GB/T 40475-2021 PDF in English
GB/T 40475-2021 (GB/T40475-2021, GBT 40475-2021, GBT40475-2021)
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Technical requirements for lectotype of refrigerated and insulated vehicles
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 40475-2021
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GB/T 40475-2021: PDF in English (GBT 40475-2021) GB/T 40475-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 03.220.20
R 12
Technical requirements for lectotype of refrigerated and
insulated vehicles
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 20, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 1, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Classification ... 5
5 Vehicle requirements ... 6
6 Requirements for the compartment ... 7
7 Special configuration requirements ... 9
8 Requirements for vehicle lectotype and vehicle body marking ... 11
Appendix A (Informative) Heat transfer capacity ... 13
Appendix B (Informative) Comparison table for common perishable foods and
lectotypes of refrigerated and insulated vehicles ... 15
Technical requirements for lectotype of refrigerated and
insulated vehicles
1 Scope
This standard establishes the classification, vehicle requirements, compartment
requirements, special configuration requirements, vehicle lectotype, and vehicle body
marking requirements of refrigerated and insulated vehicles.
This standard applies to the lectotype of refrigerated and insulated vehicles for road
transportation.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 6420-2017 Freight trailer series pedigree
GB 7258 Technical specifications for safety of power-driven vehicles operating on
roads
GB 8624 Classification for burning behavior of building materials and products
GB 20891 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel
engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV)
GB/T 21145 Mechanical transport refrigeration units
GB 29753 Safety requirements and test methods for refrigerating van for
transporting food and biological products on road
JT/T 1325 Technical requirements and inspection methods for driving temperature
recorders
QC/T 252 Type test regulations for special automobile
QC/T 449 Technical conditions and test methods of insulated and refrigerated
vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions specified in GB 29753 and the followings apply to this
document.
3.1 Refrigerated and insulated vehicles
Cargo transportation vehicles that are equipped with temperature-regulating equipment
and compartments with the function of maintaining a predetermined temperature range,
including refrigerated-and-insulated trucks and refrigerated-and-insulated trailers.
3.2 Cooling capacity
When the refrigeration unit is in cooling operation, the total amount of heat removed
from the confined space and area per unit time under specified conditions.
Note: The unit is watt (W).
3.3 Cargo hold
The compartment unit that can carry cargo on a refrigerated and insulated vehicle.
4 Classification
4.1 When the ambient temperature is 30 °C, according to the temperature range of the
average temperature maintained in the cargo compartment of the refrigerated and
insulated vehicle, GB 29753 and the actual demands, the refrigerated and insulated
vehicles for transporting perishable food are divided into 7 categories: A, B, C, D, E, F,
and J. The specific classification is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 -- Classification of refrigerated and insulated vehicles for transporting
perishable food
4.2 When the ambient temperature is 30 °C, according to the temperature range of the
average temperature maintained in the cargo compartment of the refrigerated and
insulated vehicle, GB 29753 and the actual demands, the refrigerated and insulated
vehicles for transporting biological products are divided into two categories: G and H.
The specific classification is shown in Table 2.
Avg. temperature in compartment / °C
Classification of refrigerated-insulated vehicles
f) After the average temperature in the cargo compartment reaches the requirements
in Table 1 or Table 2, and the specified working temperature is reached, continue
to drive the vehicle at the normal speed for 4 hours;
g) Measure the internal temperature of the cargo compartment every 5 minutes, and
record the temperature changes.
5.4 The maximum gross mass and curb weight of the refrigerated and insulated trailer
shall comply with the regulations on the maximum allowable gross mass and the whole
refrigerated vehicle’s curb weight in Table 9 of GB/T 6420-2017. The load capacity
utilization coefficient of the heavy-duty, large-scale, medium-duty, light-duty and mini
refrigerated and insulated trucks shall respectively not be less than 0.8, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3,
and 0.3.
