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GB 12981-2025 English PDF

GB 12981: Evolution and historical versions

Standard ID	Contents [version]	USD	STEP2	[PDF] delivered in	Standard Title (Description)	Status	PDF
GB 12981-2025	English	RFQ	ASK	3 days [Need to translate]	Motor vehicle brake fluids		GB 12981-2025
GB 12981-2012	English	145	Add to Cart	0--9 seconds. Auto-delivery	Motor vehicle brake fluids	Valid	GB 12981-2012
GB 12981-2003	English	RFQ	ASK	9 days [Need to translate]	Motor vehicle brake fluids	Obsolete	GB 12981-2003
GB 12981-1991	English	RFQ	ASK	6 days [Need to translate]	Synthetic brake fluid HZY2, HZY3, HZY4	Obsolete	GB 12981-1991

Basic data

Standard ID	GB 12981-2025 (GB12981-2025)
Description (Translated English)	Motor vehicle brake fluids
Sector / Industry	National Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard	E39
Classification of International Standard	75.120
Date of Issue	2025-12-02
Date of Implementation	2027-01-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard)	GB 12981-2012

GB 12981-2012: Motor vehicle brake fluids

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Motor vehicle brake fluids ICS 75.120 E39 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replacing GB 12981-2003 Motor vehicle brake fluid (ISO 4925.2005, Roadvehicles-Specificationofnon-petroleum-base brakefluidsforhydraulicsystems, MOD) Issued on. 2012-05-11 2012-10-01 implementation Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China released

Preface Ⅰ 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 product variety and number 1 3.1 1 product variety 3.2 products mark 2 4 2 requirements and test methods 5 Inspection Rules 4 5.1 Inspection Classification and Inspection Item 4 5.2 Batch 4 5.3 Sampling 4 5.4 determine the rules 4 5.5 reinspection Rule 5 6 signs, packaging, transportation and storage 5 Appendix A (informative) This standard and ISO 4925.2005 reg numbers correspond to the list of 6 Annex B (informative) This standard and ISO 4925.2005 Differences and technical reasons List 8 Annex C (normative) wet equilibrium reflux boiling point of the brake fluid assay 9 Annex D (normative) Determination of brake fluid pH value 11 Appendix E (normative) brake fluid stability test method 13 Annex F (normative) Brake fluid metal laminations 15 corrosion test method Annex G (normative) brake fluid low-temperature fluidity and appearance inspection method 20 Annex H (normative) Brake fluid evaporation loss test method 22 Annex I (normative) brake fluid container and aqueous compatibility test method 24 Appendix J (normative) Brake fluid oxidation resistance test method 26 Annex K (normative) Brake Fluid rubber adaptability Inspection Act 28 Annex L (informative) Test Method brake stroke simulator 30 Annex M (informative) brake fluid rust resistance test method 34

