GB 5009.42-2016 (GB5009.42-2016) & related versions
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GB 5009.42-2016
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
National Food Safety Standard -
Determination of Table Salt Index
ISSUED ON: AUGUST 31, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2017
Issued by: National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Determination of sodium chloride ... 4
3 Determination of lead ... 10
4 Determination of total arsenic ... 13
5 Determination of cadmium ... 13
6 Determination of total mercury ... 13
7 Determination of barium ... 13
8 Determination of potassium chloride ... 14
9 Determination of potassium ferrocyanide (ferrous sulfate method) ... 18
10 Determination of iodine (redox titration method) ... 20
National Food Safety Standard -
Determination of Table Salt Index
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the testing methods of sodium chloride, lead, total
arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, barium, potassium chloride, potassium
ferrocyanide, and iodine in table salt.
This Standard applies to the determination of table salt index.
2 Determination of sodium chloride
2.1 Determination of water content
Operate according to the direct drying method in GB 5009.3. The drying
temperature is set to 140 °C±2 °C. DRY until the difference between the two
masses before and after does not exceed 5 mg, that is, constant weight.
2.2 Determination of chloride ion
2.2.1 Principle
After the sample is dissolved, USE potassium chromate as an indicator; USE a
silver nitrate standard titration solution to titrate, to determine the content of
chloride ion.
2.2.2 Reagents and materials
Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are analytically pure;
the water is the Grade 3 water specified in GB/T 6682.
2.2.2.1 Reagents
2.2.2.1.1 Silver nitrate.
2.2.2.1.2 Potassium chromate.
2.2.2.2 Preparation of reagents
2.2.2.2.1 Silver nitrate standard titration solution (0.1 mol/L).
liter (mol/L);
35.453 - The molar mass of chloride ion, in grams per mole (g/mol);
f - The dilution factor of the sample solution;
m - Sample mass, in grams (g);
100, 1000 - Unit conversion factor.
The calculation result is retained to two decimal places.
2.2.6 Precision
The absolute difference between the two independent determination results,
obtained under repeated conditions, shall not exceed 5% of the arithmetic mean.
2.3 Determination of calcium
Operate according to the atomic absorption spectrophotometry in GB/T
5009.92.
2.4 Determination of magnesium
Operate according to GB/T 5009.90.
2.5 Determination of sulfate radical (EDTA complexometric titration)
2.5.1 Principle
Excess barium chloride and the sulfate radical in the sample form insoluble
barium sulfate precipitate. The remaining barium ions are titrated using a
standard solution of disodium edetate (EDTA). USE indirect method to
determine the sulfate radical.
2.5.2 Reagents and materials
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are analytically pure; the
water is the Grade 3 water specified in GB/T 6682.
2.5.2.1 Reagents
2.5.2.1.1 Hydrochloric acid.
2.5.2.1.2 Aqueous ammonia.
2.5.2.1.3 Ammonium chloride.
2.5.2.1.4 Absolute ethanol.
2.5.4 Analytical procedures
2.5.4.1 Sample processing
WEIGH 25 g (accurate to 0.001 g) of the pulverized sample in a 400 mL beaker;
ADD about 200 mL of water; HEAT on a boiling water bath; USE a glass rod to
stir until completely dissolved. After cooling, TRANSFER to a 500 mL volumetric
flask; ADD water to the mark; SHAKE well; if necessary, filter. When the content
of ions to be tested in the sample is too high, it may be appropriately diluted
and then determined.
2.5.4.2 Determination
PIPETTE a sample solution (2.5.4.1) of a certain volume (so that the sulfate
radical content in the solution is below 8 mg) in a 150 mL conical flask. ADD 1
drop of hydrochloric acid solution (2.5.2.2.1); ADD 5.00 mL of barium chloride
solution (2.5.2.2.6); STIR for a while; LET it stand for 5 min. ADD 5 mL of
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium magnesium solution, 10 mL of
absolute ethanol, 5 mL of ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer solution, 4 drops
of chrome black T indicator. USE EDTA standard titration solution to titrate, until
the solution changes from wine red to brilliant blue. RECORD the volume V3 of
EDTA standard titration solution consumed.
Titration of the total amount of calcium-magnesium in the solution: PIPETTE
the sample solution of the same volume as the sulfate radical to be determined;
PLACE it in a 150 mL conical flask. ADD water to 25 mL. ADD 5 mL of ammonia-
ammonium chloride buffer solution, 4 drops of chrome black T indicator. USE
EDTA standard titration solution to titrate, until the solution changes from wine
red to brilliant blue. RECORD the volume V2 of EDTA standard solution
consumed.
