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GB/T 38367-2019: Safety of machinery - Risk assessment for ignition hazard
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Safety of machinery - Risk assessment for ignition hazard
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GB/T 38367-2019
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Basic data | Standard ID | GB/T 38367-2019 (GB/T38367-2019) | | Description (Translated English) | Safety of machinery - Risk assessment for ignition hazard | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | J09 | | Classification of International Standard | 13.110 | | Word Count Estimation | 17,174 | | Date of Issue | 2019-12-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2020-07-01 | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration | GB/T 38367-2019: Safety of machinery - Risk assessment for ignition hazard---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Safety of machinery -- Risk assessment for ignition hazard
ICS 13.110
J09
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Risk assessment of machinery safety ignition hazards
Published on.2019-12-31
2020-07-01 Implementation
State Administration for Market Regulation
Released by the National Standardization Administration
directory
Preface III
Introduction IV
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and Definitions 1
4 Technical requirements 3
4.1 General requirements 3
4.2 Protection level 4
4.3 Scope of Risk Assessment 4
4.4 Risk assessment information4
5 Risk Assessment Procedure for Ignition Hazards5
5.1 Overview 5
5.2 Description of performance, life and configuration5
5.3 Identification of ignition hazards5
5.4 Ignition Hazard Risk Estimation7
5.5 Risk assessment for ignition hazards7
5.6 Classification and classification 8
6 Documentation 8
Appendix A (Informative) Risk Reduction of Ignition Hazards9
Appendix B (Informative Appendix) Example 10 of Ignition Hazard Risk Assessment Form
Reference 13
Risk assessment of machinery safety ignition hazards
1 Scope
This standard specifies terms and definitions, technical requirements, risk of ignition hazard for carrying out risk assessment of the ignition hazard of a machine or component
Assessment procedures, documentation requirements.
This standard applies to the classification of the protection level of machines or components, and also applies to the design, manufacture, use, maintenance, testing, inspection and maintenance of machines or components.
Inspection and machinery safety certification.
This standard does not apply to machines or components that have an internal explosive atmosphere in normal operation and have no interface with the external explosive atmosphere.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article
pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 15706-2012 General Principles of Mechanical Safety Design Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction
GB 25285.1-2010 Explosion Prevention and Protection for Explosive Atmospheres Part 1.Basic Principles and Methods
GB 25285.2-2010 Explosion Prevention and Protection in Explosive Atmospheres Part 2.Basic Principles of Mine Explosion Prevention and Protection
and method
GB 25286.1-2010 Non-Electrical Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres Part 1.Basic Methods and Requirements
ISO /IEC 80079-20-1 Explosive atmospheres Part 20-1.Test methods and data for material properties for classification of gases and vapours
(Explosiveatmospheres-Part 20-1.Materialcharacteristicsforgasandvapourclassification-Test
methods and data)
ISO /IEC 80079-20-2 Explosive Atmospheres Part 20-2.Material Properties Test Method for Combustible Dust (Explosiveat-
mospheres-Part 20-2.Materialcharacteristics-Combustibleduststestmethods)
3 Terms and Definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 15706-2012 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
ignition hazard ignitionhazard
A potential ignition source that could ignite an explosive atmosphere is present.
3.2
ignition risk ignitionrisk
The probability of the presence of ignition sources that can ignite an explosive atmosphere.
3.3
possibleignitionsource possibleignitionsource
Types of ignition sources considered to identify ignition hazards.
Example. Possible ignition sources include 13 categories of ignition sources mentioned in 5.3 of GB 25285.1-2010.hot surfaces, flames and hot gases (including hot particles), mechanical
Generated sparks, electrical equipment, stray current and cathode corrosion protection, static electricity, lightning, 1×104 Hz~3×1012 Hz radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves, 3×1011 Hz~
3×1015 Hz electromagnetic waves, ionizing radiation, ultrasonic waves, adiabatic compression and shock waves, exothermic reactions (including spontaneous combustion of dust).
3.4
ignitionsourcerelatedtomachineryorparts
Regardless of ignition capability, possible ignition sources generated by machines or components.
4.2 Protection levels
The level of protection of a machine or component should be divided according to the intended use environment and the presence or absence of an effective ignition source.
a) Class I, machinery or components installed in the explosive atmosphere of coal mine gas, divided into two protection levels.