Foreword

The standard Chapter 4, Table 1 is mandatory (except for test method), the rest are recommended. This standard was drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules. This standard replaces GB 12981-2003 "motor vehicle brake fluid", compared with GB 12981-2003 main technical changes are as follows. --- This standard relates to the increased use of security warnings; --- The standard Chapter 1 Scope vary; --- This standard removed the "Terms and Definitions" chapter, Chapter 3, the title changed to "product classification and marking" and should be changed accordingly; --- The standard Chapter 3. Remove the brake fluid silicone type varieties that contain only HZY5 corresponds to internationally accepted yield DOT5.1 Products; increase corresponds to the ISO 4925.2005 HZY6 a variety class6; and related products increased by 3.2 mark content; --- Chapter 4 requirements and test methods stars as Table 1, Table 2; Table 1 pH measurement values instead Appendix D method is no longer referenced GB/T 7304, and the relative increase should also Appendix D "brake fluid pH value measuring method"; --- Chapter 4, Table 1, remove the low-temperature fluidity and appearance, content hiding charts and aqueous liquid compatibility project used; Rubber adaptation project, delete the 70 ℃ temperature test; SBR rubber cup measured volume increase added value; --- Chapter 4 Table 2 adds rust resistance project; stroke simulator pilot project to recommend projects; --- Appendix F, change in hardness value is calculated from the cup of ΔH = H2-H1 to ΔH = H1-H2; --- Appendix H adds Test Method B; --- APPENDIX I change the name. Aqueous and brake fluid container compatibility test method; compatibility test using a liquid compatible with national standards sample. This standard uses redrafted law revision using ISO 4925.2005 "Road vehicles - Non-petroleum base hydraulic brake system with brake fluid regulation Fan "(in English) prepared. This standard and ISO 4925.2005 compared to the more structural adjustment, listed in Appendix A of this standard and ISO 4925.2005's Reg number control list. This standard and ISO 4925.2005 as compared to the presence of a technical difference, Appendix B gives the corresponding list of technical differences and their reasons. This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee on products and lubricant oil (SAC/TC280) proposed. This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee on Petroleum Products and Lubricants synthetic oils Technical Committee (SAC/TC280/SC5) Centralized. This standard is drafted by. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation lubricants Chongqing Branch, Ministry of Communications Highway Research Institute, in National Association for Standardization vehicle maintenance supplies technology to promote the Commission, the China FAW Group Technical Center, Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Institute of Technology, Fujian Lake Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Liaoning Rady Fine Chemical Co., PLA General Logistics Department Oil Institute, Zhejiang University Fangyuan Chemical Ltd., Wuxi oil grease limited liability company. Participated in the drafting of this Standard. China FAW Group, Tianjin Automobile Company, Shanghai Volkswagen, the PLA General Logistics Department Military Transportation Institute, Zhangjiagang Dick car Chemicals Co., Ltd., Zhejiang University Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Jiangyin City Yida Chemical Co. the company. The main drafters of this standard. Yan Zili, Zhang Yang, Guo Yiming, Zhang Shuhua, Dai Fumin, Li Chunhui, Liu Jinlong, cold View Jun, single Jingbo, Yang Xiaojun. This standard replaces GB 12981 standards previously issued as follows. --- GB 12981-1991; --- GB 12981-2003. Motor vehicle brake fluid Warning. This product is not flammable dangerous goods, but to the eyes and skin stimulation, once in contact immediately rinse with water; this product Paint aggressive role.

1 Scope

This standard specifies the requirements and test methods for motor vehicle hydraulic brake and clutch systems of non-petroleum based hydraulic brake fluid inspection Rules and signs, packaging, transportation and storage. This standard applies to the production of seals in contact with the styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) or ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), a non-petroleum-based raw materials Based solution, and adding a motor vehicle brake fluid made of a variety of additives. This standard does not apply to a motor vehicle under the conditions of the polar environment brake fluid.

2 Normative references

The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 265 Petroleum products - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity GB/T 514 petroleum products and technical conditions with a liquid thermometer GB/T 710 high-quality carbon structural steel sheets and strips GB/T 2520 tin plated cold-rolled steel sheet and strip GB/T 3190 Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloy chemical composition (ISO 209.2007 (E), MOD) GB/T 4756 petroleum liquids hand sampling method (ISO 3170. 1988, EQV) GB/T 5231 Wrought copper and copper alloy chemical composition and shape of the product Logo GB/T 5345 Road vehicles petroleum-based or non-petroleum base brake fluid container GB/T 8170 repair value expressed about the rules and limit values and judgment GB/T 8926 Used Lubricating insolubles assay GB/T 9439 Gray Iron Castings (ISO 185.2005, MOD) GB/T 10586 humid chamber technical conditions GB/T 11158 temperature test chambers GB/T 13818 die-cast zinc alloy HG2865 automotive hydraulic brake rubber cup QC/T 77 automobile hydraulic brake wheel cylinders technical conditions QC/T 311 auto hydraulic brake master cylinder performance requirements and test methods of SH/T 0086 engine coolant concentrate - Determination of water (Karl Fischer method) SH0164 petroleum product packaging, storage and delivery acceptance rules SH/T 0430 brake fluid equilibrium reflux boiling point assay

3 product variety and marking

3.1 product variety This standard relates to a motor vehicle hydraulic brake and hydraulic clutch system with a non-petroleum base brake fluid product family, product line called HZY, wherein, H, Z, Y three uppercase letters are "synthetic", "brake", "liquid" phrase first three Chinese characters Pinyin Initials. According to different product use conditions of temperature and viscosity requirements into HZY3, HZY4, HZY5, HZY6 four levels, respectively Should the international standard ISO 4925.2005 in Class3, Class4, Class5.1, Class6, which HZY3, HZY4, HZY5 corresponding to US Ministry of Transport types of brake fluid DOT3, DOT4, DOT5.1. 3.2 Product marking Mark brake fluid products shall be labeled with at least. the product level, "motor vehicle brake fluid" For example. HZY3 motor vehicle brake fluid

