GB/T 31427-2015 PDF in English
GB/T 31427-2015 (GB/T31427-2015, GBT 31427-2015, GBT31427-2015)
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Specification for determinator of coal ash fusibility
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 31427-2015
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GB/T 31427-2015: PDF in English (GBT 31427-2015) GB/T 31427-2015
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.040
D 21
Specification for determinator of coal ash fusibility
ISSUED ON: MAY 15, 2015
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2015
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the PRC;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Technical requirements ... 4
4 Inspection methods ... 7
5 Inspection rules ... 8
6 Identification and packaging ... 10
7 Transport and storage ... 11
Specification for determinator of coal ash fusibility
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
marking and packaging, transport, and storage of determinators of coal ash fusibility
(hereinafter referred to as determinator).
This standard applies to determinators of coal ash fusibility.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB/T 191 Packaging—Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 219 Determination of fusibility of coal ash
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes -- Part 1: Sampling
schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 4793.1 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control,
and laboratory use—Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB/T 15479 Technical requirements and test methods of insulation resistance and
insulating strength for use in industrial process measurement and control instruments
GB/T 30726 Determination of ash fusibility of solid biofuels
3 Technical requirements
3.1 Type and structure of the determinator
The coal ash fusibility determinators include the testers that manually monitor and
determine the shape change of the sample, and the testers equipped with an observation
recorder that can automatically record the shape change of the sample. The performance
shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 219.
heated according to the procedures specified in GB/T 30726: when the temperature is
below 700 °C, the heating rate is 15 °C/min~20 °C/min; when the temperature is above
700 °C, the heating rate is 4 °C/min~6 °C/min.
3.4.4 The atmosphere in the furnace can be controlled as a weak reducing atmosphere
or an oxidizing atmosphere.
3.4.5 If adopting the carbon sealing method, the manufacturer should use the furnace
tube of the same variety and specification, and provide a reference method for carbon
sealing to control the weak reducing atmosphere in the furnace.
3.4.6 There shall be an observation port, through which the shape changes of the sample
during the test can be clearly observed.
3.4.7 Temperature of the shell: when the high-temperature furnace works, the shell’s
temperature shall be not more than 70 °C; there shall be a high-temperature warning
sign.
3.5 Temperature controller
3.5.1 The temperature measurement range shall be 0 °C~1500 °C, and the resolution
shall be 1 °C.
3.5.2 The temperature measurement error shall be not more than 5 °C.
3.5.3 The heating rate can be controlled according to 3.4.3.
3.6 Observation recorder
3.6.1 The temperature change during the test and the shape change of the sample at the
corresponding temperature can be recorded truthfully.
3.6.2 The test process with a real-time temperature display can be played back.
3.6.3 The test process can be monitored manually.
3.7 Appearance requirements
The metal coating and chemically treated surface shall be uniform in color; there shall
be no exposed bottom, peeling, blistering, spots, scratches, or scuffing; it shall have
good anticorrosion and anti-rust performance.
3.8 Insulation resistance and dielectric strength
The insulation resistance between the power terminal of the independent power supply
part and the casing of the determinator shall not be less than 20 MΩ. It shall be able to
withstand 1500 V, 50 Hz AC for 1 min, without arcing and breakdown.
4 Inspection methods
4.1 High-temperature furnace
4.1.1 Determination of the maximum heating temperature: the high-temperature
furnace shall be heated to the maximum temperature according to the heating program,
which shall meet the requirements of 3.4.1.
4.1.2 Determination of the constant temperature zone: control the furnace temperature
at 1000 °C, keep the temperature constant for 10 min, and use another set of standard
platinum-rhodium platinum thermocouple pyrometers to determine the location and
area of the constant temperature zone in the high-temperature furnace; the constant
temperature zone shall meet the requirements of 3.4.2.
4.1.3 Determination of the heating rate: turn on the power of the high-temperature
furnace, heat up to the maximum temperature according to the heating program, and
record the temperature every 5 minutes through the temperature indicating instrument.
Calculate the heating rate before and after 900 °C or 700 °C, and the average heating
rate within each 10 min shall meet the requirements of 3.4.3.
4.1.4 Inspection of the atmosphere: The atmosphere in the furnace shall be inspected
according to the provisions of GB/T 219, which shall meet the requirements of 3.4.4.
4.1.5 Inspection of the observation port: Observe the shape change of the sample from
the observation port by visual inspection, which shall meet the requirements of 3.4.6.
4.1.6 Determination of shell’s temperature: Raise the temperature in the furnace to
1500 °C, and measure the temperature in the middle of the shell of the high-temperature
furnace according to the provisions of GB 4793.1, which shall be meet the requirements
of 3.4.7.
4.2 Temperature controller
4.2.1 Determination of the temperature control range and the heating rate: Measure it
according to 4.1.1 and 4.1.3, and the results shall meet the requirements of 3.5.1 and
3.5.3.
4.2.2 Determination of the temperature measurement error: the high-temperature
furnace shall be heated according to the heating program; when the temperature is at
700 °C, 800 °C, 900 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C, 1200 °C, 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C,
use another set of standard platinum-rhodium platinum thermocouple pyrometers to
determine the temperature in the furnace chamber of the high-temperature furnace, and
the determined position shall be as close as possible to the thermocouple of the
instrument. The difference between the displayed temperature value of the temperature
controller and the measured temperature value shall meet the requirements of 3.5.2.
the manufacturer according to the factory inspection items specified in Table 1. Only
after being examined as qualified and getting a certificate can the determinator leave
the factory.
5.3 Type inspection
5.3.1 Type inspection rules
Type inspection shall be carried out when one of the following situations happens:
a) Appraisement is carried out for the new product being put into production or the
old product being transferred to another factory;
b) After the official production, there are major changes in the structure, material,
and process, which may affect the performance of the product;
c) The production is resumed again after it has been stopped for more than 2 years;
d) Type inspection is carried out once every 2 years during the mass production;
e) There is a big difference between the factory inspection results and the last type
inspection;
f) The national quality supervision agency puts forward the requirements for type
inspection.
5.3.2 Sampling rules
According to GB/T 2828.1, sample from the finished products that have passed the
factory inspection:
a) When the number of a batch does not exceed 25, take 2 samples;
b) When the number of a batch is 26~90, take 3 samples.
5.3.3 Judgment rules
According to the results of the sample inspection (the first sampling), if all the
inspection items are qualified, the batch of products can be judged as qualified products.
When the number of a batch is not more than 25, if the number of unqualified products
from the first sampling is greater than 0 and less than 2, 2 sets shall be randomly selected
as the samples of the second sampling according to 5.3.2 for re-examination. If the total
number of unqualified products from twice samplings is less than 2, the batch can be
judged as qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified. When the number of a batch is 26~90,
if the number of unqualified products from the first sampling is greater than 0 and less
than 3, then select 3 more sets as the samples of the second sampling according to 5.3.2,
and repeat the inspection. If the total number of unqualified products from twice
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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