1) EPLMa. has a "very high" level of protection and sufficient safety, under normal operation, expected failure or rare failure, even
It is impossible to be an effective ignition source even if the gas suddenly appears and the equipment is still live;
2) EPLMb. with a "high" level of protection and sufficient safety, in normal operation or in the presence of gas suddenly and in equipment
It is impossible to become an effective ignition source during the time when the standby power is cut off.
b) Class II, machinery or components for explosive gas, steam and mist environments other than coal mine gas, divided into three protection levels.
1) EPLGa. has a "very high" level of protection and is unlikely to be effective during normal operation, expected failures or rare failures
ignition source;
2) EPLGb. has a "high" protection level and is unlikely to be an effective ignition source during normal operation or expected failure;
3) EPLGc. It has a "general" protection level and is unlikely to be an effective ignition source during normal operation.
c) Class III, machinery or components for explosive dust atmospheres other than coal mine gas, divided into three protection levels.
1) EPLDa. has a "very high" level of protection and is unlikely to be effective during normal operation, expected failures or rare failures
ignition source;
2) EPLDb. It has a "high" protection level and is unlikely to be an effective ignition source during normal operation or expected failure;
3) EPLDc. It has a "general" protection level and is unlikely to be an effective ignition source during normal operation.
4.3 Scope of Risk Assessment
Before the risk assessment of the ignition hazard for the machine or component, the machine or component should be determined according to 5.3 in GB/T 15706-2012
The limits or boundaries that determine the scope of the assessment.
The limits or boundaries of the machine or component shall be determined by the extent of the explosive atmosphere or source of ignition under consideration. Risk Assessment of Ignition Hazards
The scope should be limited to the machine or component, and should not involve the operator's responsibility.
Risk assessment of ignition hazard shall consider all the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse of the machine or component throughout its life cycle.
operate.
The risk assessment for ignition hazard should also include the possibility of shock to the outside caused by an explosion inside the machinery and/or components.
Note. Reasonably foreseeable misuse refers to the misuse of a machine or component caused by the operator's carelessness or ignorance of how to use it. Misuse is not normal operation
In part, intentional misuse is not reasonably foreseeable misuse.
4.4 Risk Assessment Information
A risk assessment for the ignition hazard of a machine or component should include the following information.
a) a description of the machine or component, including performance, life and configuration;
b) the intended use information, such as the information described by the manufacturer on the nameplate and the instruction manual, the atmospheric environment (temperature, humidity, etc.) at the site of use
(degree, air pressure, etc.), machine or component category (I, II, III), protection level and maximum surface temperature or temperature group, etc.;
c) initial evaluation information, information formed by the designer or manufacturer to carry out pre-evaluation before the formal evaluation;
d) Materials used and handled and their safety characteristics, including but not limited to the safety requirements given in 4.2~4.4 of GB 25285.1-2010
data;
e) Design drawings and descriptions;
f) Design indicators, such as load, strength, safety factor, duty cycle, etc.;
g) Design calculation results;
h) inspection/test results;
i) Installation, use and maintenance requirements;
When required, the following information should also be provided.
j) test reports that can be used to assess the probability and/or effectiveness of ignition sources;
k) available accident history;
l) other information available on safety.
The above information should be updated with changes in the design of the machine or component or in the design process. If the evaluated machine or component is not available
For the accident history, reference should be made to the available information for similar machines or components. In the absence of incident instances, few incidents or severities should not be directly assigned
A very low accident is considered a low risk ignition hazard.
For quantitative evaluation, data provided from databases, manuals, laboratories and manufacturers' specifications should be used and their suitability trusted.
Any data-related uncertainties should be documented in the documents specified in Chapter 6.
NOTE. Data is used to define foreseeable operational requirements, related to reliability, serviceability, durability, versatility, benign failure and failsafe characteristics and labels, warning
related to reporting, marking, traceability requirements and instructions. Consistent data based on expert opinion indirectly derived from experience, relative to test data, can be used to determine
Sexual assessment.
5 Risk Assessment Procedure for Ignition Hazards
5.1 Overview
Risk assessment of machine or component ignition hazard, as part of machine or component risk assessment, shall comply with GB/T 15706-2012
Procedures set out in Chapter 4.
Evaluators should follow the process shown in Figure 1 to carry out the evaluation. To ensure the expected level of protection, maintenance and installation requirements are assessed
should also be taken into account.
5.2 Description of performance, life and configuration
Risk assessment of ignition hazards should be carried out with an understanding of the function of the machine or component and the type of substances it handles, uses or releases.
do. In order to achieve the above purpose, the function and state of the machine or component should be analyzed for the intended use.
