Search result: GB 8897.5-2013 (GB 8897.5-2006 Older version)
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Primary batteries -- Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte
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GB 8897.5-2013
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Primary batteries -- Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte
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| Standard ID | GB 8897.5-2013 (GB8897.5-2013) | | Description (Translated English) | Primary batteries. Part 5: Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | K82 | | Classification of International Standard | 29.220.10 | | Word Count Estimation | 36,368 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 8897.5-2006 | | Quoted Standard | IEC 60086-1-2011; IEC 60086-2-2011; IEC 60086-2-6; IEC 60086-2-27; IEC 60086-2-31 | | Adopted Standard | IEC 60086-5-2011; IDT | | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | | Summary | This standard specifies: aqueous electrolyte primary batteries Safety requirements and test methods. This standard applies: in order to ensure the normal use of the battery and can be foreseen in the case of misuse of safe use. |
GB 8897.5-2013
Primary batteries.Part 5. Safety of batteries with aqueous electrolyte
ICS 29.220.10
K82
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB 8897.5-2006
Primary batteries Part 5.
Safety requirements for batteries with aqueous electrolyte
(IEC 60086-5.2011, IDT)
Published 2013-10-10
2015-01-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China issued
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
IEC Introduction Ⅳ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
Terms and definitions 1 3
4 3 Safety Requirements
4.1 Design 3
4.2 Quality Planning 3
5 sampling 3
5.1 General 3
5.2 Identification of the type of sampling 3
6 Testing and requirements 4
6.1 General 4
6.2 specify 6
6.3 can be expected to misuse 8
7 Safety Information 11
7.1 Battery Safety Precautions 11
7.2 Packaging 12
Detachably mounted battery box 12 7.3
Display and storage 12 7.4
7.5 Transport 12
7.6 processing 12
8 Instructions 13
9 mark 13
9.1 General rules 13
9.2 mark a small battery of 13
Additional information 15 Annex A (informative) About 7.4
Annex B (informative) battery compartment Design Guide 16
Annex C (informative) safety warning graphic signs 25
Reference 27
Type 1 Identification number of required test sampling and sample 4
Step 2 temperature cycling 8
Improper installation (four batteries in series) 3 a circuit diagram of FIG. 9
4 10 external short circuit diagram of FIG.
10 a circuit diagram of FIG. 5 overdischarge
FIG 6 XYZ axial free fall of 10
FIG 7 the suction gauge (inner dimension) 12
Table 1 Test items 4
Table 2 specifies the use of test items and requirements 6
Table 3 impulse 7
Table 4 Test Step 7
Table 5 Test Step 7
Table 6 Test in claim 8 and foreseeable misuse
Table 7 Flag in claim 14
Foreword
All technical contents of this section is mandatory.
GB/T (GB ) 8897 "primary cell" standard divided into five parts.
--- GB/T 8897.1 "galvanic cell Part 1. General";
--- GB 8897.2 "galvanic cell Part 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements";
--- GB/T 8897.3 "galvanic cell Part 3. Battery Watch";
--- GB 8897.4 "galvanic cell Part 4. lithium safety requirements";
--- GB 8897.5 "galvanic cell - Part 5. aqueous electrolyte battery safety requirements."
This is Part 5 GB (/ T) 8897 is.
This section drafted in accordance with the rules GB/T 1.1-2009 given.
This partial replacement GB 8897.5-2006 "primary cell Part 5. aqueous electrolyte battery safety requirements."
This section is equivalent to using IEC 60086-5.2011 "primary cell Part 5. aqueous electrolyte battery safety requirements."
This section compared with GB 8897.5-2006, major changes are as follows.
--- modify the terms and definitions of the battery;
--- equivalent to using IEC 60086-5.2011, cylindrical zinc - manganese dioxide battery D projects to be tested;
--- increased inspection requirements of a rectangular cell (Table 1);
--- battery of safety tests have increased the "no fire" requirements;
--- modify the requirements of the battery mark;
--- Added Appendix C (informative) safety warning map.
