GB/T 19410-2008 PDF English
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Screw refrigerant compressors
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GB/T 19410-2008: Screw refrigerant compressors---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT19410-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 23.140
J 72
Replacing GB/T 19410-2003
Screw refrigerant compressors
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 12, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 1, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Classification and basic parameters ... 7
5 Technical requirements ... 8
6 Test methods ... 13
7 Inspection rules ... 15
8 Labeling, packaging, transportation and storage ... 17
Appendix A (Normative) Air tightness test ... 20
Appendix B (Normative) Pneumatic test ... 22
Appendix C (Normative) Hydraulic test ... 23
Appendix D (Normative) Burst test ... 24
Appendix E (Normative) Vibration value measurement method ... 26
Screw refrigerant compressors
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification and basic parameters,
technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and markings, packaging and
storage of screw refrigerant compressors and screw refrigerant compressor units.
This standard applies to screw refrigerant compressors (hereinafter referred to as
compressors) and screw refrigerant compressor units (hereinafter referred to as units)
using R717, R22, R134a, R404A, R407C, R410A and R507A as refrigerants.
For compressors and compressor units using other refrigerants (such as R290 and
R1270), this standard can be used for reference.
This standard does not apply to compound screw refrigerant compressors and
compound screw refrigerant compressor units.
2 Normative references
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard through
reference in this standard. For all the referenced documents with dates, all the
subsequent amendments (excluding errata) or revisions are not applicable to this
standard. However, the parties who reach an agreement based on this standard are
encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For all
the referenced documents without dates, the latest versions are applicable to this
standard.
GB 150 Steel pressure vessels
GB 151 Tubular heat exchangers
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods (GB/T 191-2000,
eqv ISO 780:1997)
GB 536 Liquefied anhydrous ammonia
GB 755 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance (GB 755-2000, idt
IEC 60034-1:1996)
GB/T 1032 Test methods for three-phase asynchronous motors
5.2.1.1 The compressor and the unit shall be tested in accordance with the method in
6.7 to determine the refrigerating capacity, refrigerating performance coefficient and
shaft power or input power under nominal conditions.
5.2.1.2 When the compressor and the unit are tested under the nominal conditions
specified in Table 1, the maximum deviation of their performance values shall comply
with the following provisions:
a) The refrigerating capacity shall not be less than 95% of the indicated value;
b) The coefficient of refrigerating performance shall not be less than 95% of the
indicated value.
5.2.2 Partial load operation test requirements
Compressors and units with energy regulating devices shall be subject to partial load
operation test in accordance with 6.7.2. Partial load is generally divided into three levels:
25%, 50% and 75% (if it is not possible to classify according to this level, it can be
classified according to the characteristics of the compressor and unit energy regulating
device itself), and its refrigerating capacity, and shaft power or input power shall be
measured according to the nominal conditions specified in Table 1.
5.2.3 Full performance requirements
The compressor and the unit shall be fully tested according to the method in 6.7.3, and
a full performance curve or full performance table in accordance with the provisions of
Table 1 and Table 2 shall be provided. The full performance curve or full performance
table shall include the values of refrigerating capacity, refrigerating performance
coefficient, and shaft power or input power at no less than 5 different condensing
temperatures and no less than 7 evaporating temperatures at each condensing
temperature.
5.3 Refrigerant
Refrigerants for compressors and units: R22 shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
7373; R717 shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 536; other refrigerants shall
comply with the provisions of relevant standards.
5.4 Lubricating oil and lubrication system
5.4.1 Lubricating oil for compressors and units shall comply with the requirements of
GB/T 16630 or relevant standards.
5.4.2 The lubrication system shall be able to ensure that the compressor and the unit
can operate normally and reliably.
5.5 Electric motor
5.5.1 The electric motors for open-type compressors shall comply with the requirements
of GB 755.
5.5.2 Electric motors for semi-hermetic compressors and hermetic compressors shall
comply with the requirements of relevant standards.
5.6 Valves
5.6.1 The safety valve of the compressor or unit shall be sensitive, leak-proof, safe and
reliable, and comply with the requirements of GB/T 12241 or relevant standards.
5.6.2 The refrigeration stop valve installed on the compressor or unit shall comply with
the requirements of JB/T 7245 or relevant standards.