2.5.5 Expression of analysis results
The content of sulfate radical in the sample is calculated according to formula
(2):
Where:
X2 - The content of sulfate radical in the sample, %;
V1 - The amount of EDTA standard titration solution used when titrating the
barium chloride solution, in milliliters (mL);
2.6.2 Expression of analysis results
2.6.2.1 Sodium chloride (wet basis)
The content X(w) of sodium chloride (wet basis) in the sample is the sodium
chloride content calculated in accordance with 2.6.1, in %.
The calculation result is retained to two decimal places.
2.6.2.2 Sodium chloride (on a dry basis)
The sodium chloride content in the sample is calculated according to formula
(3):
Where:
X3 - The content of sodium chloride (on a dry basis) in the sample, %;
X(w) - The content of sodium chloride (wet basis) in the sample, %;
P - Water content, %.
The calculation result is retained to two decimal places.
2.6.3 Precision
The absolute difference between the two independent determination results,
obtained under repeated conditions, shall not exceed 10% of the arithmetic
mean.
3 Determination of lead
3.1 Principle
After the sample is treated, the lead ions, at a certain pH, form a complex with
sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC). It is extracted and separated by 4-
methyl-2-pentanone, introduced into an atomic absorption spectrometer. After
electrothermal atomization, absorb the 283.3 nm resonance line. In a certain
concentration range, the absorption value is directly proportional to the lead
content, in comparative quantification with the standard series.
3.2 Reagents and materials
in a 100 mL volumetric flask; USE nitric acid solution (3.2.2.7) to dilute to the
mark. In such a way, it is diluted several times to a standard use solution
containing 0.0 ng, 5.0 ng, 10.0 ng, 20.0 ng, and 40.0 ng of lead per milliliter,
respectively.
3.3 Instruments and equipment
3.3.1 Atomic absorption spectrometer, with graphite furnace and lead hollow
cathode lamp.
3.3.2 Balance: The sensitivity is 0.001 g.
3.3.3 Adjustable electric hot plate and adjustable electric furnace.
3.4 Analytical procedures
3.4.1 Sample processing
Accurately WEIGH 10 g (accurate to 0.01 g) of sample in a 100 mL beaker;
ADD a small amount of water to dissolve; ADD a small amount of mixed acid
(3.2.2.1); HEAT to boil; LET cool and TRANSFER all to a 50 mL volumetric flask;
DILUTE to the mark; MIX well for use.
3.4.2 Extraction separation
Depending on the sample, PIPETTE 25.0 mL~50.0 mL of the sample solution
prepared according to 3.4.1 and the reagent blank solution into 125 mL
separating funnels respectively; ADD water to 60 mL. ADD 2 mL of ammonium
citrate solution (3.2.2.3), 3 drops~5 drops of bromothymol blue solution (3.2.2.4).
USE aqueous ammonia solution (3.2.2.6) to adjust the pH, until the solution
turns from yellow to blue. ADD 10.0 mL of ammonium sulfate solution (3.2.2.2),
10 mL of DDTC solution (3.2.2.5); SHAKE well. PLACE it for about 5 min; ADD
10.0 mL of MIBK (3.2.1.8); SHAKE vigorously to extract for 1 min. After letting
stand for stratification, DISCARD the aqueous layer; PUT the MIBK layer into a
10 mL stoppered graduated tube for use. PIPETTE 10.0 mL of lead standard
use solution into the 125 mL separating funnels respectively. EXTRACT in the
same manner as the sample. At the same time, DO reagent blank.
3.4.3 Determination
It is same as the determination of graphite furnace atomic absorption
spectrometry in GB 5009.12.
3.5 Expression of analysis results, precision
It is same as the expression of analysis results and precision of graphite furnace
atomic absorption spectrometry in GB 5009.12.
7.3 Instruments and equipment
Balance: The sensitivity is 0.001 g.
7.4 Analytical procedures
WEIGH 50.00 g of the sample; ADD water to dissolve to 500 mL; filter.
DISCARD the primary filtrate; MEASURE 50 mL of the filtrate in a 50 mL
colorimetric tube. TAKE 1 mL of barium standard use solution (7.2.2.3) in a 50
mL colorimetric tube; ADD water to the mark; MIX well. ADD 2 mL of sulfuric
acid solution (7.2.2.1) to each of the two tubes; SHAKE well. After placing for 2
h, visually compare them. The sample tube shall not be turbid than the standard
tube, that is, ≤15 mg/kg barium.