Consistency correspondence relationship with international documents in this section of our normative references the following documents.
--- GB/T 8897.1-2013 galvanic cell Part 1. General (IEC 60086-1.2011, MOD)
--- GB/T 8897.2-2013 galvanic cell Part 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements (IEC 60086-2.2011, MOD)
This section was proposed by China Light Industry Federation.
This part of the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee of Standardization primary battery (SAC/TC176).
This section was drafted. Guangzhou Tiger Head Battery Group Co., Ltd., chemical power Light Industry Research Institute (National Chemical Power Products Quality
Supervision and Testing Center), Fujian Nanping Nanfu Battery Co., Ltd., BOC (Ningbo) Battery Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Mustang Battery Co., Ltd., Sichuan
Changhong New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong is Dragon Corp., Changzhou of legislation Battery Co., Ltd., Jiashan River Battery Co., Ltd., Nanjing
Wave Howard Johnson Battery Co., Ltd., Li Jia Power Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.
The main drafters of this section. Lin Peiyun, Qiu Shizhou, Zhang Qingshun, Xie Hongwei, Chen Shui-standard, Wang Shengbing, Huang Weijie, Tong Wu Bo, law Yongcheng,
Xu Yamin, Wang Jian.
This section replaces the following previously issued as follows.
--- GB 8897.5-2006.
IEC Introduction
The concept is closely related to the protection of life and property safety is not compromised. IEC 60086-5 predetermined aqueous electrolyte primary cell
Safety requirements and test methods are based on ISO /IEC Guide and refer to all applicable national and international standards have been made.
This section also contains a battery compartment on the design on the packaging, the use, storage and transportation and supply information to the designers of the appliance
Guide.
Security is to avoid the risk of injury and requires a balance between product performance to meet the other requirements. There can be no absolute security, even if
Is the highest degree of safety products, can only be relatively safe. Therefore, the product should be determined on the basis of risk assessments and safety judgment
safety.
Due to security will cause different problems, it is impossible to put forward a set of strict precautions and recommendations for a variety of situations. but
, When wisely to "adopt appropriate time" is the starting point of this section will be a reasonable applicable safety standards.
Primary batteries Part 5.
Safety requirements for batteries with aqueous electrolyte
1 Scope
This section provides safety-aqueous electrolyte primary battery performance requirements and test methods.
This section applies to ensure the safe use of the battery case with the normal use and in the foreseeable misuse.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only applies to the version dated paper
Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
IEC 60086-1.2011 galvanic cell 1. General (Primarybatteries-Part 1. Gerneral)
IEC 60086-2.2011 Part primary battery 2. Dimensions and electrical performance requirements (Primarybatteries-Part 2. Phys-
icalandelectricalspecifications)
IEC 60068-2-6 Environmental testing - Part 2-6. Test Fc vibration (sine) [Environmentaltesting-Part 2-6.
Tests-TestFc. Vibrations (sinusoidal)]
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental testing - Part 2-27. Impact test Ea (Environmentaltesting-Part 2-27.
Tests-TestEaandguidance. Shock)
Environmental testing IEC 60068-2-31 2-31. Test Ec rough handling impact (mainly type apparatus for sample)
(IEC 60068-2-31, Environmentaltesting-Part 2-31. Tests-TestEc. Roughhandlingshocks, primarilyfor
equipment-typespecimens)
3 Terms and Definitions
IEC 60086-1.2011 defines the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Battery battery
Fitted with means (e.g. a housing, extreme protection flag and device) or a plurality of cells required for use.
3.2
Button cell buttonbattery
Small round cells, which is smaller than the diameter of the overall height dimension; cell shape meet IEC 60086-2.2011 of FIGS. 3 and 4.
3.3
[Monomer] cells cel
Chemical energy directly to electrical energy into a power source, is an electrode, an electrolyte, the vessel, the extreme, the composition of the isolation layer and usually substantially
Functional unit.