4 requirements and test methods

Technical requirements and test methods for motor vehicle brake fluid are shown in Table 1, Table 2. Technical requirements and test methods for a motor vehicle brake fluid table project Quality Index HZY3 HZY4 HZY5 HZY6 experiment method 1 Appearance clear and transparent, without suspended solids, impurities and precipitation visual Kinematic viscosity/(mm2/s) -40 ℃ not more than Not less than 100 ℃ 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 GB/T 265 3 equilibrium reflux boiling point (ERBP)/℃ no less than 205 230 260 250 SH/T 0430 4 wet equilibrium reflux boiling point (WERBP)/℃ no less than 140 155 180 165 Appendix Ca 5 pH value of 7.0 to 11.5 Appendix D Liquid stability (ERBP change)/℃ High temperature stability (185 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 120min ± 5min) Chemical stability ± 5 ± 5

Appendix E

Corrosion (100 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 120h ± 2h) After the test metal sheet mass change/(mg/cm2) Tinplate cast iron brass Copper After the test sheet metal exterior Test after test solution performance Exterior pH value The precipitate (volume fraction) /% ≤ Rubber cuffs status after the test Exterior Is not greater than the hardness decreased Root diameter value/mm no more than Volume increase value /% ≤ 0.2 -0.2 ~ 0.2 -0.2 ~ 0.2 -0.2 ~ -0.1 To 0.1 0.4 -0.4 ~ 0.4 -0.4 ~ 0.4 -0.4 ~ No visible pitting and rough surface, allowing discoloration or stains Gel-free, non-sticky material on the metal surface 7.0 to 11.5 0.10 The surface is not sticky, no black precipitate 1.4

Appendix F

Table 1 (continued) project Quality Index HZY3 HZY4 HZY5 HZY6 experiment method Low-temperature fluidity and appearance -40 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 144h ± 2h Exterior The bubbles float to the surface of the time/s not more than Precipitate -50 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 6h ± 0.2h Exterior The bubbles float to the surface of the time/s not more than precipitation Clear and transparent uniform Clear and transparent uniform

Appendix G

Evaporative performance (100 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 168h ± 2h) Evaporation loss /% ≤ The nature of the residue The residue Pour point/℃ no higher than With fingertip friction, precipitation does not contain particles of sand and abrasive material -5 Appendix Ha Yung aqueous (22h ± 2h) -40 ℃ Exterior The bubbles float to the surface time/s not more than precipitation 60 ℃ Exterior Precipitation amount (volume fraction) /% ≤ Clear and transparent uniform Clear and transparent uniform 0.05 Appendix I Fluid compatibility (22h ± 2h) -40 ℃ ± 2 ℃ Exterior precipitation 60 ℃ ± 2 ℃ Exterior Precipitation amount (volume fraction) /% ≤ Clear and transparent uniform Clear and transparent uniform 0.05 Appendix I Oxidation resistance (70 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 168h ± 2h) Sheet metal exterior Metal mass change/(mg/cm2) cast iron No visible pitting corrosion and pitting, allows deposition of trace gum, allowing the specimen decolorization -0.05 To 0.05 0.3 -0.3 ~ Appendix J Rubber adaptability (120 ℃ ± 2 ℃, 70h ± 2h) Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) Cup Root diameter value/mm Hardness decreased value/IRHD is not greater than Volume increase value /% Exterior EPDM rubber (EPDM) Specimen Hardness decreased value/IRHD is not greater than Volume increase value /% Exterior 0.15 ~ 1.40 1 to 16 Not sticky, no bubble, no precipitation of carbon black 0-10 Not sticky, no bubble, no precipitation of carbon black Appendix K a test result when disputes arise, this standard recommends to test results A law shall prevail. Technical requirements and test methods for motor vehicle brake fluid 2 table No. Item Quality Index HZY3 HZY4 HZY5 HZY6 experiment method Travel analog performance (85,000 strokes, 120 ℃ ± 5 ℃, 7.0MPa ± 0.3MPa) By La appendix

2 rust performance qualified Appendix Ma

a is determined by the supply and demand sides negotiated.

