD370,
L-QD380, L-QD390, L-QD400 like.
4.2 Product labeling
4.2.1 way mark
Table 2 comply with the technical requirements standard product should be marked as follows.
L-Q
Class group L-Q group code heat transfer fluids in accordance with GB/T 7631.12
Group Q product category code, such as B, C, D
YYY
Determined according to GB/T 23800 method of the maximum allowable temperature organic heat
GB 23971
present standard code and sequence number
4.2.2 tag example
A product of the maximum allowable temperature is 300 ℃, which products labeled L-QB300GB 23971.
5 requirements and test methods
Organic organic heat transfer medium used in high temperature conditions, in order to ensure safe operation of the boiler and the heat transfer system, Heat Transfer Fluid
Producers should strictly enforce the "Boiler Safety Technology Supervision" of the relevant requirements concerning organic heat carrier.
Organic heat technical requirements and test methods are shown in Table 2.
Technical requirements and test methods Table 2 of Heat Transfer Fluid
project
Quality Index
L-QB L-QCa L-QDa
280 300 310 320 330 340 350 ×××
Test methods or reference documents
The maximum allowable temperature b 280 300 310 320 330 340 350 ××× GB/T 23800
Appearance Clear, no visual suspension
Spontaneous point/℃ no less than the maximum allowable temperature SH/T 0642
TABLE 2 (cont.)
project
Quality Index
L-QB L-QCa L-QDa
280 300 310 320 330 340 350 ×××
Test methods or reference documents
Flash point (closed)/℃ no less than 100 GB/T 261
Flash point (open) c/℃ not lower than 180 - GB/T 3536
Sulfur content (mass fraction) /%
Not more than 0.2
GB/T 388, GB/T 11140,
GB/T 17040, SH/T 0172,
SH/T 0689e
Chlorine content/(mg/kg) not more than 20 Appendix B
Acid number (as KOH)/(mg/g)
Not more than 0.05 GB/T 4945e, GB/T 7304
Copper Corrosion (100 ℃, 3h)/stage
Not more than 1 GB/T 5096
Water/(mg/kg)
Not more than 500
GB/T 11133, SH/T 0246
ASTMD6304e
Water-soluble acid-free GB/T 0259
Pour point/℃ no higher than -9 report d GB/T 3535
Density (20 ℃) / (kg/m3)
Report d
GB/T 1884 and GB/T 1885
SH/T 0604
Ash (mass fraction)/Report% d GB/T 508
Distillation Range
Initial boiling point of f/℃
2%/℃
Report d
Report d
SH/T 0558
GB/T 6536
Boiling range/℃ (gas) report d GB/T 7534
Carbon residue (mass fraction) /%
Not more than 0.05
GB/T 268e, SH/T 0170,
GB/T 17144
Kinematic viscosity/(mm2/s)
0 ℃
Not more than 40 ℃
100 ℃
Report d
Report d
Report d
Report d
Report d
GB/T 265
Thermal oxidation stability (175 ℃, 72h) g
Viscosity increase (40 ℃) /% is not greater than
Increase in acid number (as KOH) /
(Mg/g) is not greater than
Sediment/(mg/100g) is not greater than
0.8
Appendix C
Thermal stability (maximum allowable use temperature
heating)
Exterior
Deterioration /% is not greater than
720h
Transparent, and no precipitation suspension
1000h
Transparent, and no precipitation suspension
GB/T 23800
TABLE 2 (cont.)
project
Quality Index
L-QB L-QCa L-QDa
280 300 310 320 330 340 350 ×××
Test methods or reference documents
aL-QC and L-QD-based organic heat should be used in a closed system.
b In actual use, the maximum operating temperature than the maximum allowable use temperature should be at least lower 10 ℃, L-QB, and L-QC maximum allowable temperature of the liquid film
Maximum allowable operating temperature plus 20 ℃, L-QD maximum allowable temperature of the liquid film plus the maximum allowable temperature is 30 ℃. See related requirements "boiler safety
Full technology supervision order. "
c organic heat transfer when used in an open system, the indicator meet the required opening flash point.
d all the "Report" project, provided the measured data to the user by the manufacturer or distributor to choose from.
When the measurement result e controversial, the sulfur content measured in SH/T 0689 arbitration method, acid value measured in GB/T 4945 arbitration method, carbon residue to
GB/T 268 method of arbitration, the arbitration method of water to ASTMD6304.
When f initial boiling point below the maximum operating temperature, heat transfer system should be closed.
G When thermal oxidation stability to reach the indicator, organic heat should be used in a closed system.
6 Inspection Rules
6.1 classification test and inspection project
This standard test their products into the factory inspection and type test.
6.1.1 factory inspection
Factory inspection is divided into batches of the factory and factory inspection cycle test, the test items and test frequency are shown in Table 3. Each batch of organic
Heat carrier shall be factory inspection and inspection reports issued by the inspection department of production units. In addition to factory inspection report it includes the lot of
The results measured outside the factory inspection program, should also include the results of the measurement cycle factory inspection items of the product this week period.
Table 3 factory inspection items and frequency of testing
Batches of the factory
test
Test item Test Frequency
Appearance, kinematic viscosity (40 ℃, 100 ℃), an acid value, a flash point (open and closed),
Water-soluble acids and bases, 2% distillation range, density, carbon residue, pour point
Each batch of test
Factory cycle
test
Ignition point, ash content, chlorine content, copper corrosion, the sulfur content, the initial boiling point is detected once every six months
Thermal oxidation stability of a detection annually
Thermal stability testing every four years,
Product a closed system for thermal oxidation stability is not measured.