3.4
A cylindrical battery cylindrical (celorbattery)
The total height is equal to or larger than the diameter of the cylindrical shape of the battery or cell.
3.5
Battery explosion batteryexplosion
Cells from any part of the solid matter instantly ejected from the battery than 25cm.
3.6
Damage harm
Damage to human health.
3.7
Dangerous hazard
Potential source of injury.
3.8
Specifies intendeduse
Information is provided by the supplier of the use of products, processes and services.
3.9
Leak leakage
Electrolyte, gas or other substances accidentally escape from the cell.
3.10
Nominal voltage nominalvoltage
Vn (symbol)
Approximation of an appropriate voltage used to identify certain cell or electrochemical system.
3.11
Primary batteries primarycelorbattery
By not charging the battery design.
3.12
Rectangular battery prismaticcelorbattery
Each plane at right angles to the plane of the parallelepiped shape or the battery cell.
3.13
Protection protectivedevice
Such as a fuse, diode or other electrical or electronic current limiter for the current in the circuit block.
3.14
It can be expected to misuse reasonablyforeseeablemisuse
It can be foreseen, due to the behavior of people without the required suppliers to use products, processes and services.
3.15
Risk risk
The likelihood and severity of injury.
3.16
Round cell roundcelorbattery
Circular cross-section of a battery or cell.
3.17
Security safety
No unacceptable risk.
3.18
Undischarged undischarged
Primary battery state of charge depth is 0%.
3.19
Relief venting
Design of intentional release excess pressure inside a way of battery, in order to prevent an explosion.
4 security requirements
4.1 Design
4.1.1 General
It should be designed to use the battery under normal (specified) safe and dangerous condition.
4.1.2 bleed
All batteries should be installed when the functional pressure release member, or structure should be designed when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds the explosion energy value
The release of too much pressure. If the sealant must be a plurality of cells enclosed within a housing, the sealing method used and should not be
Cause battery overheating or working pressure release member during normal operation.
A battery case should select the appropriate materials and/or final assembly design, such that when one or more cell venting occurred, electrical
Pool enclosure itself no danger.
Insulation resistance 4.1.3
At 500V ~ 600V voltage, between the exposed metal surfaces of the battery (not including any electrical contact and a terminal) electrically insulating
Resistance not less than 5MΩ.
4.2 Quality Plan
The manufacturer should develop quality plans, inspection procedures specified materials, spare parts, single cells and battery packs in the production process, and
The whole process of production of batteries to be implemented.
5 Sampling
5.1 General
By statistical methods approved product samples taken in batches.
5.2 Identification of the type of sampling
Identification of the type in Figure 1 the number of samples.
Note 1. The four batteries in series, wherein a reverse connection (groups of 5).
Note 2. the four battery in series, one of which is in a discharged (groups of 5).
Type 1 test identification number of samples required for sampling, and FIG.
6 Testing and requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 applicable safety inspection items
Applicable safety test items shown in Table 1.
Table 2 and Table 6 scenarios simulated battery test items that may be encountered when specifying the use and misuse can be foreseen.
Table 1 Test items
system
Letter code
Negative Positive electrolyte
Single cell
The nominal voltage
shape
Test items
B-1
B-2
CDEFG
(Zn)
Ammonium chloride, zinc chloride
manganese dioxide
(MnO2)
1.5
R √ √ √ √ √ √ √
B NR
Pr √ √ √ √ √ √ √
M √ √ √ NR √ √ √
(Zn)
Ammonium chloride, zinc chloride
oxygen
(O2)
1.4
R √ √ √ NR √ √ √
B NR
Pr √ √ √ √ √ √ √
M √ √ √ NR √ √ √
TABLE 1 (cont.)
system
Letter code
Negative Positive electrolyte
Single cell
The nominal voltage
shape
Test items
B-1
B-2
CDEFG
(Zn)
An alkali metal hydroxide
manganese dioxide
(MnO2)
1.5
R √ √ √ √ √ √ √
B √ √ √ NR √ NR √
Pr √ √ √ √ √ √ √
M √ √ √ NR √ NR √
(Zn)
An alkali metal hydroxide
oxygen
(O2)
1.4
R NR
B NR √ √ NR √ NR √
Pr √ √ √ √ √ √ √
M NR
(Zn)
An alkali metal hydroxide
Silver oxide
(Ag2O)
1.55
R √ √ √ NR √ NR √
B √ √ √ NR √ NR √
Pr √ √ √ √ √ √ √
M NR
Test item code.
