GB/T 34590.11-2022 PDF in English
GB/T 34590.11-2022 (GB/T34590.11-2022, GBT 34590.11-2022, GBT34590.11-2022)
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Road vehicles -- Functional safety -- Part 11: Guidelines on applicationsto semiconductors
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 34590.11-2022
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GB/T 34590.11-2022: PDF in English (GBT 34590.11-2022) GB/T 34590.11-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040
CCS T 35
Road Vehicles - Functional Safety - Part 11: Guidelines on
applications to semiconductors
(ISO 26262-11:2018, Road vehicles - Functional safety - Part 11: Guidelines on
applications of ISO 26262 to semiconductors, MOD)
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 30, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 9
2 Normative references ... 10
3 Terms and definitions ... 10
4 A semiconductor component and its partitioning ... 10
4.1 How to consider semiconductor components ... 10
4.2 Dividing a semiconductor component in parts ... 11
4.3 About hardware faults, errors and failure modes ... 11
4.4 About adapting a semiconductor component safety analysis to system level ... 14
4.5 Intellectual Property (IP) ... 15
4.6 Base failure rate for semiconductors ... 27
4.7 Semiconductor dependent failure analysis ... 57
4.8 Fault injection ... 71
4.9 Production and Operation ... 75
4.10 Interfaces within distributed developments ... 76
4.11 Confirmation measures ... 77
4.12 Clarification on hardware integration and verification ... 77
5 Specific semiconductor technologies and use cases ... 79
5.1 Digital components and memories ... 79
5.2 Analogue/mixed signal components ... 103
5.3 Programmable logic devices ... 126
5.4 Multi-core components ... 144
5.5 Sensors and transducers ... 147
Annex A (informative) Example on how to use digital failure modes for diagnostic coverage
evaluation ... 163
Annex B (informative) Examples of dependent failure analysis ... 168
Annex C (informative) Examples of quantitative analysis for a digital component ... 184
Annex D (informative) Examples of quantitative analysis for analogue component ... 189
Annex E (informative) Examples of quantitative analysis for PLD component ... 206
Bibliography ... 213
Foreword
This document was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives
for Standardization - Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This document is Part 11 of GB/T 34590 Road Vehicles - Functional Safety. GB/T 34590 has
issued the following parts:
-- Part 1: Vocabulary;
-- Part 2: Management of Functional Safety;
-- Part 3: Concept Phase;
-- Part 4: Product Development at the System Level;
-- Part 5: Product Development at the Hardware Level;
-- Part 6: Product Development at the Software Level;
-- Part 7: Production, Operation, Service and Decommissioning;
-- Part 8: Supporting Processes;
-- Part 9: Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL)-oriented and Safety-oriented Analyses;
-- Part 10: Guideline;
-- Part 11: Guidelines on Applications to Semiconductors;
-- Part 12: Adaptation for Motorcycles.
The revision of this document adopts ISO 26262-11:2018 "Road vehicles - Functional safety -
Part 11: Guidelines on applications of ISO 26262 to semiconductors".
The technical differences between this document and ISO 26262-11:2018 and their reasons are
as follows:
- Replace ISO 26262-1 with the normative reference GB/T 34590.1-2022 to adapt to the
technical conditions of China.
The following editorial changes are made to this document:
- Delete the number of "4.1.1";
- Change the sub-clause numbers 4.3, 4.6.2.1.1, 4.6.2.1.2, 5.5.2, A.1.3 to make the structure
more complete.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. The issuing authority shall not be held responsible for identifying any
or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the
People's Republic of China.
This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 114 on Auto of
Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 114).
The drafting organizations of this document: China Automotive Technology and Research
Center Co., Ltd., Infineon Technologies (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing Horizon Robot Technology
Research and Development Co., Ltd., Valeo Automotive Internal Control (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.,
Amou Technology (China) Co., Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Company, Bosch Auto
Parts (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co., Ltd., Beijing National New
Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Center Co., Ltd., SAIC Volkswagen Co., Ltd., Great
Wall Motor Co., Ltd., Shanghai Shuimu Bluewhale Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd.
