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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB 17675-2021 | English | 345 |
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Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements
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| GB 17675-1999 | English | 70 |
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Steering system of motor vehicles. Basic requirements
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GB 17675-2021: Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB17675-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.50
T 23
Replacing GB 17675-1999
Steering system of motor vehicles -
Basic requirements
Issued on. FEBRUARY 20, 2021
Implemented on. JANUARY 01, 2022
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms and definitions... 8
3.1 Basic terms... 8
3.2 Terms of functional safety... 15
4 Technical requirements... 17
4.1 Requirements for motor vehicles... 17
4.2 Requirements for trailers... 18
4.3 Failure provisions... 20
4.4 Alarm signals... 22
5 Test methods... 24
5.1 Test conditions... 24
5.2 Tests for motor vehicles... 24
5.3 Tests for trailers... 25
6 Implementation date... 26
Appendix A (Normative) Supplementary regulations for vehicles equipped with
auxiliary steering equipment (ASE)... 27
Appendix B (Normative) Functional safety requirements... 30
Appendix C (Normative) Requirements for trailers equipped with purely
hydraulic steering transmission equipment... 37
Appendix D (Normative) Special requirements for power supply of steering
system of tractor-trailer combination... 38
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the terms and definitions, technical requirements, and
test methods of the steering system of motor vehicles.
This Standard applies to categories M, N vehicles and category O trailers
specified in GB/T 15089.
This Standard does not apply to.
- Pneumatic transmission steering system;
- Vehicles with autonomous steering system as defined in 3.1.1.5.
2 Normative references
The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are
applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition
(including all the amendments) are applicable to this document.
GB/T 3730.1 Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions
GB/T 3730.2 Road vehicle - Masses - Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 3730.3 Motor vehicles and towed vehicles - Dimensions of vehicles -
Terms and definitions
GB/T 5053.3 Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of
towing and towed vehicles - Definitions tests and requirements
GB/T 5563 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies - Hydrostatic
testing
GB/T 7939 Hydraulic fluid power - Hose assemblies - Test methods
GB/T 9574 Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies - Ratios of proof
and burst pressure to maximum working pressure
GB/T 12540 Minimum turning circle diameter, minimum turning clearance
circle diameter and out value test method for motor vehicles
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB/T 20716.1 Road vehicles - Connectors for the electrical connection of
towing and towed vehicles - Part 1.Connectors for braking systems and
running gears of vehicles with 24V nominal supply voltage
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3730.1, GB/T 3730.2, GB/T 3730.3,
GB/T 12540, GB/T 15089, GB/T 34590, GB/T 35360, and the following terms
and definitions apply to this document.
3.1 Basic terms
3.1.1
Steering system
A system used to change or maintain the driving direction of a vehicle.
Note. It includes steering control equipment, steering transmission equipment, steered
wheels, and energy supply equipment (if any).
3.1.1.1
Steering control equipment
The operating mechanism in the steering system which controls the steering
work with or without the direct intervention of the driver.
Note. For the steering system where the steering forces are provided by the driver's muscle
strength in whole or in part, the steering control equipment includes all the
components, which convert the steering control force into the steering forces through
mechanical, hydraulic or electric means.
3.1.1.2
Steering transmission equipment
A combination of components which form a functional connection between the
steering control equipment and the steered wheels, and realize the two
functions of control transmission and/or energy transmission.
Note. According to the control and/or energy transmission mode, it can be divided into
mechanical, hydraulic, electric types and various combinations of them.
3.1.1.3
Steered wheels
The wheels whose direction of motion can be directly or indirectly changed
relative to the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle, to control the driving
direction of the vehicle.
Note. It includes components such as steering knuckle and kingpin.
3.1.1.4
Energy supply equipment
The functional equipment used in the steering system to provide energy, control
energy distribution, and store energy.
Note. It includes storage reservoir, pipeline, wiring harness and media; but does not
include the engine (except that the engine provides energy to the power assisted
steering system) and the drive of the engine to the energy source.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Requirements for motor vehicles
4.1.1 The steering system shall ensure the lightness and safety of the steering
operation of the vehicle within its maximum design speed range. When the
steering system is intact, the steering control force, steering time, and steering
radius of the motor vehicle shall meet the requirements of Table 1.When testing
in accordance with the method required in 5.2, on the premise that the steering
system is intact, the motor vehicle shall have the ability of automatic returning.
If an auxiliary steering equipment is installed on the vehicle, it shall also meet
the requirements of Appendix A. The circular motion listed in this Standard
refers to the motion along the turning circle.
4.1.2 Within the maximum design speed range of the motor vehicle, when the
driver has no abnormal steering correction behavior, and the steering system
has no abnormal vibration, the steering system shall not affect the straight-line
driving performance of the vehicle.
4.1.3 The steering control direction of the motor vehicle shall be consistent with
its driving direction. The steering angle shall continuously correspond to the
deflection of the steering control equipment.
4.2 Requirements for trailers
4.2.1 When the tractor-trailer combination goes straight ahead, the trailer shall
be in the same driving direction as the tractor. If the trailer cannot automatically
maintain a straight-line driving, it shall be equipped with corresponding
adjustment devices.
4.2.2 The rear wheels of the semi-trailer may be steered wheels.
4.2.3 The tractor is driving straight on a level road. Within the maximum design
speed range, when the driver has no steering correction behavior, and the
steering system has no abnormal vibration, the trailer shall not affect the
straight-line driving performance of the vehicle due to its steering system.