A. Part used after (partial discharge) is stored
B-1. Transport - Impact
B-2. Transport - Vibration
C. Climate - temperature cycling
D. is not installed properly
E. External short circuit
F. over-discharge
G. free fall
Other Code Description.
R. a cylindrical battery (see 3.4)
B. button battery (see 3.2)
Pr. a rectangular cell (see 3.12)
M. a plurality of cell batteries containing
√. asked to do testing
NR. do not require testing
Note. button cell or battery capacity is below 250mA · h L of the system and the system S and the capacity is lower than 700mA · h button system of single P
Body cell or battery-free to do any testing.
6.1.2 Safety Alert
Warning.
In the inspection process if you do not take appropriate protective measures, it may cause personal injury.
In preparing these test methods, testing is assumed to have taken appropriate precautions to by experienced, qualified technical staff
ongoing.
6.1.3 Ambient temperature
Unless otherwise specified, tests should be performed at (20 ± 5) ℃.
6.2 specify
Test items 6.2.1 and the requirements specified use
Specify requirements and test items shown in Table 2.
Table 2 specifies the use of test items and requirements
The simulated test items specified requirements
A battery electrical performance test portion after use (discharge portion) reservoir
No leak
Not on fire
No explosion
Environmental Testing
Transport B-1 - Impact
No leak
Not on fire
No explosion
B-2 transport - Vibration
No leak
Not on fire
No explosion
Climate - C ambient temperature climate - temperature cycling
Not on fire
No explosion
6.2.2 specify test methods
6.2.2.1 Test A. used after the battery part (discharge part) reservoir
a) Objective
The simulation test has been charged with a battery in the case of electrical appliances has been switched off after partial discharge. These batteries may be a long time
Placed in electrical appliances or removed after long-term storage of the electrical appliances.
b) Test Method
The untreated sample of the battery discharge by IEC 60086-2. The model of least resistance load battery discharge mode in a predetermined discharge 2011,
The minimum discharge time average discharge time (MAD) is 50%, then the discharge reservoir 30d at 45 ℃ ± 5 ℃.
c) Requirements
The battery should not leak during the inspection, no fire, no explosion.
6.2.2.2 test B-1. Transportation - Impact
a) Objective
The test simulated electric appliances with battery case is accidentally falling. Test conditions made a general in IEC 60068-2-27
Provisions.
b) Test Method
Undischarged battery examined as follows.
Inspection step according to a predetermined condition specified in Table 4 and Table 3.
Impulse. impulse is applied to the battery requirements are as follows.
Step recording the battery open-circuit voltage.
Step 2 - Step 4 impact test according to the steps specified in Table 3 and Table 4.
Step 5 battery is left 1h.
Step 6 record test results.
c) Requirements
The battery should not leak during the inspection, no fire, no explosion.
Table 3 Impact pulse
Acceleration
The minimum initial 3ms average acceleration maximum acceleration
Waveform
75gn 125gn ~ 175gn half sine
NOTE. gn = 9.80665m/s2.
Table 4 step test
Step impact frequency and hold time alignment battery visual inspection period
1h
See note
See note
See note
1 time
1 time
1 time
Inspection ago
After the test
Note. The impact time in the three mutually perpendicular direction of the battery.
6.2.2.3 Test B-2. Transport - Vibration
a) Objective
The vibration test to simulate the transport and in the testing conditions were specified in IEC 60068-2-6 in general.
b) Test Method
Undischarged battery examined as follows.