Company, BYD Auto Industry Co., Ltd., Schaeffler (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing Baowo
Automobile Co., Ltd., Shanghai Jinmai Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., China FAW Group
Co., Ltd., Beijing Baidu Zhixing Technology Co., Ltd., CRRC Times Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd.,
Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Hubei Yikatong Technology Co., Ltd.,
Youmuyu Information Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., SAIC Maxus Automobile Co., Ltd.,
AIWAYS Automobile (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing Jingwei Hengrun Technology Co., Ltd.,
Nanjing Xinchi Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd., Weilai Automobile (Anhui) Co., Ltd.,
Zhixing Automobile Technology (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Honeycomb Energy Technology Co., Ltd.,
Suzhou Inovance United Power System Co., Ltd., Pan Asia Automotive Technology Center Co.,
Ltd., BAIC Motor Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hella Electronics Co., Ltd., ZF Automotive Technology
(Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Vitesco Technology Investment (China) Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this document: Fu Yue, Zhang Xiang, Zhang Lihong, Rao Meng, Yang Hu,
Li Bo, Chen Rui, Liu Hui, Wang Junchao, Zhong Jianwei, Shen Ge, Sun Jingxin, Chen Lei,
Zou Guangcai, Qian Jie, Zhang Lemin, Long Wenyuan, Feng Guoyuan, Han Bing, Xue Jianbo ,
Zhao Tianli, Zhang Huiling, Liang Yu, Gold, Liu Kunpeng, Xu Peng, Zhao Jinfu, Wen Jiwei,
Li Yuheng, Ma Kai, Zhang Aiqin, Qin Zihao, Wei Bin, Cai Zhulin, Xia Xianzhao, Li Hongpeng,
Song Weijin, Wang Zhipeng, Liu Chang, Tong Fei, Guo Feifei, Yu Jianye, Li Xinran, Chen
Xiaohu.
Road vehicles - Functional safety - Part 11: Guidelines on
applications to semiconductors
1 Scope
This document is intended to be applied to safety-related systems that include one or more
electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and that are installed in series production road
vehicles, excluding mopeds.
This document does not address unique E/E systems in special vehicles such as E/E systems
designed for drivers with disabilities.
NOTE: Other dedicated application-specific safety standards exist and can complement this document
or vice versa.
Systems and their components released for production, or systems and their components already
under development prior to the publication date of this document, are exempted from the scope
of this edition. This document addresses alterations to existing systems and their components
released for production prior to the publication of this document by tailoring the safety lifecycle
depending on the alteration. This document addresses integration of existing systems not
developed according to this document and systems developed according to this document by
tailoring the safety lifecycle.
This document addresses possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behaviour of safety-
related E/E systems, including interaction of these systems. It does not address hazards related
to electric shock, fire, smoke, heat, radiation, toxicity, flammability, reactivity, corrosion,
release of energy and similar hazards, unless directly caused by malfunctioning behaviour of
safety-related E/E systems.
This document describes a framework for functional safety to assist the development of safety
related E/E systems. This framework is intended to be used to integrate functional safety
activities into a company-specific development framework. Some requirements have a clear
technical focus to implement functional safety into a product; others address the development
process and can therefore be seen as process requirements in order to demonstrate the capability
of an organization with respect to functional safety.
This document does not address the nominal performance of E/E systems.
This document has an informative character only. It contains possible interpretations of other
parts of GB/T 34590 with respect to semiconductor development. The content is not exhaustive
with regard to possible interpretations, i.e., other interpretations can also be possible in order to
fulfil the requirements defined in other parts of GB/T 34590.
34590.9-2022, whenever applicable, can be used for the design of the safety mechanisms during
the development of the IP.
EXAMPLE 1: Bus “fabric” with built-in bus supervisors including fault detection and notification logic
(e.g., interrupt signals).
EXAMPLE 2: Voltage regulator with monitoring (under-voltage and over-voltage detection), protection
(current limit or thermal protection) and self-diagnostics (monitoring and protection circuit built-in self-
tests).
Alternatively, the IP can be developed with no assumed safety requirements or specific safety
mechanisms to detect and control faults.
EXAMPLE 3: Bus "fabric" without built-in bus supervisors or error reporting logic.
EXAMPLE 4: Voltage regulator without monitoring, protection or built-in monitoring or protection
circuit diagnostics.
Safety analyses defined in GB/T 34590.9-2022 Clause 8 can be applied to the IP. A qualitative
safety analysis, and in some cases a quantitative analysis, can be provided to the IP integrator
to justify the capabilities of the safety mechanisms to control given failure modes or to provide
information on failure modes and related failure mode distribution. Similarly, a dependent
failure analysis can be provided to demonstrate required independence or freedom from
interference.
NOTE 3: The IP supplier includes example information concerning failure mode distribution in the
safety analysis results, based on specific implementation assumptions. Documentation related to safety
mechanisms can be provided with other safety-related documentation for the IP. This information can
also be combined into a single safety manual or safety application note as described in 5.1.11 (for digital
components), 5.2.6 (for analogue or mixed signal components), 5.3.6 (for PLD) and 5.5.6 (for
sensors/transducers).
NOTE 4: The base failure rate depends on the actual implementation, including the technology, of the
IP into the integrated circuit and the use condition of the integrated circuit, as described in 4.6. So, the
base failure rate can only be provided as a reference to the IP integrator who is responsible for
recalculating the failure rate according to the actual use case.
NOTE 5: This information can be included within existing documentation (e.g., integration guidelines,
technical reference documents, application notes).
The IP integrator can request additional information from the IP supplier in implementing safety
requirements. The IP supplier can support the request by providing information concerning
measures used to avoid systematic faults, as well as safety analysis results. Safety analysis
results can be used to support the evaluation of hardware metrics for the integrated IP, as well
as to demonstrate freedom from interference and independence.
Since the IP will be integrated into a safety-related design, consideration of coexistence is
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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