6.1.2 Type inspection
Type inspection items include all technical requirements in Table 2. One of the following type of inspection to be carried out.
a) the development of new products into the market before;
B) When the raw material and manufacturing process variations;
c) the delivery lot inspection or periodic inspection results and the last type are quite different when the test results;
D) When the normal production time up to 4 years;
e) discontinued more than a year to restore production;
Proposing a comprehensive inspection f) the national quality supervision agency.
6.2 Batch
In the raw materials, the same process conditions, the product produced per pot of a pot or a group batch. Each group approved batch inspection report date should be
The group with the production date and batch Batch number corresponding.
6.3 Sampling
Sampling by GB/T 4756 for, 2L taken as a test sample and with the left.
6.4 determine the rules
The factory inspection results are all consistent with the standard of the technical requirements specified in Table 2, it is judged that this batch of qualified products. Product quality should be accompanied by close
Grid certificate before leaving the factory.
6.5 Review criteria
The factory test result fails to meet this standard technical requirements specified in Table 2, predetermined GB/T 4756 is re-extracted bis
Times the amount of sample retesting. As still a retest results do not meet the criteria in Table 2 requirements in the art, it is determined whether the product
Failed.
7 physical parameters
In the use of organic heat kinematic viscosity, density, temperature range, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, vapor pressure, latent heat of vaporization, enthalpy and the like pot
Furnace and heat transfer system designed physical parameters related to the manufacturer or supplier shall be provided.
8 signs, packaging, transportation and storage
Signs, packaging, transportation, storage and delivery acceptance by SH0164.
Organic heat carrier's factory inspection report and drums should express its compliance with this standard product marking 4.2. Synthetic organic heat carrier also
It shall be marked with the chemical name of the main component.
9 Security
About organic heat carrier transport, storage, use and incident handling and other aspects related to data and information security, there should be included in the
Hot product carrier "MSDS" (MaterialSafetyDataSheet) in. Manufacturer or supplier shall provide its
Organic heat carrier products in line with GB/T 16483 stipulated Material Safety Data Sheet.
Appendix A
(Informative)
This standard reg number and chapter number DIN51522-1998 strip control
A. A number of Standard reg DIN51522-1998 Cap, No Control Table A. 1.
Table A. A number of Standard reg number table DIN51522-1998 Cap,
This standard clauses Chapter Number Article number DIN51522-1998
5 5,6
6 -
8 -
9 -
Appendix A -
Appendix B -
Appendix C -
Appendix D -
Appendix B
(Normative)
Determination of total chlorine content in the crude power law
B. Range 1
Test Method This method provides a total chlorine content of heavy crude oil and petroleum products.
The scope of the method of measuring the chlorine content of 1mg/kg ~ 10000mg/kg.
B. 2 Summary of Method
The cuvette filled with the sample placed in a quartz boat, the solid into the gasification stage injector Shi Ying tube, the sample is combusted in oxygen and nitrogen
gasification. The sample is converted to chloride chloride, and with the airflow into the titration cell contains a constant silver ion concentration with, the following takes place
reaction.
Ag ++ Cl- → AgCl ↓
At this time, the silver ion concentration decreased pool, the indicator electrode of the input signal amplifier, which outputs a voltage signal corresponding to the
Electrolysis electrodes, silver ions generated by the electrolytic anodic electrolysis, the silver ions to replenish consumed, when the silver ion concentration in an electrolytic cell restored to the original level
When the equilibrium concentration, the electrolysis is stopped automatically. Note electrolysis to produce the desired amount of silver ions, according to the Faraday's laws of electrolysis to find the total sample
Chlorine content.
Figure A. 1 is a flow diagram chlorine content in the sample was measured microcoulombs.
Figure A. 1 Microcoulomb chlorine content determination flow diagram
B. 3 instruments and equipment
B. 3.1 microcoulometry titrator. injector comprising a solid, temperature, flow controller, magnetic stirrer, cracking furnace, Coulomb amplifier, integrator
And recorder.
B. 3.2 titration vessel. indicating electrode and the electrolytic electrode.
B. 3.2.1 measuring electrode. a thickness is 0.1mm ~ 0.2mm, the area of 7mm × 7mm silver platinum plate.
B. 3.2.2 Reference electrode. platinum wire of a diameter of 0.5mm, inserted into a saturated solution of the silver acetate silver.
B. 3.2.3 Anode electrolysis. the same measuring electrode.
B. 3.2.4 Cathode electrolysis. the 0.4mm diameter platinum wire, immersed in the electrolytic solution side arm.
B. 3.3 lysis Shi Ying tube. the inlet end of the filling line of copper oxide.
B. 3.4 Shi Ying boat.
B. 3.5 Shi Ying cup.
B. 4 Reagents and Materials
B. 4.1 copper oxide. AR.
B. 4.2 Deionized water. In addition to saline-treated mixed resin ion exchange or double distilled water.
B. 4.3 Electrolyte. 700mL of glacial acetic acid (analytically pure) mixed with 300mL deionized water.
B. 4.4 Reaction gas. oxygen (purity > 99.99%); carrier gas. nitrogen or argon (purity > 99.99%).
B. 4.5 silver plating solution. Take analytically pure silver cyanide 4.0g, potassium 4.0g, analytical grade potassium carbonate 6.0g, and deionized water were dissolved receiving
Volumetric flask, dilute to 100mL, filtered standby (with safety should pay attention to).
B. 4.6 pure class hexachlorobenzene, 2,4-dinitro-chloro-benzene, as a standard.
B. 4.7 white oil, used as a diluent.
B. Organochlorine 4.8 Standard solution. Accurately weigh microbalance with an appropriate amount of HCB or 2,4-dinitro chlorobenzene dissolved in white oil, f...
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