8 Determination of potassium chloride
Note: When the potassium chloride content in the table salt is >2 g/100 g, operate
according to the gravimetric method. When the potassium chloride content in the
table salt is < 2 g/100 g, operate according to flame emission spectroscopy.
8.1 Flame emission spectroscopy
8.1.1 Operate according to GB/T 5009.91.
8.1.2 Expression of analysis results
The content of potassium chloride in the sample is calculated according to
formula (4):
Where:
X4 - The content of potassium chloride (on a dry basis) in the sample, in grams
per hundred grams (g/100 g);
c - The concentration of potassium in the sample solution for determination
(obtained from the standard curve), in micrograms per milliliter (μg/mL);
c0 - The concentration of potassium in the reagent blank solution (obtained from
the standard curve), in micrograms per milliliter (μg/mL);
V - The constant volume of the sample solution, in milliliters (mL);
f - The dilution factor of the sample solution;
it. ADD 5 g of aluminum hydroxide; STIR for 10 min; USE slow filter paper to
filter. If the filtrate is turbid, it shall be repeatedly filtered to clarification.
COLLECT all the filtrate into a 250 mL volumetric flask; ADD 1 mL of sodium
hydroxide solution; DILUTE to the mark; SHAKE well; re-filter before use.
8.2.2.2.4 Sodium tetraphenylborate washing solution (1 g/L): PIPETTE 20 mL
of sodium tetraphenylborate solution into a 500 mL volumetric flask; DILUTE to
the mark; SHAKE well.
8.2.2.2.5 Phenolphthalein indicator solution (5 g/L): WEIGH 0.5 g of
phenolphthalein dissolved in 100 mL of 95% ethanol solution.
8.2.3 Instruments and equipment
8.2.3.1 No. 4 glass sand core funnel (The aperture of filter plate is 5 μm~15
μm).
8.2.3.2 Circulating-water vacuum pump.
8.2.3.3 Electrothermal constant-temperature drying oven.
8.2.3.4 Dryer: Include an effective desiccant.
8.2.3.5 Analytical balance: The sensitivity is 0.1 mg.
8.2.4 Analytical procedures
WEIGH 2.5 g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of sample; PLACE it in a 100 mL beaker;
ADD water to dissolve it; TRANSFER to a 500 mL volumetric flask; USE water
to dilute to the mark; SHAKE well and filter; DISCARD the primary filtrate.
Accurately PIPETTE 25.0 mL of filtrate (The potassium chloride content in the
sample solution shall not exceed 48 mg) in a 100 mL beaker. ADD 10 mL of
EDTA solution, 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution. With constant
stirring, ADD dropwise the sodium hydroxide solution, until the color of the test
solution turns pink, an excess of 1 mL; SHAKE well (At this time, the volume of
the test solution is about 40 mL).
Under continuous stirring, ADD dropwise sodium tetraphenylborate solution of
the volume 4 mL more than the theoretical amount (16 mg of potassium chloride
requires 3 mL of sodium tetraphenylborate solution); LET it stand for 0.5 h.
USE a No. 4 glass sand core funnel which is pre-baked at 120 °C to a constant
weight to suction-filter the precipitate. All the precipitate is washed using a
sodium tetraphenylborate washing solution into the sand core funnel. USE the
washing solution again to wash 5 times, 5 mL each time. Finally, USE water to
wash twice, 2 mL each time. The sand core funnel and the precipitate are
9 Determination of potassium ferrocyanide (ferrous
sulfate method)
9.1 Principle
Potassium ferrocyanide, under acidic conditions, forms a blue double salt with
ferrous sulfate. It is in comparative quantification with the standard. The
detection limit of the method is 1.0 mg/kg.
9.2 Reagents
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are analytically pure; the
water is the Grade 3 water specified in GB/T 6682.
9.2.1 Reagents
9.2.1.1 Sulfuric acid.
9.2.1.2 Ferrous sulfate (FeSO4 • 7H2O).
9.2.1.3 Potassium ferrocyanide.
9.2.2 Preparation of reagents
9.2.2.1 Sulfuric acid solution: MEASURE 5.7 mL of sulfuric acid; POUR it into
50 mL of water. After cooling, ADD water to 100 mL.
9.2.2.2 Ferrous sulfate solution (80 g/L): WEIGH 8 g of ferrous sulfate dissolved
in 100 mL of sulfuric acid solution; filter; STORE it in a brown reagent bottle at
low temperature.