Note: The load capacity utilization coefficient is the ratio of the vehicle’s rated load capacity (including
the mass of cab occupants) to the vehicle’s curb weight.
6 Requirements for the compartment
6.1 Material requirements for the compartment
6.1.1 The space between the inner and outer panels of the compartment panels shall be
filled with thermal insulation materials with low water absorption, low air permeability,
low thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance and flame retardancy. The thermal
insulation materials should be environmentally friendly and recyclable. The flame
retardancy shall be in accordance with the requirements of GB 8624. The thermal
insulation material shall have good temperature stability, and its water absorption, air
permeability, and anti-corrosion properties shall not be reduced when used at an
ambient temperature of -50 °C~70 °C.
6.1.2 The plates used as the inner and outer panels of the compartment panels shall be
made of impermeable, easy-to-clean, rust-proof, and anti-corrosion materials.
6.1.3 The door of the compartment shall be made of impermeable, easy-to-clean, and
sturdy material.
6.1.4 Light-colored materials such as white, silver, and light cyan should be used for
the outer surface of the compartment.
6.2 Requirements for the leak-proofness of the compartment
6.2.1 The compartment shall have good waterproofness, and there shall be no leakage
at the top, side walls, compartment doors, and the connection between the refrigeration
unit and the compartment panel.
6.2.2 The compartment shall have drainage holes whose diameters shall be less than 35
mm. For refrigerated and insulated trucks engaged in international road transportation,
protective devices that meet the following requirements shall be installed at the ends of
the drainage holes:
--- When using a metal plate for protection, the thickness of the metal plate shall be
greater than or equal to 1 mm, and the aperture of the metal plate shall be less
than or equal to 3 mm;
--- When using a metal net, or a metal plate with the thickness less than 1 mm for
protection, the aperture of the metal net or the metal plate shall not be greater than
3 mm, and a metal grille with an aperture of no more than 10 mm shall be used
outside the metal mesh or the metal plate for protection.
6.2.3 The door seal (gasket) of the compartment door shall be well sealed; a special
device with an air pressure balance function should be installed and used, and the door
opening (operation) shall be convenient and reliable.
6.3 Requirements for air circulation in the compartment
6.3.1 The compartment shall have a good cold air circulation system. For refrigerated
and insulated trucks with an internal length of greater than 8000 mm, from the cold air
outlet of the refrigeration unit, cold air diversion devices should be installed on the top,
side walls, and floor of the compartment. The refrigerated and insulated trucks for
transporting biological products shall be equipped with diversion grooves in the
compartment and the depth of the diversion grooves shall be as follows: on the side
walls, rear wall and floor, they shall be greater than or equal to 50 mm; on the front
wall, they shall be greater than or equal to 100 mm. For other refrigerated and insulated
trucks, the internal floors, side walls, front and rear walls of the compartment should be
installed with diversion grooves.
6.3.2 The loading height limit line shall be marked inside the compartment, and the
height of the limit line shall not be higher than the lower edge of the air-conditioning
outlet of the refrigeration unit.
6.3.3 When the vehicle is fully loaded, the temperature difference between the
temperature measurement points in the compartment shall be within ±2 °C.
6.3.4 The maximum size of the vents of refrigerated and insulated vehicles shall be less
than 400 mm. For refrigerated and insulated vehicles engaged in international road
transportation, the protective devices that meet the following requirements shall be
installed at the ends of the vents:
--- When using a metal grid, the aperture of the grid shall be less than or equal to 20
mm;
and the minimum heat transfer capacity that matches the compartment volume of the
common types of refrigerated and insulated vehicles.
7.2 Driving temperature recorder
7.2.1 The refrigerated and insulated vehicle shall be installed with a driving temperature
recorder that meets the requirements of JT/T 1325. The driving temperature recorder
shall be fixed and reliable, and its display device shall be installed in a position where
the driver can easily see it.