5.7 Pressure vessels
The pressure vessels used in conjunction with the unit shall comply with the
requirements of pressure vessel standards such as JB/T 4750 or GB 150, and GB 151.
5.8 Sealing requirements
5.8.1 Compressors and units shall be sealed. The oil seepage at the shaft seal of the
open-type compressor and the unit shall not exceed 3 mL/h when in operation.
5.8.2 To ensure the tightness of the compressor and the unit, the compressor and the
unit shall be subjected to an air tightness test. The airtightness requirements shall be
determined according to the filled leak detection medium. Their requirements are as
follows:
a) When the leak detection medium is dry, clean air, nitrogen or other inert gas,
the compressor, unit or compressor housing and other pressure-bearing parts
shall be subjected to an air tightness test at a test pressure not lower than the
design pressure of the compressor, and there shall be no leakage in all parts
during the test;
b) When the leak detection medium is a mixed gas of dry, clean air (or inert gas
such as nitrogen) containing refrigerant such as R22 (partial pressure not less
than 10%), the pressure-bearing parts such as the compressor, unit or
compressor housing shall be subjected to an airtightness test at a test pressure
not less than the design pressure of the compressor. During the test, when each
part is detected with a refrigerant leak detector with a sensitivity of 1×10-5
(MPa • cm3)/s, the single-point leakage rate shall not be greater than 14 g/a;
c) When the leak detection medium is helium, the pressure-bearing parts such as
other pressure-bearing parts to a hydraulic test of 1.25 times the design
pressure or a pneumatic test of 1.15 times the design pressure.
5.10 Operation requirements
The compressor or unit shall be tested for operation. Its operation shall be stable,
without abnormal noise and severe vibration; the regulating device shall be flexible and
correct; the pressure, input power and temperature shall not fluctuate abnormally, and
the friction parts shall not have an abnormal temperature rise, etc. The unit assembled
from the compressor that has passed the operation test does not need to be tested for
operation.
5.11 Volume flow
The volume flow of the compressor or unit shall not be less than 95% of the value
indicated by the manufacturer.
5.12 Noise limit
The noise value of the compressor or unit under nominal conditions shall not be greater
than the value indicated by the manufacturer.
5.13 Vibration limit
The vibration value of the compressor or unit shall not be greater than the vibration
limit specified by the manufacturer.
5.14 Safety performance
5.14.1 The safety requirements for refrigerants shall comply with the provisions of
GB/T 7778.
5.14.2 The safety requirements for compressors or units shall comply with the
provisions of GB 9237 and related standards.
5.14.3 Electrical safety performance
5.14.3.1 Winding temperature limits
When the compressor or unit is operating under the nominal refrigerating conditions
specified in Table 1, the motor winding temperature shall not be higher than that
specified in Table 3.
affects its performance, the first product shall be subjected to type inspection.
7.5.2 For compressors or units with a nominal refrigerating capacity of more than 800
kW at high temperature (low condensing pressure) or a rated voltage of 3000 V and
above, the type inspection may be carried out at the site of use.
8 Labeling, packaging, transportation and storage
8.1 Labeling
8.1.1 Each compressor or unit shall have a durable nameplate fixed in a conspicuous
position. The size and technical requirements of the nameplate shall comply with the
provisions of GB/T 13306. The following information shall be marked on the nameplate:
8.1.1.1 Compressor
a) Manufacturer's name and trademark;
b) Product name and model;
c) Main technical parameters (refrigerant, theoretical volume flow, maximum
working pressure, speed, mass of the compressor);
d) Product factory serial number;
e) Date of manufacture of the product.
8.1.1.2 Compressor unit
a) Manufacturer's name and trademark;
b) Product name and model;
c) Main technical parameters (refrigerant, nominal conditions, nominal
refrigerating capacity, motor rated power, mass of the unit);
d) Product factory serial number;
e) Date of manufacture of the product.
8.1.2 The compressor or unit shall have signs indicating the operating status (such as
the rotation direction of the compressor and oil pump, the flow direction of cooling
water, indicating instruments and various control buttons) and safety signs (such as
grounding devices and warning signs) on relevant parts.
8.2 Packaging
8.2.1 The compressor or unit shall be cleaned, dried, and rust-proofed before packaging,
and then filled with 0.03 MPa~0.05 MPa (gauge pressure) of dry nitrogen or
corresponding refrigerant gas (except dangerous ones).