5 Inspection Rules

5.1 classification test and inspection project The product inspection is divided into the factory inspection and type test. 5.1.1 factory inspection Batches of the factory inspection items include. appearance, balance reflux boiling point, wet equilibrium reflux boiling point, kinematic viscosity, pH value. In the raw materials and process conditions are not likely to affect the quality of the product changes, the factory periodic inspection items include. evaporative performance, rot Corrosion resistance, adaptability rubber tested once a month. 5.1.2 Type inspection Type test items for the provisions of Chapter 4 in Table 1 all the test items (the case of supply and demand sides agreed, it may also be included in Table 2 of Test items). Type test should be carried out every two years. Type tested under the following conditions. a) identify the product when styling; b) converting the product to the plant or production time; c) official production, the case of raw materials, production processes or procedures for major technological changes that may affect product performance; The resumption of production d) Discontinued product long after; Results e) factory inspection and the last type test results have a big difference, we can not determine the factors contributing to the variance of product performance and production Health impact when; f) the national quality supervision bodies during type inspection requirements; g) users have special requirements. 5.2 Batch In raw materials, process the same conditions, each producing a pot or kettle product batch. 5.3 Sampling According to GB/T 4756 carried out. Each batch of product sampling 4L (such as stroke simulator performance tests including, where appropriate, to increase the sample size), as a test Use and retention samples. 5.4 determine the rules Factory inspection and type test results of rounding off according to GB/T 8170 carried out, such as test results meet the technical requirements of Chapter 4 of Table 1 (If the supply and demand sides agreed to test items contain the requirements of Table 2, the test results should also include the technical requirements of Table 2), it is determined that the product qualified. 5.5 reinspection rules If the test result in non-compliance with Chapter 4, Table 1 technical requirements (if both parties have agreed to test items contained in Table 2 of the technical requirements, Test results should also include the technical requirements of Table 2) is specified, according to the provisions GB/T 4756 re-drawn double the sample retest, retest Results such as when there are non-conformities, the batch of products is determined to be ineligible. 6 signs, packaging, transportation and storage The product label, packaging, transportation and storage by the SH0164 and GB/T 5345 carried out.

Appendix A

(Informative) This standard and ISO 4925.2005 reg numbers correspond to the list Table A.1 gives this standard and ISO 4925.2005 Number of reg control the situation. Table A.1 This standard and ISO 4925.2005 reg number control situation The number corresponds to the ISO standard reg reg standard number twenty two 3 - Table 1 1 Table 1 2 Table 1 3 Table 1 4 Table 1 5 Table 1 6 Table 1 7 Table 1 of 8 Table 1 of 9 Table 1 10 Table 1 Article 11 Table 1 12 Table 1 13 Table 2 1 Table 2 2 Table 1, Item 1 Table 1 2 Table 1 2 Table 1 3 Table 1 4 Table 1 5 Table 1 6 Table 1 7 Table 1 of 8 Table 1 of 9 Table 1 10 5 - 6 - Appendix A - Appendix B - Appendix C 5.2.6 Appendix D - Appendix E 5.4 Appendix F 5.5 Appendix G 5.6 Appendix H - Appendix I 5.7,5.8 Appendix J 5.9 Annex K (normative) 5.10 Table A.1 (CONTINUED) The number corresponds to the ISO standard reg reg standard number Annex L (normative) - Annex M (normative) - - 5.1 - 5.2.1,5.2.2,5.2.3,5.2.4,5.2.5 - 5.3 - Appendix A Appendix F Appendix B tables F.1 Figure F.2 in Appendix F Appendix C - Appendix D - Appendix E - references