Intended use should consider at least the following.
a) the life cycle of the machine or component;
b) Machine limitations, including usage limitations, time limitations and space limitations, etc., see 5.3 in GB/T 15706-2012;
c) precise definition of the function of the machine or component;
d) the chosen material of manufacture;
e) performance, life and configuration;
f) a description of the substances to be treated and the process conditions.
Material properties (eg conductivity, non-sparking, etc.) should be preset according to the intended use conditions. Should not be altered due to structural or assembly needs
material, and should not consider the relevant protection type in GB 25286.1-2010 (such as liquid immersion type "k" or control ignition source "b", etc.).
5.3 Identification of ignition hazards
5.3.1 Identifying factors for ignition hazard
When evaluating machines or components, the possibility and quantity of the presence of an explosive atmosphere should be analyzed. Figure 2 gives the decision point for
Factors that determine whether a fire hazard exists, including.
a) It should be determined whether the machine or component is used in an explosive atmosphere. If a machine or component contains an explosive atmosphere, due to its
The explosive atmosphere that may be formed in manufacturing, operation, etc. surrounds the machine or part in whole or in part, then the machine or part is actually in the
in an explosive atmosphere.
b) Whether an explosive atmosphere occurs inside the machine or component should be analyzed, and it should be determined whether it is formed in the operation of the machine itself or in the
If the possibility of explosive atmosphere formation cannot be estimated, the explosive atmosphere should always be assumed to exist unless reliable monitoring equipment is available
The concentration of flammable substances in the environment was monitored and alerted in real time, and relevant safety measures were taken.
The formation of an explosive atmosphere depends on the following factors.
a) the presence of flammable substances;
b) The degree of dispersion of flammable substances (such as gases, vapors, mists, powders, etc.);
c) whether the concentration of the flammable substance-air mixture is within the explosion limit;
d) Quantity of explosive mixture sufficient to cause injury or loss if ignited.
For the external environment, the influence of the machine or component on the state properties of flammable substances (such as dust layer) should also be considered.
5.3.4 Ignition sources
A complete list of machines or components and their associated ignition hazards should be included. Therefore, it should be in accordance with 5.3 and 5.3 of GB 25285.1-2010.
Check the list of ignition hazards with different ignition mechanisms given in 5.3 of GB 25285.2-2010.
The type of ignition source that may exist should be determined first, and all ignition sources that may be exposed to explosive atmospheres should be considered. Then, the potential should be analyzed
A chain of causality formed at the ignition source. When checking for potential ignition sources through functional and condition analysis, the following parameters should be considered.
a) Energy, such as temperature, pressure, friction, electromagnetic field, electrostatic discharge, etc.;
b) structural changes;
c) changes in operating conditions or duty cycles (starts, stops, changes in load, etc.);
d) Environmental influences, such as temperature, pressure, humidity, etc.;
e) material properties and their correlation, such as metals, synthetic materials, electrostatically charged liquids, etc.;
f) interrelationship with other machines or components;
g) interrelationships with persons (including reasonably foreseeable misuse);
h) If necessary, a combination of various faults.
Ignition hazard identification shall include intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
Note. In order to identify all possible ignition hazards, it should not be influenced by any assessment and the identification should be carried out systematically to avoid thinking constraints. for analysis
possible ignition hazard, try to collect and use all available information (for example, from testing institutes, universities, users, other manufacturers, etc.) and check
Consult all available similar cases.
5.4 Risk estimation of ignition hazard
To carry out the risk assessment of ignition hazard, the possibility of the occurrence of ignition hazard should be determined.
Determination of the likelihood of an ignition hazard occurring should take into account the following.
a) normal operation and reasonably foreseeable misuse;
b) Anticipated failures (such as frequent disturbances or equipment failures under normal conditions);
c) Rare failures.
Caused by more than two independent faults or two rare faults, or a combination of independent rare faults and expected faults occurring simultaneously
Ignition hazard need not be considered.
When determining the effectiveness of ignition sources, the explosive properties of combustible gases, vapors, mists or mixtures of dust and air should be analyzed and used
Limits for explosive atmospheres are described in the instructions.
The generation of each ignition source under different working conditions should be comprehensively considered according to 5.3.If a point is identified inside the machine or component
source of ignition, the assessor should estimate the likelihood of an ignition hazard occurring outside the machine or component.
5.5 Risk assessment for ignition hazards
The ignition hazard risk assessment shall compare the results of the ignition hazard risk estimate with 4.2 to determine the expected performance of the machine or component.
Protection level, to determine whether the safety level of the intended use can be achieved.
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