4.2.4 At a uniform speed of (25±1)km/h and 5 km/h, the tractor-trailer
combination performs steady-state turning along a turning circle with a radius
of 25 m. Measure the radius of the trajectory circle traversed by the rearmost
outer edge of the trailer, respectively. The difference between the trajectory
circle radius at the speed of (25±1)km/h and 5 km/h shall not be more than 0.7 m.
4.2.5 When the tractor-trailer combination leaves a turning circle with a radius
of 25 m at a speed of 25 km/h, the tractor is within 40 m of the tangent line from
the leaving starting point as the tangency point (calculated to the end of the
trailer). The projection of any part of the trailer on the ground must not exceed
the tangent line of the turning circle with a radius of 25 m by 0.5 m; as shown
in Figure 1.Continue to drive straight. The trailer shall meet the requirements
of 4.2.3.
4.2.6 For draw-bar trailers and semi-trailers with multiple steering axles, and
center-axle trailers with at least one steering axle, the requirements of 4.2.3,
4.2.4, and 4.2.5 shall be met. For a trailer equipped with a self-tracking steering
equipment, under full load conditions, the axle load ratio OF the non-steering
or self-steering axle TO the self-tracking steering axle shall be at least greater
than 1.If the axle load ratio OF the non-steering or self-steering axle TO the
self-tracking steering axle is greater than or equal to 1.6, the test of 5.3 is not
necessary.
4.2.7 The trailer steering system, if purely hydraulic steering transmission is
adopted, shall meet the requirements of Appendix C.
4.2.8 Motor vehicles, which provide electrical energy to the trailer steering
system, and trailers, which use the electrical energy of the motor vehicle to
implement steering, shall meet the relevant requirements of Appendix D.
4.2.9 The adjustable components in the trailer steering transmission system
4.3 Failure provisions
4.3.1 General provisions
4.3.2 Power assisted steering system
When the energy source or energy transmission has a fault other than the
components listed in 4.3.1.1, the steering angle shall not change suddenly. As
long as the vehicle speed can exceed 10 km/h, the steering control force after
the fault shall meet the requirements of Table 2.
4.3.3 Full-power steering
4.3.3.1 When the vehicle has a fault of the main steering system as warned in
4.4 Alarm signals
4.4.1 General provisions
4.4.1.1 The steering system shall, through the motor vehicle, clearly warn the
driver of any non-mechanical fault that impairs the steering function. Despite
the requirements of 4.1.2, the abnormal vibration of the steering system can be
used as an additional reminder signal of system fault. The sudden increase in
the steering control force of the motor vehicle is also an alarm signal. As for the
trailer, the use of mechanical alarm devices is allowed.
4.4.1.2 The visual alarm signal shall work reliably; shall be visible even in the
daytime. And it shall be easily recognized by the driver. The fault of the alarm
device components shall not affect the performance of the steering system.
4.4.2 Alarm signals for full-power steering vehicles
When a vehicle with full-power steering equipment has a steering fault, it shall
be able to send out an alarm signal in accordance with the following
requirements.
4.4.3 Alarm signals for trailers additional steering equipment
When the additional steering equipment of the trailer is in working condition,
and/or the steering angle generated by the system does not return to the normal
position, the steering system shall send a warning signal to the driver.
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions
5.1.1 The test shall be carried out on a level road with good adhesion.
5.1.2 During the test, the maximum allowable total mass of the vehicle and the
maximum allowable axle load of the steering axle shall be the maximum value
of the design. If the axle is equipped with an ASE, under the condition that the
vehicle is loaded to the maximum allowable total mass and the equipped ASE
axle is loaded to the maximum allowable axle load, perform another test.
5.1.3 Before the test, when the vehicle is stationary, the tyres shall be inflated
to the corresponding specified pressure under the axle load required by 5.1.2.
5.2 Tests for motor vehicles
5.2.1 Test of abnormal vibration when the motor vehicle leaves the turning circle
At the following speeds, when the motor vehicle leaves a circle with a radius of
50 m in the tangential direction, there shall be no abnormal vibration in the
steering system.
5.2.2 Understeering test for motor vehicles
When the steered wheels of the vehicle turn to about half of the maximum
steering angle, and the vehicle speed is not less than 10 km/h, release the
steering control equipment input. The vehicle shall maintain the original turning
radius track, or the turning radius shall become larger.
5.2.3 Requirement for glitch signal processing when measuring the
steering control force of motor vehicles
5.2.4 Measurement of steering control force when the steering system of
motor vehicles is intact
5.2.5 Measurement of steering control force when the steering system of
motor vehicles fails
5.3 Tests for trailers
5.3.1 Straight-line driving and abnormal vibration test of tractor-trailer
combination. When the tractor is driving in a straight line on a horizontal road
at 80 km/h (according to the maximum speed of product design when the
maximum speed is lower than 80 km/h), the trailer shall not have large
directional deviation (caused by the steering system) or abnormal vibration in
the steering system.
5.3.2 According to the requirements of 4.2.4, the tractor-trailer combination is
subjected to the turning circle test during steady-state steering at different
speeds. The difference of the turning circle shall meet the requirements of 4.2.4.
5.3.3 According to the requirements of 4.2.5, the tractor-trailer combination is
subjected to the out value test for departure. The out value when the trailer is
leaving shall meet the requirements of 4.2.5.
5.3.4 The tractor-trailer combination is subjected to the test of steering
clearance width when the steering system is intact and fails. The width of the
steering clearance shall meet the requirements of 4.3.1.5.
5.3.5 For the tests specified in 5.3.2, 5.3.3 and 5.3.4, the vehicle under test
shall turn left and right once, respectively.
6 Implementation date
For the vehicle type newly applied for type approval, it shall be implemented
from the date of implementation of the standard.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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