8.2.2 The packaging of compressors or units shall comply with the requirements of
GB/T 13384; in addition, the outer surface of the compressors or units shall be covered
with plastic film or moisture-proof paper, and spare wearing parts and tools shall be
coated with anti-rust oil, packaged and fixed in boxes to ensure that they will not be
damaged or affected by moisture during normal storage and transportation.
8.2.3 The following information shall be clearly marked on the packaging box:
a) Name of the shipping station and manufacturer;
b) Name of the destination station and consignee;
c) Product name and model;
d) Net mass and gross mass;
e) Overall dimensions;
f) "Handle with care", "Center of gravity", "Upward", "Lifting position" and
"Afraid of moisture" and other related packaging, storage and transportation
marks. The packaging marks shall comply with the relevant provisions of
GB/T 6388 and GB/T 191.
8.2.4 The following documents and accessories shall be included in the packaging box:
8.2.4.1 Product certificate, which includes:
a) Product name and model;
b) Product factory serial number;
c) Inspection conclusions;
d) Signature of the inspector and person in charge of inspection and the date;
e) Name of manufacturer.
8.2.4.2 Product manual, which includes:
a) Product name and model, working principle, the scope of application,
implementation standards, main technical parameters (nominal refrigerating
capacity, motor rated power, nominal performance coefficient, rated operating
current, nominal noise value, nominal vibration value) and performance
Appendix A
(Normative)
Air tightness test
A.1 The air tightness test shall be carried out only after the compressor housing and
other pressure-bearing parts have passed the strength test.
A.2 It is strictly forbidden to use oxygen and other dangerous gases as test gases.
A.3 The test pressure shall not be lower than the design pressure of the compressor.
A.4 The method of air tightness test shall be determined according to the filled leak
detection medium. The methods are as follows:
a) When the leak detection medium is dry, clean air, nitrogen or other inert gas,
the air tightness test method is as follows:
Slowly pressurize the tested compressor, unit or compressor housing and other
pressure-bearing parts. When the gas pressure rises to the test pressure, put the
compressor, unit or compressor housing into a water pool of not less than 5 °C
(the water shall be clean and transparent) or apply foaming liquid on the
outside, maintain the pressure for not less than 2 minutes, and check that there
shall be no leakage;
b) When the leak detection medium is a mixture of dry, clean air (or inert gas
such as nitrogen) containing refrigerant such as R22 (partial pressure not less
than 10%), the test environment temperature shall be within the range of
25 ℃±10 ℃, and the air tightness test method is as follows:
Slowly pressurize the tested compressor, unit or compressor housing and other
pressure-bearing parts. When the gas pressure rises to the test pressure, use a
refrigerant leak detector with a sensitivity of 1×10-5(MPa • cm3)/s to detect
each test part. The single-point leakage rate shall not be greater than 14 g/a.
c) When the leak detection medium is helium, the method of air tightness test is
as follows:
Slowly fill the tested compressor, unit or compressor housing and other
pressure-bearing parts with helium. When the helium pressure rises to the test
pressure, close the valve to stop the inflation, and then use the probe of a
vacuum helium leak detector with the sensitivity adjusted to 2.0×10-6Pa • m3/s
to detect the various connection parts of the tested compressor, unit or
compressor housing and other pressure-bearing parts. During the detection, the
Appendix B
(Normative)
Pneumatic test
B.1 Pneumatic test shall have safety measures.
B.2 The test pressure of the pneumatic test shall be in accordance with the provisions
of 5.9.2.
B.3 When the compressor housing is subjected to a strength test, the test pressure on
the high-pressure side shall be the design pressure on the high-pressure side, and the
test pressure on the low-pressure side shall be the design pressure on the low-pressure
side. If the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side cannot be separated during the
test, the test pressure shall be the design pressure on the high-pressure side.
B.4 The medium for the pneumatic test shall be dry, clean air, nitrogen or other inert
gases or mixed gases containing refrigerants such as R22 (partial pressure not less than
10%). It is strictly prohibited to use oxygen and other dangerous gases.