9.2.3 Preparation of standard solutions
9.2.3.1 Standard solution of potassium ferrocyanide: Accurately WEIGH 0.1993
g of potassium ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6] • 3H2O) dissolved in a small amount
of water. TRANSFER to a 100 mL volumetric flask; ADD water to dilute to the
mark. 1 mL of this solution is equivalent to 1.0 mg of ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4-).
9.2.3.2 Standard working solution of potassium ferrocyanide: PIPETTE 10.0 mL
of standard solution of potassium ferrocyanide; PUT it in a 100 mL volumetric
flask; ADD water to dilute to the mark. 1 mL of this solution is equivalent to 0.10
mg of ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]4-).
9.3 Instruments and equipment
9.6 Precision
The absolute difference between the two independent determination results,
obtained under repeated conditions, shall not exceed 10% of the arithmetic
mean.
10 Determination of iodine (redox titration method)
10.1 Principle
The iodide ion in the sample, under acidic conditions, is oxidized to iodate using
sodium hypochlorite. Oxalic acid removes excess sodium hypochlorite. Iodate
oxidizes potassium iodide to free elemental iodine. USE the starch solution as
an indicator. USE a standard solution of sodium thiosulfate to titrate. Calculate
the iodine content.
10.2 Reagents
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the reagents used in this method are analytically pure; the
water is the Grade 3 water specified in GB/T 6682.
10.2.1 Reagents
10.2.1.1 Oxalic acid.
10.2.1.2 Phosphoric acid (ρ=85%).
10.2.1.3 Potassium iodide.
10.2.1.4 Sodium hypochlorite reagent solution (10% of available chlorine).
10.2.1.5 Starch.
10.2.1.6 Sodium thiosulfate.
10.2.2 Preparation of reagents
10.2.2.1 Oxalic acid-phosphoric acid mixed solution: WEIGH 15 g of oxalic acid;
ADD water to dissolve; ADD 34 mL of phosphoric acid; USE water to dilute to
500 mL.
10.2.2.2 Potassium iodide solution (50 g/L): WEIGH 25.0 g of potassium iodide;
USE water to dissolve and dilute to 500 mL; STORE in a brown bottle. Prepare
when used.
10.2.2.3 Sodium hypochlorite solution (about 3% of available chlorine):
MEASURE 10 mL of sodium hypochlorite reagent solution; ADD 30 mL of water;
......
| Standard ID | GB 5009.42-2016 (GB5009.42-2016) | | Description (Translated English) | National Food Safety Standard -- Determination of Table Salt Index | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C53 | | Classification of International Standard | 67.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 14,138 | | Date of Issue | 2016-08-31 | | Date of Implementation | 2017-03-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 5009.42-2003 | | Regulation (derived from) | State Health and Family Planning Commission Notice No.11 of 2016 | | Issuing agency(ies) | National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People Republic of China | | Summary | This standard specifies the detection methods of sodium chloride, lead, total arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, barium, potassium chloride, potassium ferrocyanide and iodine in salt. This standard applies to the determination of salt indicators. | | Standard ID | GB/T 5009.42-2003 (GB/T5009.42-2003) | | Description (Translated English) | Method for analysis of hygienic standard of table salt | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C53 | | Classification of International Standard | 67.040 | | Word Count Estimation | 11,126 | | Date of Issue | 2003-08-11 | | Date of Implementation | 2004-01-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB/T 5009.42-1996 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 5009.4; GB/T 5009.11; GB/T 5009.12; GB/T 5009.13; GB/T 5009.14; GB/T 5009.15; GB/T 5009.17; GB/T 5009.18-2003; GB/T 5009.33; GB/T 5009.39-2003 | | Drafting Organization | Ministry of Health Food Hygiene Supervision and Inspection | | Administrative Organization | People's Republic of China Ministry of Health | | Proposing organization | Ministry of Health of the People Republic of China | | Issuing agency(ies) | The People Republic of China Ministry of Health, China National Standardization Management Committee | | Summary | This standard specifies: salt the health indicators analysis. This standard applies to: salt the health indicators analysis. Fluorine colorimetry minimum detectable concentration was 1. 0mg/kg, sulfate determination the minimum detectable concentration was 0. 050g/100g. | | Standard ID | GB/T 5009.42-1996 (GB/T5009.42-1996) | | Description (Translated English) | Method for analysis of hygienic standard of table salt | | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | | Classification of Chinese Standard | C53 | | Classification of International Standard | 67.04 | | Word Count Estimation | 9,971 | | Date of Issue | 1996/6/19 | | Date of Implementation | 1996/9/1 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 5009.42-1985 |
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