Tested under the following conditions in Table 5 and in steps.
--- amplitude of vibration applied to the battery is 0.8mm, maximum total harmonic motion amplitude of 1.6mm. Frequency change 1Hz/min, frequency
Ratio range of 10Hz ~ 55Hz. Cells were subjected to three mutually perpendicular directions of oscillation, to each direction (10Hz ~ 55Hz), back
(55Hz ~ 10Hz) vibration (90 ± 5) min.
Table 5 verification step
Step hold time alignment battery visual inspection vibration time period
1h
See note
See note
See note
Each (90 ± 5) min
Each (90 ± 5) min
Each (90 ± 5) min
Inspection ago
After the test
Note. in the three directions perpendicular to each other the respective vibrating battery once.
Step recording the battery open-circuit voltage.
Step 2 to Step 4 Step predetermined vibration test and 6.2.2.3 in Table 5.
Step 5 battery is left 1h.
Step 6 record test results.
c) Requirements
The battery should not leak during the inspection, no fire, no explosion.
6.2.2.4 Inspection C. Climate - temperature cycling
a) Objective
The test was used to evaluate after the temperature cycling may be weakened overall sealing performance of the battery.
b) Test Method
Discharge of the battery is not tested by the following method.
The step of temperature cycling (see 1) to 7) and/or FIG. 2).
1) the battery placed in the test compartment, within 30min (t1) The test chamber temperature was raised to 70 ℃ ± 5 ℃;
2) held at this temperature for 4h (t2);
3) in 30min (t1) The test chamber temperature was lowered to 20 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and held at this temperature for 2h (t3);
4) in 30min (t1) The test chamber temperature is lowered to -20 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and held at this temperature for 4h (t2);
5) in 30min (t1) The test chamber temperature was raised to 20 ℃ ± 5 ℃;
6) Repeat the above steps to continue for another nine cycles;
7) After these 10 cycles, and then tested after storage 7d.
FIG temperature cycling step 2
c) Requirements
The battery should not catch fire in the inspection process, not an explosion.
6.3 can be expected to misuse
6.3.1 foreseeable misuse and inspection requirements (see Table 6)
Table 6 foreseeable misuse inspection requirements and
The simulated test items required misuse
Electrical performance test D improper installation
Not on fire
No explosion a
Table 6 (Continued)
The simulated test items required misuse
Electrical performance test
E external short
Not on fire
No explosion
F overdischarge
Not on fire
No explosion
Environmental Testing G free fall
Not on fire
No explosion
a See 6.3.2.1b) Note 2.
6.3.2 foreseeable misuse of test methods
6.3.2.1 Inspection D. Improper installation
a) Objective
The test simulates a set of (four batteries in series) there is a battery in the case of a reverse battery connection.
b) Test Method
3, 4 the same brand, model and source of undischarged batteries connected in series, wherein a battery (B1) is connected in reverse turned
The circuit 24h to the battery housing or the temperature is lowered to ambient temperature.
Resistance in the circuit connected to each other should be less than 0.1Ω.
Improper installation of FIG. 3 (four batteries in series) a circuit diagram
Note 1. Figure 3 circuit simulation of a typical misuse.
Note 2. The primary battery can not be charged, but when three or more cells connected in series in a reverse battery installation, the battery is in the reverse charged
Situation. Although a cylindrical battery is designed to release the internal pressure is too high, but there are still explosions may occur in some cases. So it should be
Clear reminder of the user according to the polarity of the battery (and -) batteries are inserted correctly in order to avoid injury (see 9.1i)).
c) Requirements
The battery should not catch fire during the inspection, no explosion (see 6.3.2.1b) Note 2).
6.3.2.2 Inspection E. External short circuit
a) Objective
The test simulated battery external short circuit may occur in daily use.
b) Test Method
Discharge of the battery is not connected as in FIG. 4. 24h turn on the circuit to the battery housing or the temperature is lowered to ambient temperature.
The connection resistance in the circuit should be less than 0.1Ω.