B.5 During the pneumatic test, the pressure shall be increased slowly. When the gas
pressure rises to 10% of the test pressure, the pressure shall be maintained for no less
than 2 minutes, and then the initial inspection shall be carried out. The compressor
housing shall not be leaking. If there is a leakage, it shall be repaired and retested. After
the initial inspection is qualified, the pressure shall continue to be slowly increased to
50% of the specified test pressure, and then increased to the specified test pressure in
steps of 10% of the specified test pressure. The pressure shall be maintained for no less
than 1 minute. The compressor housing shall not be abnormally deformed, and then the
pressure shall be reduced to the design pressure and maintained for no less than 1
minute. Then the compressor housing shall be inspected for leakage. If there is leakage,
it shall be repaired and retested according to the above provisions.
B.6 The inspection method for the pneumatic test shall be in accordance with the
provisions of Appendix A.
B.7 Pressure gauge accuracy
The pressure test shall be conducted with two calibrated pressure gauges of the same
range. The range of the pressure gauge shall be 1.5~2 times the test pressure, the dial
diameter shall be no less than 75 mm, and the accuracy shall be no less than Class 1.6.
Appendix D
(Normative)
Burst test
D.1 The medium for the burst test is a clean inert liquid (usually water) with a
temperature not lower than 5 °C.
D.2 The burst test pressure shall be in accordance with the following provisions:
a) Compressors without safety valves: not less than 5 times the design pressure;
b) Compressors with safety valves: not less than 3 times the relief pressure of the
safety valve. The relief pressure of the safety valve shall not be greater than
1.1 times the design pressure.
D.3 When the compressor housing is subjected to a burst test, the test pressure on the
high-pressure side shall be the design pressure of the high-pressure side, and the test
pressure on the low-pressure side shall be the design pressure of the low-pressure side.
If the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side cannot be separated during the test,
the test pressure shall be the design pressure of the high-pressure side.
D.4 The method for the compressor housing burst test is as follows:
a) After the compressor housing is assembled, the flange surface and openings
shall be sealed.
b) Lift the compressor housing with its exhaust port facing upward and keep it
vertical.
c) Connect the water inlet pipe to the bottom sealing plate of the housing, and
open the upper stop valve to exhaust air. Open the water inlet valve until water
overflows from the exhaust hole. Shake the compressor housing to exhaust the
air in the inner cavity, and then close the stop valve.
d) Turn on the water pump and slowly increase the test pressure. When the
pressure reaches 1 MPa, stop pressurizing and check whether there is leakage.
If there is leakage, take measures to eliminate it.
e) When the compressor housing has no leakage, place it in a water pool and
gradually and slowly pressurize it to three stages: 1/3, 2/3, and 1 time the test
pressure. The pressure shall be maintained for more than 1 minute in each
stage. The compressor housing shall not have leakage or abnormal
deformation. If necessary, continue to slowly pressurize until the housing
Appendix E
(Normative)
Vibration value measurement method
E.1 Measuring instruments
E.1.1 Requirements that the instrument shall meet: The frequency range shall be 10
Hz~500 Hz. The relative sensitivity within this frequency range is based on the relative
sensitivity of 80 Hz, and the relative sensitivity of other frequencies shall be within the
range of +10%~-20% of the reference sensitivity. The measurement error shall be less
than ±10%.
E.1.2 Instrument calibration: Measuring instruments shall be calibrated regularly
according to relevant standards.
E.2 Measurement method
E.2.1 The compressor or unit shall be installed on a platform. The installation platform
and foundation shall not generate additional vibration or resonate with the compressor
or unit. The vibration value of the installation platform when the compressor or unit is
running shall be less than 10% of the maximum vibration value of the compressor or
unit being tested.
E.2.2 Operating status of the compressor or unit during measurement: The compressor
or unit shall be measured under nominal conditions, and the speed and voltage of the
motor shall remain at the rated values.
E.2.3 Configuration of measuring points: Vibration measurements must be carried out
at all installation locations and as close to the installation point as possible. In addition,
measurements shall also be carried out at the compressor housing or at the suction and
exhaust pipe joints on the housing.
E.2.4 Measurement direction: At the suction and exhaust pipe joints, vibration
measurements must be carried out in three orthogonal directions; at the installation
locations, measurements must be carried out in three directions (see Figure E.1).
At the suction and exhaust pipe joints, one direction must be parallel to the pipe
direction at the joint. One of the other two directions shall describe the tangential
movement of the compressor housing at the joint. The third direction is defined based
on the orthogonality requirement.
E.2.5 Measurement requirements: During measurement, the sensor of the measuring
instrument shall be in good contact with the measuring point and a reliable connection
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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