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GBZ130-2020 PDF English (GBZ130-2013: Older version)Search result: GBZ130-2020 (GBZ130-2013 Older version)
GBZ130-2020: PDF in EnglishGBZ 130-2020 GBZ NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 13.100 C 57 Replacing GBZ 130-2013, GBZ 165-2012, etc. Requirements for radiological protection in diagnostic radiology ISSUED ON: APRIL 03, 2020 IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2020 Issued by: National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Table of Contents Foreword ... 3 1 Scope ... 6 2 Normative references ... 6 3 Terms and definitions ... 6 4 General rules ... 8 5 Technical requirements for protection performance of X-ray equipment ... 12 6 Technical requirements for protection facilities of machine room of X-ray equipment ... 16 7 Protection safety requirements for operation of X-ray equipment ... 22 8 Protection testing requirements for machine room of X-ray equipment ... 27 Annex A (informative) Examples for pediatric illegitimate imaging examinations ... 28 Annex B (normative) Protection testing of machine room of X-ray equipment ... 29 Annex C (informative) Lead equivalents of different shielding substances in medical diagnostic X-ray protection ... 33 Annex D (informative) Correction method for response time of measuring instrument reading ... 38 Annex E (informative) Diagnostic reference level ... 41 Annex F (informative) Requirements for medical diagnostic X-ray personal protective materials and supplies ... 44 Annex G (informative) Requirements for protective glass panel of medical diagnostic X-ray ... 58 Bibliography ... 63 Requirements for radiological protection in diagnostic radiology 1 Scope This Standard specifies requirements for protection in diagnostic radiology, including protection performance of X-ray imaging diagnosis and interventional radiology equipment, equipment room protection facilities, protection safety operation requirements and related protection testing requirements. This Standard is applicable to X-ray imaging diagnosis and interventional radiology. X-ray imaging equipment in radiotherapy and nuclear medicine shall be implemented in accordance with this Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB 18871, Basic Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources GBZ 128, Specifications for individual monitoring of occupational external exposure 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 X-ray imaging diagnosis a technology that uses X-ray penetration and other properties to obtain image information of human organs and tissues to diagnose diseases 3.2 C-arm X-ray equipment the X-ray equipment for diagnosis that is composed of C-frame, X-ray tube 4 General rules 4.1 Management requirements Medical institutions shall be responsible for the protection and safety of radiation workers, subjects and the public, mainly including: a) Layout of the radiological diagnostic equipment workplace, design and construction of the machine room; b) Equipped with professionals with reasonable structure suitable for inspection work; c) The occupational exposure of workers shall be restricted. Occupational exposure dose limit shall meet the requirements of GB 18871. Personal dose monitoring shall meet the requirements of GBZ 128; d) Perform health checkups for radiology staff before, during and after work. Regularly perform professional and protective knowledge training. Respectively establish personal dosage, occupational health management and education and training files; e) Develop personnel training guidelines and plans. Train personnel on professional skills, radiation protection knowledge and relevant legal knowledge to meet the job requirements for radiation workers; f) Configure diagnostic equipment, testing instruments and protective facilities suitable for X-ray inspection. Take all reasonable measures to prevent equipment failure and human error; g) Develop and implement a radiation protection management system. Implement the program for radiological protection quality assurance. Take reasonable and effective measures. Minimize the consequences of possible failures and errors; h) Develop corresponding emergency plans for radiological incidents. It shall, to possible events, publicize the plan and conduct regular practical exercises; i) The radiation damage of the subject shall be reported to the health administration department in time. 4.2 Legitimacy requirements 4.2.1 Medical exposure shall have sufficient net benefits. In the case of obtaining the same net benefit, alternative methods of non-medical exposure shall be used whenever possible. It shall weigh the pros and cons when there to be sent to a fixed device for examination, and after taking strict corresponding protective measures, can mobile or portable X-ray equipment be used to operate at the bedside. Perform medical imaging examination. 