7.2.2 At least 2 temperature sensors shall be installed on the vehicles with the length of
the compartment or cargo hold less than or equal to 6000 mm; one shall be installed
directly below the air return port of the refrigeration unit and 30 mm~100 mm above
the loading height limit line; the other shall be installed at the top of the rear wall of the
compartment, in the horizontal middle position, and its longitudinal distance from the
inside of the rear door shall be less than 800 mm.
7.2.3 At least 3 temperature sensors shall be installed on the vehicles with the length of
the compartment or cargo hold greater than 6000 mm and less than or equal to 9600
mm. The first one shall be installed directly below the air return port of the refrigeration
unit and 30 mm~100 mm above the loading height limit line; the second one shall be
installed at the top of the compartment, in the horizontal middle position and 1/2 of the
longitudinal distance of the compartment; the third one shall be installed at the top of
the rear wall of the compartment, in the horizontal middle position, and its longitudinal
distance from the inside of the rear door shall be less than 800 mm.
7.2.4 At least 4 temperature sensors shall be installed on the vehicles with a
compartment or cargo hold longer than 9600 mm. The first one shall be installed
directly below the air return port of the refrigeration unit and 30 mm~100 mm above
the loading height limit line; the second one shall be installed at the top of the
compartment, in the horizontal middle position, and its distance from the
compartment’s front part shall be 1/3 of the longitudinal length of the compartment; the
third shall be installed at the top of the compartment, in the horizontal middle position,
and its distance from the compartment’s front part shall be 2/3 of the longitudinal length
of the compartment; the fourth shall be installed at the top of the rear wall of the
compartment, in the horizontal middle position, and its longitudinal distance from the
inside of the rear door shall be less than 800 mm.
7.2.5 The installation of the temperature sensor of the refrigerated and insulated vehicle
using a cold air diversion device equipped on the top of the compartment shall meet the
following requirements:
--- The installation position and quantity on the front and rear walls of the
compartment shall comply with the provisions of 7.2.3 and 7.2.4;
--- The temperature sensors at other positions shall be installed in symmetrical
positions on the left and right sides of the compartment.
7.2.6 The driving temperature recorder and its sensors shall be subject to metrological
verification/calibration as required.
7.3 Requirements for heating devices
The refrigerated and insulated trucks used in cold areas also shall be equipped with the
heating function and able to meet the temperature requirements for transporting goods.
7.4 Requirements for non-mechanical refrigeration units
The non-mechanical refrigeration device shall be reliable, durable and able to reach the
corresponding temperature level of the refrigerated truck and achieve the effect of
refrigerated transportation. According to the actual structural needs, the load capacity
utilization coefficient shall be greater than or equal to 95% of similar vehicles.
7.5 Others
7.5.1 Meat-hanging slides and hooks shall be pre-installed on the top of the
compartment for chilled meat refrigerated and insulated trucks. For other special
refrigerated and insulated trucks, cargo bolting devices should be installed in the
compartment. Applicable standard brackets, hooks and other devices should be selected
according to the type of cargo.
7.5.2 The refrigerated and insulated vehicle should be equipped with devices that
facilitate the loading, unloading, and protection of goods, such as standardized unit load
devices, and lifting tail plates for vehicles.
7.5.3 The rear doors and side doors of refrigerated and insulated vehicles for
transporting biological products shall be equipped with air isolation devices, which
should be made of thick canvas materials; other refrigerated and insulated vehicles
should be installed with this device.
8 Requirements for vehicle lectotype and vehicle body marking
8.1 New energy vehicles also shall be considered for refrigerated and insulated vehicles
in urban logistics and distribution.
8.2 The selection of refrigerated and insulated trucks for perishable food shall be
reasonably determined by referring to the contents of Appendix B, by considering the
needs of the transported goods, and in accordance with Table 1. Refrigerated and
insulated trucks for transporting biological products shall be selected in accordance
with the provisions of the State Drug Administration and relevant standards.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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