4 external short circuit diagram of FIG.
c) Requirements
The battery should not catch fire in the inspection process, not an explosion.
6.3.2.3 Inspection F. over-discharge
a) Objective
The test simulated a discharged battery with the other three non-discharge of the battery case in series.
b) Test Method
According to IEC 60086-2 an undischarged battery (C1). MAD predetermined maximum value 2011 that the subject application entry (expressed in units of time)
Test discharge amount or discharge test conditions, the load until the voltage drops n × 0.6V (n for the number of monomer battery cells), and then put the
Through the electric battery (C1) and 3 the same brand, model and sources connected in series non-discharge of the battery 5 as shown in FIG. Circuit that turns on until the total
Load voltage falls below 4 × (n × 0.6V).
R1 is the resistance value should be about IEC 60086-2. 4 times the minimum cell resistance of the resistor of the predetermined test load 2011,
And ultimately determined to be closest to IEC 60086-1. a resistance value of 6.4 in 2011.
5 overdischarge circuit diagram of FIG.
c) Requirements
The battery should not catch fire in the inspection process, not an explosion.
6.3.2.4 Inspection G. free fall
a) Objective
The case of a sudden drop test simulation battery, testing conditions in accordance with IEC 60086-2-31.
b) verification step
Discharge of the battery does not fall from a height of 1m on the concrete surface, each of the battery to be tested should be dropped six times, six surfaces of each rectangular battery 1
Times, twice each circular cell as shown in Figure 6 the three axes, and the battery to be tested is placed 1h.
FIG 6 XYZ axial direction of free fall
c) Requirements
The battery should not catch fire in the inspection process, not an explosion.
7 Safety Information
7.1 Battery Safety Precautions
When used correctly, aqueous electrolyte battery is a safe and reliable power. However, if misuse or abuse the battery may cause
Leakage, and in extreme cases may explode and/or catch fire.
a) shall be indicated with the battery and the electrical polarity flag (and -) of the battery is properly loaded. Is not properly loaded with a battery having a collector
May be short-circuited or charging, the battery temperature rises rapidly, resulting in venting, leakage, explosion and injury.
b) Do not short circuit the battery. When the positive electrode of the battery () and the negative (-) direct connection, the battery was short-circuited. For example, the battery
And keys or coins in a pocket or handbag together, the battery can be short-circuited, which may lead to bleed, leak, explosion
And personal injury.
c) not recharge the battery. Attempt to produce gas and/or heat to cause the internal battery charging primary non-rechargeable, resulting in leakage
Put, leaks, explosions and personal injury.
d) Do not force the battery discharge. When the battery is forcibly discharged outside the power supply voltage of the battery will be forced down to the design value and electrical
Internal pool to produce gas, can lead to bleed, leak, explosion and personal injury.
e) Do not use new batteries or a different type or brand of batteries. When replacing the battery, use the same brand new electricity, the same type of
Pool at the same time replace all the batteries. When different brands or types of batteries used with new and old batteries or together, since the electric
Different voltage or capacity of the pool, make some battery discharge caused by venting, leakage and explosion, possibly causing injury.
f) should be taken out from the battery power is exhausted and electrical appliances properly. Let charged battery for a long time there is left in the electric appliances in
Electrical appliances caused damage and/or personal injury may occur electrolyte leakage.
g) do not heat the battery. After the battery is heated discharge may occur, leakage and explosion and cause personal injury.
h) Do not directly solder the battery. When the battery is directly welded, battery may be damaged due to the heat, resulting in internal short circuit and cause leakage
Put, leaks and explosions, it could result in personal injury.
i) Do not remove the battery. When removing the member in contact with the battery in the battery is harmful and can cause personal injury or fire.
j) Do not damage the battery. Do not squeeze the battery, punching, or other forms of damage, such misuse can lead to bleed, leak, burst
Fried and personal injury.
k) Do not dispose of the battery by fire. When treated with a battery fire, the heat generated......
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