4.2.10 X-ray diagnostic equipment installed on vehicle shall generally be used during roving physical examinations or medical emergencies. It shall not be used as conventional X-ray diagnostic equipment in fixed places. 4.3 Protection optimization requirements 4.3.1 The basic goal of optimizing the protection of subjects in X-ray diagnostic and interventional radiology procedures is to maximize the benefits beyond the hazards. 4.3.2 The optimization process of medical exposure shall include the selection of equipment. In addition to considering economic and social factors, it shall examine the aspects such as ease of use, quality assurance (including quality control), evaluation and estimation of subject dose, so that it can get enough diagnostic information and treatment effect. 4.3.3 Examine the medical X-ray diagnosis that is indeed necessary for legitimate reasons. Follow the principle for optimization of radiation protection. Apply relevant diagnostic reference level. In the case of ensuring that sufficient diagnostic information is obtained, the dose received by the subject shall be as low as possible. 4.3.4 When performing X-ray diagnostic examination, it shall strictly control the exposure field range to avoid the sensitive organs or tissues (such as gonads, eye lens, breast and thyroid) adjacent to the exposure field from being directly exposed to useful beams. 4.3.5 Medical institutions shall equip the subject with necessary radiation protection equipment. Take necessary shielding and protective measures for sensitive organs or tissues adjacent to the exposure field. It is recommended to use wrapped shielding protection measures for the subject in the CT scan. 4.3.6 Pay special attention to the exposure to the embryo or fetus, especially the optimal treatment when the pregnant woman's abdomen or pelvis is irradiated with useful beams or may receive large doses in other ways. 4.3.7 When performing X-ray diagnostic examination, people other than the subject shall not stay in the machine room. When the subject needs personnel assistance, the necessary protective measures shall be taken for the escort. 4.3.8 For diagnostic radiology procedures and image-guided intervention procedures, it shall ensure to use: time, total number of images, fluoroscopy dose rate, reference point dose and dose area product. 4.5 Others 4.5.1 See Annex B for X-ray equipment room protection testing. 4.5.2 See Annex C for lead equivalent of different shielding substances in medical diagnostic X-ray protection. 4.5.3 See Annex D for correction method for reading response time of measuring instrument. 4.5.4 See Annex E for diagnostic reference level. 4.5.5 See Annex F for requirements for medical diagnostic X-ray personal protective materials and supplies. 4.5.6 See Annex G for requirements for medical diagnostic X-ray protective glass panel. 5 Technical requirements for protection performance of X-ray equipment 5.1 General requirements 5.1.1 On the outlet of X-ray equipment, a beam limiting system shall be installed (such as beam limiter, diaphragm). 5.1.2 On the X-ray tube components, there shall be a clear focus position mark. 5.1.3 On the X-ray tube components, inherent filtration shall be indicated. All additional filters shall be marked with their material and thickness. 5.1.4 Accompanying documents shall describe the following protection-related properties: a) Inherent filtration of X-ray tube components; b) Filtration of X-ray source components; c) Characteristics of filtration tablets; d) At 100 cm away from the focal point on the spherical surface, air kerma rate of leaked radiation; e) Ways to limit useful harnesses; e) For X-ray equipment for mammography of which the nominal X-ray tube voltage does not exceed 50kV, its total filtration shall not be less than 0.03mmMo. 5.2 Special requirements for protective performance of X-ray equipment for fluoroscopy 5.2.1 The minimum focal distance of the C-arm X-ray equipment shall not be less than 20cm. The minimum focal distance of another X-ray equipment for fluoroscopy shall not be less than 30cm. 5.2.2 The fluoroscopic exposure switch shall be a normally-off switch, equipped with fluoroscopic timing and time-limited alarm device. 5.2.3 See 5.8 for special requirements for protection performance of X-ray fluoroscopy equipment used for interventional radiology, near-stage co- operation (non-common fluoroscopy). 5.3 Special requirements for protection performance of X-ray equipment for photography 5.3.1 X-ray equipment for photography of 200 mA and above shall have a device that can install additional filter plates, equipped with additional filter plates of different specifications. 5.3.2 X-ray equipment shall have a beam .......Source: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBZ130-2020 |