Appendix B

(Informative) This standard and ISO 4925.2005 List of technical differences and their causes Table B.1 gives the 4925 Standard and ISO .2005 List of technical differences and the reasons. Table B.1 of this standard and ISO 4925.2005 technical differences and their causes This standard reg number of technical reasons for differences Name Name changed. motor vehicle brake fluid to adapt to China's national conditions Increase safety tips to adapt to the requirements of the standard to prepare for China's national conditions About normative references, this standard has made technical differences Adjustment, adjust the focus reflected in Chapter 2, "Normative text Member ", the specific adjustments are as follows. --- With GB/T 265 instead of ISO 3104 (see Chapter 4, Table 1); --- Using the modified ASTM D893 using the GB/T 8926 instead of ASTMD91 (see F.3.9, F.5.6.3, I.3.1, I.4.1.2.3, I.4.2.2.3, L.6.13); --- With reference to the use of ASTM D1123 for SH/T 0086 instead of ASTMD1123 (see C.4.1); --- With SH/T 0430 instead of ASTMD1120 (see Chapter 4, Table 1, C.2, C.4.1, C.4.2, E.2.1, E.2.2, E.3.1, E.5.1.4); --- Increased references GB/T 514 (see G.3.3, H.3.7, I.3.4); --- Increased references GB/T 710, GB/T 2520, GB/T 3190, GB/T 5231, GB/T 9439, GB/T 13818 (see F.3.18 Table F.1); --- Increased references GB/T 4756 (see 5.3,5.5); --- Increased references GB/T 5345, SH0164 (see Chapter 6); --- Increased references GB/T 8170 (see 5.4); --- Increased references GB/T 10586 (see M.3.1); --- Increased references GB/T 11158 (see C.3.3, F.3.2, I.3.3, J.3.1.3, K.3.2); --- Increase cited HG2865 (see F.4.3.3, L.3.3); --- Increase cited QC/T 77 (see L.4.2); --- Increase cited QC/T 311 (see L.4.1) Adaptation of technical conditions, increased operability, they In standard execution 5 increase in Chapter 5, "Inspection Rules" to increase maneuverability, ease of implementation of standards 6 to increase the implementation of Chapter 6, "marking, packaging, transportation and storage" to increase maneuverability, easy to standard Not using ISO standard Appendix A, Appendix D, Appendix E, refer to the text Offer (and the associated normative references) Adaptation of technical conditions, the use of the specimen National standard samples, prepared to adapt to the provisions of the standard

Appendix C

(Normative) Wet equilibrium reflux boiling point of the brake fluid assay C.1 Scope This method is applicable to the determination of brake fluid moisture equilibrium reflux boiling point, in order to assess the balance reflux brake fluid boiling water after a downward trend, indirect Analyzing high temperature brake fluid anti-vapor lock performance. C.2 Methods Summary This method is divided into two Method A and Method B. A method is the brake fluid 350mL and 350mL humidity control solution were poured into two identical Corrosion test cup (see Figure F.1), placed in the same humidifier (see Figure C.1) in the humidifier, when the control liquid water content of 0.50% by the humidifier to 3.70%, according to the provisions of SH/T 0430 Method for Determination of equilibrium reflux boiling point of the brake fluid after humidification sample; B is a direct method to be in 60mL Brake fluid test sample injection 2.1mL distilled water, mix well, measuring the equilibrium reflux boiling point. Millimeters 1 --- rubber stopper; 2 --- perforated cover glass dryer; 3 --- lubricating contact surface; 4 --- triethylene glycol monomethyl ether; 5 --- corrosion test cup; 6 --- liquid sample; 7 --- perforated dryer separator; 8 --- distilled water. Figure C.1 humidifier C.3 Instruments and reagents C.3.1 humidifier. two inner diameter of 250mm, total height of about 295mm of glass dryer, the dryer top of the cover on the 8th hole with a rubber stopper, A dryer with a ceramic plate having a diameter of 230mm. C.3.2 cylinder. 100mL. C.3.3 high temperature chamber. in line with GB/T 11158 in the request. C.3.4 syringe. long needle, 100μL. C.3.5 pipette. 5mL. C.3.6 microburette. 5mL. C.3.7 distilled water. C.3.8 humidity control solution. Content (mass fraction) is greater than 94% of triethylene glycol monomethyl ether (prior to the deployment of its water content is adjusted to 0.50% ± 0.05%), plus 0.25% of the mass fraction of bisphenol A as a stabilizer. C.4 Test Procedure C.4.1 A method (absorption method). --- Lubricate both humidifier grinding mouth, added to each humidifier 450mL ± 10mL distilled water, placed on a ceramic plate, cover Cover. --- Prepare four cups dry and clean corrosion test, two of them were added 350mL ± 5mL brake fluid sample, and the other two in Were added 350mL ± 5mL humidity control solution. In each simultaneously into a humidifier filled with brake fluid sample Corrosion test cup filled with humidity control and a liquid corrosion test cup, covered with a humidifier cap (corrosion test cup should be placed open mouth), Placed in an oven at controlled temperature 50 ℃ ± 1 ℃ in. Periodically, unplug the dryer at the top of the rubber stopper with a long needle Syringe (C.3.5), each filled with humidity control from liquid corro...